Tenses Present ProgressivePast ProgressiveFuture Progressive •Present Perfect

•Past Perfect•Future Perfect

Present Perfect ProgressivePast Perfect ProgressiveFuture Perfect Progressive

15th February 20115th HourI B ComGolden Jubilee Hall

Progressive Tenses

•Present Progressive Tense•Past Progressive Tense•Future progressive Tense

Present Progressive Tense

Present Progressive TenseI am reading book nowWe are reading book nowYou are reading book nowThey are reading book nowHe is reading book nowShe is reading book nowIt is reading book nowSam is reading book nowMala is reading book now

Uses of Present Progressive Tense 1For an action going on at the time of

speakingExamples:She is singing now.He is playing cricket now.They are eating biscuits.I am drinking coffee now.What are you doing now?

Uses of Present Progressive Tense 2For a temporary action which may not be

actually happening at the time of speaking.Examples:I am reading David Copperfield[not reading at

this moment]I am watching TV[not now]He is playing violin[not now]She is reading[now not reading]

Uses of Present Progressive Tense 3For an action that is planned or arranged to

take place in the near future.Examples:I am going to the cinema tonight.His uncle is arriving tomorrowHer friend is leaving tonight.They are coming tomorrowWill you be coming tomorrow?

Uses of Present Progressive Tense 4For referring to the habit which continues

for long in spite of warning or advice we use present progressive tense.

We use present progressive with an adverb like always, continually, constantly.

Examples:Ram is so adamant; he is constantly going late

to bed in spite of his father’s advice.Sam is so casual; he is coming to college late in

spite of the principal’s warning.

Verbs Not Used in Progressive Form 1The following verbs are not normally used in

the continuous form:1.Verbs of Perception:

- see- hear- smell- notice- recognize

Verbs Not Used in Progressive Form 22. Verbs of appearing

- appear - look- seem

Verbs Not Used in Progressive Form 33. Verbs of emotion

- want- wish- desire- feel- like- love- hate- hope- refuse- prefer

Verbs Not Used in Progressive Form 44. Verbs of thinking:

- think- suppose- believe- agree- consider- trust- remember- forget- know- understand- imagine- mean- mind

Verbs Not Used in Progressive Form 55. Have[Possess]

-possess-own- belong to- contain- consist of

Summing upFor an action going on at the time of speakingFor a temporary action which may not be

actually happening at the time of speaking.For an action that is planned or arranged to

take place in the near future.For referring to the habit which continues for

long in spite of warning or advice we use present progressive tense.

We use present progressive with an adverb like always, continually, constantly.

Some verbs are not used in present progressive tense, they are used in simple present

Past Progressive Tense

Past Progressive TenseThe light went out while I was reading.The power went off while we were watching

TV.Were you listening to the radio all evening?They were getting tired.When I saw him, he was playing chess.When Tom saw Jenie, she was cooking food.It was getting darker

Uses of Past Progressive Tense 1Used to denote an action going on at some

time in the pastIn the middle of somethingTime of the action may or may not be

indicatedExamples: We were listening to the radio all eveningWe were playing cardsThe Power went off while I was drawing pictureI was walking home when I met Dave

Uses of Past Progressive Tense 2It is also used with always, continually for

persistent habits in the past.Examples:He was always smoking. [now he stopped

smoking]He was always grumbling. [now he stopped]He was always quarrelsome. [ now he is not

so]He was always late to school. [now he is

punctual]

Summing UpUsed to denote an action going on at some

time in the pastIn the middle of somethingTime of the action may or may not be

indicatedIt is also used with always, continually for

persistent habits in the past.

Future Progressive Tense

Future Progressive TenseI shall be reading the paper then.We shall be reaching home thenWill you be staying here till Sunday?They will be meeting us next week.He will be staying here till Monday.She will be meeting us tomorrowIt will be getting darker after sometime.

Uses of Future Progressive Tense 1The future progressive denotes an action as

going on at some time in futureExamples:When I get home, my children will be playingWill you be using your bicycle this evening?At 10’ 0 clock tomorrow she will be working in

her office.

Uses of Future Progressive Tense 2This tense is also used for future action that

is plannedExamplesI shall be staying here still Sunday .We shall be meeting you after two days.You will be leaving next week, I suppose.They will be reaching their home next week.

Summing UpThe future progressive denotes an action as

going on at some time in futureThis tense is also used for future action that

is planned

Perfect Tenses

Present Perfect TensePast Perfect TenseFuture Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect TenseI have just entered.We have just reached the ground.You have already gone there, I suppose.He has not left yet.She has reached home just now.It has just struck ten.

Uses of Present Perfect Tense 1To indicate completed activities in the

immediate pastExamples:He has just gone out.It has just struck 10.The train has just arrived.Ram has come just now

Uses of Present Perfect Tense 2To express past actions whose time is not

given and not definite.Examples:Have you read Sherlock Holmes?I have never known him to be angry.Mr. Pari has been to Japan.Mala has been to Canada.

Uses of Present Perfect Tense 3To describe past events when we think more

of their effect in the present timeExamples:Tom has eaten all the biscuits.[nothing left

now]I have cut my finger.[it is bleeding now]I have finished my work.[now I am free]

Uses Present Perfect Tense 4To denote an action beginning at some time

in the past and continuing up to the present moment.

Examples:I have known him for a long time.He has been ill since last week.We have lived here for ten years.We haven’t seen Kala for several months.

Summing UpTo indicate completed activities in the

immediate pastTo express past actions whose time is not

given and not definite.To describe past events when we think more

of their effect in the present timeTo denote an action beginning at some time

in the past and continuing up to the present moment.

Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect TenseI had written the letter before he arrived.We had reached the station before the train

arrived.You had reached the house before it was darkThey had entered the hall before it was closedHe had reached the school before the bell rang.She reached the station after the train had left.It stopped barking after the thief had left

Uses of Past Perfect Tense 1 The past perfect describes an action

completed before a certain moment in the past.

Example:I met him in Paris in 1970. I had seen him last

five years before.

Uses of Past Perfect Tense 2If two actions happened in the past with first

action we use past perfect and with second action we use simple past.

Examples:I had posted the letter before he arrived.

Summing UpThe past perfect describes an action

completed before a certain moment in the past.

If two actions happened in the past with first action we use past perfect and with second action we use simple past.

Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense I shall have written my exercise by that time.We shall have finished our homework by that

time.You will have reached your home by that

time.He will have completed his studies by that

time.She will have ended her career by that time.It will have landed in London by that time.

Future Perfect Tense is UsedTo indicate the completion of an action by a

certain future time.Examples:Before you go to see him he will have left the

place.

Perfect Progressive Tenses

Present Perfect Progressive TensePast Perfect Progressive TenseFuture Perfect Progressive Tense

Present Perfect Progressive TenseI have been sleeping for five hours.We have been playing for five hours.You have been reading for five hours.They have been sleeping for five hoursHe has been sleeping for five hours.She has been reading for five hours.It has been barking for ten minutes.

Present Perfect Progressive Tense is UsedFor an action which began at some time in

the past and is still continuing.Example:They have been building the bridge for several

months.

Past Perfect Progressive TenseAt that time I had been writing a novel for two

months.At that time we had been producing a film for three

months.At that time you had been working in a bank for six

months.At that time they had been playing for few weeks.At that time he had been working in a bank.At that time she had been working in a school.At that time it had been staying in a wealthy house

for few weeks.

Past Perfect Progressive Tense is UsedFor an action that began before a certain

point in the past and continued up to that time.

Example:At that time you had been working in a bank

for six months.

Future Perfect Progressive TenseBy next may I shall have been living here for two years.By next may we shall have been living here for two

years.By next may you will have been living here for two years.By next may they will have been living here for two

years.By next may he will have been living here for two years.By next may she will have been living here for two years.By next may it will have been living here for two years.

Future Perfect Progressive Tense is UsedTo represent an action as being in progress

over a period of time that will end in the future.

Example:When he gets his degree, he will have been

studying at Oxford for four years.

The End