i-mode technology
DESCRIPTION
I-mode is a mobile internet (as opposed to wireless internet) service popular in Japan. Unlike Wireless Application Protocol or WAP, i-mode encompasses a wider variety of internet standards, including web access-mail and the packet-switched network that delivers the data. I-mode users have access to various services such as e-mail, sports results, weather forecast, games, financial services and ticket booking. Content is provided by specialized services, typically from the mobile carrier, which allows them to have tighter control over billing. Like WAP, i-mode delivers only those services that are specifically converted for the service, or are converted through gateways. This has placed both systems at a disadvantage against handsets that use "real" browser software, and generally use a flat pricing structure for data. Even I-mode's creator, Takeshi Natsuno, has stated "I believe the Linksys iPhone (a phone that uses the traditional TCP/IP model) is closer to the mobile phone of the future, compared with the latest Japanese mobile phones."TRANSCRIPT
Presentation on
Presented By Arun P Raju
contents• History of i mode• What is i mode?• Architecture• How i mode works?• i mode Security• Business Model• i mode Services• i mode Users• Comparison with WAP• Advantages of i mode• Conclusion
i mode - Historyi-mode was launched in Japan on 22 February1999 by NTT DoCoMo. The content planning and service design team was led by Mari Matsunaga, while Takeshi Natsuno was responsible for the business development.
Further Developments:
Dec. 1999 i-mode compatible handsets with color screens were marketed Jan. 2001 i-appli service launched Jul. 2001 i-area service launchedNov. 2001 i-motion service launchedJun. 2002 i-shot service launched Jan. 2003 i-motion mail service launchedSep. 2005 i-channel service launchedOct. 2006 keyword search service for i-mode launched
Mari Matsunaga Takeshi Natsuno
I-mode is a wireless internet service popular in Japan. Unlike WAP, i-mode encompasses a wider variety of internet standards, including web access, e-mail and the packet-switched network that delivers the data. i-mode users have access to various services such as e-mail, sports results, weather forecast, games, financial services and ticket booking. Content is provided by specialized services, typically from the mobile carrier, which allows them to have tighter control over billing.
What is i mode???
Architecture
PacketNetwork(PDC-P)
Communication
Network(PDC)
iModeServe
r
GroupwareServer
PSTN
Info.Provid
erHTTP/TCP/IP Leased Line
Internet
Info.Provid
erInfo.
Provider
PC
PC
HTTP/TCP/IP
i mode ServerThe i-mode server is a regular Web server. It can reside at NTT DoCoMo or at the Enterprise. DoCoMo has been acting as a portal and so “normally” maintains the iMode server. For future implementations with advancedsecurity requirements, it is possible to host the iMode server at the Enterprise.
• Functions:o Internet
AccessProxyo Mail Storageo User
Managemento Information
charging
(Packet PDC-P) Personal Digital Cellular-Packet
i-mode provides Internet service using Personal Digital Cellular-Packet (PDC-P) and a subset of HTML 3.0 for content description.
i-mode allows application/content providers to distribute software (Java applets) to cellular phones and also allows users to download applets (e.g., games) the communication and is carried over TCP/IP for the wired part of the communication.
.
Protocols• TLP (Transport Layer Protocol)
o Improved efficiency in PDC-P network over TCP (uses fewer packets to save charges)
o Higher data packet ratio• ALP (Application Layer Protocol )
o Supports both pull (HTTP) and push style communicationo Direct HTTP communication between mobile phone and i-mode
server• UITP (User Information Transfer Protocol) sends subscriber information
from PDC-P network to iMode server• NWMP (Network Management Protocol) performs signaling
o Start/end of packet communicationo E.g. email delivery, push content notification
TelephonyFunction
HTMLALP (Application Layer
Protocol)TLP (Transport Layer Protocol)
PDC-PPDC
Mail ALP (Application Layer Protocol)
IP
TCP
iModeServer
How does i-Mode work?•The i-Mode service uses an additional packet communication network that is built onto DoCoMo's main network. •This packet data transmission technology allows for constant connectivity.Thus, users are not charged for how long they are online, since this time is unlimited. There are essentially 4 main components that are required for the i-Mode service.
1)A cellular phone capable of voice and packet communication and with a browser installed. 2)A packet network. 3)An i-mode server.
4) information providers.
SecurityIssues1.Security of the radio link between i-mode handset and the cellular base station.
2. Password security
3. Security of private networks on i-mode. 4. Security of private network links between the i-mode center and special service providers such as banks.
i-mode Related Servicesi-appli: i-mode with Java This service group consists of software (programs) used with i-mode compatible mobile phone terminals.
Downloading the software makes it possible automatically update the news and weather forecast displays as well as to play new games.
i-area: Location Based Service This is DOCOMO's location information service. The i-area service enables the user to check the weather forecast, traffic and store information and other convenient information for local areas as well as the map information to the user's current location.
i mode Users
i-mode was launched in the following countries:
Australia BelgiumBulgaria France
GermanyGreece
Hong Kong Israel IrelandItaly
Netherlands Russia
RomaniaSingapore
Spain Taiwan
UK
WAP• Specification for presenting
and interacting with information on wireless
• Sites based on new WML• 39% of world’s wireless
internet users• Usually used over circuit
switched connections• Services business-oriented,
work-oriented• Anyone can produce
content, content menus
iMode• Wireless internet service
(could be deployed over WAP)
• Sites based on HTML (cHTML)
• 60% of world’s wireless internet users
• Usually used over packet switched connections
• Services user-oriented, fun-oriented
• Anyone can produce content, DoCoMo operates content menus
Comparison b/w i mode and WAP
I-mode Mobile PhonesI-mode Mobile Phones
Currently an i-mode device is an equivalent of a very low-end computer
Additional buttons : directional, select and the i button.
Must have an iHTML browser.Menu based interface (i-Menu)Try typing in a URL => It’s not
easy!
A Look at an i-mode Device
SIZE: -Using an i-mode phone, you can send and receive e-mail message with up to 250(double-byte) Japanese characters or 500 Latin characters in the body of your messages, including spaces (total allowed size: 500 bytes).
SPEED: -i-mode phones transmit data at a speed of 9.6kbps
SITES: -The most popular i-mode sites are by far entertainment-related sites where you can download character images and ringing tones, play games, read your horoscope. Other popular services include weather information and news-related sites.
COST: -Your bill will depend on how much you use i-mode on your phone.There is a basic fee of 300 yen per month to access i-mode service. When you actually use I-mode to surf websites and send or receive email, you are charged 0.3 yen per packet (128 bytes) of transferred data
AdvantagesWireless internet service (could be deployed over WAP)
Sites based on HTML (cHTML)
60% of world’s wireless internet usersUsually used over packet switched connections
Services user-oriented, fun-orientedAnyone can produce content, DoCoMo operates content menus
DisadvantagesSmall display size
Spotty coverage (tunnels, near buildings)
Low bandwidth (wireless)
Conclusioni-mode phones are very good features, in future, using i-mode phones we can always connect internet.
The packet data transmission technology allows for constant connectively therefore users are not charged for how long they are online, since this time is unlimited.
Questions 1.What is i-mode?2.TLP stands for3.Comparison b/w i-mode & wap?4.What is the disadvantage of i-mode?5.Functions of i-mode server