how routine learners can support family coordination

Scott Davidoff, John Zimmerman + Anind K. Dey 2 0 1 0C H I

THE PROJECT ON

How Routine Learners can Support Family Coordination

Scott Davidoff, John Zimmerman + Anind K. Dey


How families coordinate moving people


Managing ride details can be difficult

Darrah et al. 2000, Frissen 2000, Beech et al. 2004, Davidofff et al. 2006


Routines help give parents control

Darrah et al. 1999, Crabtree et al. 2004, Neustaedter 2007


Practiced routines can feel graceful

Wolin et al. 1984, Wakkary et al. 2007


Non-routine days are often stressful

Frissen 2000, Fiese et al. 2002, Davidoff et al. 2007


A system to help families during (often non-routine) coordination breakdowns

Vision


Describe problems in non-routine days

Goal 1

Goal 2Proscribe what to do in these situations


Related Work


Idiosyncratic actions are hard to interpret

Suchman 1983, Tolmie et al. 2002,


Computer useBegole et al. 2003

Domains using simple routine models

Social interaction

Transportation

Eagle et al 2006

Krumm et al 2006


Study approach


All 28 people in 6 dual-income families

Population

Timeline6 months, Spring, Summer and Fall


GPS

Phone Calls

Email

SMS

Calendars


528 InterviewsGround truth on location and jobs


Uncover causes of disruptions109 Activity Interviews



Uncover causes of disruptions109 Activity Interviews

108 CalendarsLabel events and examine content



Findings


Deviations from routine happen almost every day

Finding 1


RoutineDeviation, ScheduledDeviation, Unscheduled

March September

Family E activities involving transportation



March September


2



March September


3



March September


4


Disruption can be caused by routines

Examine causes


Mom

Dad

DayCare Home

5:00 5:455:30 6:30

Work

Work

Family A

Home


Mom

Dad

5:00 5:455:30 6:30

Out of town

Work

Family A

HomeDayCare


Family members make plans based on where they believe one another will be but their knowledge is incomplete

Finding 2


Specify S15’s Wednesday Routine

Activity Interview Task


TrackS15 Paper Route

2:30 5:00 6:303:00 5:30 7:00

School

Family E


TrackS15

Mom

Dad

Paper Route

Scouts

2:30 5:00 6:303:00 5:30 7:00

School

Track Paper RouteSchool

TrackSchool Scouts

Family E


TrackS15

Mom

Dad

Paper Route

Scouts

2:30 5:00 6:303:00 5:30 7:00

School

Track Paper RouteSchool

TrackSchool ScoutsPaper Route

Family E


S15 makes plans that depend on once-accurate information

School Half Day


TrackS15

2:30 5:003:00 5:30

School Home

Family E


TrackS15 Home

2:30 5:003:00 5:30

School Home

12:30 1:00

Family E


TrackS15

Dad

Home

2:30 5:003:00 5:30

School Home

Work Home

12:30 1:00

Family E


TrackS15

Dad

Home

2:30 5:003:00 5:30

School Home

Work Baseball

12:30 1:00

Family E


Calendars hold deviations, not routines

Finding 3


AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER

Calendar holds deviation, not routine


Deviations are frequent happenings

FINDING 1

People make plans without full information

Calendars are not good resources for routines

FINDING 2

FINDING 3


Information for builders


Forward-chain using planning algorithms to look for conflicts

Conflict detection


TrackS15

Paper Route

2:30 5:00 6:303:00 5:30 7:00

School

ScoutsHome

Scouts

Family E


TrackS15

Paper Route

2:30 5:00 6:303:00 5:30 7:00

School

ScoutsHome

Orthodontist

Scouts

Family E


NO SCHOOL


Alert parents about potential problems in time to do something about it

Safety net


Mom

Dad

5:00 5:455:30 6:30

Out of town

Work

Family A

HomeDayCare


5:30


Summary


Deviations are frequent happenings

FINDING 1

People make plans without full information

Calendars are not good resources for routines

FINDING 2

FINDING 3


Provide a resource for early detection

Conflict detection

Safety netMake sure high-cost events don’t happen


When (and how) do you notify family about a suspected disruption

NEXT STEP 1

How accurate do routine models need to be

What is the social impact of a system that affects coordination

NEXT STEP 2NEXT STEP 3


Thanks to my COLLABORATORS


Thanks to my COMMITTEE


Thanks to my ADVISORS


TheProject on


GRAPHICAL EVIDENCE



March September



4:30 5 5.30


Pickup Drop off

Time 1 2 1 2

Parent A T T A

Child A T T A

2MODELING


Family Precision Recall Accuracy F-measure Total Rides

A 0.625 0.710 0.500 0.665 861

B 0.880 0.611 0.564 0.720 328

C 0.776 0.669 0.567 0.722 99

D 0.751 0.604 0.503 0.670 1440

E 0.511 0.248 0.200 0.334 557

Total 0.731 0.569 0.467 0.622 3285

2MODELING


2MODELING


1How can end-user programming systemsin the homesupport human needs?

2 3What kind of support do families really want for their kids’ activities?

Can understanding of routine be used to model and support coordination?

22 Families12 months

18 Families3 months

6 Families6 months


UNUSED CONTENT


Reduce attention for everyday tasks

Zerubavel 1981


Focus on more meaningful experience

Fiese et al. 2002, Wakkary et al. 2007


Actions have important social meaning

Taylor et al. 2005, Harper et al. 2007


Desire for transportation support is strong

Davidoff et al 2007

how routine learners can support family coordination

Technology

john zimmerman anind

c h ifindingsscott davidoff

c h iroutinedeviation

c h iuncover

c h iall

c h ideviations

jobsscott davidoff

transportationscott