iconographia mycologiaverona — benedek(†)

ICONOGRAPHIA MYCOLOGIA V E R O N A - BENEDEK(~)

LIST OF PLATES IN SUPPLEMENT LIU

A. Fungi imperfeeti

1333 Gen. Cynerella GOCHENAUR

1334 Gen.

1335 Gen.

1336 Gen.

1337 Gen.

1338 Gen.

1339 Gen.

1340 Gen.

1341Gen,

1342 Gen.

1343 Gen.

1344 Gen.

t345

1346

1347

1348

1349

Sapro- Phyto- Zoo.- Indus- phyte pathogen pathogen trial

÷

Capsicumyces GAMUNDI et al. +

Chantransiopsis THAXTER

Gerlachia GAMS & Mt3LLER

Btastoschizomyces SALKIN et al. ÷

Sympodiocladium DESCALS +

Tricladiopsis DESCALS ÷

Sporophiala R. RAO +

Dana~a CANEVA & RAMBELLI ÷

)l/Iuiaria THAXTER

Muiogone THAXTER

Articulophora WANG & SUTTON +

Gen. Phalangispora NAWAWI & WEBSTER ÷

Gen. Excipularia SACC. +

Gen. Excipulariopsis KIRK & SPOONER +

Gen. Clypeopycnis PETRAK ÷

Gen. Vanderystiella P. HENN.

Gen. Anaphysmene BUB. +

+

÷

+

÷

+

i The sign (+) means exclusively or prevalently; the sign (o) means limited only to some species.

1350 Gen. Stegonsporium CORDA

Gen. Stegonsporiopsis WARMELO & S UTTON

Gen. Kaleidosporium WARMELO & SUTTON

t351 Gen. Chondropodium v. HOHNEL

1352 Gen. Tracyella (SAFE.) TASSI

1353 Gen. Didymochaeta SAFE. & ELLIS

t354 Gen. Japonia v. HOHNEL

1355 Gen, Crandatlia ELLIS & SAFE,

1356 Gen. Sphaerellopsis EKE.

1357 Gen. Asteromidium SPEG.

1358 Gen. Ciliochora v. HOHNEL

1359 Gen. Phialophorophoma LINDER

1360 Gen. Chondroplea KLEBAHN

1361 Gen. Cirrosporium HUGHES

1362 Gen. Korunomyces HODGES & FERREIRA

B. Phycomyces 150 Gen. Couchia W. W. MARTIN

151 Gen. Rhopalomyces CORDA

152 Gen, Brachymyces BARRON

153 Gen. Tabanomyces COUCH et al.

C. Aseomycetes 984 Gen, Barlaeina SACCARDO

985 Gen. Scutoscypha GRADDON

986 Gen. Boudiera COOKE

Sapro- phyte

÷

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

Phyto- pathogen

+

÷

+

+

Zoo- pathogen

+

+

+

+

Indus- trial

987 Gen.

988 Gen.

989 Gen.

990 Gen.

991 Gen.

992 Gen.

993 Gen.

994 Gen.

995 Gen.

996 Gen.

997 Gen.

998 Gen.

999 Gen.

Sapro- Phyto- Zoo- Indus- phyte pathogen pathogen trial

Sowerbyella NANNFELDT +

Kriegeria RAB. +

Echidnodes THEISS. & SYDOW + +

Ep(polaeum THEISS. & SYDOW +

Balladynopsis THEISS. & SYDOW + +

Semifissispora SWART .4_

Alina RAC, + +

Pseudomorfea PUNITH. +

Balladynocallia BATISTA + +

Massarinula GEN. DE LAMARL +

Pseudothis THEISS. & SYDOW +

Nectriopsis MAIRE +

Paradidymella PETRAK +

Copyright © 1983 Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo- copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers Dr W, Junk Publishers, P.O. Box 13713, 2501 ES The Hague, The Netherlands. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS

F U N G I I M P E R F E C T I

M O N I L I A L E S

M O N I L I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. C y n e r e l l a GOCHENAUR

I C O N O G R A P H I A M Y C O L O G I C A

V E R O N A - BENEDEK

Plate A 1333

Mycelium hyaline, hyphae ramose, septed with clamp connections. Conidio- phores hyaline, macronematous, isolate or gregarious, erect, irregularly ramose. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, apical or lateral, globose, ovoid or cylindrical. Conidia hyaline, obovoid, with 2-4-5 apical and one basal appendage. Chlamidospores and blastosporic stage are present.

Note: One species is known isolated from sand scraped from the submerged stipe of Laccaria trullisata (ELLIS) SINGER. Despite the terrestrial habitat, this species has several characteristics in common with organisms present i n aquatic environment. The blastosporic stage remembers, on some aspects, the genus Rho- dotorula HARRISON.

In the plate: C. elegans GOCHENAUR. (imited from the A.). 1. conidia; 2. stage in the development of conidiogenous cells; 3. mature conidiophore; 4. chlamydospores; 5. blastospores.

Ref.:

GOCHENAUR, S. E. (1981) - Cyrenella elegans gen. et sp. nov., a dikaryotic anamorph. Mycotaxon, 13, 267-277.

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M O N I L I A L E S


S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Capsicumyces GAMUNDI et al.

I C O N O G R A P H I A MYCOLOGICA

VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1334

Superficial mycelium hyaline, multiseptate. Conidiophores micronematous or semimacronematous, mononematous, hyaline. Conidiogenous cells inte- grate, denticulate, hyaline, terminal or intercalar, monoblastic or poliblastic. Conidia isolate, dry, subulate, hyaline.

Note: According to the Aa., the genus is similar to Subulispora TUBAKI, which, on the contrary, is a Dematiaceous genus. On leaf litter.

In the plate: C. delicatus GAMUNDI et al.

Ref.:

GAMUNDI, I. J., ARAMBARR1, A. M., BUCSINSZKY, A. M. (1979) - Micoflora de la hojarasca de Nothophagus dombeyi (II). Darwiniana, 22: 180-216.

P L A T E A 1334


M O N I L I A L E S


Z O O P A T H O G E N

Gen. Chantrans iops i s THAXTER


VERONA BENEDEK

Plate A 1335

Entomophilous. Filaments firm, elastic, persistent, thick-walled, colorless, septate, growing in variably developed tufts attached to the body of the host by an opaque black base, or foot; variably branched; the terminal branches sterile or fertile, and bearing solitary terminal simple spores successively abjointed.

In the plate: 1. C. xantholini THAXTER. a. rather large tuft with numerous spores; b. tip of two sporiferous branchlets; c. spores.

2. C. stipatus THAXTER.

a. portion of a much larger tuft, arising from an extensive blackened base;

b. tips of two sporiferous branchlets.

3. C. decumbens THAXTER.

a. a whole plant showing characteristic habit; b. tips of two sporiferous branchlets; c. tip of sporiferous branchlet showing spore-formation by prolifera-

tion.

(from the A.)

Ref. :

THAXTER, R. (1914) - On certain peculiar fungus-parasites of living insects. Bot. Gaz., 58:235 251.

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M O N I L I A L E S


P H Y T O P A T H O G E N

Gen. G e r l a c h i a W. GAMS & E. MI~LLER


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1336

Genus similar to Fusarium but with percurrently elongating annellate conidiogenous cells (annellides) with sometimes pronuncied to sporodochium formation. Conidia slimy, falcate, one- to many-septate, hyaline without any basal differentiation ('foot cells').

Note: Teliomorph: Monographella PETRAK

In the plate: A. G. nivalis (CES. & SACC.) GAMS & MOLLER, var. nivalis

B. G. nivalis (WOLLENW.) GAMS & MOLLER, var. major

C. G. oryzae (HASHIOKA & YOKOGI) GAMS (from W. GAMS & E. MOLLER)

Ref. :

GAMS, W., MI~LLER, E. (1980) - Conidiogenesis of Fusarium nivale and Rhyncho- sporium oryzae and its taxonomic implications. Neth. J. PI. Path., 86: 45.


M O N 1 L I A L E S


S A P R O P H Y T E ( ? )

(Yeas t - l i ke )

Gen. B las tosch izomyces SALKIN et al.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1337

Mycelium well developed, smooth, hyaline. Conidiogenous cells are annellides, hyphalike, hyaline, smooth, arising from fertile hyphae. Annelloconi- dia hyaline, smooth; may undrege schizolitic division. Blastoconidia developing from annelloconidia. Pseudohyphae may be formed. Fermentation absent.

Note: Genus similar to Trichosporon BEHREND. One species isolated from sputum (man) in USA.

In the plate: B. pseudotrichosporon SALKIN et al. (in A. annelloconidium development showing annellation).

Ref.:

SALKIN, F., GORDON, M. A., SAMSONOFF, W. A., RIEDER, C. L. (1982) - Blasto- schizomyces pseudotrichosporon gen. et sp. nov. Mycotaxon, 14: 497-504.

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P L A T E A 1337


M O N I L I A L E S

D E M A T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. S y m p o d i o c l a d i u m DESCALS


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1338

Colony dark. Conidiophores micronematous. Conidiogenous cells apical or

lateral, discrete, monoblastic. Conidia solitary, holoblastic, multiseptate,

s taurosporous, with main body and branches elongate and decumbent, the latter arising sympodially.

Note: Aquatic.

In the plate:

S. frondosum DESCALS. (imited f rom the A.).

Ref. :

DESCALS, E., WEBSTER, J. (1982) - Taxonomic studies on aquatic Hyphomycetes. III: Some new species and new combination - Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 78: 409-437.

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M O N I L I A L E S


S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. T r i c l a d i o p s i s DESCALS


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1339

Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, brown, simple or sparsely branched. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, apical, integrated, detachment scars distinct, proliferations rachis-like, sympodial. Conidia solitary, acrogenous, colourless, multiseptate, staurosporous, released at a basal septum, main body elongate, branches lateral, single, in succession, with basal con- strictions.

Note: Aquatic.

In the plate: T. foliosa DESCALS. (imited from the A.).

ReL:

DESCALS, E., WEBSTER, J. (1982) - Taxonomic studies on aquatic Hyphomycetes. III: Some new species and new combination. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 78: 405-437.

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M O N I L I A L E S


S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. S p o r o p h i a l a R. RAO


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1340

Colonies hairy to velvety, brown to dark brown or blackish brown. Myceli- um partly superficial but mostly immersed in the substratum, composed of pale brown to brown, branched, septate hyphae. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, erect to recumbent or ascending, straight or flexuous, branched, septate, pale brown to brown, smooth or verruculose. Coni- diogenous cells integrated and terminal or discrete and lateral on the conidiophore and its branches, holoblastic, monoblastic, determinate. Co- nidia formed in branched, rhexolytically fragmenting, acropetally elongating chains, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid or broadly fusoid, rarely ovoid or obclavate, straight or curved, conidia forming branches Y-shaped, pale brown to brown, smooth to verruculose, thick-walled, septate, with a distinct or indistinct frill of wall material derived from a well defined or poorly defined separating cell. (P. M. Kirk).

Note: This genus has been recorded in IM (XXX, A-715). It is here proposed again after Kirk's revision.

In the plate:

1. S. prolifica R. RAO. 2. S. indica P. M. KIRK.

Ref. :

KIRK, P. M. (1982) The genus Sporophiala (Hyphomycetes). Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 78:559 563.

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F U N G I I M P E R F E C T !

M O N I L I A L E S


S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. D a n a ~ a CANEVA & RAMBELLI


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1341

Hyphae hyaline or subhyaline, septate, smooth. Conidiophores acroauxinic, macronematous, mononematous, erect, smooth, with brown basis and subhyaline apex, septate. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, politretic, globose, solitary, smooth, subhyaline. Conidia solitary, dry, not septate, smooth, fusiform or subfusiform, subhyaline, with denticulate ends.

Note: On dead leaves in Ivory Coast.

In the plate: D. ubiensis CANEVA & RAMB.

Ref.:

CANEVA, G., RAMBELLI, A. (1981) - Dana~a nuovo genere di Ifale demaziaceo. - Mic. Ital., 10: 47-49.

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M O N I L I A L E S



Gen. M u i a r i a THAXTER


V E R O N A - B E N E D E K

Plate A 1342

Entomophilous, more or less deeply suffused throughout, growing in dense, more or less isolated tufts, or rarely repent, each tuft attached by a blackened base in which the vegetative hyphae may be indistinguishable; the tufts consisting of fertile, or both sterile and fertile elements; the sterile, when present, simple and not clearly distinguished from the sporophores; the latter bearing terminally solitary spores which are not abjointed, or, as a rule, clearly differentiated from them. Spores at first transversely septate, consisting of a slender terminal portion and a broader main body in which two fiat central cells are distinguished that become several times longitudinally di- vided, after usually dividing once transversely; the cells adjacent to these four central tiers often showing occasional longitudinal or slightly oblique di- visions; the stalk and distal prolongation sometimes producing a short but characteristic spurlike process.

Note: This genus, which inhabits living flies in the tropics, so closely resem- bles certain type of Macro~porium FR.

In the plate: 1. M. armata THAXTER.

A tuft of the fungus growing on the host's leg, and two spores.

2. M. repens THAXTER. a. general habit of repent form on the hosts wing and small portion of

the same enlarged; b. portion of a tuft growing on the abdomen and one spore.

3. M. gracilis THAXTER. Tuft of the fungus growing on leg of host and one spore.

(from the A.).

ReL:

THAXTER, R. (1914) - On certain peculiar fungus-parasites of living insects. Bot. Gaz., 58: 235--251.

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M O N I L I A L E S



Gen. Muiogone THAXTER


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1343

Entomophilus; pulvinate. Sporophores short, simple, hyaline, crowded. Spores terminal, solitary, dark, oblong or piriform, muriform, the cells of the mid-region distinguished from those of the base and terminal portion, which bear more or less conspicuous median processes of spines.

Note: The genus is perhaps too near Sporidesmium LINK EX FR. (I.M.: III, A-67) while differs from it as far as some spore characters and the entomogenous habit.

In the plate: M. chromopteri THAXTER 1. Abdomen of host showing a pusule of the fungus growing on the

under surface. 2. Detached spores with broken stalks. 3. Tip of a spore greatly magnified, some of the spines distally

perforate.

(imited from the A.).

Ref.:

THAXTER, R. (1914) On certain peculiar fungus-parasites of living insects. Bot. Gaz., 58: 235-252.

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M O N I L I A L E S


S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. A r t i c u l o p h o r a WANG & SUTTON


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1344

Conidiophore unbranched, indeterminate, septate, brown; conidiogenous cells integrated, producing conidia holoblastically immediately below the septum of the terminal cell giving the successive penultimate cells a jointed appearance at the distal end; conidia stalked, multiseptate, brown, conidial secession by a rhexolitic process of the stalk (conidial secession by a fracture of the subtending cell).

Note: This genus is close Guedea RAMB & BARTOLI (I.M.: XLV, A-1126). It differs from Guedea in having conidia borne on slender stalks which after a rhexolitic process remain half attached to the conidia and half to the conidiogenous cell.

In the plate: A. variispora WANG ~¢ SUTTON

Ref. :

WANG, C. J. K., SUTTON, B. C. (1982)New and rare lignicolous hyphomyocetes. Mycologia, 74: 489-500.

FUNGI I M P E R F E C T I

M O N I L I A L E S

T U B E R C U L A R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Phalangispora N A W A W I & W E B S T E R


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1345

Mycelium first subhyaline, then brown-olivaceous, septate. Conidiomata (sporodochia) first hyaline, then olivaceous, formed of parallel strands of cylindrical, hyaline, anastomosing hyphae. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, polyblastic giving rise to 2-3 conidia. Conidia branched, pale-brown, septate, composed of cylindrical cells constricted at the septa. About five brown long, dark, septate, subulate setae arising from basal cells.

Note: From river foam. For a discussion on genera with similar spores see Ref.

In the plate: P. constricta NAWAWI & WEBSTER. (imited from the Aa).

Ref. :

NAWAWI, A., WEBSTER, J. (1982) Phalangispora constricta gen. et sp. nov., a sporodochial hyphomycete with branched conidia. - Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 79: 65-68.

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F U N G I I M P E R F E C T |

C O E L O M Y C E T E S

S A P R O P H Y T E

1. Gen. E x c i p u l a r i a SACC.

2. Gen. E x c i p u l a r i o p s i s P. M. KIRK & SPOONER


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1346

1. Gen. E x c i p u l a r i a SACC.

Mycelium immersed. Conidiomata superficial, cupulate, blackish brown to black, with a basal aggregation of brown to dark brown textura angularis. Sterile elements usually abundant throughout the conidioma, usually proximally branched, apex acuminate, pale brown, septate, smooth, thin-walled. Marginal sterile elements frequently setiform, with the apical cell modified, becoming thick-walled and dark brown. Conidiophores pale brown, usually proximally branched, arising from the basal aggregation of textura angu!a- ris, septate, cylindrical, smooth-walled. Conidiogenous cells integrated, monoblastic, determinate, cylindrical, very pale brown to pale brown. Conidia falcate to crescentic, smooth, euseptate, apical cell rounded to corniform, basal cell truncate with an indistinct unthickened scar, pale brown to brown, terminal cells hyaline.

2. Gen. E x c i p u l a r i o p s i s P. M. KIRK & SPOONER

Mycelium mostly immersed. Conidiomata superficial, pulvinate, dark brown to black, with a basal aggregation of thick-walled, dark brown cells. Setae peripheral, arising directly from cells of the basal stroma, subulate, dark brown, septate, thick-walled, smooth. Conidiophores short, cylindrical, pale brown, unbranched. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate. Conidia acrogenous, solitary, dry, broadly fusoid, truncate at the base, multiseptate, smooth, thick-walled, dark brown, with hyaline to very pale brown terminal cells.

Note: This genus differs from Excipularia in producing non-falcate thick- walled conidia and in possessing septate, consistently thick-walled, dark brown, subulate setae at the periphery of a non-cupulate conidioma and arising directly from the basal stroma.

In the plate: 1 Excipulariafusispora (BERK & BR.) SACC. 2 Excipulariopsis narsapurensis (SUBR.) SPOONER • KIRK

Ref. :

SPOONER, B. M., KIRK, P. M. (1982) Taxonomic notes on Exeipularia and Scolicosporiurn. Trans. Br. mycol. Soe., 78: 247-257.



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Clypeopycnis PETRAK


VERONA BENEDEK

Plate A 1347

Mycelium immersed, branched, septate, hyaline. Conidiomata pycnidial, separate, globose, dark brown, immersed, epidermal to subepidermal, unilocular, thick-walled, composed of a basal region of small-celled, thin- walled, hyaline textura angularis, the lateral walls becoming larger-celled and pale brown, surmounted by dark brown, thick-walled ostiolar tissue. Ostiole central, circular, papillate. Conidiophores hyaline, branched irregularly, septate, smooth, hyaline, formed from the inner cells of the pycnidiat wall. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, determinate, integrated or discrete, ampulliform to doliiform, hyaline, smooth, channel and collarette minute. Conidia hyaline, medianly 1-euseptate or aseptate, straight, fusiform, apex and base obtuse, thin-walled, smooth, often guttulate. (Sutton).

In the plate: CI. aeruginascens PETRAK.

Ref.:

SUTTON, B. C. (1980) - The Coelomycetes. C.M.I., Kew.

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Gen. Vanderyst ie l la P. HENN.


VERONA BENEDEK

Plate A 1348

Mycelium immersed, branched, septate, pale brown to hyaline. Conidioma- ta acervular, epidermal to subepidermal, separate or confluent, hypophyl- lous, formed of pale brown, thin-walled textura angularis. Dehiscence irregular. Conidiophores absent. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, determinate, discrete, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, channel wide, collarette prominent, periclinal wall thickened, formed from the upper cells of the acervutus. Conidia pale brown, aseptate, base truncate, smooth, eguttulate, biconic, rhomboid. (Sutton).

Note: Syn. Deightonia PETRAK. One species previously described as Deightonia rhombispora PETRAK causing lesions on leaves of Leptoderris brachyptera in Sierra Leone.

In the plate: V. leopoldvilleana P. HENN.

Ref.:

SUTTON, B. C. (1980) - The Coetomycetes. C.M.I., Kew.

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F U N G I 1 M P E R F E C T I


S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Anaphysmene BUB.



Plate A 1349

Mycelium immersed, branched, septate, brown. Conidiomata acervular, caulicolous, epidermal to subepidermal, separate or often confluent, formed of dark brown, thick-walled textura angularis. Dehiscence irregular. Coni- diophores erect, cylindrical to subulate, parallel, thick-walled, septate, dark brown, formed from the upper pseudoparenchyma. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, annellidic, integrated, indeterminate, cylindrical, pale brown, smooth, with 1 percurrent proliferation. Conidia hyaline, medianly 1-euseptate, thin-walled, smooth, eguttulate, base truncate, apex acute, falcate, fusiform. (Sutton).

Note: Genus monotypic. For the synonyms see Ref.

In the plate: A. heraclei (LIB.) BUB.

Ref.:

SUTTON, B. C. (I972) - Wakefieldia Arn. and Blennoria buxi Fr. sensu Arn. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 59: 285-294. SUTTON, B. C. (1980) - The Coelomycetes. C.M.I., Kew.

FUNGI IMPERFECTI COELOMYCETES

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. S t e g o n s p o r i u m CORDA

Gen. Stegonospor iopsis WARMELO & SUTTON

Gen. Kaleidosporium WARMELO & SUTTON


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1350

Gen. Stegonsporium CORDA

Conidiomata acervular, separate or confluent, immersed, brown, cortico- lous, pseudoparenchymatous, composed of textura angularis. Conidio- phores cylindrical, septate, hyaline, branched at the base, or unbranched, formed from the upper cells of the conidioma. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, annellidic, integrated or discrete, hyaline, smooth, with 0-6 somewhat flared annellations. Conidia abovoid to clavate, with several transverse and longitudinal distosepia, cell lumina considerably reduced, brown, smooth, obtuse at the apex, truncate at the base, basal cell lumen exposed, with or without a marginal basal frill. Paraphyses filiform, septate, hyaline, cylindrical.

Note: This genus has been reported already in I.M., (IX, A-186). It is quoted here with the diagnosis of Van Warmelo and Sutton. On the basis ofS. cenangioides ELL. & ROTHR the above mentioned Aa. have proposed the genus Stegonsporiopsis.

Gen. Stegonosporiopsis W A R M E L O & SUTTON

Conidiomata eustromatic, at first immersed, then erumpent, solitary, black, pulvinate to globose, unilocular, composed at the broad base of brown textura angularis, lateral and upper wall cells thick, of similar but darker brown thick-walled tissue. Ostiote absent, dehiscence by irregular rupture of overlying tissues. Conidiophores hyaline, cylindrical, unbranched, septate, restricted to the base of the conidiomata. Conidiogen- ous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, integrated, cylindrical, with a wide channel, minute collarette and periclinal thickening. Conidia brown, fusiform, smooth, not constricted, with up to 12 transverse and several longitudinal or oblique distosepta.

Gen. Kaleidosporium W A R M E L O & SUTTON

Conidiomata eustromatic, acervular, subepidermal, separate, composed of brown, thick-walled textura angularis. Ostiole absent, dehiscence by rupture of overlying host tissues. Conidiophores absent. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, discrete, determinate, hyaline or pale brown, cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, with a narrow channel, periclinal thickening and no collarette, formed from the upper cells of the conidioma. Conidia dark brown, smooth, ellipsoid, straight, obtuse at the apex, truncate at the base, obliquely euseptate. On the basis of Stegonsporium fenestratum (ELL. & Ev.) SACC. (= Stilbosporafenestrata (ELL. & Ev.) Van Warmelo and Sutton have created the genus Kaleidosporium. This genus is characterized primarily in having obliquely euseptate conidia.

In the plate: Stegonsporium pyriforme (KOFM. ex FR.) CDA

Ref. :

VAN WAR MELO, K. T., SUTTON, B. C. (1981 ) - Coelomycetes: VII: Stegonsporium. - C.M.I., Mycological Papers no. 145.

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P L A T E A 1350



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. C h o n d r o p o d i u m VON HOHNEL


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1351

Pycnidia superficial on wood, erumpent by rupture of bark, gregarious, black, glabrous, obclavate, beaked. Pycnidial wall made up of loose tissue of interweaving, branched, subhyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled hyphae, darker on the outside. Pycnidial venter occupying the upper, beaked area of the fructification only. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, phialidic, elongate, hyaline, smooth-walled, attenuating slightly at the apex. Conidia long, fusiform, curved, septate, smooth-walled, hyaline, guttulate. (G. Morgan-Jones el al.).

In the plate: Ch. spina (BERK. & RAV.) V. HOHNEL.

Ref. :

WALTON GROVES, J. (1954). The genus Durandiella. Can. J. Bot., 32:116-144. MORGAN-JONES, G., NAG RAJ, T. R., KEI~DRICK, B. (1972). Icones Generum Coelomycetum (IV) - University of Waterloo, Biology Series.



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. T racye l l a (SACC.)TASSI


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1352

Pycnothyria scattered to gregarious and confluent, superficial, connected to immersed mycelium of branched, septate, dark brown hyphae by a central column of cells, orbicular to irregular, in the centre several cells thick, cells towards the centre more or less isodiametric, cells at the periphery radially elongated, entire or invaginated at the edge, brown. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells lining the concavity formed by the shield and the central column of the pycnothyrium. Conidiogenous cells phialides, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth-walled. Conidia ellipsoid to ovoid or subcylindrical, unicellular, hyaline, smooth-walled, with apical and basal (only apical in one species) appendages. Appendages filiform, flexuous, hyaline. (Nag Raj).

Note: = Leptothyrium KZE. & WALLR. subg. Tracyella SACC.

In the plate: Tr. spartinae (PECK) TASSI. (imited from NAG RAJ).

Ref.:

PETRAK, F. (1947) - l~ber die Gattung Tracyelta (Sacc.) Tassi. Sydowia, 1: 202-205. NAG RAJ, T. R. (1974) -Icones Generum Coelomycetum. University of Waterloo, Biology Series (VI).

P L A T E A 1352



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. D i d y m o c h a e t a SACC. & ELL.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1353

Mycelium immersed, brown, branched, septate. Conidiomata pycnidial, finally becoming superficial, separate or aggregated, globose, dark brown, unilocular, thick-walled, outer layer of dark brown, thick-walled textura globulosa, often pruinose, becoming smaller, thinner-walled and paler towards the locule, finally small-celled hyaline textura angularis. Ostiole central, circular, ___ papillate. Conidiophores absent. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, discrete, determinate, doliiform, hyaline, smooth, with minute collarette but prominent channel and thickened periclinal walls, formed from inner cells of the pycnidial wall. Conidia cylindrical, i(-2) euseptate, hyaline, thin-walled, obtuse, occasionally slightly constricted at the septum, straight. (Sutton).

Note: This genus is similar to Ascochyta LI/3. (I.M.: V, A-113). Though it is different in the pycnidial structure. According to Clements & Shear Sclerochaetetla v. HOHN and lZermiculariella OUD. are synonyms.

In the plate: D. fraserae (ELL. & EV.) SUTTON.

Ref.:

SUTTON, B. C. (1980) - The Coelomycetes. C.M.I., Kew.

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P L A T E A 1353



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. J a p o n i a VON HOHNEL


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1354

Pycnidia superficial, discoid, scattered or gregarious, glabrous, wall of pseu-

doparenchymatic, isodiametric, thick-walled, brown cells, opening by irregular fracture. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, hyaline, smooth-walled, each

bearing a single terminal conidium. Conidia holoblastic, solitary, fusiform to

clavate, smooth-walled, 2-septate, hyaline, guttulate, apex terminating in an appendage with two or more branches, base truncate with the persistent apical part of the conidiogenous cell remaining attached. (Morgan-Jones).

Note: According to Clements & Shear Yoshinagamyces HARA are syn-

onymous.

In the plate:

J. quercus v. HOHNEL (imited from MORGAN-JONES & KENDRICK)

Ref. :

VON HOHNEL, F. (1909) - Fragmente zur Mykologie 335. Ueber Yoshinagaia quercus P. Henn. - Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 118: 876-880. MORGAN-JONES, G., KENDRICK, B. (1972) Icones Generum Coelomycetum (III). Univ. of Waterloo, Biology Series.

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S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. C r a n d a l l i a ELLIS & SACC.


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1355

Acervuli superficial, black, leptostromataceous. Basal stroma of small, thin- walled, subhyaline, isodiametric cells. Covering layer dark brown, made up of thick-walled, elongate cells. Paraphyses filamentous, lateral, hyaline, smooth-walled. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth- walled. Conidia cylindrical, obtuse at each end, unicellular, hyaline, smooth- walled. (Morgan-Jones).

In the plate: C. juncicola ELL. & SACC.

Ref. :

MORGAN-JONES, G. (1974) -Icones Generum Coelomycetum (VII). University of Waterloo - Biology Series.

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( M Y C O P A R A S I T E )

Gen. Sphaere l lops i s CKE.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1356

Mycelium immersed, branched, septate, hyaline to pale brown. Conidioma- ta eustromatic, immersed, deep seated but becoming erumpent, uniloeular or multilocular, the locules often almost superficial and then appearing like separate pycnidia, each locule with a separate simple ostiole; basal wall composed of pale brown textura angularis, locular wall of dark brown, thick-walled textura angularis. Conidiophores hyaline to pale brown, septate, branched only at the base and then infrequently, smooth, formed from the inner cells of the locular walls. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, phialidic, indeterminate, integrated or discrete, cylindrical to doliiform, hyaline to pale brown, smooth, often with 1-3 percurrent proliferations. Conidia initially hyaline, finally very pale brown and irregularly verruculose. 0-1 euseptate, not constricted, apex obtuse, base truncate, straight, ellipsoid, the apex with a gelatinous cap that occasionally becomes everted. (Sutton).

Note: This genus has many synonyms (see Sutton) and it is comprensive of some species.

In the plate: S. filum (BIv. BERN. ex FR.) SUTTON

Ref,:

SUTTON, B. C. (1977) - Coelomycetes VI. Nomenclature of generic names proposed for Coelomycetes. C,M.I., Mycol. Papers no. 141. SUTTON, B. C. (1980) - The Coelomycetes. C.M.I., Kew.

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P L A T E A 1356



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. A s t e r o m i d i u m SPEG.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A 1357

Mycelium immersed, branched, septate, hyaline. Conidiomata acervular, subcuticular, separate or confluent, pulvinate to doliiform, at the base composed of hyaline to pale brown, thin-walled textura angularis which extends laterally, finally with separate cells dispersed in a mucilaginous matrix to form the overlying wall; cuticle discoloured and occasionally pseudoparenchymatous walls adjacent to the upper epidermal wall also discoloured. Dehiscence irregular. Conidiophores absent. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, discrete, indeterminate, + cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, with 1-2 sympodial proliferations, scars unthickened, flat, formed from the basal and lateral walls. Conidia cylindrical to fusiform, gently tapered at each end, apex obtuse, base truncate, thin-walled, eguttulate, hyaline, 3 septate. (Sut- ton).

Note: This genus has been previously described by Saccardo as a Actino-

nema Pers. subgenus. Later it has been elevated to genus by Spegaz- zini.

In the plate: A. imperspicuum SPEG.

Gen. D e a r n e s s i a BUB.

This genus is closely related to Asteromid ium; but Dearnessia is truly pycnidial. However, Clements & Shear listed Dearnessia as a synonym of Asteromidium.

ReL:

SUTTON, B. C. (1980) - The Coelomycetes. - C.M.I., Kew.




Gen. C i l i o c h o r a VON HOHNEL


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1358

Conidiomata foliicolous, immersed, stromatic, occupying the entire thick- ness of the leaf, irregularly loculate, pycnidioid, with a wall developed clypeus, opening by irregular slits, glabrous, black. Conidiogenous cells lining the floor of the cavity and extending part way up the side wall, subcylindrical to irregular, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth-walled. Conidia blastic, didymosporous, fusiform to eUipsoidal, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth-walled, apical cell giving rise to an appendage as a tubular extension of the young conidium body; appendage simple or branched, branchlets attenuated, flexuous. (Nag Raj& Di Cosmo).

Note: Teleomorph in Phyllachora NITS. (fide NAG RAJ)

In the plate: C. longiseta (RACIB.) V. HOHNEL

Ref.:

NAG RAJ, T. R., D1 COSMO, F. (1978) - Icones Generum Coelomycetum. University of Waterloo, Department of Biology.



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P h i a l o p h o r o p h o m a LINDER


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate A1359

Pycnidia gregarious, immersed, unilocular, black, obpyriform. Pycnidial wall pseudoparenchymatous, composed of isodiametric or slightly elongated cells, thicker and darker in the region of the neck. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, cylindrical, hyaline, smooth-walled. Conidia elliptical or obovoid, unicellular, hyaline, smooth-walled. (G. Morgan-Jones).

In the plate: P. litoralis LINDER

Ref. :

MORCAN-JoNES, G. (1977) - leones Generum Coelomycetum (IX). University of Waterloo, Department of Biology.

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Gen. Chondroplea KLEBAHN


VERONA - BENEDEK

Pla te A 1360

Conidiomata scattered to gregarious, immersed, discoid, orbicular to irregular in outline, pturilocular, glabrous, dark brown to black, locules widely open; wall tissue 'textura intricata'. Conidiophores arising all round each locule, simple or branched, septate, pale brown to brown, thick- and rough-walled for most of their length.

Conidiogenous cells annellides, subcylindrical, hyaline or occasionally subhyaline at the base, with several percurrent proliferations. Conidia blastic- annellidic, amerosporous, subglobose to obovoid with a slightly truncate base, hyaline, smooth-walled. (Nag Raj & Di Cosmo).

Note: Known teleomorph in Cryptodiaporthe (see BOOTH et al.)

In the plate: C. populea KLEBAHN

Ref.:

KLEBAHN, H. (1933) - Ueber Bau und Konidienbildung bei einigen stromatischen Sphaeropsideen. Phytopath. Z., 6: 291. BOOTH, C., GIaSON, I. A. S., SUTTON, B. C. (1973) - Cryptodiaporthe populea. C.M.I. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew. NAG RAJ, T. R., Dl COSMO, F. (1978) -Icones Generum Coelomycetum (X). University of Waterloo, Department of Biology.



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Cirrospor ium HUGHES


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate A 1361

Colonie extensive. Mycelium immersed composed of septate, subhyaline to brown hyphae forming immersed pseudostromata. Pycnidia cylindrical, unilocular, stipitate, erect, ostiolate, black, immersed in pseudostromata. Sterile cylindrical base of the pycnidia is composed of a pseudoparenchyma of brown to dark brown cells. The fertile part is cylindrical with the central part obconic or ellipsoid and conidiogenous hyphae at the bottom. Arthro- conidia meristematic, brown to dark brown, with three transversal septa, angularly, ellipsoidal, making short chains getting out through ostiole as black, shining, straight, fragile columnar cirrus.

Note: One species on fallen corticated trunks of Weinmannia racemosa in New Zealand.

In the plate: C. novae-zelandiae HUGHES 1. pycnidia with columnar cirrus of spores; 2. upper portion of the pycnidium; 3. arthroconidia.

ReL:

HUGHES, S. J. (1980) - New Zealand J. Bot., 18: 329.


M Y C E L I A S T E R I L I A


Gen. K o r u n o m y c e s HODGES & FERREIRA



Plate A 1362

Branched, multicellular, subglobose, hyaline, stipitate propagules. Pr imary

branches are dendridic or irregular; secondary branches are dicotomic; terminal branches are 0-2-septate or clavate with rounded apex. Propagulif-

erous cells simple, septate, hyaline, erect.

Note: The genus is based on a parasitic species of Terminalia ivorensis A. CHEV., in Brazil.

Taxonomic position of this genus is not clear. Authors consider it

near to Cristulariella v. HOHNEC & REDHEAD (I.M., XLIV, A-

1098), but it differs f rom this genus in several ways. Certainly it has

not phialoconidia like Cristulariella. Even whether one want to name

propagules as Cristulariella (NIEDBALSKI et al.). Korunomyces is to

refer for now to Mycelia sterilia according to our opinion.

In the plate:

K. terminaliae HODGES & FERREIRA.

(from an Author 's picture).

Ref.:

HODOES, C. S., FERREIRA, F. A. (1981) - Korunomyces, a new genus of Fungi imperfecti from Brazil. - Myeologia, 73: 334-342. NIEDBALSKI, M. J., CRANE, L., NEELY, D. (1979)- Illinois Fungi 10. Development, morphology and taxonomy of Cristulariella pyramidalis. Mycologia, 71: 722-730.

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P H Y C O M Y C E T E S

O O M Y C E T A L E S

S A P R O L E G N I A C E A E


Gen. C o u c h i a W. W. MARTIN


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate B 150

Parasitic in egg masses and eggs of various Chironomidae. Penetration of the egg mass by a fine, thread-like hyphal tube. Mycelium eucarpic, coenocytic, developing within the egg mass matrix. Upon contracting the eggs hyphae producing appressorial complexes of varying form. Zoosporangia typically inflated, with a prominent apical papilla, renewed by various methods or solitary and terminal. Zoospores dimorphic; primary zoospores anteriorly biflagellate and quickly encysting at or near the zoosporangium orifice; secondary zoospores reniform, laterally biflagellate. Sex organs homothal- lie. Oogonia globose to pyriform, smooth-walled. Antheridial branches diclinous. Oospores one to many, eccentric.

Note: This genus differs from all other genera of the Saprolegniaceae in its parasitism of midge egg masses and in the formation of complex groupings of appressoria which aid in penetration of the egg. Hosts: Chromomus attenuatus, Tendipes decolorus and Pentaneura carnea occurring in small woodland streams in Virginia (USA).

In the plate: C. circumplexa W. W. MARTIN 1. Early stage in appressorial complex formation shortly after hyphal contact of egg. 2. Cyst with penetration tube, appressorium producing initial hypha, young austorium within egg. 3. Early stage in appressional complex development, 4. Host egg with appressional complex of encircling hyphae and lateral appressoria. 5. Appression- al complex, loose cluster of variously sized decurving appressoria and reduced hyphae. 6. A. complex, cluster of variously sized decurving appressoria. 7. A. complex, compact cluster of similar sized appressoria, dorsal view. 8. id. strongly decurving appressoria, lateral view. 9. Empty zoosporangium. 10. Zoosporangium with internal proliferation of secondary zoosporangia. 11. Zoosporangium discharging biflagellate primary zoospores. 12. Encisted primary zoospores. 13: Biflagellate secondary zoospores. 14. Immature oogonium with an- theridia at receptive papillae. 15. Oogonium with single eccentric oospore. 16. Oogonium with two oospores. 17. Oogonium with four oospores.

Ref.:

MARTIN, W. W. ( 198 !) - Couchia circumplexa, a water mold parasitic in midge eggs. Mycologia, 73:1143.

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M U C O R A L E S

S A P R O P H Y T E

O R


Gen. Rhopa lomyces CORDA


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate B 151

Mycelium sparse, hyaline. Conidiophores slender, simple, not-septate, with

globose end is also hexagonally aerolate bearing conidia 1-celled, hyaline,

ellipsoid.

In the plate:

This genus has already been described in I.M. (VIII, A-173) and

referred to Fungi Imperfecti. M ost of Authors now refer this genus to

Zygomycetes. Few other species are known rather type species (R.

elegans Cda and variety) in soil, dung, rotting plant, dead wood, etc.

R. elegans parasitizes nematodes eggs, but larvae and adults also;

R. magnus Berl. parasitizes eggs and resting stages of a species of

bdelloid rotifers.

In the plate: R. elegans CORDA

ReL:

BARRON, G. L. (1980) - The biological note of Rhopalomyces magnus. - Mycologia, 72: 427-430. BOEDIJN, K. B. (1927) - Ueber Rhopalomyces etegans Corda. - Ann. Mycol., 25: 161-166. DRECHSLER, C. (1955) - A new species of Rhopalomyces occurring in Florida. - Bull. Torrey Club, 82: 473-479. ELLIS, J. J. (1963) - A study of Rhopalomyces elegans in pure culture. - Mycologia, 55: 183-198. ZYCHA, H. (1935) Mucorineae. In Kryptogamenflora der Mark Brandenburg, 6a: 1-264.


M U C O R A L E S

H E L I C O C E P H A L I D A C E A E


Gen. Brachymyces BARRON


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate B 152

Conidiophores short, broad, hyaline, unbranched, bearing conidia at the apex; conidia large, dark ellipsoid, not septate borne singly or in an apical cluster; vegetative hyphae hyaline, non-septate, very narrow; parasitic or predaceous on microscopic animals, sexual spores and resting spores non known.

Note: The A. observes that the genus seemed related to Rhopalomyces CORDA, genus referred by Ellis (Mycologia, 55: 183, 1963) to Muco- rales

In the plate: B. megasporus BARRON. (imited from the A.).

Ref.:

BARRON, G, L. (1980) - A new genus of the Zygomycetes. Can, J. Bot., 58: 2450-2453.

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P L A T E B 152


E N T O M O P H T H O R A L E S


Gen. Tabanomyces COUCH et al.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate B 153

Mycelium initially non septate becoming septate at maturity and filling the

larval hemocoel with hyphal bodie that give rise to spherical or subspherical

gametangia colorless, smooth; gametangia fusing in pairs, one of them

emptying its contents into the other to form a zygospore. Mature zygospores ovoid or oval, rarely pyriform, colorless, wall smooth two layered. Zygo-

spores germinating form a linear four-celled conidiophore. Conidia forcibly

discharged by the sudden out-pushing of the papilla from inside the conidium with such force that they are shot away from the columella to distance.

Note: Genus created on the basis of a species originally described as Coe-

lomomyces DUDKA et al.

Pathogen of horseflies.

In the plate: T. milkoi (DUDKA & KOVAL) COUCH et al.

A-F: Early stages in the germination of zygospores.

G-J: Later stage in germination of zygospore; note in H four nuclei; in I conidia formation with vacuoles (v).

K: primary conidium (p) that has produced a secondary conidium

(s). L: one cell of conidiophore that has discharged its conidium but

that failed to get away. (from Couch et al.)

Ref. :

COUCH, J. N., ANDREEVA, R. V., LAIRD, M., NOLAN, R~ B. (1979) - Tabanomyces milkoi (Dudka et Koval) emended, genus novum, a fungal pathogen of horseflies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 2299-2302. DUDKA, L. A., KOVAL, E. Z., ANDREEVA, R. V. (1973) - Novitates Systematical Plantarum non Vascularium, 10, 88-91.

A S C O M Y C E T E S

P E Z I Z A L E S

P E Z I Z A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Bar lae ina SACCARDO


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate C 984

Apothecia rather small, with flat coloured disc, sessile; flesh thick, soft; outer surface paler. Asci cylindric, 8-spored; ascospores globose with large oil drop, 1-celled, smooth or minutely roughened, hyaline. Paraphyses slender, septate.

Note: Conforming to Clements & Shear this genus is synonymous of Lam-

prospora DE NOT.

In the plate: B. amethystina (QU~LET) SACC. & TRAV.

Ref.:

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968.

P L A T E B 984


P E Z I Z A L E S

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Scutoscypha GRADDON


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 985

Apothecia superficial which develop beneath a circular shield of radiating brown hyphae which is lifted up in its enterity. These apothecia are sessils, hyaline, with a border covered by short hairs. Escipulum hyaline with a 'textura prismatica'. Asci clavate, 8-spored; ascospores fusiform, hyaline, guttulate, 1-septate. Paraphyses filiform, hyaline, with a chlaviform apex.

Note: One species has been found on the upper surface of Fagus leaves in England. The genus is similar to Scutomollisia NANNF. but differs lbr the 'textura prismatica' of the excipulum and woody habitat.

In the plate: S. fagi GRADDON Median section with attached shield (a); marginal hairs (b); spores (c); asci and paraphyses (d).

Ref:

GRADDON, U. D. (1980)- Some new Discomycete species: 5. Trans, Br. mycol. Soc., 74: 265-269.

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P E Z I Z A L E S

P E Z I Z A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. B o u d i e r a COOKE


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 986

Apothecia terrestrial, sessile, pulvinate. Asci cylindric, 8-spored. Ascospores

globose ornamented with a deep reticulum or echinulate, ultimately brown.

Paraphyses straightly, slightly clavate.

Note: The genus is sometimes referred to the Ascobolaceae (DENNIS).

In the plate:

1. B. areolata COOKE & PHILLIPS 2. B. walkerae SEAVER

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes - Lehre, 1968. Seaver.

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P L A T E C 986

Apothecia cup-shaped, stipitate, yellow, outer surface downy. Asci cylindric, not blued by iodine, 8-spored. Ascospores broadly elliptical with two oil drops, warted. Paraphyses slender strongly curved at the tip and sometimes lobed below the apex.

In the plate: S. radicutata (SOWERBY ex FR,) NANNFELDT

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H E L O T I A L E S

H E L O T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

P H Y T O P H A T O G E N ?

Gen. Kriegeria RAB.


VERONA - BENEDEK

Pla te C 988

Apothecia gregarious or scattered, sessile or stipitate, minute, yellowish-grey to blackish when dry. Asci when young greenish, normally 8-spored; spores

at first granulae and appearing greenish, but hyaline when mature, fusiform

or rarely broad-ellipsoid, 1-celled, rarely !-septate. Paraphyses slender, simple or branched, surrounded by a greenish matrix.

Note: Chlorosypha SEAVER, considered as a valid genus by Dennis, is on

the contrary considered as a synonym of Kriegeria by Seaver.

In the plate: K. seaveri (REHM.) SEAVER.

K. enterochroma (PECK) SEAVER.

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968. SEAVER, F. J. - The North American Cup-fungi (Inoperculates). N.Y, 1961.

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P L A T E C 9 8 8

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D O T H I O R A L E S

A S T E R 1 N A C E A E ( M ~ L L E R & V. ARX)


M I C R O T H Y R I A L E S OR

M I C R O T H Y R I A C E A E S A P R O P H Y T E ( C L E M E N T S & S H E A R )

H E M I S P H A E R I A L E S M I C R O T H Y R I A C E A E

(R. W, G. D E N N I S )

Gen. E c h i d n o d e s T H E I S S N . & S Y D O W


VERONA BENEDEK

Plate C 989

Superficial mycelium formed of brown hyphae. Thyriothecia elongated, black, opening by a longitudinal slit, surrounded by a narrow belt of superficial, radiating, brown hyphae. Asci globose, 8-spored; ascospores irregularly arranged, slightly clavate, 1-septate, pale brown.

Note: According to M ~ller & von Arx this genus is synonymous of Lembo- sina THEISS.

The tropical genus Lembosia L~V, is similar; but Lembosia differs in having hyphopodia. On the bark of trees.

In the plate: General characteristic of the genus.

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P S E U D O S P H A E R I A L E S

D I M E R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Epipolaeum THEISS. & SYDOW


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate C 990

Mycelium scattered on the surface of alive or dead leaves, formed by hyphae

dematiaceous, ramose and septate. Fruit bodies small, globose, more or less brown, slightly papillate, ostiolate, sometimes covered with hyphae or setae. Asci cylindrical, bitunicate, mixed with paraphysoids, 8-spored. Ascospores

elliptical, 2-celled, yellowish, olive-green or brown.

Note: MUller & yon Arx give as synonyms of this genus: Chaetyllis CLEM. & SHEAR, Epiploca KLEB., Gibbera subgen. Xenogibbera PETR., Lasi- ostemmella PETR., Neodimerium PETR., Raciborskiomyces SIE-

MASZKO. According to Clements & Shear Pseudoparodia THEISS. & SYDOW is

synonym of this genus.

In the plate: 1. E. irradians (PAT.) THEISS. & SYDOW. 2. E. erysioheoides (ELL. & EV.) FARR.

(imited from M~iller & v. Arx (1) and Farr (2)).

Ref.:

FARR, M. L. (1966) - The didymosporous dimeriaceous fungi described from leaves of Gramineae.- Mycologia, 58: 221-248. MULLER, E., VON ARX, J. A. - Die Gattungen der didymosporen Pyrenomyceten - Bern, 1962.

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P A R O D I E L L I N A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

OR


Gen. B a l l a d y n o p s i s THEISS. & SYDOW


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 991

Mycelium superficial, smooth to verruculose, hyphopodiate, non setose, often reticulately branched and anastomosing, brown, septate, may or may not bear conidiophores. Pseudothecia superficial on mycelia, glohose to subglobose, setose, initially cleistothecioid, later with an apical pore formed by gelatinization and crumbling of the apical wall cells. Peridium thin, usually of one layer, sometimes up to three layers, pseudoparenchymatic, mostly verrucose when young, semi-transparent with a distinct outer granular cellular surface. Asci few, bitunicate, sessile to subsessile, thick walled near the apex, broadly ellipsoid to ovoid, 4-8 mostly 8 spored, ripening in succession with few asci containing mature ascospores. Ascospores initially hyaline becoming olivaceous brown to dark brown, smooth or verruculose after discharge, ellipsoid, oblong or ovoid, slightly submedianly one septate, sometimes septate in the middle, constricted at the septum, thick walled, germinating to hyphopodia. Pseudoparaphyses mucose. (Sivanesan).

Note: Anamorph: Tretospora M. B. ELLIS (I.M.: XLIV, A-1108). Syn.: Balladynastrum HANSF.; Wageria F. L. STEV. & DALBY; Xenostig- mella PETR. Balladynopsis is very closely allied to Alina RAC., Balladyna RAC. and Balladynocallia BAT. et al. (see I.M., C-993 and C-995). The various species may cause shrivelling and browning of the leaves of the Rubiaceae, Leguminosae, Umbelliferae, etc. in the tropics.

In the plate: 1. B. philippensis (H. & P. SYD.) THEISS. & SYDOW. 2. B. paradoxa (PETR.) V. ARX. 3. B. abbeissi SIVANESAN.

Ref.:

SIVANESAN, A. ( 1981) - Balladynopsis, Bqlladynocallia and Alina. C.M.I., Mycolog- ical Papers no. 146.

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P L E O S P O R A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Semif i s s i spora SWART


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 992

Ascocarps immersed scattered in dead host leaf, stromatic, globose or slightly flattened at the apex, up to 350 #m vide × 270 ~m high; wall composed of several layers of dark, thick-walled, slightly flattened cells, followed by one to three layers of thin-walled hyaline much flattened cells; ostiole placed under a stroma. Asci arising from the base of the ascocarp surrounded by thread- like paraphysoids, clavate, without distinct stalks, bitunicate. Ascospores partly biseriate, hyaline, two celled, at maturity partly splitting at the median septum and bending.

Note: Whether the genus is belonging to Pleosporaceae or Mycophaerella- ceae is discussed. On dead leaves.

In the plate: I. S. fusiformis SWART. 2. S. rotundata SWART. 3. S. etongata SWART. (from H. J. Swart).

Ref.:

SWART, H. J. (1982) - Australian leaf-inhabiting fungi: XII. Sem~ssispora sen. nov, on dead Eucaliptus leaves. Trans. Br. mycol. Soe., 78: 259-264.

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(VON A R X & M1DLLER)

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. A l i n a RAC.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 993

Colonies amphigenous, scattered, black, rounded. Mycelium in the centre of the colony is very dense forming a mat from which superficial, brown, hyphae radiate over the leaf surface and hyaline hyphae penetrate the epidermis and the mesophyll where they form an intra-matrical hypostroma. Superficial mycelium is non hyphopodiate, smooth, brown, septate, sparing- ly branched. Pseudothecia scattered in the centre of the colony, superficial, stalked, dark brown, globose to sub-globose, setose, with or without an indistinct apical pore. Setae few, brown, simple, smooth, curved, continu- ous. The one layered wall is composed of moderately thick walled, brown, semi-transparent, pseudoparenchymatic cells, with a granular surface. Asci ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, bitunicate, 8 spored. Ascospores conglobate, brown, smooth to slightly roughened, oblong, septate slightly above the middle.

Note: Conidial state: Tretospora The genus differs from Balladynops& THEISS. & SYDOW by the presence of an intramatrical hypostroma and by the lack of a hyphopodiate mycelium.

In the plate: A. jasrnini RAC. in A. conidial state

Ref. :

SIv ANESAN, A. (1981) - Balladynopsis, Baltadynocaltia and A lina. C.M.I., Mycolog- ical Papers, no. 146.

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C A P N O D I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

( S O O T Y - M O L D S )

Gen. P s e u d o m o r f e a PUNITH.


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate C 994

Mycelium spreading, superficial, dense, blackish brown to black, non setose, non hyphopodiate, composed of branched, septate, smooth, constricted hyphae with cylindrical to subglobose cells. Ascostromata perithecial, superficial, subglobose, ostiolate, setose. Perithecial setae simple, non septate, unbranched, blackish brown to black. Perithecial wall composed of many layers of pseudoparenchymatic cells. Asci cylindrical to subclavate, stipitate, 8-spored; ascus wall thin, usually with thickened apex, bitunicate, becoming evanescent. Paraphyses or interthecial tissue hyaline, simple, septate, unbranched, conspicuous in immature perithecia. Periphyses hyaline, simple, septate, unbranched, conspicuous in immature perithecia. Ascospores initially distichous, finally polystichous, yellowish brown to brown, ellipsoid, usually with 3 transverse septa, sometimes with 3 transverse septa and 1 longitudinal or oblique septum, slightly or not constricted at the septa.

Note: Anamorphic state: Chaetosbolisia SPEG. (I.M. XIV, A-339). This genus appears to be similar to that of Morfea Roze (I.M. XIII, C-179) as interpreted by Batista & Ciferri. For a brief discussion see Ref.

In the plate: P. coffeae PUNITH. (imited from the A.),

ReL:

PUNITHALINGAM, E. (1981) - Studies on Sphaeropsidales in culture: III. C.M.I., Mycol. Papers no. 149. BATIST& A. C., CIFERRI, R. (1963) - Capnodiales. Saccardoa, 1: 1-296.

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S A P R O P H Y T E

O R


Gen. B a l l a d y n o c a l l i a BATISTA APUD BATISTA et al.


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate C 995

Mycelium superficial dark brown, hyphopodiate, not setose, reticulately branched. Pseudothecia glabrous, superficial, stalked, dark brown, subglobose to globose. Asci bitunicate, 8-spored, apseudoparaphysate. Ascospores

one septate, light green to brown. (Sivanesan).

Note: Conidial state not known.

Genus represented by three species separated from one another by their ascospore size.

The genus differs from Balladinopsis THEISS & SYD. by non setose

pseudothecia and mycelia.

In the plate: B. glabra (HANSF.) BATISTA

Ref.:

BATISTA, A. C., SILVA ANA, A. A., BE ZERRA, J. L. (1965) - Balladynocallia n. gen. outros Meliolaceae. - Atas do Instituto doMicologia, 2: 215-223. S1VANESAN, A. (1981) Balladynopsis, BalladynocalliaandAtina. C.M.I., Mycolog- ical Papers no. 146.

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S P H A E R I A L E S

S P H A E R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. M a s s a r i n u l a GEN. de LAMARL.


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 996

Perithecia isolated or gregarious, first immersed, then erumpent, globose, black, ostiolate. Asci cylindric-clavate, bitunicate, 8-spored, paraphysate.

Ascospores fusiform-elliptic, l-septate, hyaline, often surrounded by a mu- cous sheath.

Note: On dead branches. According to Mfiller & v. Arx and according to Bose, this genus is synonym of Massarina SACC. (I.M., XII, C-17I).

According to Clement & Shear Massarinuta is on the contrary valid

genus. C. & S. again reported Pteridiospora PENZ. & SACC. as synonym to this genus. Affinity between the two genus is sure.

However, spores are hyalodidyme in Massarinula, while are generally hyalofragme in Massarina.

In the plate: M. italica SACC.

Ref. :

MI~LLER, E . VON ARX, J. A. - Die Gattungen der didymosporen Pyrenomyceten. In: Beitr~tge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz. Bern, 1962. BOSE, S. K. (1961) - Studies on Massarina Sacc. and related genera. Phytop, Z., 41: 151-213.

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D I A P O R T A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P s e u d o t h i s THEISS & SYDOW


VERONA - BENEDEK

Plate C 997

Stroma superficial and subepidermical, crostose. Perithecia intrastromatic, globose or flask-shaped, papillate, ostiolate, periphysate. Asci thin-walled, cylindrical, 8-spored. Spores 2-celled, red-brownish.

In the plate: P. coccodes (LI~v.) THEISS & SYDOW (imited from M~LLER & VON ARX).

Ref. :

MI~LLER, E., VON ARX, J. A. - Die Gattungen der didymosphoren Pyrenomyceten -- Bern, 1962.



H Y P O C R E A C E A E


Gen. Nectr iops i s MAIRE


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 998

Perithecia immersed into reticulate and subhyaline hyphae. Perithecia grouped, globose or pyriform, violet or red colored, ostiolate, periphysate. Asci cylindrical thin-walled, stalked, paraphysate, 8-spored, rarely 4-spored. Spores elliptical, cylindrical or fusoid, subyaline, 2-celled.

Note: Synonym, Hyphonectria (SACC.) Petch as subgenus. Conidial stage: Fusarium. The genus includes phytopathogen species of great economical value, as i.e. Nectriopsis (Hypomyces) solani (REINKE & BERTH.) BOOTH.

In the plate: N. violacea (SCHMILT ex FR.) MAIRE

ReL:

MULLER, E., VON ARX, J. A. - Die Gattungen der didymosphoren Pyrenomyeeten. Bern, 1962.

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A M P H I S P H A E R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P a r a d i d y m e l l a PETRAK


VERONA- BENEDEK

Plate C 999

Perithecia scattered, subglobose, blackish, not beaked, immersed in the host cortex and covered by a patch of dark brown hyphae, forming a minute clypeus. Asci cylindrical, 8-spored; ascospores mostly uniseriate, elliptic-fusiform, 2-celled, hyaline.

Note: Like Sydowiella PETRAK (I.M.: XXIV, C-385) but without beaks to the perithecia. This genus has been united with Griphosphaeria and Lejosphaerella V. HOHNEL under the older name Clathridium BERL. by Mtiller & Shoemaker (Can. J. Bot., 43: 1343, 1965). (Dennis). Conforming to Clements & Shear the genus is synonymous of Di- dimopsamma PETR., and Griphosphaeria synonymous of Thyridella (SACC.) SACC. On dead stems.

In the plate: P. tosta (BERKELY & BROOME) PETRAK

Ref.:

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968.

P L A T E C 999

iconographia mycologiaverona — benedek(†)

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