ib johansen: bioraffinering og bioplasten anno 2017
TRANSCRIPT
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERINGAUGUST 31ST,
2017ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
IB JOHANNSENAARHUSUNIVERSITY
PLAST INDUSTRIEN I DANMARK
BIOBASERET PLASTOG BIORAFFINERING
IB JOHANNSEN([email protected], TLF +4521356050)
CENTER FOR BIOREFINERY TECHNOLOGIES
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING, AARHUS UNIVERSITY
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
3
1. Bioraffinering – hvorfor og hvorhen (Biovalue)
2. Bioplast
1. Nogle overordnede trends
2. Nogle eksempler
1. Lactat monomerer - PLA
2. Lignin bindere
3. Andre eksempler
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
TOWARDS A CIRCULAR ECONOMYEnergy challenges are beeing solved:
- Conversion: Wind, water, solar, …. (we get plenty every day)Still: Storage, biogas conversion, batteries…., distribution
Carbon challenge?- Chemicals and materials (5-15% of fossil fuel consumption)- Transportation fuel
Direct thermal conversion - combustion - of biomass is hardly sustainable looking ahead:Plants are lousy energy collectors and a valuable resource. We should use biomass for value added products
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Bio based economy
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Classicalrefinery
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Bio-refinery
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NEED FOR INNOVATION
Biomass do not fit into
existing technology platforms:
Present chemical and refinery
Industry is based of fossil fuels
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
NEED FOR INNOVATION
Biomass do not fit into
existing technology platforms:
Present chemical and refinery
Industry is based of fossil fuels
And are large and centralized –
Biomass is not
?
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOMASS VALUE CHAIN
Pharmaceuticals, additives
Food
Materials
Feed
FuelVolume
Value
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
VOLUME AND VALUE
Volume x Value = Market/turnover• High value products are less sensitive to raw material costs• Low value products require huge volumes, and huge
investments• The ‘sweet spot’ is in between - product values 1-5 €/kg• But co-production of low value products – fuels/biogas will still
be needed in order to create volume and utilise side streams
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOREFINING VALUE VERSUS VOLUME
Pharmac., additives
Food
Materials
Feed
FuelVolume
Value
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOMASS VALORIZATION
Two routes:- convert biomass into intermediates similar to crude oil and natural gas and use existing upgrading technology- exploit the complex structure of biomass to make functional molecules and materials (requires new technology)
?
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
EXPLOIT BIOMASS COMPLEXITY (AND OXYGEN CONTENT)
Source: Esben Taarning
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
EXAMPLE: BIOVALUEKnowledge- and innovation base for substitution of products and processes based on fossil raw materials with sustainable value chains based on refining of biomass
July 2013 - July 2018
Budget: €21 million (€ 1,5 million dedicated to SME-projects)
Funded by InnovationFonden (50%) and the Partners (50%)
Currently 18 PhD students and 7 Postdocs, total approx. 90 people
www.biovalue.dkPartners4 Universities
9 Companies
1 GTS
INBIOM
1 9
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOVALUE OBJECTIVES
2 0
Target the entire value chain from sustainable biomass production to separation and conversion of all components of biomass into value-added products:
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
CENTER FOR BIOREFINERY TECHNOLOGIES
Strategic focus:1. Biorefining for Value added products: Feed, chemicals and fuels2. Engineering science in biorefining processes – Efficincy3. Develop processes in pilot/demo scale - Scalability4. Synergy in combined biorefining processes – Process integration
CBT
Straw/ feedcrops
Waste biomass
AU-CBT
Biorefining
SNG
Chemicalsfuel
Feed, fodder
Fertilizer
Electricity Heat
Energy crops
Manure/sludge
Center for Biorefinery technologies:(kg to ton/hour) Feed,
fodderBio-
mass
Bio Crude
BiogasSludge
BioWaste
Separation
Anaerobferment.
HTL
Catalytic CO2reduction
BioSNG
Destillation/upgrading
Chemicals, Fuel
Fertilizer
Manure
SOEC
Straw/ feedcrops
Waste biomass
Energy crops
Manure/sludge
Pretreat-ment
Enzyme +Fermentation
Separation
CBT
Center for Biorefinery technologies:(kg to ton/hour) Feed,
fodder
Bio-mass
Bio Crude
BiogasSludge
BioWaste
Separation
Anaerobferment.
HTL
Catalytic CO2reduction
BioSNG
Upgrading(2017)
Chemicals, Fuel
Fertilizer
Manure
SOEC
Straw/ feedcrops
Waste biomass
Energy crops
Manure/sludge
Pretreat-ment
Enzyme +Fermentation
Separation
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOPLAST - BIOPLASTICS
Definitioner:•Biobaseret plast•Bionedbrydelig plast•Kompositter med biofibre
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
1% !
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
FORVENTET I 2015 (FORUDSAGT I 2010)
1,7 mill ton
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
2016:
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
2016:
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
TWO EXAMPLES - FROM BIOVALUE
3 3
Target the entire value chain from sustainable biomass production to separation and conversion of all components of biomass into value-added products:
34
Topsoe Catalytic Lactate/MVG Process
Sugar syrup
Methanol CatalystO
OOHO
OOH
MeOH H2O
other
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
LIGNIN DERIVED PRODUCTS
Lignin is the key to obtain economy in lignocellulosic biorefining
For every ton of 2G-bioethanol produced 1 ton of lignin sidestream is produced (50 million ton expected in -22) on top of the 70 million ton produced by the paper industry
Presently mainly used as solid fuel after drying - better alternatives are needed – but it is not easy:
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOFUELS DIGEST(AUGUST 2017)
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
LIGNIN
“For all of your questions about the advanced bioeconomy there’s just the one answer and that is “lignin”.
Why don’t we see more biobased chemical plants built these days? Lignin.
Why do people shy away from hardwoods as a raw material even though it’s sustainable, available, reliable and affordable? Lignin.
What raw material have more people tried to make money out of and failed than anything else? Lignin.If the bioeconomy really catches fire, it’ll be because of a breakthrough in what? Lignin.”
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
LIGNIN
The Yosemite Sam of materials
It’s the meanest, toughest hombre of a material that ever came out of the ground, it’s the Yosemite Sam of the advanced bioeconomy —unreliable, inconsistent, grumpy, fiery, strident, incapable of improvement, impossible to do anything with, and impossible to ignore. So people just burn it. It smells faintly like vanilla and almonds, but it ought to smell like $20 bills going up in smoke
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
Maabjerg engergy c
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOVALUE’S LIGNIN ROUTES
In Project 6 two routes have been pursued: - develop catalytic routes to cut lignin into its momomers using ethanol as the solvent – DTU, Borregard, Haldor Topsøe: Good results obtained with respect to catalyst stability – but still a long way to go for commercialisation
EtOH+ Cat.Phenolic monomers
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
BIOVALUE’S LIGNIN ROUTES
- modify and exploit the existing lignin structure to form binders - AU, ROCKWOOL: New methods developed to modify, analyse and test a large number of versions.
Recent developed binders based on lignin solutions have shown promising results in the laboratory that could prove relevant for commercialization
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
ANDRE EKSEMPLER
- Drop in acrylonitrile – fra methyl lactat (sukker)- Ligninbaserede binder til træ og metal- Nye bindere til fiber kompositter- Aromatiske byggeblokke til polyester fra lignin
IB JOHANNSEN
20 MAY 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSORDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
SUMMARY
• It makes sense to go for value added products• One technology will not solve it all – a systems approach is
needed• The steps from Lab to Pilot and from Pilot to production are
large and costly – in competition with present technology• Several candidates for new biobased products in the pipeline
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
AARHUSUNIVERSITY AUGUST 2017 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
IB JOHANNSEN
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTIONIb Johannsen, [email protected]
Esben Taarning, Bjørn S. Kilsgaard, Miroslav Nikolic, Claus Felby, Patrick Biller, Marianne Glasius, Mads Jensen
HALDOR TOPSØE A/SROCKWOOL Int. A/SNovozymes A/S DTU, KU,AU
………….BioValue- SPIR