how do we define life?. properties of living things are organized, and are made of one or more cells...
DESCRIPTION
Properties of living things (continued) Pass traits to offspring (Heredity) Use energy. Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions carried out in an organism.TRANSCRIPT
How do we define life?
Properties of Living Things
• Are organized, and are made of one or more cells (Cellular Organization)
• Maintain stable internal conditions (Homeostasis)
•Are capable of Reproduction
•Exhibit Growth and development
•Respond to their environment(Responsiveness)
Properties of living things (continued)
• Pass traits to offspring (Heredity)
• Use energy. Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions carried out in an organism.
Stimulus or response?• The bell rings at the end of a class period• Your dog runs into the kitchen when you
open a can• A paramecium backs up and moves away
when it encounters an obstacle. • A plant grows toward the window• A baby hears a loud noise• You pull your hand away after touching the
hot oven
Examples
• Hummingbirds feed almost constantly to supply energy to their racing wings and hearts.
• Metabolism, homeostasis
• A butterfly emerges from a cocoon.
• Growth and Development
A bacterium divides into new cells every 15 minutes
• Reproduction
• An elephant's large ears allow the blood in the ears to be cooled by as much as 10 degrees.
• Homeostasis, responsiveness
• A pill bug rolls into a ball when touched.
• Responsiveness
• Earthworms are made of specialized cells, such as digestive cells, muscle cells, skin cells, etc.
• Cellular Organization
•A female frog lays many eggs at a time• Reproduction
• A toad burrows in the mud during hot weather to avoid water loss
• Homeostasis• Responsiveness
•An amoeba is composed of a single cell
•Cellular Organization
A child inherits cystic fibrosis from her parents
• Heredity
Mitochondria in a cell release energy from sugars
• Metabolism, cellular organization, homeostasis
Branches of Biology• Biochemistry: chemistry of
life• Ecology: how organisms
interact with each other and their environment
• Cell biology: life on the cellular level
• Genetics: how organisms pass traits to their offspring
• Evolution: changes in organisms over time
• Microbiology: microscopic organisms
• Botany: plants• Zoology: animals