how does scuba affect the respiratory system ?
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BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II. How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system ?. How does the gear work ?. Properties of liquids…. Properties of gases…. Flow= P1-P2/R. Poiseuille’s law flow = (P1 - P2) r 4 -------------------- 8vl. BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?
How does the gear work?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
How does the behavior of fluids in different states compare?
Poiseuille’s lawflow = (P1 - P2) r4
--------------------
8vl
Flow= P1-P2/R
Properties of liquids… Properties of gases…
Boyles: P1V1=P2V2
Charles: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
Combined:P = nRT/V
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
Take a deep breath and try to determine:
Which muscles are involved?
and
Are they relaxing or contracting?
How do we ventilate?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
To force air out, what has to happen to volume?Accomplished by:• relaxation
during quiet breathing
• contraction during forced breathing...
1) internal intercostals
2) abdominal muscles
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
How do we ventilate (expiration)?
Air flows due to differences in pressurePressure: P1V1 = P2V2So…increased volume = ?Accomplished with:1) external intercostal muscles
2) diaphragm 3) additional ones when needed
How do we ventilate (inspiration)?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
Take 5!!!
Discuss with your neighbor and predict
an answer
With the heart, we can directly alter the pressure of the fluid by applying force to the fluid resulting in a change in pressure and volume. However, with the lungs, there is no way to directly influence the fluid pressure (air) at the point of origin. So, how do we pump air into our lungs?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?What were the rules (1-3?) discussed by the dive instructor yesterday?
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?A key aspect to consider is the compressibility of gases vs. the incompressibility of liquids.
Where in your body do you have air spaces?Those areas can be directly affected by changes in pressure/volume.
33 feet of water = the pressure from 1 atmosphere
Pressure?
Pressure?
Pressure?
33’
66’
99’
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?
33’
66’
99’
33’
66’
99’
33’
66’
99’
Effects on volume Effects on density Effects of equalized pressure
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?
Pressure?
Pressure?
Pressure?
33’
66’
99’
When snorkeling, what happens to pressure and volume in respiratory system?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?
Pressure?
Pressure?
Pressure?
33’
66’
99’
When SCUBA diving and breathing at depth, then holding your breath while ascending, what happens to pressure and volume in respiratory system?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
Abyss clip
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
Are there other air spaces to consider when diving?
Henry’s Law:Concentration of a gas in a liquid depends on the the Partial pressure of the gas and the solubility of that particular gas.
[O2] = PO2 * Solubility
Does anything else change with pressure?
33’
66’
99’What is PN2?
(760)(4)(.79) = 2402
What is PN2?
(760)(1)(.79) = 600
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
Coefficient for O2 in water is 0.024
CO2 in water is 0.57
Take 5!!!
Discuss with your neighbor and predict
an answer
What is the effect on a person’s blood N2 levels, when diving at depths that are too deep (high pressure) for too long of a time?
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
How does SCUBA affect the respiratory system?Other anatomy & physiology concerns…
Breathing compressed O2
Breathing compressed air while snorkeling
Holding your breath longer while snorkeling
Nitrogen narcosis
Vertigo
Not following the rules