8/8/2019 IB History - The Second World War

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ib-history-the-second-world-war 1/3

Allon Posen

The Second World War

N ew Weapons of War

y Airplaneso St ra t egic bomberso F igh t ers

y T anksy M o t orized Ar t illery

Yalta Conference, Feb 1945

y St alin, Churchill and FDR agree:o Libera t ed European na t ions should have democra t ic, independen t governmen t so G ermany would be divided in t o four zones, each occupier would t ake $20 billion

in repara t ionso U SS R would ge t eas t ern Poland, Poland would t ake some of eas t ern G ermanyo A U nit ed Na t ions Organiza t ion would be crea t edo Sovie t s would a tt ack Japan in M anchuria

The Potsdam Conference, July 1945

y St alin, Truman, and A tt lee agree: o G ermany was t o be spli t , disarmed o Nazi par t y would be abolished and leaders t ried for war crimes o U SS R would a tt ack Japan wi t hin t hree mon t hs

y T hey failed t o: o D raw up a peace t rea t y wit h G ermany o Agree on a fron t ier be t ween G ermany and Poland o D id no t confirm agreemen t t o allow democra t ic elec t ions in Eas t ern Europe

8/8/2019 IB History - The Second World War

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ib-history-the-second-world-war 2/3

Allon Posen

The San Francisco Conference 1945

y T he U nit ed Na t ions was crea t edy G eneral Assembly

o Each coun t ry ge t s one vo t e

o R esolu t ions mus t be volun t arily respec t edy S ecuri t y Council

o 15 members, of which 5 are permanen t (U SA, U SS R , UK , F rance, China) 9 Coun t ries, including all permanen t members are required t o pass a

resolu t iono R esolu t ions have power of law and can be enforced

Island Hopping across the Pacific

y Japanese Vic t ory D isease af t er early vic t ories, D ecember 1 94 1 - Augus t 1 94 2 y Ba tt le of M idway

o Japanese los t 4 aircraf t carries and 2 96 aircraf t y Island Hopping t oward Japan

o B - 29 S uper for t resses began bombing Japan in M arch 1 94 5 o ¼ of all Japanese houses des t royed o Japanese indus t rial capaci t y exhaus t ed

The Atomic Bomb

y Nuclear fission researcho Based on research in t he 1 9 20 s-1 93 0 so F ission discovered in G ermany 1 938 o G erman research began in 1 939

y Alber t Einst ein convinced FDR t o begin research in a t o mic bomb t echnology

8/8/2019 IB History - The Second World War

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ib-history-the-second-world-war 3/3

Allon Posen

The Manhattan Project

y M ajor G eneral Leslie G roves assigned t o nuclear developmen t in September 1942o Appoin t ed J. R ober t Oppenheimer as direc t or of research

Los Alamos Labora t ory in New M exico y

T wo t ypes of bomb o U- 23 5

Never t es t ed Litt le Boy used on Hiroshima

o U- 238 T es t ed on July 16, 1945 a t Alamogordo, New M exico F a t M an used on Nagasaki

The Atomic Bombs

y Japan s governmen t was spli t be t ween war group and peace groupy Presiden t Truman au t horized t he use of A -bombs

o Hiroshima August 6, 1945 ( Enola Gay was the bomber that attacked) Cit ychosen mainly because in t ac t and t he wea t her was good on t he par t icularday

7 3 ,000 people dead, rising t o 1 38 ,000o Nagasaki August 9, 1945 o 4 0,000 killed, rising t o 48 ,000.

y Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945

The Consequences

y D evas t a t ion in Europe and Japany 55 million dead

o 3 0 million were civiliansy G ermany and Japan occupiedy W ar crimes t ribunals

o Nuremburgo T okyo