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Environmental Friendly BroadcastingTRANSCRIPT
Green Broadcasting: Caring
for the Environment
Sharad Sadhu Director, ABU Technology
Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
IETE Foundation Day
2 Nov 2011, New Delhi
Broadcasting Industry
and Environment
Is broadcasting environmental friendly?
Studios consume large amounts of power Studio lighting, video monitors
Air conditioning
Transmission is power hungry Generate RF power
More power means more coverage
Cooling requires more power
Receiving end Millions of TV, radio receivers
Massive consumption of power
Broadcasting is a power hungry industry
Impact on Environment
It is radiation every where Radiation from monitors
TV sets in homes BBC survey finds bulk of power in home TVs
Heat generation, radiation effect?
RF from Txs is radiation in bulk Heat generation
Cumulative effect of RF radiation
in populated areas is significant
The Chinsurah Light Bulb
RF Radiation and
Human Health
Many believe that RF affects human beings
Studies have been conducted in some countries
In 1970s, some suggested Tx staff using RF helmet shields
Subject was not pursued
“If anybody stands in front of a ST Microwave link, his mind will be affected”
MW link radiated power was ½ Watt
Green Broadcasting:
Industry Initiatives
LED lights for studio scene lighting
LCD, LED monitors in studios Reduce power consumption by 95%, radiation
Intelligent buildings Natural daylight for studio buildings
Many other carbon friendly practices Even paper-less offices help
Each web-search equals boiling two cups of tea
Energy conservation in community radio station
http://www.cameco.org/english/publications/CAMECO-Practice-Series/
Major Breakthrough in Transmission
New technologies, efficient antennas
Some MW Txs now operate at 88-90% AC to RF efficiency
But digital can cover the same areas with 10% of analogue power
Most digital TV Txs are 20-25% efficient, AC to RF Dynamic carrier control adds 30 to 50%
Adaptive pre-correction adds more
Major Breakthrough in Transmission
Digital Txs in FM band (p-to-av. power reduction) also have higher efficiency
German example 1600 FM transmitters, 5 kW power (60%)
A DAB+ network would need only 400 (30%)
Still 50% less power is used
Digital broadcasting plant is substantially more power efficient Consumption goes down by 40% gross
Lower by additional measures
What About
Operating Cost?
Green technology pays for itself
Energy cost difference in analogue and digital 2 kW transmitter is USD $100,000 over 10 years
Saving on 1000 transmitters = USD $100 M
LED lighting saves energy bills to pay for its cost in a few years
Cost of Ownership?
Concept: Cost of purchase + operating
cost for say 5 years
Value of operating efficiency needs to be included in initial purchase cost for tender evaluation
More efficient equipment gets priority in assessing ROI Savings on energy costs over long periods
Many major broadcasters have set up Green objectives for themselves MediaCorp-Singapore, NHK-Japan, ABC-Australia
Tx manufacturers have set up green specifications
Green Footprint
Enhancing green footprint does not only
mean saving energy costs
It also translates into lower RF radiation
This enhances public safety
We should also be conscious about disposal of equipment at end-of-life Only landfill option?
Or are there more greener options
What about 100s of million mobile phones / computers / TVs trashed every year? What about toxic effects on humans
Industry needs to act on this
How Huge is
Radiated Power Broadcast Tx numbers:
2004 ABU survey: 123, 000 radio + TV Txs in Asia-Pacific
2006: Europe reported 87, 000 Txs (GE-06)
Globally around 1 M transmitters
RF power levels # 20 GW MW, LF, SW: 10 to 2000 kW
FM: 1 to 100 kW
TV: up to 200 kWs
Satellites: 3,600 satellites send down 2 to 5 kW each
50, 000 feeder links send up 10 kW each
How many mobile base stations – 1 M ? Each with 10-50 W
3-4 Billion mobile phones, how much?
How Huge is
Radiated Power ..2 Microwave links and networks
LOS links All over the world
Communication sets Wide spread usage
Amateur radio
RFIs, SRDs
Radars
It is simply overwhelming
ABU Green
Broadcasting Award Green broadcasting practices need to be
encouraged
Spread message of green broadcasting
Stakeholders made aware of their
responsibilities
ABU has set up an annual
GREEN BROADCASTING AWARD
Catalyse green broadcasting
NO RF DAY !
What would you say to a day of no
transmissions, RF radiation?
Just one day in a year
Or even just one hour?
Do you think the world would be a
peaceful place?
My Commitment
Spreading message on network group
BIG-4: Carbon Footprint Reduction by Efficient
Broadcasting
http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=3098129&trk=hb_side_g
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION