HVAC

User Guide

AVEVA Solutions Ltd

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First published September 2007

AVEVA Solutions Ltd, and its subsidiaries

AVEVA Solutions Ltd, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HB, United Kingdom

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HVAC User GuideHVAC User Guide

Contents Page

Contents

User GuideRead This First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1Scope of this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1Assumptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1About the Design Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1

How the Guide is Organised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1Further Training in the use of PDMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:212.0i

Introducing AVEVA PDMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1Structure of PDMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1Strengths of PDMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1PDMS HVAC Design Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:2

Database Hierarchy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1How PDMS Stores Design Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1PDMS Design Data Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:2

Logging In. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:3Exploring the HVAC Database Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:4Viewing the Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:5Setting the Scale and Direction of the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:5Using the Draw List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:5Manipulating the Displayed View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:7

HVAC User GuideContentsRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1HVAC Component Representation in the Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1HVAC Physical Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1HVAC Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1

Starting the HVAC Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2Setting HVAC Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2Setting a Default Detailing Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2Choosing the HVAC Form Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:3Customising HVAC Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:6

Creating HVAC Administrative Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:7Creating an HVAC System Element. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:7Creating an HVAC Branch Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:7

Creating HVAC Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:9Creating a Fire Damper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:13Moving the Fire Damper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:13Creating a Composite Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:14

Adding more HVAC Components to your Ductwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:16Creating a Rectangular Radiused Bend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:16Repositioning the Rectangular Radiused Bend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:16Creating a Rectangular Mitred Offset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:17Creating a Second Rectangular Radiused Bend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:17Adding a Circular Section Silencer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:18Adding a Three-way Component and Terminating the Branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:19Defining the Branch Tail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:20

Adding to the HVAC Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1Grid/Tiling Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1Creating Side Branches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:3

Completing the Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:1Filling Ductwork Gaps Automatically. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:1Adding Stiffening Flanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:3Automatic Item Numbering and Naming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:5Calculating HVAC Component Surface Area and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:6Calculating HVAC Centre of Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:7Finishing off Design Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:9Modifying Joint Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:912.0ii

HVAC User GuideContentsInserting an Access Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:10

Changing the View Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:11

Checking and Outputting Design Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:1Querying Data Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:1Checking for Design Data Inconsistencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:2Data Check Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:3Checking for Clashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:5Obstruction Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:5Extent of Clashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:5Clash Detection Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:6

Generating a Data Output Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:8Generating a Tabulated Data Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:8Plotting the Design Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:10Setting up a Drawing Administration Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:10Defining the Content of a Drawing Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:13

HVAC Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:1Creating the Assembly Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:1Assembly Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:4Creating an Assembly Instance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:5Inserting an Assembly at a Split Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:6

HVAC Splitting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:1How to use the Split HVAC Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:2Branches to Split . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:2Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:4Split Branches and Move Elements into. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:6

UNDO/REDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:7

HVAC Spooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:1Generating HVAC Spools using the HVAC Spool Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:1HVAC Spool Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:3Modifying an HVAC Spool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:4UNDO/REDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:5

Creating HVAC Sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:1How to use the HVAC Sketches Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:312.0iii

HVAC User GuideContentsSearch Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:3Search Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:4Sketch Creation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:5

Displaying HVAC Sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:6Printing HVAC Sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11:7

Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12:1

HVAC Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A:1

HVAC Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:1Basic Features of the Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:1HVAC Branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:1Rectangular Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:3Circular Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:17Flat Oval Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:31Transformations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:39Branch Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:44Inline Plant Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:55Extra Inline Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:67HVAC Equipment Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:75Types of Joint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:75Pre-defined Joints for Components of Any Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:75Pre-defined Joints for Rectangular Components Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:77User-defined Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:77

Types of Stiffener. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B:77Pre-defined Stiffeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:78User-defined Stiffeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:79

Design Parameters and Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B:79

HVAC Component Palettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C:1

Other Relevant Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D:1AVEVA PDMS Introductory Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D:1AVEVA PDMS Reference Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D:1General Guides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D:212.0iv

Some Sample Plots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E:1

HVAC User GuideRead This First1 Read This First

1.1 Scope of this GuideThis guide introduces some of the facilities provided by AVEVA PDMS for the design anddocumentation of interconnected Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) ductingnetworks. It explains the main concepts underlying PDMS and its supporting applications,and shows how you can apply these to your own design projects.

The Chapters 1 to 7 of this guide take the form of a hands-on design example combinedwith frequent explanation of the underlying concepts. As you work progressively through theexample, you will gain practical experience of the ways in which you can use PDMS whilelearning about the powerful facilities it provides. Chapters 8 to 10 introduce some additionalfacilities which can be used once the HVAC design layout has been completed.

1.1.1 Intended AudienceThis guide has been written for engineers familiar with HVAC design practices, who may ormay not have prior knowledge of PDMS.

1.1.2 AssumptionsFor you to use this guide, the sample PDMS project, Project SAM, must be correctlyinstalled on your system, and you must have read/write access to the project databases.

It is assumed that: you know where to find PDMS on your computer system you know how to use the Windows operating system installed on your site you are familiar with the basic graphical user interface (GUI) features as described in

the AVEVA document Getting Started with PDMS.

Contact your systems administrator if you need help in any of these areas.

1.1.3 About the Design ExampleAll the steps of the design example are numbered sequentially throughout the guide. 12.01:1

1.1.4 Further ReadingYou can find a list of relevant AVEVA documentation in the appendices of this guide.

1.2 How the Guide is OrganisedThis guide is divided into chapters and appendices, as follows:

HVAC User GuideRead This FirstRead This First introduces this guide and summarises its scope.

Introducing AVEVA PDMS gives a general overview of the main design facilities providedwithin the HVAC application.

Database Hierarchy explains how PDMS stores its design data, giving the logging inprocedure and shows you how to organise your data. A running design example is usedfrom this chapter on to illustrate essential concepts.

Routing a Sequence of HVAC Components demonstrates the key features of HVAC designusing PDMS and shows you how to build up a ductwork sequence component bycomponent.

Adding to the HVAC Model shows you how to extend the basic ductwork sequence byadding side branches to form a more complex network. In doing so, it introduces a usefulfacility for creating a reference grid which can be used to position ceiling tiles for locatingHVAC grilles etc.

Completing the Design explains some ways of finishing off the design details by using someautomated facilities provided by the application.

Checking and Outputting Design Data shows how to check your design for clashes, andhow to generate reports and plots directly from the design data. It concludes the workedexample.

HVAC Assemblies explains how to create HVAC assemblies.

HVAC Splitting explains how the facility of HVAC splitting is used to split the HVAC designroute into logical sections to simplify system design and manufacture.

HVAC Spooling introduces HVAC spooling, a facility used to assist component manufacture.

Creating HVAC Sketches shows how the HVAC sketch facility can be used to createsketches of HVAC spools.

Conclusion Conclusion.

HVAC Database summarises the database hierarchy which PDMS uses to store your HVACdesign data.

HVAC Catalogue contains annotated illustrations of all of the HVAC components that areprovided in the catalogue database which forms an integral part of the product.

HVAC Component Palettes gives the range of HVAC component palettes available from theHVAC Designer GUI.

Other Relevant Documentation identifies other sources of information which supplement,and expand upon, the brief details given in this guide.

Some Sample Plots contains some examples of the types of HVAC layout plots that can beproduced by using PDMS.

1.3 Further Training in the use of PDMSThis guide teaches you about the key features of using PDMS for HVAC designs only.

If you wish to learn more about the wide-ranging facilities of PDMS, AVEVA provides a widerange of training courses, covering all levels of expertise and all design disciplines. Fordetails of courses, and to arrange course attendance, contact your nearest AVEVA supportoffice.12.01:2

HVAC User GuideIntroducing AVEVA PDMS2 Introducing AVEVA PDMS

This chapter introduces: Structure of PDMS Strengths of PDMS PDMS HVAC Design Features

2.1 Structure of PDMSPDMS comprises the following functional parts:

modules applications.

A module is a subdivision of PDMS that you use to carry out specific types of operation. Thisguide covers the following modules:

DESIGN, which you use for creating the 3D design model DRAFT, which you use for generating annotated and dimensioned drawings of your

design.

An application is a supplementary program that has been tailored to provide easy control ofoperations that are specific to a particular discipline. This guide covers the followingapplication:

HVAC Designer, which you will use for HVAC design work.

You can switch quickly and easily between different parts of PDMS.

2.2 Strengths of PDMSIn AVEVA PDMS, you have a powerful suite of facilities for the creation, analysis anddocumentation of interconnected HVAC ducting networks.

The emphasis is on maximising both design consistency and design productivity: The design modelling functions incorporate a degree of apparent intelligence that

enables them to make sensible decisions about the consequential effects of many of12.02:1

your design choices. This allows you to implement a sequence of related decisions witha minimum of effort.

You can incorporate modifications into your design at any stage without fear ofinvalidating any of your prior work, because data consistency-checking is an integralpart of the product. PDMS automatically manages drawing production, material take-offreports, and so on, by reading all design data directly from a common set of databases,to prevent errors from being introduced by transcribing information between differentdisciplines.

HVAC User GuideIntroducing AVEVA PDMS The applications let you check all aspects of your design as work progresses. Thisincludes on-line interdisciplinary clash detection, so the chances of errors andinconsistencies reaching the final documented design are reduced to an exceptionallylow level.

The applications are controlled from a GUI. This means that all design, drawing andreporting operations are initiated by selecting choices from menus, and by enteringdata into on-screen forms. For ease of use, you can select most of the components yourequire by picking them from a set of diagrammatic representations, and manycommon actions are represented by pictorial icons.

2.3 PDMS HVAC Design FeaturesAVEVA PDMS has been designed by HVAC engineers for HVAC engineers. The HVACapplication offers the following key benefits:

The HVAC Designer application lets you build up and detail complex ducting networkssimply by selecting components from standard catalogues. By using standard defaultsettings, a conceptual layout can be created and analysed rapidly, leaving the designdetails to a later post-approval stage.

The application provides facilities for creating rectangular, circular and oval cross-sectional items. Individual design components can be selected from over 100parametric catalogue items covering all likely requirements, including a range ofauxiliary items such as stiffening frames, access panels, splitter plates etc., all of whichwill be accurately detailed in the design model. The catalogue also includes a range ofinline plant items such as centrifugal and axial fans, air handling units, silencers,dampers etc., each ready for insertion into the design model in a single operation.

User-definable detailing specifications, such as those for construction materials,ductwork gauge, flange dimensions etc., define precise manufacturing requirements.User-definable default settings ensure compliance with company standards and a highlevel of design consistency throughout the project.

Accurate geometric representation of all design items ensures reliable clash checkingduring the design process, leading to good space management and the earlyelimination of positional errors.

Explicitly positioned design components are interconnected automatically with impliedductwork as the design of the ductwork sequence is built up. An autofilling facility isprovided which can then calculate the optimum use of standard ducting straights tocomplete the material take-off list for the entire network.

Several design aids are incorporated, including a facility for creating horizontal gridswhich can be used to position ceiling tiles. This can greatly aid the layout of buildingservices in an architectural environment. Also for systems, in either a plant or marineenvironment, a facility exists for splitting the system design into logical sections toassist design and manufacture.

HVAC elements may be named in accordance with a predefined set of rules, so thattheir positions in the database hierarchy are always obvious without you having toenter specific texts during the design process.

The applications user interface can be tailored readily to suit the level of experience ofany individual user. In particular, graphical illustrations of all catalogue items can bedisplayed if required to simplify component selection and dimensioning.

You can carry out multi-disciplinary clash checks at any stage of the design, thusavoiding spatial conflicts within the overall model which could be expensive to rectify atthe construction stage. This is particularly important where different features of thedesign model are under the control of different designers.

At any stage of your work, you can create reports listing specified data from the current12.02:2

database. You can specify a standard report template, so you can derive lists of

HVAC User GuideIntroducing AVEVA PDMScommonly-required information very quickly, or you can design a one-off report formatto suit special needs. The resultant output, which can include data from any designdiscipline, sorted in any way you require, can be either displayed on your screen orsent to a file (for storage and/or for printing). 12.02:3

HVAC User GuideIntroducing AVEVA PDMS12.02:4

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy3 Database Hierarchy

Although this guide is about the design of HVAC ducting networks, in practice you willusually route your ductwork with reference to predefined design items such as theframework, floors and ceilings of a structure. You will therefore learn how these other itemsare defined in PDMS as well as learning how to route sequences of HVAC components andducting within them.

In this chapter, you will: How PDMS Stores Design Data Logging In to PDMS and begin the design example see how Viewing the Design and Manipulating the Displayed View.

3.1 How PDMS Stores Design DataAll PDMS data is stored in the form of a hierarchy. A PDMS DESIGN database has:

a top level, World (usually represented by the symbolic name /*) two principal administrative sublevels, Site and Zone.

The names used to identify database levels below Zone depend on the specific engineeringdiscipline for which the data is used. For HVAC design data, the lower administrative levels(and their PDMS abbreviations) are:

HVAC (HVAC) BRANCH (BRAN) SPOOLS (HSLIST)

Each HVAC can represent any portion of the overall ducting network.

Each Branch within an HVAC represents a single sequence of components runningbetween two, and only two, points:

Branch Head Branch Tail.

The data which defines the physical design of the individual HVAC components is heldbelow Branch level.12.03:1

Each spool within an HVAC represents a collection of HVAC components combinedtogether to form a single entity.

To represent the parts of the structure within which you will route your ductwork, you use anadministrative level below Zone; Structure (STRU) level.

The physical design of each part of the structure is represented by a set of basic 3D shapesknown as Primitives, held below Structure level:

Primitives are used to represent physical items

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy Negative Primitives are used to represent holes through items.

During the design example, you will use rectangular BOX primitives for ducting, andnegative boxes, NBOX primitives, where HVAC ducting is to pass through the walls.

Together, these hierarchic levels give the following overall format:

3.1.1 PDMS Design Data DefinitionsAll data is represented in the database (DB) as follows:

Each identifiable item of data is known as a PDMS element. Each element has a number of associated pieces of information which, together,

completely define its properties. These are known as its attributes.Every element is identified within the database structure by an automatically-allocatedreference number and, optionally, by a user-specified name. Additional items ofinformation about an element which can be stored as attribute settings include the: element type element physical dimensions and technical specifications element physical location and orientation in the design model element connectivity.Some attribute settings must be defined by you when you create a new element, otherswill be defined automatically by PDMS.

When you are modifying a database (for example, when you are creating newelements or changing the settings of their attributes), you can consider yourself to bepositioned at a specific point within the hierarchy. The element at this location is calledthe current element (usually abbreviated to CE).In many cases, commands which you give for modifying the attributes of an elementwill assume that the changes are to be applied to the current element unless youspecify otherwise, so you must understand this concept and always be aware of yourcurrent position in the database hierarchy. The Design Explorer displays thisinformation continuously.

The vertical link between two elements on adjacent levels of the database hierarchy isdefined as an owner-member relationship. The element on the upper level is theowner of those elements directly linked below it. The lower level elements aremembers of their owning element. Each element can have many members, but it canhave only one owner.12.03:2

HVAC User GuideDatabase HierarchyYou can navigate from any element to any other, thereby changing the current element,by following the owner-member links up and down the hierarchy.

3.2 Logging InThis is the first step of the design example.

Design example begins:

1. In the Login form give the name of the Project in which you want to work: enter SAM.2. Give your allocated Username: enter HVAC.3. Give your allocated Password: enter HVAC.4. Give the part of the project Multiple Database (MDB) you want to work in: enter HVAC.5. Give the name of the Module you wish to use: select Design.

Make sure that you leave the Read Only box unchecked, so that you can modify thedatabase as you work.When you have entered all the necessary details, the form looks as shown:

Click OK. When PDMS has loaded, your screen looks as shown:12.03:3

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy3.3 Exploring the HVAC Database HierarchyThe sample database provided as the starting point for the HVAC routing example, containsa number of predefined elements that represent a simple structure constructed from sets ofbox shapes.

In this section, you look at the hierarchic structure and in the following section 3Drepresentation of this model.

The Design Explorer holds the design element hierarchy currently present in the HVACmultiple database. This hierarchy is collapsed by default.

Example continues:

6. In the Design Explorer, expand the elements in the HVAC database, and navigate upand down the hierarchy by clicking on the various elements. You can see that there isalready: a Site (HVACSITE) that owns a Zone (HVACZONE) that owns a number of Structures, each of which is the owner of one or more Boxes.

Together these elements represent the structure that will hold your HVAC ductingnetwork.

Note: If you or other users have accessed this database before, the list may also containother elements.12.03:4

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy3.4 Viewing the DesignSo that you can see what the design model looks like, you will display it in a 3D Viewwindow, and learn how to manipulate this display.

You will: set the scale and direction of the view specify which design elements you want to see and how you want them to be

represented experiment with the view.

Having your design in a 3D View window also enables you to identify design items by simplypointing to them rather than having to navigate to them in the Design Explorer,

3.4.1 Setting the Scale and Direction of the View

Example continues:

7. Click on HVACZONE in the Design Explorer.

8. In the 3D View tool bar, click on the Limits CE button, . This adjusts the scale ofthe view automatically such that it corresponds to a volume the right size to hold thechosen element(s); in this case, the Zone.

9. To set an isometric view direction, position the cursor in the 3D View window and clickthe right-hand mouse button to display the pop-up menu. Select Isometric>Iso 3 fromit.

10. If the graphical view background colour is not already black, select View>Settings>Black Background from the 3D View menu.

3.4.2 Using the Draw ListYou specify which elements of your design you wish to display, by adding them to orremoving them from the Draw List.

The sample database associated with this example represents the whole of a simplestructure. To route your ducting network, you need to be able to see the floors, walls,columns and beams of this structure, but not the roof. You will display the requiredstructures in different colours.

Example continues:

11. To display the Drawlist, right-click on the Drawlist button and select Drawlist fromthe pop-up menu.

12. Make sure that in the Design Explorer you have expanded HVACZONE to display thestructures below it.

13. Pick the HVACFLOOR Structure from the design element hierarchy, right-click themouse and select 3D View>Add from the popup menu. This adds HVACFLOOR to theDraw List:12.03:5

HVAC User GuideDatabase HierarchyAlternatively, you can hold down the right or left mouse-button and drag-and-drop theelement into the 3D View.

14. On the Draw List, click on the HVACFLOOR element. You can now use the controls inthe Draw List to set the colour from the popup palette. Make the floor black.

15. Now pick the HVACWALLS Structure from the design element hierarchy and add it tothe Draw List in the same way. Set the colour of the walls to aquamarine.

16. Use the same method to add: HVACCOLS (columns) in green HVACBEAMS in blue.

Do not add HVACROOF at this stage.

Your structure now looks as shown:12.03:6

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy17. Observe the effect of selecting different view directions from the Look and Isometricmenu options provided by the 3D View shortcut menu. Revert to Iso>3 when you havefinished.

3.4.3 Manipulating the Displayed ViewYou can manipulate the displayed model view in a number of ways. The three viewmanipulation modes are:

Rotate the view Pan the view across the display area Zoom in or out to magnify or reduce the view.

The current manipulation mode is shown in the status line at the bottom of the 3D Viewwindow, and is currently set to Rotate, as shown in the previous illustration.

To change the view manipulation mode, look at the Middle Button Drag options on the 3DView shortcut menu. By pressing and holding down the middle mouse button with thepointer within the 3D View, the view can manipulated in the selected way simply by movingthe mouse. The options of interest are Zoom Rectangle, Zoom In/Out, Pan and Rotate.

Alternatively, you can change the manipulation mode by pressing one of the function keys,or by using the View Manipulation tool bar buttons, thus:

F2 or selects Zoom mode

F3 or selects Pan mode

F5 or selects Rotate mode12.03:7

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy(Try these selection options and observe the effect on the Middle Button Drag shortcutmenu; a tick appears against the selected option).

You can also choose the view manipulation mode from the options on the View>MiddleButton>Drag menu.

Example continues:

18. Select . 19. Position the cursor in the view area and hold down the middle mouse button, then

move the mouse slowly from side to side while watching the effect on the displayedmodel. The initial direction of movement determines how the view appears to rotate; startingwith a left or right movement causes the observers eye-point to move across the view.

20. Now release the mouse button, hold it down again and move the mouse away from youand towards you; this time the observers eye-point appears to rotate up and downaround the model.

21. Repeat the rotation operations while holding down the Control key. Note that the wordFast appears in the status line and that the rate of rotation is increased.

22. Repeat the rotation operations, but this time hold down the Shift key. Note that theword Slow appears in the status line and that the rate of rotation is decreased.For an alternative way of rotating the model, first press the F9 function key to displayhorizontal and vertical sliders, and then try dragging the sliders to new positions alongthe view borders. You can rotate the model in this way at any time, regardless of thecurrent manipulation mode.

23. Select . 24. Position the cursor in the view area and hold down the middle mouse button, then

move the mouse slowly in all directions. Note that it is the observers eye-point which follows the mouse movement (while theviewing direction remains unchanged), so that the displayed model appears to move inthe opposite direction to the mouse; in effect, you move the mouse towards that part ofthe view which you want to see.

25. Repeat the pan operations while holding down first the Control key (to increase thepanning speed) and then the Shift key (to decrease the panning speed).

26. Select .

27. Position the cursor in the view area and hold down the middle mouse button, thenmove the mouse slowly up and down. Moving the mouse away from you (up) zooms in, effectively magnifying the view;moving the mouse towards you (down) zooms out, effectively reducing the view. Notethat these operations work by changing the viewing angle (like changing the focallength of a camera lens); they do not change the observers eye-point or the viewdirection.

28. Repeat the zoom operations while holding down first the Control key and then theShift key.

29. Position the cursor at the top of one of the corner columns and click (do not hold down)the middle mouse button. Notice how the view changes so that the picked point is nowat the centre of the view. Whenever you click the middle button, whatever the current12.03:8

manipulation mode, you reset the centre of interest. Set the centre of interest to the

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchygrille in the front wall, then zoom in for a close-up view. You will find this a very usefultechnique when making small adjustments to the design.

30. To restore the original view when you have finished, make sure that your current

element is HVACZONE and click on the Limits CE button, and reselectView>Isometric>Iso 3.

In the next chapter, you will install a simple HVAC ducting network into the structure model.12.03:9

HVAC User GuideDatabase Hierarchy12.03:10

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components4 Routing a Sequence of HVAC Components

In this chapter you will learn: more about how the design data is stored and accessed in PDMS; how to route an HVAC network between the grilles in the structure walls; how to position a selection of HVAC components within the ducting runs.

4.1 HVAC Component Representation in the CatalogueEach HVAC component is represented in the PDMS catalogue by the following types ofdata:

physical shape variables.

4.1.1 HVAC Physical ShapeThe physical shape of a component is defined by a set of geometric primitives.

So that a component can be manipulated and linked to adjacent HVAC items, all principalpoints needed to define the component position, orientation and connectivity are identifiedby uniquely-numbered tags.

These tags, which have both position and direction, are called p-points. Each p-point is identified by a number of the format P0, P1, P2 and so on. P0 always represents the components origin position.

The principal inlet and outlet points are also identified as p-arrive (PA) and p-leave (PL) P1is the same point as p-arrive, and P2 is the same point as p-leave.

4.1.2 HVAC VariablesThe settings of all variables needed to distinguish a component from others with the samegeometry and p-point sets are defined by parameters. The values of these are defined tosuit the specific design requirements.12.04:1

For example, how a rectangular three-way component (or branch connector) might berepresented in the PDMS catalogue is shown:

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components the two curved duct sections form the component geometry set the four p-points form its point set p-point, P3, enables you to control the direction of the branch connection arm when

you incorporate the component into your design.

The dimensions of the component, and other constructional details, are represented in thecatalogue by parameters whose values are set to suit the design requirements.

4.2 Starting the HVAC ApplicationSo far, you have been working in PDMS DESIGNs General application mode, where themenus and facilities available are common to all engineering design disciplines. You cannow start the HVAC-specific application, which tailors the functionality of the PDMS DESIGNmodule to suit the explicit needs of the HVAC designer.

Example continues:

31. Change from the General application to the HVAC application, by selectingDesign>HVAC Designer. The menu bar for the General application is replaced by that for the HVAC application.The menu bars for both applications look very similar, but the latter gives you access tooptions with specific relevance to creating and manipulating HVAC components.

4.3 Setting HVAC DefaultsTo minimise the complexity of this example, you will set some defaults for your HVACDesigner task:

a default detailing specification the format of the HVAC form customised HVAC forms.

4.3.1 Setting a Default Detailing SpecificationThe constructional details of components that you select from the HVAC catalogue aredetermined by the current detailing specification, which is shown on the HVAC applicationmenu bar. The current detailing specification is automatically set to TUTORIAL here.

The TUTORIAL specification gives access to a range of catalogue components that are

P2P0

P3

P1 (P-arrive or PA)

(P-leave or PL)

(origin)(branch connection)12.04:2

suitable for use with this design example. Although you can, if you wish, select a different

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Componentsspecification for each HVAC branch, you will use the same specification throughout theexample.

To view the current detailing specification, you can call the Detailing SpecificationGenerator form from Utilities>Specification Generator.

4.3.2 Choosing the HVAC Form FormatAll the principal functions for creating, positioning, orientating and connecting HVACelements are available from within a single form, the Heating, Ventilation, AirConditioning (HVAC) form (generally referred to as the HVAC form).

The HVAC form has two display formats: the brief form, the default, uses drop-down lists to show the elements available for

selection when you are creating a design.12.04:3

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components the full form uses scrollable lists to show the elements available for selection, and alsooffers more complex positioning options.

It is preferable to use the full form while you are learning about PDMS, so this guide usesexamples of the full form only.

Brief Form (default):

Full Form:12.04:4

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsExample continues:

32. Display the HVAC form by selecting Create>HVAC.33. Display the HVAC Defaults settings form by selecting Settings>Ductwork Defaults.12.04:5

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components34. Select Style>Use Full Form from the HVAC Defaults form menu.

4.3.3 Customising HVAC FormsYou can customise the appearance and behaviour of the forms for creating and modifyingHVAC components. This enables you to modify forms to suit, for example, your preferences,or the type of design work you are doing.

You will apply settings that provide you with the support you need as you learn about theHVAC application.

Example continues:

35. Select Style>Style Options from the HVAC Defaults form menu. 36. On the HVAC Form Style form:

Set the Show Local Views check box. This displays a small 3D graphical viewshowing the current component in its design context.

Set the Local Views Shade check box. This shows local views in colour-shaded(as opposed to wireline) representation.

Set the Show Pixmaps check box. This automatically displays diagrams showingcomponent geometries to help you select items from the catalogue.

Set the Show Forms check box. This displays a create/modify form automaticallywhen you add a new component to the design, so that you can adjust the defaultdimensions and/or orientation as required.

Leave the OK/Cancel Forms check box unset. This gives component create andmodify forms Apply and Dismiss buttons (instead of OK and Cancel buttons), sothat they remain available for repeated use until dismissed explicitly.

37. Click Dismiss.38. Select Control>Close from the HVAC Defaults form menu.

After applying these settings, your screen should look like the following:12.04:6

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components4.4 Creating HVAC Administrative ElementsYou are now ready to create administrative elements which govern the positions ofindividual HVAC components within the database hierarchy. The first elements are:

an HVAC system element an HVAC branch element (the branch head).

4.4.1 Creating an HVAC System Element

Example continues:

39. Make sure that your current element is HVACZONE. 40. In the HVAC form

From Categories, select HVAC / Branches. From Available Types, select HVAC System Element.

41. In the displayed Create HVAC form, enter HTESTHVAC in the HVAC Name text boxand leave the Primary System text box set to No System.

42. Click OK to create the element.

4.4.2 Creating an HVAC Branch ElementThere are two types of HVAC branch element:

main branch 12.04:7

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components side branch.

These differ only in the way they are added to the design: a main branch requires you to position and orientate its head explicitly a side branch takes its head position and orientation from a branch connection point

(P3) on an existing three-way component.

Your first HVAC branch element will be a main branch element, the branch head.

Example continues:

43. In the HVAC form, with Categories still set to HVAC / Branches, select Main BranchElement from Available Types.

44. In the displayed HVAC Main Branch Element form: Enter Branch Name: HTESTB1. Set Branch Head Shape to Rect (rectangular). Set Head Direction to N (this is the direction looking along the ductwork run from

the head position towards the first component). Set the Arrive A dimension, Duct width AA to 1000. Set the Arrive B dimension, Duct depth AB to 500. Set Insulation Thickness to 50mm (this adds 50mm of insulation automatically to

each surface of all components and ducting owned by the branch). Select ID Design PPoint from the Head Start drop-down list.

Your last selection, ID Design PPoint, enables you to specify the position of theBranch Head by picking a p-point. You will pick the p-point at the centre of the holein the front wall of the structure.

45. Leave the HVAC Main Branch Element form as it is, and go to the 3D View.

46. In the 3D View tool bar, click , and zoom in on the hole in the front wall of thestructure.12.04:8

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components47. Now go back to the HVAC Main Branch Element form, and click Apply.You are prompted by the status bar to Identify design ppoint.

48. Position the cursor on the edge of the box representing the hole and press and holddown the left-hand mouse button. The p-points appear as dots. Move the cursor aroundthe box, continuing to hold down the left-hand mouse button. Each time the cursor isover a p-point, the p-point is identified in the status bar.

49. Locate p-point P5 in the centre of the southernmost face of the negative boxrepresenting the hole in the wall, and release the mouse button over it.

50. Dismiss the HVAC Main Branch Element form.You have now defined the branch head.

4.5 Creating HVAC ComponentsStarting at the branch head, you will now build up your HVAC design. You will add individualcomponents sequentially, and position and orientate each of these as you proceed.

You will be creating the following overall HVAC configuration:

Example continues:

51. The first component required is a rectangular straight, to be aligned with the hole in thesouthernmost wall:

N

Branchhead

Branchtail

straight

square bend with deflector vanesfiredamper

radiusedbend

radiusedbend

radiusedbend

firedamper

squareto

round

roundto

square

circularsilencer

three-way connector12.04:9

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsNote: The diagrams used throughout this example are for illustrative purposes only and arenot to scale.

52. In the HVAC form, select Rectangular from the Categories list. 53. In the displayed HVAC Rectangular Ductwork form, click on the Straight diagram in

the top left-hand corner of the palette.

NStraight will becreated here

Straight will bemoved to here

Branch head is here

Branch head will be moved to here12.04:10

Note: The full range of HVAC components palettes is given in HVAC Component Palettes.

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsThis displays the Rectangular Straight form which has data fields for all theparameters needed to define the component. The initial data settings on componentdefinition forms are determined by a set of default values.

Note: Instead of selecting from the palette, it is also possible to display the Straight formby selecting Straight from the Available Types list in the HVAC form. This methodwill be used in preference for the remainder of the design example.

54. To see what the parameters mean in terms of the component geometry, click thePicture button on the form. This displays the HVAC Component form containing adimensioned and annotated diagram showing how the component is defined in thecatalogue.12.04:11

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsCompare the data categories on the Straight form with the diagram, to see how theseare related.

Note: There is a full set of component geometry diagrams in HVAC Catalogue.

55. Close the HVAC Component form.56. Click Apply on the Straight form to accept the default parameters, then click Dismiss.

The rectangular straight is created and positioned with its PA at the branch head, sothat it is inside the structure.To move the straight to the required position, you need to move it south 5000mm anddown 96mm.

57. Go to the Position:- area on the HVAC form. In the text box next to the Move bybutton, enter the required displacement; S5000D96.

58. The straight is moved as soon as you press Return to confirm the data.59. You can check that the straight is in the correct position by selecting

Query>Position>Origin from the main menu bar. The position, shown in an HVACCommand Output window, is: E 3048mm S 5125mm U 3300mm.

60. To reposition the branch head so that it coincides with the PA of the straight, go to thedrop-down lists in the bottom row of the Connect:- area on the HVAC form: Set HVAC Branch to Head Select First Member from the adjacent drop-down list.

This connects (and therefore repositions) the head of the current branch to the PAof the first component, the straight (the only branch member so far).

Note: You could have positioned the branch head here when you first created it, but thiswould have required you to calculate its coordinates explicitly. It is usually easier, ashere, to position a new item relative to an existing design point and then to move itlater.12.04:12

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components61. With the straight selected as the current element, it is possible to make modifications tothe component by clicking Modify CE on the HVAC form to display the RectangularStraight form in the Modify mode. This allows you to edit any or all of the parametersettings as required. Dismiss the form without making any changes.

4.5.1 Creating a Fire DamperThe next step in the construction of your HVAC design is to create a fire damper at theposition where the ducting will pass through the hole in the wall.

Example continues:

62. The last operation made the branch head the current element. Each new component iscreated immediately after the current component in branch list order. So to create acomponent after the straight, you must navigate back to the straight. To do this, click onthe straight in the 3D View.

63. In the HVAC form: from Categories, select Inline Plant Equipment from Available Types, select Rectangular Fire Damper.

64. On the Rectangular Fire Damper form, name the component FD1. Leave all parametersettings at their default values, and click Apply to create the fire damper, then clickDismiss.

4.5.2 Moving the Fire DamperThe fire damper is automatically positioned so that its PA is coincident with the PL of thepreceding straight. You will now move it so that it fits within the wall.12.04:13

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsExample continues:

65. In the Position:- area of the HVAC form, set Through to ID Element. 66. You are prompted to identify an element; pick any part of the southernmost wall.

The fire damper is moved northward along its axis until it lies in the plane of the wall,and you are now no longer able to see the fire damper in the 3D View, because it ishidden within the negative box that represents the hole through the wall.The gap between the straight and the fire damper is filled automatically by a length ofimplied ducting in the 3D View. Note that implied ducting is not shown as an element inthe Design Explorer.

67. Change the 3D View direction to Plan>North, so that your view appears similar to thediagrams shown here.

4.5.3 Creating a Composite ComponentThe HVAC components you have created so far have each been represented by a singlePDMS element. Some HVAC components, however, are composite components,represented by more than one PDMS element.

You must be particularly careful that you are at the correct position in the Design Explorerwhen you want to refer to such a component. The next part of the example shows you howcomposite components are represented within the PDMS hierarchy.

Example continues:

68. Use the HVAC form to create a Rectangular Square Bend: set Leave Direction to W leave all other settings at their default.

69. Click Apply. 70. A message appears warning you that the hierarchy has been affected by the creation

of this component. OK the warning message.71. The bend is created as shown:

N

Fire dampercreated here

Fire dampermoved to here12.04:14

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsThe Design Explorer now shows two new elements: BEND 1 represents the bend ducting SPLR 1 represents the set of air deflectors within the bend (created because a

square bend requires turning vanes).

The message you saw when creating this component was warning you to be careful whenyou attempt to navigate to this component because the component itself comprises morethan one PDMS element.

If you navigate to the square bend simply by picking it with the cursor, you are almost certainto select the element representing the outer ducting. The deflector set that also forms part ofthe component, follows the bend in branch order (as you can see in the Design Explorer).You must make sure that, if you wish to create a component to follow the bend in the branchorder, you must click on the element that represents the deflectors.

To see the deflectors inside the bend, switch the 3D View temporarily to wireline mode(press F8, to toggle between colour-shaded and wireline views).

N

PL ofbend

Note: Implied ducting shown by lightershading than HVAC components in alldiagrams

Branch members:. . .

previous componentbend ducting (BEND)deflector set (SPLR)

next component

. . .

PL

PA12.04:15

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components4.6 Adding more HVAC Components to your Ductwork

4.6.1 Creating a Rectangular Radiused Bend

Example continues:

72. Using the Design Explorer, make sure that the deflector set of the rectangular squarebend (SPLR 1) is your current element.

73. Use the HVAC form to create a Rectangular Radiused Bend: set Inside Radius to 100 set Leave Direction to N leave the defaults for all other settings.

74. Click Apply.

4.6.2 Repositioning the Rectangular Radiused BendYou need to position the new bend in the plane of the westernmost wall.

Example continues:

75. Position the new bend in the plane of the westernmost wall by using Position:-Through set to ID Element on the HVAC form. Pick the wall, or rather, because you areusing a plan view, pick the beam above it.

76. Now move the bend to fit just inside the wall, and downwards so that the ductingleaving it passes under the beam across the structure roof. Enter Position:- Move byE800D150. The result is:

N

Radiused bend

N

Duct to passunder beam

Broken line here showscomponents are now misaligned12.04:16

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components4.6.3 Creating a Rectangular Mitred OffsetBecause you have moved the radiused bend downwards, its inlet (PA) is not verticallyaligned with the outlet (PL) of the preceding component. This is indicated in the 3D View bya broken line between the components, rather than implied ducting. To correct this problem,you will insert a mitred offset section between the two components.

Example continues:

77. Remember that a new component is always added immediately after the currentelement, so navigate back to the deflector set (SPLR1) of the square bend.

78. Create a Rectangular Mitred Offset.79. PDMS has a powerful facility that can calculate the length and amount of offset needed

to fit the new component automatically into the available space. Simply click the Fitbutton on the Mitred Offset form. The calculated data is entered into the parameterdata fields: note, for example, that the A Offset is now set to 150.You may wish to zoom in close to the mitred offset and view it from different angles tosee how it has been adjusted to fit between the two bends.

4.6.4 Creating a Second Rectangular Radiused Bend

Example continues:

80. Navigate back to the last component in the branch, the radiused bend. 81. Create a second radiused bend with:

the default Inside Radius (0.5 means 0.5 x duct width) Leave Direction E, in the following position:

N

New bendhere12.04:17

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components82. Position the bend in the plane of the northernmost wall (use Through : ID Element andpick the wall or beam above it).

83. Move the bend South by 1500mm (use Move by : S1500).

4.6.5 Adding a Circular Section SilencerTo include a circular section silencer in your rectangular ductwork, you need atransformation piece either side of the silencer.

Example continues:

84. In the HVAC form: from Categories, select Transformations from Available Types, select Square to Round In the Square to Round Transformation form:

set Duct Diameter to 750.85. Position the transformation piece in line with the first beam reached in the branch-

creation direction, shown striped in the preceding diagram

86. Move the transformation piece 300mm East.87. Back in the HVAC form:

from Categories, select Inline Plant Equipment from Available Types, select Circular Silencer In the Circular Silencer form:

name the component SILE1 set Outer Diameter to 950.

You will now add another transformation piece to revert back to rectangularducting. However, instead of specifying this from first principles, you will createa copy of the existing transformation piece, and reverse it to achieve the desiredround-to-square result.

88. On the HVAC form, click the Copy ID button. When prompted, pick the square-to-roundtransformation that you want to copy.

89. On the Square to Round Transformation form, set the Flip Circ/Rect option to Yes.This interchanges the PA and PL points reversing the components direction. Your HVAC layout now looks as shown:12.04:18

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC Components4.6.6 Adding a Three-way Component and Terminating the BranchA three-way component enables you to connect one branch to another. You will need athree-way component so that you can connect a side branch into your existing main branchlater in the design example.

Example continues:

To create a three-way component:

90. In the HVAC form: from Categories, select Rectangular from Available Types, select Square Threeway In the Square Threeway form:

set Duct Width LA (leave A dimension) to 800 set Second Width (for the branch connection) to 800 set Leave Direction to S.

You require a gap of 1500mm between the three-way component and thepreceding component (the round-to-square transformation). The Distanceoperation on the HVAC form enables you to do this by allowing you to specifythe gap between the PL of one component and the PA of the next, therebyavoiding the need for you to calculate the movement required to reposition it.

91. Move the three-way component along the branch axis by setting Distance to 1500. 92. You can make sure that the gap is correct; navigate back to the round-to-square

transformation and select Query>Gap to next from the main menu bar.93. Return to the square three-way component and create a Rectangular Radiused Bend

with default dimensions and Leave Direction East. 94. Align the bend with the hole in the easternmost wall using the Through : ID Element

option. Pick the edge of the box outline on this wall.

N

Squareto round

Round tosquare

Circularsilencer12.04:19

HVAC User GuideRouting a Sequence of HVAC ComponentsNote: The current branch direction (the PL direction of the previous component) waschanged to South by the three-way item, so the bend moves south until it is alignedwith the picked element.

95. Create a second Rectangular Fire Damper, give it the name FD2, and position itthrough the hole in the easternmost wall.

4.6.7 Defining the Branch TailYou complete the definition of your main branch by defining the branch tail.

Example continues:

96. Connect the Branch Tail to the fire damper (the last member of the branch): Select Tail from the HVAC Branch drop-down list in the Connect:- area at the foot

of the HVAC form. Select Last Member from the adjacent drop-down list.This uses the same method that you used to connect the branch head.The final HVAC configuration is shown:

97. Save your design changes.That completes the creation of your main branch. In the next chapter, you will add some sidebranches and employ a convenient utility for representing ceiling tiles which incorporateventilation grilles. You will also replace all of the implied ducting with appropriate standardstraights.

N

Branchhead

Branchtail

straight

square bend (inc.deflector vanes)

firedamper

verticaloffset

radiusedbend

radiusedbend

radiusedbend

firedamper

squareto

round

roundto

square

circularsilencer

threewayconnector

1500

unconnected P3ready to attach aside branch12.04:20

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC Model5 Adding to the HVAC Model

In the last chapter you created a sequence of components to form the main branch of yourHVAC ductwork. In this chapter you will:

learn how to position tiles using a working grid extend your model by adding some side branches.

5.1 Grid/Tiling UtilityYou begin by using some facilities for setting out a working grid and positioning ceiling tileswithin it, so that you can then use these tiles as references for positioning HVAC grilles.

With reference to your existing design model, the next part of the HVAC ducting networkwhich you are going to design will feed two ceiling grilles above the small room in the north-east corner of the structure. In order to position these grilles, you will use a facility which letsyou set out a horizontal grid and a ceiling tile layout based on a specified datum point.

There are three stages to tiling: Specify a setting-out point (SOP) to represent the datum from which grid line

positions are to be calculated. Create grid lines at specified intervals, referenced from the SOP, in a horizontal plane. Add tiles at specified positions in the plane of the grid.

Example continues:

Note: If your screen is cluttered, you may wish to dock the HVAC form to one side of thewindow and then unpin it.

98. Navigate to the zone which owns the design model, HVACZONE. The grid/tiles arecreated below this hierarchic level.

99. From the main menu bar, select Utilities>HVAC Tiles/Grid Layout>Setting OutPoint. This displays the HVAC Grid Setting Out Point form: Enter S.O.P. Name: HTESTSOP1. Enter Setting Out Point Height: 2700 (the elevation of the ceiling in which you will

eventually position the grilles).12.05:1

Click OK.You are prompted to pick the SOP position using the cursor in a plan view. You want to position the SOP at the exact centre of the rooms ceiling. Rather thantrying to pick this point precisely, you will pick a random point in the ceiling plane asthe SOP, and then move this point to the exact position required.

100. Pick a point.

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC Model101. To move this point to the centre of the room, select Position>Explicitly (AT) from themain menu bar. Enter the coordinates E15000 N9000 U2700 on the Explicit Positionform. The SOP appears in the 3D View as a small sphere, and is represented by a DISHelement in the PDMS hierarchy.

102. You next define a grid in the plane of the ceiling (a horizontal reference grid) throughthe SOP datum, with the grid lines spaced out from the SOP in both directions.Select Utilities>HVAC Tiles/Grid Layout>Grid from S.O.P.. This displays the HVACLayout Grid from SOP form.Leave the East/West and North/South Grid Spacing separations set to the default of600.

103. Click OK. You might be prompted to identify the SOP from which the grid line positionsare calculated (unless it is already the current element): if so, pick the SOP which youhave just created. You must now define the horizontal rectangular area whichrepresents the grid boundaries. You are prompted to pick first the south-west cornerand then the north-east corner in a plan view. Pick the corresponding corners of theroom (the intersections of the beams at these corners).Since your room is 6000x6000mm, the 600mm grid line spacing gives you 10 gridsquares in each direction within the ceiling area.

Note: If the room was not rectangular, you could build up an overall grid by using abuttingrectangles based on separate setting-out points. Also note that in reality the ceilinggrid will probably be modelled by another discipline using the latest PDMSaccommodation ceiling grid functionality. The same applies to any structure createdin the model, where the structure in a real model would be modelled not as primitivesbut as walls, floors and steel sections etc.

To complete this part of the example, you create two tiles in the ceiling grid where youwant to install HVAC grilles (as shown by the shaded and striped grid squares in thepreceding diagram).

104. Select Utilities>HVAC Tiles/Grid Layout>Apply Tiles in Grid. This displays theHVAC Apply Tiles in Grid form.Leave the East/West and North/South Tile Width dimensions set to the default of600. (They do not have to be the same size as the grid squares, but are usually so inpractice.)

105. Click OK.

N

= S.O.P.

Pick SWcorner first

Pick NEcornersecond

= Tiles to be added12.05:2

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC ModelYou are prompted to identify the SOP with the grid for to positioning the tiles. Eventhough there is only one, pick the SOP to confirm your intentions.You are now prompted to identify the locations at which you want to insert tiles.

106. Pick the grid squares marked and in the above diagram (the picked pointssnap to the nearest half tile, so you dont need to be too precise). Then press theEscape key to indicate that you have finished adding tiles.

5.2 Creating Side BranchesYou next want to create a side branch which runs from a start point on the main branch andwhich passes between the tile positions. You then add two more side branches, eachrunning from a point on the first side branch to the tile positions (remember that you need aseparate branch for each length of ducting between two points).

The ducting network is completed by adding a fourth side branch, leading to an angledoutlet mesh, from the unconnected arm of the square three-way component.

To start with, you must insert a suitable connector into the main branch so that you have apoint to which you can connect the side branch head.

Example continues:

107. Navigate to the existing three-way item. You will insert another branch connectorimmediately after it in the branch sequence.

108. If you unpinned it earlier, re-display the HVAC form by hovering over the HVAC tab.109. Use the HVAC form to create the next component:

from Categories, select Branch Connectors from Available Types, select Flat Oval A Boot. set Boot Width to 610 set Boot Depth to 152 set B Offset to 100 set Boot Direction to E.

110. Click Apply.

N

P3 of boot connectoraligned with SOPBoot connector with

flat oval side outlet

P3

P312.05:3

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC ModelYou want the oval ducting to pass along the centreline of the ceiling, so position thecurrent component so that its outlet is aligned with the SOP datum at the ceilingscentre. (using the Through : ID Element facility on the HVAC form):

111. In the HVAC form: from Categories, select HVAC / Branches from Available Types, select Side Branch (off main).

112. In the HVAC Side Branch form:

Set Branch Name to HTESTB1.1 (showing that it is a side branch of main branchHTESTB1)

Leave Specification set to the current default (the same specification as the mainbranch)

Set Insulation Thickness to 50mm Leave Insulation Spec set to the current default (CADCHVACISPEC) Because you are creating a side branch, it is assumed that you will connect its head

to a free P3 point on an existing component. Set the Connect Head to optionbutton to Branch Connector to show the type of component to which this connectionis made.

Click Apply. When prompted, pick the flat oval boot connector.

Note: You can pick any part of the component; the new branch head will always beconnected to its P3 point.)

113. Create a Flat Oval Straight as the first member of the new side branch. Set its WidthDirection to N.You are now going to create two circular boot connectors from which to route outlets tothe two tile positions. You create these and position them before you create the secondstraight to which they are connected, so that the boots can be positioned relative to thetiles and the length of the straight can then be adjusted to suit the boot positions.

114. Make the oval straight as current element.115. In the HVAC form:

from Categories, select Branch Connectors12.05:4

from Available Types, select Circular Boot

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC Model In the Circular Boot form: set Boot Diameter to 150 set Inner Extension to 76 set Dist from Leave to 100 leave Boot Direction set to N.

This boot is positioned 100mm back from the PL of the straight on which it ismounted (which is only implied at this stage).

116. Move the boot so that it is aligned through the northernmost tile (shown as in thediagrams).

117. Create a second circular boot as follows: from Categories, select Branch Connectors from Available Types, select Circular Boot set Boot Diameter to 150 set Inner Extension to 76 set Dist from Leave to 700 set Boot Direction to S.

This Dist from Leave dimension positions the boot 700mm back from the PL of theprevious boot. Since the previous boot was set back 100mm from its PL, thedifference between the boot positions corresponds to the 600mm offset betweenthe two tile positions. The result is as follows:

You can now replace the implied ducting between the circular boots with a straightcomponent. Because the boots are subcomponents, you must first navigate back tothe existing straight in this side branch.

118. Navigate back two positions (to STRT1 in HTESTB1.1) in the Design Explorer. 119. Create a second Flat Oval Straight, and use the Fit button to achieve the required

length between the PL of the first straight and the PL of each circular boot. The calculated Length is 2525.

120. To complete this first side branch, add a cap to close the end of the last straight;navigate to the last component of HTESTB1.1 in the Design Explorer (thesouthernmost circular boot) and create a Flat Oval Cap End. (Remember that the PL of this boot is as shown in the above diagram, and not withinthe boot volume itself, so that the cap should be positioned correctly and appear in the

N

100

700ovalboot

first circular boot

second circular boot

PLs of bothcircular bootsare here

mainbranch

sidebranch

straight

tile

tile12.05:5

correct list order.)

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC Model121. Connect the HVAC Branch Tail to the Last Member of the branch (the cap).Your second side branch will run from the northernmost circular boot to a grille in theadjacent tile.

122. Navigate to the first side branch (HTESTB1.1) and create a new side branch namedHTESTB1.1.1 with 50mm insulation thickness. Connect the head of the new sidebranch to the circular boot connector.

123. Create a Circular Straight with Length set to 750. 124. To see what types of leave joint are available, click the Choose button next to the

Leajoint field. From the resulting Choose Joint form, select Male Socket & SpigotJoint and click OK. The Leajoint field is updated to show MALE.

125. Create a Circular Internal Damper with default settings.126. Create a Circular Flexible Bend with its Leave Direction set to D (down). Position the

bend so that it is aligned through the appropriate tile. (You will adjust the dimensions ofthis bend later in the example.)

127. Use the HVAC form to create a circular to rectangular spigot box: from Categories, select Transformations from Available Types, choose a circular to rectangular spigot box by selecting

Spigot Box. Set the following parameters:

Duct width LA = 300 Duct depth LB = 300 Rectangular Box Height = 75 Circ Extension = 50 Circ Jnt = MALE.

128. From the Inline Plant Equipment category, create a Rectangular Grille in line. Set theparameters as follows: Name = GRIL1 End width = 400 End depth = 400 Grille Length = 50 A Extension = 0

You want the grille to fit within the tile volume, so from the Position:- At drop-downlist on the HVAC form, select the option ID Element and, when prompted, pick thetile. The origin of the grille is positioned at the origin of the tile.

Note: At this stage the PL of the spigot box and the PA of the grille have becomemisaligned, so you see a broken line between them rather than a length of impliedducting.)

Having positioned the grille correctly, you will now go back along the current sidebranch and adjust the other components to fit, starting with the spigot box, which youwill position directly on top of the grille.

129. Navigate to the spigot box (PLEN 1 in the Design Explorer).130. Select Position:- At : Next from the HVAC form positioning options.131. Navigate to the flexible bend and click the Modify CE button on the HVAC form so that

you can adjust the dimensions of the flexible bend so that it fits correctly between theinternal damper (at its PA) and the spigot box (at its PL). 12.05:6

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC Model132. Click the Fit button on the Circular Flexible Bend form to recalculate the dimensionsnecessary for a correct fit. (The calculated Arrive Extension becomes 120 and theLeave Extension 225.)

133. Complete the definition of the side branch by connecting its tail to the grille. Looking towards the west, the side branch HTESTB1.1.1 now looks like this:

134. Use the method given above to create a similar side branch, named HTESTB1.1.2,from the second circular boot to a grille (GRIL2) positioned in the other tile. (Rememberto navigate up to the level of branch HTESTB1.1 first.)The overall layout of the HVAC ducting in the vicinity of the room now looks like this(the different shades in this diagram show the branch hierarchy):

You can now complete the network by connecting an angled outlet grille to the side armof the square three-way component (top left in the preceding diagram). To do so, youmust create a fourth side branch.

135. Navigate to the three-way connector. 136. Create a side branch named HTESTB1.2 with insulation thickness 50mm. Set the

Connect Head to option button on the HVAC Side Branch form to Threeway Item and,when prompted, pick the three-way component.

137. Create a Rectangular Radiused Bend.

N

main branch/HTESTB.1

side branch/HTESTB1.1 side branch/HTESTB1.1.1

side/HTESTB1.1.2

fourth side branch will go here12.05:7

HVAC User GuideAdding to the HVAC Model138. Because you want the bend to turn in the B direction (click the Picture button forclarification), click the Transpose width/depth button. The Duct width AA becomes500 and the Duct depth AB becomes 800.

139. Set the Angle to 135, the Inside Radius to 100, and the Leave Direction to D.140. Create a Rectangular Radiused Splitter which fits inside the bend (it is a subcomponent

of the bend). Set the Splitter Radius to 200. If you are using a colour-shaded view,switch to wireline mode (F8 key) to see the splitter.

141. Create a Rectangular Mesh End, using default settings, to complete the branch.Connect the branch tail to the last member in the usual way.This side branch now has the following configuration (looking towards the East):

To complete the network, you insert two sets of air turning vanes into the square three-way component to control the air flows (similar to those which you saw in the squarebend).

142. Navigate to the square three-way component and switch to wireline view (if not alreadyset) so that you can see what happens next.

143. Create the first set of Rectangular Turning Vanes. Change the Duct Width AA to 500and leave the other settings at their defaults. Note in particular that the Leave Throat is150 and that the Direction towards leave option button is selected.

144. Create a second set of Rectangular Turning Vanes. This time set the Duct Width AA to500, the Leave Throat to 650 and select the Direction opposite leave option button.The result, and the significance of the settings used, are illustrated.

This completes the conceptual design of the basic HVAC network. In the next chapter youlook at some ways in which you can enhance this design further.

135radiusedbend

radiusedsplitter

mesh end

main branch

squarethreeway

HeadTail

PA and PL of both deflectors

P3 of three-way

150 from leave throat

650 from leave throat

Direction opposite leave(second set)

Direction towards leave(first set)12.05:8

HVAC User GuideCompleting the Design6 Completing the Design

In this chapter you look at some facilities for enhancing the basic HVAC design model. Themain features described are:

Automatic replacement of implied ducting in gaps by catalogue straights. Automatic addition of stiffening flanges to ductwork items. Automatic item numbering of HVAC components.

6.1 Filling Ductwork Gaps AutomaticallyWhen you created the main branch, HTESTB1, you concentrated on specifying componentswith specific functions, such as bends, side connection points, silencers and dampers. Mostof the gaps between these components were left undefined and were filled by lengths ofimplied ducting to complete the representation shown in the 3D View.

To enable the design to be prefabricated, it is necessary to specify the fixed lengths ofductwork (ductwork straights) required between these components, so that a full materialtake-off list can be generated. The HVAC application is able to calculate the optimumcombination of standard and non-standard straights needed to fill each gap and then createthe corresponding components in the Design database automatically.

Example continues:

145. Navigate to the main branch HTESTB1. 146. To identify what gaps exist in the branch, select Utilities>Autofill with

Straights>Show Gaps. 147. Click Apply on the Highlight Implied Ductwork form.

For each gap in the named branch, the scrollable list area of the form shows the: location (the preceding component) length calculated combination of straights needed to fill it.

All corresponding lengths of implied ducting are highlighted simultaneously in the3D View. 12.06:1

The HTESTB1 list shows seven gaps:

HVAC User GuideCompleting the DesignCompare this list with the items highlighted in the 3D View:12.06:2

HVAC User GuideCompleting the Design148. Make sure you are still at HTESTB1, then select Utilities>Autofill with Straights>FillGaps. This displays the Autofill with Straights form.

149. Click Apply. A list of all identified gaps, is again displayed as before, but this time the specifiedstraight lengths are created automatically to replace the implied ducting. Look at theDesign Explorer to see the new elements.

150. To make sure that the autofilling operation was carried out correctly, repeat theappropriate previous steps to display the Highlight Implied Ductwork form. The message No Gaps To Show confirms this. There is no need to dismiss the formimmediately because you still need to make sure that there are no gaps in any of thefour side branches.

151. To do so, navigate to each in turn, click the CE button at the top of the HighlightImplied Ductwork form, then click the Apply button. In each case you should see theNo Gaps To Show message. (If not, go back and correct any errors in your designbefore proceeding.)

6.2 Adding Stiffening FlangesPDMS provides a utility for calculating the optimum numbers and positions of stiffeningflanges needed to support ductwork items. The configuration of the flanges is tailored to suitthe component geometry in each case. You can then create and position such flangesautomatically.

Note that, in the branch membership hierarchy, they are treated as subcomponents of thestraight.12.06:3

HVAC User GuideCompleting the DesignExample continues:

152. Add flanges to your ductwork in branch order, starting at the branch head; navigate tothe first straight in the main branch (the southernmost straight) to make it the currentelement.

153. Use the HVAC form to calculate the number of stiffeners needed for this length ofducting: from Categories, select Rectangular from Available Types, choose Stiffening.

The stiffening requirements are calculated, and displayed in the RectangularStiffening form. As you can see, PDMS calculates that this component has a SpecRequirement of 5 stiffening flanges.

154. To create all five stiffening flanges, click the Apply the Spec Requirement button. Theflanges are created and positioned automatically.

155. Navigate to the next straight and stiffen it in the same way; this straight is shorter, andrequires only four flanges.12.06:4

156. Proceeding along the branch, add stiffeners in turn to the:

HVAC User GuideCompleting the Design square bend mitred offset radiused bend.

The stiffening flanges are configured to suit each different component shape.

Note: Different shading identifies individual components; heaviest lines show flangesjoining components together.

6.3 Automatic Item Numbering and NamingThe item numbering facility automatically allocates sequential item numbers to all HVACcomponents and gives each item a name of the format /PREFIXnumber, where /PREFIX isa user-definable string and number is the allocated number. Subcomponents (air deflectors,stiffening flanges and so on) are numbered as decimalised subsets of their owningcomponents.

Inline plant items, which are usually named, do not have their names changed.

Nfirst straight(5 stiffeners)

second straight(4 stiffeners)

square bend(4 stiffeners)

fire damper

radiused bend(2 stiffeners)

mitred vertical offset(1 stiffener)12.06:5

HVAC User GuideCompleting the DesignExample continues:

157. To autonumber all HVAC items in your current design