how the supergrid really will be built

8/10/2019 How the Supergrid Really Will Be Built

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HOW THE SUPERGRID IS

REALLY GOING TO BE

BUILT INPUTS SESSION 0930HRS

TUESDAY 17 MARCH, 2009


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Chairpersons

Mr Brendan Halligan Sustainable Energy Ireland

and

Mr Jost deJager State Secretary of the Ministry of Economical Affairs of

Schleswig-Holstein / Germany


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Mr Matthias Machnig

State Secretary of the Federal Ministry forthe Environment / Germany

- Offshore Wind Development in Germany


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Mr Brian Hurley

Wind Site Evaluation Ltd.

- Offshore Wind Resources in Europe


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Wind energy in lower 1km of atmosphere

Smil gives a figure, 3.8 x 1022 J, for the annual flux

for the winds in the atmosphere below a height of

1km. He puts the maximum convertible at 3.8 x

1022J or 1.1 x 106 TWh.

Ref: Smil, Vaclav. Inherent Limits of Renewable Energies. 2004


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Potential TW

Area considered with 5MW/Km2

North Atlantic East of longitude 300, North to latitude800, and South to latitude 360, East to longitude 300:

35.7TW

Mediterranean Sea: 12.5TW

Total 48.2TW

or48,200,000MW


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Offshore Wind Resource Estimate

Area considered with 5MW/Km2

North Atlantic East of longitude 300, North to

latitude 800

, and South to latitude 360

, East tolongitude 300: 133,000TWh

Mediterranean Sea: 28,000TWh

Total 161,000TWh


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Europes Electricity Demand

EU25 Final Demand of 2500 TWh (2004)

Total Offshore Resource: 161,000TWh

64 times the demand is available offshore


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Mr Gunnar Asplund

ABB

- HVDC Supergrid - Technology and Costs


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To bring the power to the consumers by electric

transmissionAC versus HVDC transmission

0 200 400 600 800 10000

500

1000

1500

PowerinMW

.

Overhead lines

Cables

400 kV

AC line

320 kV

DC line

Three 400 kV

AC cables

Two 320 kVDC cables


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Power and Voltage - present situation

HVDC with OH lines

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

HVDC

with

extruded

cable

HVDC

with sea cables

Power in MW

Udc

in kV

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

0


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Estlink

2006, 350 MW

Murraylink

2002, 220 MW

Directlink

2000,3X60 MW

Gotland

1999, 50 MW

Tjreborg

2000,7 MW

Eagle Pass

2000, 36MW

Mosel

2000, 38 MVAr

Hagfors

1999, 22 MVAr

Polarit

2003, 164 MVA

Troll

2004,2X40 MW

Evron

2003, 16 MVAr

Hllsjn

1997, 3 MW

Legend:

Valhall

2009,75 MWNORD E.ON 1

2009,400 MW

Caprivi2009,300 MW

Projects based on HVDC/SVC Light Technology

HVDC Light

SVC Ligh t

Cross Sound

2002, 330 MW

Holly

2004, 95 MVAr


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HVDC in Germany - Offshore windE.ON Netz, Borkum 2, 400 MW HVDC Light

75 km land cable

128 km sea cable

400 MW offshoreconverter

400 MW converter


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Europe 20XX Scenario

Solar

700 GW

8000 km sq90 x 90 km

Wind

300 GW

25 000 km sq

5000 x 10 km

Hydro

200 GW


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Cost example of a Supergrid

Distance north-south 2000 km

Distance east-west 1500 km

Mesh size 300 km

Number of sea wind stations 7

Number of land solar stations 6

Number of land receiving stations 13Power per station 2000 MW

Subsea cable length 6700 km

Overhead line length 9000 km

Underground cable length 6800 km

Supergrid cost 26 % 1)

1) Reference is the cost of solar and wind generation


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Mr Joe Corbett

Mainstream Renewable Power

- Detailed Design of the Supernode


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Supernode Concept

SUPERNODE CONCEPT

400kV

2 x 500MW2 x 500MW

2 x 500MW2 x 500MW

Converter Station

2.4GW

2.4GW

2.4GW

2.4GW

320kV

320kV


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Mainstream Renewable Powers Plan

Supernode 1

Supernode 2


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SUPERNODE 1

North

Supernode 2

2 x 500MW2 x 500MW

2 x 500MW2 x 500MW

RTW 400kV

National

Grid400kV


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SUPERNODE 2

500MW 500MW

GERMANY

380kV

Supernode 1


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Cost Comparisons

Project

Installed Capital

Cost (M)

Capacity

Offshore Wind(MW)

Capacity Trade

(MW)

Average

Capacity Factor Annual GWh

Cost / Annual

Energy

Transmitted(/MWh)

NorNed

600 0 700 80% 4,905 122

MRP I

2,974 2,000 4,000 47% 24,528 121

MRP II

3,036 4,000 4,000 60% 31,536 96

MRP III

3,648 5,000 4,000 73% 38,544 95

MRP IV3,648 6,000 4,000 80% 42,048 87


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Cost Comparison Chart

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

NorNed MRP I MRP II MRP III MRP IV

Cost Comparison

Cost / Annual MWh (/MWh)


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Mr Fenno Leeuwerke

Hochtief Construction

- Building at Sea and 3rd Generation of Ships


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First Generation of Equipment

Civil Construction Jack-ups

Accommodation Jack-ups inoffshore wind

Project Load 1500

to

Crane Capacity

300 to

400 to

nacelle

approx. 150

to

85 m

135 to

200 to


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Second Generation of Equipment

Second Generation Jack-ups in

offshore wind

Crane Capacity

500 to

Project Load 2500

to

300 - 600 to

nacelle

approx. 150

- 430 to

120 m

200 to

200 to


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Third Generation of Equipment

Offshore wind Jack-ups100 m

400 tons

nacelle approx.

100 tons

Project Load7000 10 000 to

Crane Capacity

1 000 to


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What Next

- Gravity base

- Floating

- Robust

- Reliable

- Redundend

- Optimized cycle times/logistics


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Mr Herbert Peels

2-B Energy

- A New Design for Offshore Wind

Power Plant


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2-B Energy

30

Background

2-B was founded early 2007 by M. Jakobsson and H. Peels

2-B team has extensive experience in wind energy

(GE/Enron/Shell/Siemens)

Shareholders of 2-B: Mainstream Renewable Power/P.

Mouratoglou/Truffle

Goals

Introduction of new, clean sheet dedicated offshore powerplant concept with lower cost of energy

Aim for large scale projects further out to sea

First prototype to be installed 2010


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Offshore consideration in 2-B design

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Cost of energy

Consequential downtime

No/limited noise requirements

Project size utility scale

No/limited visual impact

Deep(er) waters

Access-ability


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2-B Principles and Values

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Significant reduction of COE and risk through:

Reduction of no of components

Reduction of material consumption

Building on HVDC functionality

Off the shelf components

Leading key supply chain engaged

Simplification of installation and O&M

Longer life on all structural components


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2-B Technology

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2-B design key features:

Full jacket structure 2 bladed concept

6 MW generator

130 m diameter


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2-B Technology

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Project life cycle and operational concept:

Power plant life cycle for structural

components

Planned overhaul principle

New replacement strategies for

gearbox and other components

Electrical system:

Simplified HV generation concept

AC WTG collection grid system

Central transformers for WTG groups

More resilient grid configuration


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2-B continued..


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Q&A


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HOW THE SUPERGRID IS

REALLY GOING TO BE

BUILT OUTPUTS SESSION 1100HRS

TUESDAY 17 MARCH, 2009


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Ms Liz McRobb

Shepherd and Wedderburn

- Regulatory Issues


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Making Supergrid happen problems,

barriers, hurdles?

2020 targets a real time of opportunity

Trans European energy networks

2006 TEN-E Guidelines and Priority Interconnection Plan

Appointment of European Co-ordinators a four year

mandate to achieve change

Connection to offshore wind power in Northern Europe


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barriers, hurdles?

Changes to EU legislation to shorten the

authorisation process

Balancing of environmental concerns with strategic

2020 targets

Tackling fragmentation at a practical level

UK consenting developments what lessons will we

learn?

What can MS do now to support the EU initiative?


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barriers, hurdles?

Many success stories over time from bilateral links

Regulatory framework has fostered investment and

third party access

TSOs increasingly experienced at joint venturing

Multi-lateral success stories as well


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Making Supergrid happen so where

could we start?

Speed of development for grid is critical to 2020

MS have their individual headaches

UK position for grid to support Round 3

Prioritising multilateral collaboration is key

Using EU enhanced co-operation


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Mr Adam Bruce


- Regulatory Issues Part 2 and Governance

(OTSO)


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Delivering Supergrid The Regulatory Process

A European project at scale Cross-border trade and infrastructure

Multilateral regulation

Not just point-to-point connection

Enhanced Co-operation

An existing framework

A process that works

Allows for fast-tracking

EU Offshore

TransmissionOperator

OTSO


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Supergrid Governance

EUInstitutions

OTSOBoard

OTSOExecutive

Supergrid

Enhanced Co-

operationEU Octet marine

energy member states


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The regulatory process for delivering Supergrid


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EU Institutions

EU Energy policy

Supergrid Charter

OTSO Board

National Governments

National TSOs andappointees

Commission appointee

OTSO Executive

What to build

Where to build

When to build

Supergrid Charter

Purposes:

Security of supply

Eliminate GHGs

Create free market in electricity

Ensure competitiveness

OTSO Board

Purposes:

Governance

Sets policy

Project approvals

Raises finance

Supergrid


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Mr Fintan Whelan


- Investment Opportunities, Risks and

Incentivisation


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Incentives

Risk

Opportunities


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Energy Consumers,Taxpayers,Voters

Government as Proxy/Agent

Robust Demand for

Renewable Energy Generation

Way of Life, Development,Competitiveness

SUSTAINABILITY


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Human & Financial Capital

Incentives in PlaceRisks Allocated/Mitigated/Managed

Supply Chain Capacity & Integration

Reliable Supply of

Renewable Energy

Opportunities:

Risks/Returns

SUSTAINABILITY


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Key Themes

Risk: Mutual Reduction in Uncertainty

Incentives : Support is not one-way, it is a Quid Pro Quo

Opportunity : Integrate Supply Chain to Secure Capacity

and Provide Line of Sight to End Game


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Mr Andreas Wagner

German Offshore Wind Energy Foundation

- New Employment Opportunities with

Offshore Wind Energy

Stiftung OFFSHORE WINDENERGIE


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Stiftung OFFSHORE-WINDENERGIE

Voice of the German offshore wind energy sector

Created in 2005 Acquired permits for alpha ventus in 2005 - lease to DOTI in Dec. 06

Communication platform for politics, industry, R/D, business & finance

PR and mediation activities to overcome obstacles

Promoting public acceptance (e.g. POWER Cluster)

Initiates and contributes to R/D initiatives (e.g. RAVE, WINDSPEED)

Offshore Wind in Germany starting to take off


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Offshore Wind in Germany starting to take-off

Huge potential in the medium/longer run (by 2030)

Can generate up to 15% of German electricity consumption

85-100 TWh (25.000 MW) New employment opportunities, mainly along the German coast,

20,00030,000 direct and indirectjobs,

Total investment 75-100 billion Euro

Strong in (environmental) R/D, turbine technology (Multi-MW),

engineeringBUT

Challenging external conditions (distance to shore, water depth,economics, infrastructure & logistics, technology solutions, O&M,grid connection and integration issues w ith regulator and TSOs)

Industrial cross-border Co-operation needed emerging with UK, N, NLCo-operation on environmental R/D with Dk and S since 2007

HR issues, Training & Qualification

Spatial Planning/Permitting

Finance

Just a beginning


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Just a beginning 400-500 Mio. Investments in NW-Germany2000-3000 new jobs and more to come

Source: wab

Emden/Bremen

Nordenham

Cables

Bremerhaven

OFFSHORE-BASISCUXHAVEN

Bremerhaven

250 Mio

Offshore Wind in Europe


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Offshore Wind in Europe

BGP - Beyond Gas and Petroleum

Starting with 20-40 GW Offshore Wind by 2020 600 new wind turbines (5 MW each) per year means new jobs in:

- Turbine and component assembly,

- Offshore foundations,

- Electrical infrastructure (cables),

- Offshore installation and logistics- O&M, Training offshore personnel, etc.

New Offshore infrastructure is required at coastal sites across

Europe Compensating for decline in traditional maritime sectors

(e.g. shipyards, European O&G industry, etc.)

Electrical Offshore Infrastructure New Opportunities for cablemanufacturers, the steel industry (transformer stations), and

maritime logistics

Source: Delivering Offshore Wind Power in Europe (EWEA, 2008)

Offshore Wind in Europe the new Job Machine


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Offshore Wind in Europe - the new Job Machine

35 GW Offshore Wind can generate up to half of all employment

in the wind sector by 2020 150,000 (!) new jobs created by Offshore Wind in 2020

Source: Wind at Work (EWEA, 2009)


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Ready for Taking-Off!?


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Mr Michael McElhinney

Scottish Government

- Connecting Northern Europe.

A Scottish Perspective

The Window of Opportunity


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The Window of Opportunity

The EU policy landscape: Strategic Energy Review

UK policy landscape: UK Climate Change Bill,

Transmission Access Review,

Links with Ofgem and National Grid,

Crown Estate leasing of offshore renewable generation sites.

Scottish policy landscape: Responsive and stable regulatory regime e.g. Marine Bill,

Climate Change Bill,

National Planning Framework,

Streamlined consenting for renewables projects.

Current financial cl imate: EU & Scottish Economic Recovery Plans:

Renewable energy as a driver of recovery.

Developing Offshore Grid


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Developing Offshore Grid

Existing studies North Sea and Irish Sea

Proven capacity and capability on and offshore

Strong on innovation R&D and the Saltire Prize

1st class test and demonstration facilities:

Beatrice Offshore Wind Demonstrator and EMEC.

Working closely with industry and academia on developing technology

2007 - 20% of electricity consumed in Scotland came from renewable sources

5.5 GW renewables capacity installed, consented and under construction more than our 2011 target of 31% of electricity demand from renewables.

Our National Planning Framework identifies priorities for energy, encouragesdevelopment of renewables and North Sea offshore grid.

And keen to do more.


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SK 1,2,3

NorNed

SK 4

NORD.LINK / NorGer

Ekofisk

Windpark

New interconnectors

wi ll use VSC HVDC

technology

Cable capacity from

Norway ~ 6000 MW

Included transit thru

Sweden~10000MW

Standardisation

Cooperation

CoordinationHydro

Reservoirs for

balancing

?

?

?

In operation

Early planning

Evaluation

Connectionplatform

Windpark

Proposed European modular development

Accommodating Increased Volume


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g

of Renewables from ScotlandUK and Scottish Government, Ofgem

and transmission licensees work to

identify transmission reinforcements tosupport the delivery of UK renewable

energy targets including onshore and

offshore reinforcement in Scotland.

Outcomes of this work Vision 2020

published on 4th March.

HVDC cable from Hunterston Deeside (circ 1.8GW)

HVDC cable from Peterhead toHumberside (circ 1.8GW)

HVDC circuit

Re-conductor or re-insulate

existing OHL route

Series compensation

Accommodates ~11.4GW of

renewables in the north of Scotland

Transmission Development Overview


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Transmission Development Overview

New HVDC circuit

Re-conductor or re-

insulate on existing towersFull re-build or new-build

double circuit overhead line

New AC subsea cable

Series compensation

equipment in existing

substation compounds

Norway

Early instance of multiple HVDCterminals will occur in Scotland

(AND potential for HVDC link withNorway given that the shortest

route option is to Peterhead)

Fundamental power systemsplanning, operation and control

issues associated with aconcentration of multiple HVDC

terminals

Understanding and resolution isrequired for Scotland, but will also

be key to realisation of any wider

vision for North Sea renewablesreliant on HVDC transmission.

HVDC in Scotland provides an invaluable test

case towards a wider pan-European grid

Future thinking North Sea Grid Post 2020


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Future thinking North Sea Grid Post 2020

Needs

Vision

Commitment

Commercialisation

Investment

Reward

Regulation

Collaboration

SK 1,2,3

NorNed

SK 4

NORD.LINK / NorGer

Ekofisk

Windpark

Proposed European modular development

Standardisation

Cooperation

Coordination

Hydro

Reservoirs

for balancing

North SeaGrid

~~~~~ ~~~~~


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Dr Eddie OConnor


- Wrap Up and Q&A


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Q&A

how the supergrid really will be built

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