The Rise of Dictatorship

What is a dictatorship?

Husband Argentine President Juan Peron

Never let her husband forget the workers

Ran the governments health and labor departments

Charity for the poor- Eva Peron foundation, built hospitals, schools, orphanages

Died at 33, nation was devastated

Eva Peron

Argentina1943 Juan Peron rise to power Populist- supporter of the

rights of the common people as opposed to the privileged elite

Created minimum wage, 8 hour workday, paid vacations

Tried to boost industrialization but failed lack of resources

Farm production decreased due to govt control

Ruled with an iron fist- one-party system

Argentina 1976-1983 “dirty war” soldiers take people in the middle of the night and torture and kill them

10,000-30,000 people vanished during this time period

Mothers march and brought national and international attention to Argentina's military dictatorship

BrazilJuscelino Kubitschek “fifty

years of progress in five”Economic progress- capital

became sign of pride and modernity

“Brazilian miracle” 1986-1973 industrial exports, farming, mining increased (military dictatorship)

Rapid growth= frozen wages, standard living

Against govt, risk being killed

Chile 1970 Salvador Allende

elected PresidentTried to improve working

class & stimulate economyMoney on housing,

education, health careGave land to peasantsIndustrial & farm

production decreased, prices increase and food shortages spread

Economy failed, military rebelled, Sept 11th 1973 fighter planes bombed palace (3,00 died)

ChileCommander in chief

of army Augusto Pinochet became President

Within 3 years, 130,000 arrested opposing govt

Used violence keep power- people went missing

Democratic and Economic Reforms

Failure of DictatorshipsFailed to achieve

social and economic reforms

Poverty, malnutrition, infant mortality

Didn’t bring security or stability (civil rights, death squads, disappearances)

A Peaceful Transition Internal and external

forces pressure for reform

Large banks (World Bank) began to demand changes way countries governed as a condition for giving loans

Restore voting rights Voted out military and

voted in new civilian govts

Market ReformsReforms 1990sCut govt spending Selling govt services

to private enterpriseStrengthening

regional trade/ establish new

Help countries pat debt

Results of Market Reforms