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OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia
in co-operation with the Secretariat of the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)/ Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities
“IMPACT OF CORRUPTION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT NATIONAL AND SECTORAL LEVEL”
PROCEEDINGS OF THE REGIONAL SEMINAR
Held in Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan, on 26-27 May 2016, and
Hosted by the Government of Kyrgyzstan and the OSCE Centre in Bishkek
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ANTI-CORRUPTION NETWORK FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA
The Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ACN) was established in 1998 to support its members in their fight against corruption by providing a regional forum for the promotion of anti-corruption activities, exchange of information, elaboration of best practices and donor coordination. ACN is open for countries in Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. The OECD and EU members, international organisations, multilateral development banks, civil society and business associations also participate in its activities. The ACN Secretariat is based at the OECD Anti-Corruption Division. The Secretariat is guided by the ACN Steering Group and reports to the OECD Working Group on Bribery. For more information about the ACN, please refer to its website www.oecd.org/corruption/acn. THE OFFICE OF THE CO-ORDINATOR OF OSCE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITIES (OCEEA)/ OSCE SECRETARIAT
OCEEA supports the OSCE participating states in their efforts to strengthen good governance and fight corruption by assisting them in implementing their OSCE and other international anti-corruption commitments, and by offering them a regional platform for dialogue and exchange of experience and best practices. It does so mainly through political awareness raising activities, and regional capacity building and training events for representatives of governments, civil society and the private sector in the areas of corruption prevention, asset recovery and international co-operation. The network of OSCE Field Operations also supports this work through the provision of concrete and targeted technical assistance projects in corruption prevention and elimination at both central and local levels. The OCEEA recently published an OSCE Handbook on Combating Corruption.
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This seminar was made possible thanks to the voluntary contributions provided to the ACN Work Programme by Switzerland and the United States, as well as the financial contributions provided by the Government of Kyrgyzstan, the OSCE Centre in Bishkek and the Secretariat of the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)/ Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 5
MAIN FINDINGS .............................................................................................. 6
SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION ............................................................................ 8
SESSION 1: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION: EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT ... 8
SESSION 2: TOUR DE TABLE: IMPACT OF CORRUPTION PREVENTION
MEASURES IN THE REGION .......................................................................... 10
SESSION 3: IN FOCUS: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN EDUCATION ........ 12
a) Prevention of corruption in education: experience of Kyrgyzstan ....... 12 b) Prevention of corruption in education: good practices worldwide and in the region .............................................................................................. 12
SESSION 4: IN FOCUS: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN THE
EXTRACTIVE/RESOURCE INDUSTRY .............................................................. 14
SESSION 5: WORK IN GROUPS ...................................................................... 15
Group 1a) Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact ..... 15 Group 1b) Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact (Traffic police) ........................................................................................... 18 Group 2) Corruption prevention in education .......................................... 21 Group 3) Corruption prevention in the extractive/resource industry ...... 22
SESSION 6: CONCLUDING TOUR DE TABLE ................................................... 25
End of the seminar .................................................................................... 25
ANNEX A: AGENDA OF THE SEMINAR .......................................................... 26
ANNEX B: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ................................................................. 33
ANNEX C: TOUR-DE-TABLE SPEECHES .......................................................... 40
1) Armenia ................................................................................................ 40 2) Azerbaijan ............................................................................................. 48 3) Georgia .................................................................................................. 51 4) Kazakhstan (Ministry of Education) ...................................................... 55 5) Kazakhstan (Ministry of Civil Service Affairs) ........................................ 63
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INTRODUCTION
The seminar “Impact of Corruption Prevention Measures at National and Sectoral Level” took place on 26-27 May 2016 in Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan. It is part of a series of corruption prevention seminars implemented under the ACN Work Programme. Previous seminars were held in Jurmala, Latvia, in June 2013, in Tirana, Albania, in June 2014 and in Zagreb, Croatia, in May 2015. Earlier, a series of seminars on Asset Declarations for Public Officials as a Tool to Prevent Corruption were organised in Serbia, France and the Kyrgyz Republic. The event was hosted by the Government of Kyrgyzstan and the OSCE Centre in Bishkek, and organised by the OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ACN) together with the Secretariat of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)/ Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities. The seminar also benefited from the expertise and participation of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) and Open Society Initiative (OSI). This seminar focused on the following topics:
Effectiveness and impact of corruption prevention measures at national and sectoral level;
Prevention of corruption in sectors of education and the extractive/resource industry. The event combined expert presentations, roundtable discussions and group work. Approximately 46 participants, including representatives of 12 countries, as well as the OECD, OSCE, the EU and the UNDP, attended the event. Participants came from state bodies responsible for the fight against corruption, public education and natural resources, as well as from the civil society groups engaged in corruption prevention in these sectors. The list of participants is attached in Annex B. These proceedings contain a summary of the discussion, the seminar agenda and the list of participants, as well as tour-de-table presentations from several participants from the first day of the seminar.
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MAIN FINDINGS
1. The nature of corruption risks can be very different in different sectors, as can be seen from the examples of education and natural resources discussed at this seminar.
2. However, the methodologies that can be used in different sectors to prevent corruption are similar and include such main elements as conducting risk assessments, developing anti-corruption plans at the level of ministries or administrations, as well as introducing transparency and public participation measures, such as presented in the ACN thematic study "Corruption Prevention in the Public Sector" and the ''OSCE Handbook on Combating Corruption".
3. To ensure success of sectoral anti-corruption initiatives, a real demand for corruption prevention measures must exist among employees/ civil servants working in the respective ministries and administrations but also among citizens, businesses and the international community, and it has to exert sufficient pressure on the sectoral leadership, e.g. the Minister, to act.
4. At the same time, demand alone is not enough, high-level political buy-in is necessary for successful anti-corruption measures.
5. Various anti-corruption measures should be well-coordinated, including sector-specific and horizontal anti-corruption measures in the country.
6. Corruption prevention measures should be systematised to a degree, through, for example, a sector/ ministry specific corruption prevention action plan, in addition to ad-hoc actions.
7. Several ingredients are crucial for developing an effective sectoral corruption prevention plan: i. Allocation of responsibility, ideally to an internal unit within a ministry or to a person
with a clear mandate. While external pressure can kickstart the process, it must be internalised to become sustainable.
ii. An internal risk assessment to inform the actions taken. iii. Consultation with a variety of actors in the creation of the action plan. iv. Regular monitoring and evaluation, including by independent actors, such as NGOs. v. Indicators helping to assess and demonstrate the success of corruption prevention
measures. 8. Transparency, regulatory simplifications and e-governance solutions should be an integral part
of all corruption prevention measures, including the publication of data on budgets and procurement, removing unnessary bureaucratic procedures as well as provision of services online.
9. A comprehensive approach to tackling corruption must seek to root out motivations for corrupt behaviour, (e.g. uncompetitive salaries or the scarcity of a resource), in addition to reducing opportunities to engage in corrupt behaviour.
10. While corruption prevention measures should not necessarily be expensive, sufficient funding must be ensured to implement them, ideally from the state budget rather than donor grants.
11. Publish and promote best practices and achievements in the prevention of corruption. 12. It would be useful to develop a unified portal (such as a website, file sharing, an e-panel) with a
database of normative legal acts in the area of combating corruption for OECD ACN countries.
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Participants of the seminar on "Impact of Corruption Prevention Measures at National and Sectoral Level"
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SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION
Mr. Tilek Saiakbaev, Head of the Law Enforcement, Defence and Anti-corruption Policy of Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan, together with Ms.Yulia Minaeva, Senior Economic and Environmental Officer, OSCE Centre in Bishkek, Ms. Ermeldina Meksi, Deputy Co-ordinator/ Head, Economic Activities, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities/ OSCE Secretariat, and Ms. Olga Savran, Manager of the OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ACN), opened the seminar.
SESSION 1: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION: EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT
The first session focused on corruption prevention measures and their effectiveness, as well as monitoring and assessment of their impact. It offered an opportunity to delegates from Kyrgyzstan to present the achievements and challenges in preventing corruption in the public sector. The session was chaired by Mrs. Rusudan Mikhelidze, Project Manager, ACN, OECD. It included four presentations and a discussion. Mr. Tilek Saiakbaev, Head of the Law Enforcement, Defence and Anti-corruption Policy of Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan, and other delegates from Kyrgyzstan presented the achievements and challenges of corruption prevention in the country. Corruption prevention is gaining importance in Kyrgyzstan's anti-corruption policy. The latter is becoming more systemic, as co-ordination among various decision-making centres has improved. The Secretariat of the Ministry of Defence is currently elaborating an anti-corruption strategy. Its Working Group, consisting of representatives from the government, civil society, education institutions, and NGOs, has already held 55 meetings. In the future, Kyrgyzstan plans to better involve civil society through information campaigns. Mrs. Olga Savran, Manager, ACN, OECD, reminded participants about the Thematic Study of ACN on Prevention of Corruption in the Public Sector, available here in English and Russian languages. This cross-country report analyses the preventive measures that have proven to be effective in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, with some examples from OECD countries. She specifically focused on Chapter Three of the report on the "Inventory of Reviewed Prevention Measures". Mrs. Savran mentioned several positive examples from the study, such as Estonia's evaluation of civil service opinion of corruption risk, Georgia's use of NGO monitoring, Slovenia's conflict of interest measures, and Romania's creation of effective mechanisms for whistleblower protection. Mr. Mihai Barlici, Head of Anti-corruption Studies and Prognosis Unit, Anti-corruption General Directorate, Romania, made a presentation about the state of affairs of anti-corruption reforms in
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Romania (presentation slides are available in English). He described the overall anti-corruption legal and institutional framework in Romania and noted that while enforcment of anti-corruption laws has improved recently, most evaluations indicate that the level of corruption in the country remains high. He further described the corruption prevention measures that have been recently deployed in the Ministry of Interior of Romania, and were composed of the establishment of the Anti-Corruption Directorate, assessment of corruption risks, development of Corruption Risk Management (CRM) and education and awareness raising among employees of the Ministry. Mr. Roel Janssens, Economic Adviser, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities (OCEEA), presented the OSCE Handbook on Combating Corruption, available online here (presentation slides are available in English). This handbook includes 20 chapters on various aspects of combating corruption and over 200 international best practice examples and case studies. It aims to be an "all-in-one" reference guide compiling and synthesizing standards and approaches of a number of key anti-corruption standard setters. It is aimed at advanced readers, anti-corruption policymakers and practitioners. The handbook was prepared by the OSCE in close consultation with the OECD, UNODC, Council of Europe's GRECO, ODIHR and external consultants. The discussion that followed focused on the role and ways of engaging civil society in preventing corruption. The general opinion was that it is important to engage civil society in the elaboration of corruption prevention policy and to share the results with civil society representatives. Mr. Tilek Saiakbayev, Prime Minister's Office of Kyrgyzstan, mentioned that Kyrgyzstan is developing a law on monitoring the compliance system at local level. He also informed participants that a 2012 study found public trust to have increased significantly. Mr. Marat Karataev, Head of Unit on Strategic Planning and International Co-operation, Secretariat of the Defence Council of Kyrgyzstan, mentioned that the often poor knowledge of anti-corruption measures by the public and a lack of co-operation among various organisations in anti-corruption policy poses a big challenge for Kyrgyzstan. Ms. Nuria Kutnaeva, Officer of Unit on Strategic Planning and International Co-operation, Secretariat of the Defence Council of Kyrgyzstan, stated that civil councils participate in the development of action plans. Mr. Mihai Barlici, mentioned that a progress update on the national anti-corruption strategy is published every three months. The government uses perception of corruption as one of the indicators. Mr. Barlici underlined the importance of publishing studies. Mrs. Rusudan Mikhelidze, commended Georgia and Kyrgyzstan for their civil society engagement in anti-corruption policy-making.
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SESSION 2: TOUR DE TABLE: IMPACT OF CORRUPTION PREVENTION MEASURES IN THE REGION
During this session, national experts and NGOs presented brief updates about progress and impact of implementing corruption prevention measures in their countries as recommended by the Thematic Study of ACN on Prevention of Corruption in the Public Sector. ACN performance indicators served as guidance for structuring their presentations. Ms. Ermelinda Meksi chaired this session. The following updates were provided:
Mr. Marat Karataev, Head of Unit on Strategic Planning and International Co-operation, Secretariat of the Defence Council, Kyrgyzstan, stated that expert studies are carried out to analyse the activities of agencies. Short-term, medium-term and long-term monitoring takes place, after which results are communicated through press releases and published.
Mr. Mihai Barlici, Head of Anti-corruption Studies and Prognosis Unit, Anti-corruption General Directorate, Romania, informed participants about a yearly survey, the final report of which is made available to the general public.
Ms. Lilit Nazaryan, National Education Programme Co-ordinator, Open Society Foundations - Armenia, stated that the participation of Armenia's civil society is formally ensured and that the country has a robust legal framework on access to information (speech provided in Annex C1 in English).
Mr. Aleksandr Filenneko, Deputy Head of the Department for the Fight against Corruption and Organised Crime, Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of Belarus, reported that a yearly evaluation of implementation of the government's five-year strategy takes place, and that consultations are carried out at national, regional and local level.
Mr. Farid Farzaliyev, Head, EITI Secretariat, Azerbaijan, stated that this year's presidential decree on the implementation of open government requests all government agencies to increase transparency and involve civil society more.
Mr. Elmir Hesenov, Head Advisor, Internal Audit Department, Ministry of Education, Azerbaijan, informed participants that an internal control unit was established in the Ministry in 2013 (speech provided in Annex C2 in Russian). The Prosecutor General and the Ombudsman have also contributed to anti-corruption reforms in education.
Ms. Gulisa Kakhniashvili, Legal Adviser at Strategic Development Unit of Analytical Department, Ministry of Justice of Georgia, informed participants that Georgia has an open data portal, where it publishes information. Any citizen can provide information on law infringement online through an electronic declaration system. The existing anti-corruption plan includes 13 sectors, among them education, and has carried out a series of reforms since its creation (speech provided in Annex C3 in English).
Ms. Lyazzat Makush, Head of Division, Claim-related Activities of the Legal Department of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, stated that Kazakhstan has a complex anti-corruption plan, consisting of 78 activities. Changes in the study process were implemented over 2015-2016 (speech provided in Annex C4 in Russian).
Ms. Natalia Malyarchuk, Founder and Director of PR & Consulting Group Motivation; Head of the board of trustees of Transparency Kazakhstan, mentioned an anti-corruption television campaign.
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Mr. Ravil Tyulebaeyev, Expert of Anti-corruption Monitoring Division of the Anti-corruption Policy Department, Ministry of Civil Service Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, highlighted the ministry's automation of public services as one of its main achievements. In 2016, the government adopted a law on government service procurement (speech provided in Annex C5 in Russian).
Mr. Shodkom Tursunov, Deputy Head of the Prevention Department, Agency for State Financial Control and Fight against Corruption, Tajikistan, mentioned that the government's special programme for 2013-2015 has a chapter dedicated to preventing corruption in education and health sectors.
Ms. Nodira Zikrillaeva, Training Centre under the Ministry of Finance, Deputy Head of the Working Group of the Commission for Countering Corruption in the Ministry of Finance, Uzbekistan, mentioned a law on electronic government and cameras in education institutes as good practices.
Ms. Iryna Us, Deputy Head of Department of Organisation Work for Prevention and Detection of Corruption; Head of Division of Whistleblowers Protection Policy, Ukraine, stated that there is a new electronic declaration system in Ukraine, and that all officials will be able to make online declarations this year.
Ms. Nuria Kutnaeva, Officer of Unit on Strategic Planning and International Cooperation, Secretariat of the Defence Council, Kyrgyzstan, mentioned a draft law on whistleblower protection, online tax declaration and the testing of governmet officials.
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SESSION 3: IN FOCUS: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN EDUCATION
During this session, participants concentrated on measures to prevent corruption in the education sector. Speakers from ACN countries and experts shared good practices and efficient measures for preventing corruption in the education sector and their impact. Ms. Yulia Minaeva moderated the session.
a) Prevention of corruption in education: experience of Kyrgyzstan
Ms. Erkayim Mambetalieva, Executive Director, Association “Taza Shailoo”, Kyrgyzstan, shared Kyrgyzstan's experience in preventing corruption in the education sector (presentation slides are available in Russian). Based on a 2013 study of corruption risks, ministries and government agencies created a plan for tackling corruption-prone areas. The Ministry of Education prepared an anti-corruption plan in education and has an active policy for including civil society in its work. According to Ms. Mambetalieva, transparency in education institutions has improved significantly in Kyrgyzstan. Mr. Alexandr Ivanov, Director of the Foundation for Education Initiatives Support in Bishkek, explained the activities of the foundation and his findings on anti-corruption measures in education in Kyrgyzstan (presentation slides are available in Russian). The organisation works with the Ministry of Education of Kyrgyzstan on education-related studies. Currently the government of Kyrgyzstan is working on several anti-corruption measures:
Comprehensive testing
Implementation of per capita financing
Trusteeship councils He went over the plan for removing systemic corruption in education in Kyrgyzstan, which has been approved by the Secretary of Defence Council of Kyrgyzstan on 23 May 2014. He also highlighted the importance of having education programmes and campaigns against corruption.
b) Prevention of corruption in education: good practices worldwide and in the region
Ms. Kateryna Obvintseva, Policy Analyst, Policy Advice and Implementation Division, Directorate for Education and Skills, OECD, shared with the participants the OECD toolkit for promoting integrity in education, and the current work the OECD is conducting on integrity in education in Ukraine (presentation slides are available in English and in Russian). The OECD Integrity of Education Systems (INTES) project methodology was developed in 2011 and has been used in three countries so far (Serbia, Tunisia and Armenia). It is a living document which undergoes changes after every project. INTES does not investigate concrete cases, but studies the education system as a whole to see how the system overall can be stable while facing corruption risks, where the weaknesses lie and what the motivations are for various stakeholders. INTES covers all level of education, with a focus on a specific level if there is a need, and develops recommendations together with local stakeholders. The results of the current INTES project in Ukraine will be presented to the Ministry of Education in Ukraine on 28 October 2016.
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Mr. Vyacheslav Brukhovetskyi, Honorary President, Kyiv Mohyla Academy, Ukraine, highlighted that it is impossible to remove corruption through only one action, and that a complex approach to the problem is required. He emphasised corruption as a result of certain conditions that must be examined, as corruption appears in situations where one is unable to achieve something or lacks the motivation to achieve something. The Kyiv Mohyla Academy has managed to be a corruption-free institution largely through the use of anonymous testing. Mr. Yegor Stadny, Executive Director of CEDOS think tank, Ukraine, spoke about the activities of CEDOS and some innovative tools that CEDOS uses to tackle corruption. Rather than working on corruption itself, the centre works on secondary and higher education, as well as migration and city development policy. Its goals are to identify the weakest points and look for durable solutions in order to contribute to policymaking and to reduce information asymmetry. One of the most significant issues that Mr. Stadny identified in integrity in education is underfilled schools where teachers teach several subjects at once. The innovative tools CEDOS uses are:
1) School map of Ukraine. CEDOS collects data about the school network, funding and academic results of students, and aggregates them into a single database. Policymakers and the public can assess the state of secondary education in qualitative terms using interactive charts and maps. There is also a possibility to download all the data. CEDOS can share the School map code with anybody who aims to analyse the school network.
2) Profrights.org collects data about various abuses in Ukrainian universities. By the end of May 2016, more than 360 cases (complaints) of violations of students' and faculty members' rights in universities all over Ukraine were collected and presented on the interactive map. All complaints are checked before being published. As a preventive tool, the project allows future applicants to avoid universities which violate student rights. At the same time, the site informs students and teachers about their rights and obligations, as well as about the means to defend their rights. The code for accessing the site could be shared with anybody who aims to protect students and faculty members from rights violations in their countries.
Ms. Lilit Nazaryan, Education Program Co-ordinator, Open Society Foundations (OSF) - Armenia, gathers information on education rights in Armenia. The goal is to support curricula development by integrating human rights considerations into it. She stated that while OSF had many successful projects in 2013, there has been a lack of positive developments. The most important reforms in the country's education system have been implemented within World Bank-funded programmes. OSF participated in the OECD INTES project. The most important risk that was identified for the sector through the project was politicisation, with almost all teachers having been appointed through a corrupt procedure. The government of Armenia now accepts that there is corruption in the education system, in large part due to the INTES project, but sector-specific education plans are missing. A positive development is that the Prime Minister has asked the Minister of Education to develop such a plan. During the discussion, participants focused on why the education sector is prone to corruption and which areas are particularly vulnerable, as well as effective measures for preventing corruption and for monitoring the implementation of anti-corruption measures.
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SESSION 4: IN FOCUS: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN THE EXTRACTIVE/RESOURCE INDUSTRY
During this thematic session, participants examined prevention of corruption in the extractive/resource industry, including the effects of corruption on the sector, effective corruption prevention measures and their impact. Mr. Tilek Saiakbaev moderated this session. Ms. Lahra Liberti, Head of Unit, Natural Resources-based Development, OECD, presented on "Corruption in the Extractive Value Chain: Typology of Risks, Mitigation Measures and Incentives" (presentation slides are available in English and in Russian). She mentioned that one in five cases of transnational bribery occurs in the extractive sector. The main objective of the OECD typology is to empower policymakers, law enforcement officials and stakeholders to map out risks in the extractive industry in prevention efforts in both the public and private spheres, and to tailor responses to corruption patterns. The typology was created using a variety of sources in 2015 and released during the OECD Integrity Forum on 19-20 April. The report shows that the majority of corruption cases involve high-level officials from central and local governments in contract awarding, revenue management and allocation. The report is available online here in English. State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are involved in twenty percent of reported cases and are particularly vulnerable to corruption. Mr. Farid Farzaliyev, Head, EITI Secretariat, Azerbaijan, presented about EITI activities in the country (presentation slides are available in Russian). He stated that Azerbaijan joined EITI in 2003. The main idea was that companies should publicise their contribution to government revenue. Azerbaijan is the first country to publish EITI results and has released the largest number of EITI reports (19). The UN has awarded EITI Azerbaijan for improving transparency in the civil service. Mr. Ulan Ryskulov, Deputy Director of the State Agency on Geology and Mineral Resources, Kyrgyzstan, presented on the implementation of the step-by-step plan to eliminate systemic corruption in the government agency for geology and mineral resources of Kyrgyzstan (presentation slides are available in Russian). He stated that 153 companies in Kyrgyzstan yearly report to EITI. The main complaint regarding the government has been the lack of transparency of government agencies. Several important legislative changes have taken place. The government's geology agency used to be the most corrupt, but now it is one of the most transparent government agencies. An electronic interactive map of mineral resources has been created. During the discussion, participants focused on what makes the extractive industry particularly vulnerable to corruption, and on how to effectively measure and prevent corruption in the resource industry.
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SESSION 5: WORK IN GROUPS
During this session, participants were split into four working groups to draft action plans on the topics of 1a) Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact; 1b) Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact; 2) Corruption prevention in education; and 3) Corruption prevention in extractive industries. A selected rapporteur for each group then presented the action plans to all the participants. The results are summarised below.
Group 1a) Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact
About the Working Group
Moderators Olga Savran and Yulia Minaeva
Rapporteur(s) Nodira Zikrillaeva and Gulisa Kakhniashvili
Members 1. Marine Tovmasyan, Law expert at Anti-corruption Program Monitoring Division of Armenian Government
2. Karen Hakobyan, Head of the Legal Organisation Division, Ministry of Justice of Armenia
3. Gulisa Kakhniashvili, Legal Adviser, Strategic Development Unit of Analytical Department, Ministry of Justice of Georgia
4. Ravil Tyulebaeyev, Expert of Anti-corruption Monitoring Division of the Anti-corruption Policy Department, Ministry of Public Service Affairs, Kazakhstan
5. Tilek Saiakbaev, Head of the Law enforcement, Defence and Anti-corruption Policy of Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan
6. Pruteanu Ion Vasile, Inspector Superior, Head of the Trainings and Civil Interaction Unit of the Risk Assessment Centre, National Anti-corruption Centre, Moldova
7. Sarangerel Jugder, Officer of Prevention and Public Awareness Department, Independent Authority Against Corruption of Mongolia
8. Mihai Barlici, Head of Anti-corruption Studies and Prognosis Unit, Anti-corruption General Directorate, Romania
9. Bogdan Shapka, Head of Anti-corruption Policy Department, National Agency for Corruption Prevention, Ukraine
10. Nodira Zikrillaeva, Training Centre under the Ministry of Finance, Deputy Head of the Working Group of the Commission for Countering Corruption in the Ministry of Finance, Uzbekistan
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Results Composition of the working group and the process
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Economy
Public Procurement Agency
Information Technology Agency
Anti-Corruption Agency
Public Service Agency
Transparency International, Open Society Foundation; NGO for Open Government
Council of Europe; European Union Risk assessment
Analysis of the legislation: o On conflict of interest o Code of ethics o On protection of whistleblowers
Analysis of statistics: o Whistleblowers (reporting and protection mechanisms issued) o Number of cases on infringement of the code of ethics o Analysis of self-assessment of all public service agencies
Conducting surveys: o Perception of corruption of the society o Public expectations from the public service o Public trust of the public service o Integrity violations (how often have you had to pay bribe) o Analysis of the reports and recommendations of national and international organisations
Financial resources needed: EUR 100 000 – state budget Action Plan
Risk/Objective Measure/Activity Timeline and Fund (EUR)
Responsible Agency/Partner Agency
Result/Assessment Criteria
Reform and Implementation of the Legislation
Elaboration of legislation on recruitment and rotation procedure
100 000 6 months 1 year 3 years
New agency responsible for the elaboration of anti-corruption policy documents; Public service agency; Ministry of
Legislation is elaborated
Implementation of the ethics norms
100 000 6 months 1 year 3 years
Number of violations of the code; Level of trust
Lack of transparency and
100 000 6 months 1 year
Flow of the staff members
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criteria for the remuneration of civil servants
3 years
Justice 80 salary/20 bonuses
Conflict of interests
100 000 6 months 1 year 3 years
Monitoring of conflict of interests; Decrease of the violations
Development/Establishment of the Asset Declaration agency
Elaboration of the asset declaration normative acts
1 mln
6 months 1 year 3 years
Legislation is in place; Implementation/Elaboration of the Information Technology; Agency is established;
Development of the Software
6 months 1 year 3 years
The filling out of declaration forms is possible
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Group 1b) Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact (Traffic police)
The scope of the working group includes the imposition of administrative sanctions, corporate responsibility, driving permits, licensing of driving schools, technical check-up of automobiles. About the Working Group
Moderators Marat Karataev and Nuria Kutnaeva
Rapporteur(s) Marat Karataev
Members 1. Aleksandr Filenneko, Deputy Head of the Department for the Fight against Corruption and Organised Crime, Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of Belarus
2. Viktor Korzun, Head of the Department for Organisation and Control Activities, Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of Belarus
3. Talant Mamyrov, Senior Prosecutor of International Legal Cooperation Department, General Prosecutors Office of Kyrgyzstan
4. Shodkom Tursunov, Deputy Head of the Prevention Department, Agency for State Financial Control and Fight against Corruption, Tajikistan
5. Tursunbekov Xudayberdi, Prosecutor, Department for Countering Organised Crime and Corruption, Prosecutor General's Office, Uzbekistan
6. Rahmonzoda Jamshed, Senior Specialist from the Defence and Rule of Law, Presidential Executive Office, Tajikistan
Results
Members of the Working Group
Government representatives who oversee the sector
Prosecutor General's office
Civil society
Traffic police (interested party)
Association of drivers
Representatives of accounting police (for audit)
Anti-corruption agency
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Finance (for provision of funds)
Action Plan
1. Create a communication platform
2. Define tasks, objectives and an action plan
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3. Analysis of corruption risks, opportunities, schemes
4. Reasons
5. Measures and methods of preventing corruption in traffic police
6. Implementation of measures
7. Control: monitoring and assessment
Risk assessment
Collection of information and statistics together with the civil society, associations and experts
Study of open sources of information (mass media, sites) and government sources of information
Legal bodies should be involved in this exercise
Legal and functional analysis
Staff question
Study of international examples such as Romania and organisational reports
Measures to study corruption risks:
1. Removal of legislative gaps (administrative code, legislative acts)
2. Maximum automation
3. Outsourcing if possible
4. Staff policy (job rotation, training, re-skilling, advanced training)
5. Functions (structural changes)
6. Formation of knowledge about rights (roundtables, conferences, consultations)
Action plan
No. Activity Responsible agency Dates
1 Removal of legislative gaps:
Tender
Installation
Approbation
Launch
Ministry of Transport
Traffic police
Representatives of local governments
Representatives of the Working Group
2016-2018
2 Legal and functional
analysis
Ministry of Justice
Prosecutor General
Representatives of
the Working Group
Traffic police
Civil defence
2016-2017
3 Staff question Ministry of
Education
Traffic police
2016-2017
20
Anti-corruption
Agency
Prosecutor General
Civil defence
Representatives of
the Working Group
4 Outsourcing Ministry of Justice
Prosecutor General
Working Group
members
Traffic police
Civil defence
2016-2017
5 Structural changes Ministry of Justice
Prosecutor General
Working Group
members
Traffic police
Civil defence
2016-2017
6 Formation of knowledge
about rights
Mass media
Ministry of
Education
Civil defence
Consultations/
seminars
On a permanent basis
Control and co-ordination of implementation
1. Monitoring and evaluation
2. Civilian control
3. Informing through a trust line etc.
4. A mechanism for motivating those who have experienced corruption or participated in
corruption, including traffic control workers
5. Co-ordination would occur through the working group, co-ordination bodies and institutions such
as the law enforcement agency
Indicators
Increase of revenue in government budget
Decrease of complaints from citizens
Reduction in the number of administrative accountability and disciplinary liability cases
Reduction in the number of road traffic accidents
Social surveys of traffic police
Increase in the population's trust of government
21
Ensuring transparency in traffic police activities
Who can help monitor the indicators?
Subordinate organisations
Ratings of international organisations (UNDP, OSCE, TI, OECD)
Involvement of the civilian sector
Group 2) Corruption prevention in education
About the Working Group
Moderators Kateryna Obvintseva and Olga Olson
Rapporteur(s) Nuria Kutnaeva and Lilit Nazaryan
Members 1. Lilit Nazaryan, National Education Program Coordinator, Open Society Foundation, Armenia
2. Elmir Hasanov, Head Advisor, Internal Audit Department, Ministry of Education, Azerbaijan
3. Natalia Malyarchuk, Founder and Director of PR&Consulting Group Motivation; Head of the board of trustees of Transparency Kazakhstan
4. Lyazzat Makush, Head of Division, Claim-related activities of the Legal Department, Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan
5. Alexandr Ivanov, Foundation Education Initiatives Support in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
6. Vyacheslav Brukhovetskyi, Honorary President, Kyiv Mohyla Academy, Ukraine
7. Yegor Stadny, Executive Director of CEDOS think tank, Ukraine
Results
Members of the Working Group
The Working Group will include experts from the education sphere (2-3 experts) who know about
corruption risks
A variety of stakeholders will be consulted at a later stage, among them:
o Ministry of Education
o Ministry of Finance
o Regional agencies
o Ministry of Social Development
o Ministry of Justice
o Anti-corruption agency
o Civil society representatives
o Associations (providers, employers)
o Lawyers-consultants
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Corruption risks
Sources that will be studied to identify risks and risk zones include:
o Statistics
o Studies of open and alternative sources of information
o Employee investigations
o Criminal cases/ complaints from the public
o Functional monitoring (legislation)
Objectives
Removal of corruption risks
Prioritisation by zone (a methodology for prioritisation? what is more important and what is
easier?)
a) Optimisation of the financing system
b) Staff policy
c) Government procurement
Measures for a) Optimisation of the financing system
1. Review the methods and formula of financing, including qualitative indicators
2. Introduce automation of the Ministry of Education's resources
3. Monitoring of Ministry of Education resources
a. Working Group with experts, together with those who developed the original plan
i. Social surveys of users of services in education
ii. Yearly studies and inspections
iii. External evaluation of civil experience
iv. International organisations
Baseline indicators will be developed before the second study
Implementation (over a period of two years)
Resources will include international donors, government resources and internal human resources
Monitoring should be conducted on a regular basis
Overarching monitoring and alternative reports will also be available
Group 3) Corruption prevention in the extractive/resource industry
About the Working Group
Moderators Olga Savran and Lahra Liberti
Rapporteur(s) Nuripa Mukanova
Members 1. Farid Farzaliyev, Head, EITI Secretariat, Azerbaijan 2. Erkaiym Mambetaliyeva, Executive Director of association
"Taza shayloo", Kyrgyzstan 3. Ulan Ryskulov, Deputy Director, State Agency on Geology
23
and Mineral Resources, Kyrgyzstan 4. Nuripa Mukanova, Head of Anti-Corruption Business
Council, Kyrgyzstan 5. Iryna Us, Deputy Head of Department of Organisation Work
for Prevention and Detection Corruption; Head of Division of Whistleblowers Protection Policy, Ukraine
6. Sukh-Ochir Lkhagvasuren, Head of Inspection Division, Independent Authority Against Corruption of Mongolia
Results Members of the Working Group
Cabinet of Ministers
Ministry of Natural Resources and Geology, Finance/Tax/Environment/Culture
NGOs s.a. TI, EITI
Copper companies
Chamber of Commerce, of Mining
SOEs
Natural resources fund
Local government
Action plan
Develop a mid-term action plan for two years
Develop open and transparent license procedure
Set up objective criteria
Open tendering and billing procedure which will have strong conflict of interest
Corruption risks
1. Licensing: objective and transparent licensing procedures
2. Ownership
3. Social and environmental issues
1. Licensing (Open and transparent licensing procedure)
Two-year actions:
Open registry
Objective criteria for awarding a license
Tendering and bidding
Budget will be allocated on the following:
State: setting out a clear assignment and training; software and hardware
Private sector: software and hardware, baseline survey and follow-up
Donors and NGOs: training and awareness for stakeholders (seminars etc.)
24
Indicators:
Increase of social spending and its effectiveness
Increase of the number of bidders
Companies reporting that the system has more integrity
2. Ownership of companies' structure (prevention of political corruption in this sector)
Actions
Open information in registries about final beneficial owners
Disqualification of offshore companies
Domestic legislation for corporate disclosure (in consultation with EITI)
Participation in international discussions on this issue
Invitation of investigative journalists to inform the working group about real cases
Survey of perception of political corruption
Budget
IT department resources to run registry
Missions to international consultations (English-language classes needed)
A law expert is required for research
Expert opinion from abroad
Public hearing, information dissemination and awareness
Indicators
More cases have been detected and prosecuted
Legislation has been adopted
A survey shows a decrease of perception of political corruption
3. Social and environmental issues (land tenure does not create social tension, and there is social
protection of workers and local populations)
Actions
Ongoing monitoring of social obligations (by officials, NGOs and companies)
Social obligations are part of the contract with companies
Stakeholder consultations
Impact assessment and procedure for assessment (anti-corruption screening)
Indicators
Baseline and follow-up survey about corruption of local population
Results from monitoring
25
SESSION 6: CONCLUDING TOUR DE TABLE
During this session, participants had an opportunity to state what tools presented at the seminar they would be able to use in their work in the next year and what issues they would like to be discussed at the next seminar. Ms. Olga Savran moderated this session. Among the useful tools from the seminar, the following were mentioned:
Sharing of experience among the participants
Sector-specific information
Informal connections
Practical work Among issues to be discussed at the next seminar, the following were mentioned:
Study of poor practices would be useful, with advice on how to resolve the issues
Prioritisation of corruption risks
Advice on an institutional framework/ set-up
A working model example, an independent methodology for an anti-corruption strategy
Whistleblower protection
A methodology for foreseeing corruption risks
More alternative viewpoints, such as civil society
Other sector-specific corruption-prevention strategies (such as health)
Innovative approaches to electronic government (and other electronic tools) as well as public management
More time on discussion and group work
Opportunities to discuss directly with experts from OECD/OSCE Participants were invited to fill out evaluation questionnaires. 23 answers were received. The OECD ACN will send out a questionnaire to the participants 6 months after the date of the seminar to see which tools the countries are using.
End of the seminar
Ms. Ermelinda Meksi officially closed the seminar. She was especially interested in the sector-specific (education and the extractive industry) sessions. She encourages everyone to start and continue the work that was begun before, and looks forward to continuing working with the OECD and other partners.
26
ANNEX A: AGENDA OF THE SEMINAR
Organised by the OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (OECD ACN)
and
the Secretariat of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)/ Office of the Co-
ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities
Hosted by the Government of Kyrgyzstan and the OSCE Centre in Bishkek
REGIONAL EXPERT SEMINAR
IMPACT OF CORRUPTION PREVENTION MEASURES AT NATIONAL AND SECTORAL LEVEL
26-27 May 2016
Hotel ‘Karven Four Seasons’, Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan
27
WEDNESDAY, 25 MAY 2016 14:00-18:00 Arrival of participants to Issyk-Kul, Resort ‘Karven Four Seasons’ (transportation to
the meeting venue in Issyk-Kul is provided by the OSCE Centre in Bishkek) 19:00 DINNER
DAY I THURSDAY, 26 MAY 2016 8:00-9:00
BREAKFAST
9:30-10:00 WELCOMING REMARKS Mr. Tilek Saiakbaev, Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan
H.E. Ambassador Sergey Kapinos, the Head of the OSCE Centre in Bishkek Ms. Ermelinda Meksi, Deputy Co-ordinator/ Head, Economic Activities, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities/ OSCE Secretariat Ms. Olga Savran, Manager, Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia, OECD
10:00-11:30 SESSION 1: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION: EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT This session will provide an opportunity to the host country to present its achievements and share challenges in preventing corruption in the public sector. It will also allow the ACN Secretariat to disseminate the thematic study Prevention of Corruption in the Public Sector and the OCEEA to present its OSCE Handbook on Combating Corruption. Inter alia, the session will discuss how the implementation of corruption prevention measures can be monitored more effectively, and how the impact of preventive measures can be assessed, including at sectoral level. Moderator: Ms. Rusudan Mikhelidze, OECD/ACN Speakers:
PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN KYRGYZSTAN Mr. Tilek Saiakbaev, Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC SECTOR, Thematic Study of ACN Mrs. Olga Savran, Manager, Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia, OECD Mr. Mihai Barlici, Head of Anti-corruption Studies and Prognosis Unit, Anti-corruption General Directorate, Romania OSCE HANDBOOK ON COMBATTING CORRUPTION Mr. Roel Janssens, Economic Adviser, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities, OCEEA
DISCUSSION 11:30-12:00 FAMILY PICTURE AND COFFEE BREAK 12:00-13:00 SESSION 2: TOUR DE TABLE: IMPACT OF CORRUPTION PREVENTION MEASURES IN THE REGION
28
At this session, national experts and NGO representatives will be invited to present brief updates about progress in implementing corruption prevention measures in their countries as recommended by the Thematic Study of ACN on Prevention of Corruption in Public sector, including at sectoral level, and the impact of these measures (Countries will be invited to use the ACN performance indicators to structure their presentations). Moderator: Ms. Ermelinda Meksi, Head of Economic Activities, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE
Economic and Environmental Activities Tour de table of the participating countries and NGOs
(Please, see the guidelines for tour de table) DISCUSSION 13:00-14:00 LUNCH 14:00-15:30 SESSION 3: IN FOCUS: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN EDUCATION During this session, participants will have an up-close look at measures to prevent corruption in the education sector, including those geared towards enhancing the quantity, quality and efficiency of as well as access to education systems. Various tools and instruments will be presented and discussed including specific mechanisms to ensure integrity of relevant officials; civic oversight and public consultations; channels to report on corruption; transparency of public procurement; internal financial control and audit, transparency of admission procedures etc. Speakers from ACN countries will share good practices and efficient measures for preventing corruption in education sector and their impact. International experts will present emerging methodologies for assessing risks and developing and implementing corruption prevention programmes in the education sector. Moderator: Ms. Yulia Minaeva, OSCE Centre in Bishkek Speakers:
PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN EDUCATION: EXPERIENCE OF KYRGYZSTAN Ms. Erkayim Mambetalieva, Executive director, Association “Taza Shailoo”, Kyrgyzstan Mr. Alexandr Ivanov, the Foundation Education Initiatives Support in Bishkek PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN EDUCATION: GOOD PRACTICES WORLDWIDE AND IN THE REGION Ms. Kateryna Obvintseva, Policy Advice and Implementation Division, Directorate for Education and Skills, OECD Mr. Vyacheslav Brukhovetskyi, Honorary President, Kyiv Mohyla Academy, Ukraine Mr. Yegor Stadny, Executive Director of CEDOS think tank, Ukraine Ms. Lilit Nazaryan, Education Program Coordinator, Open Society Foundations – Armenia
15:30-16:00 COFFEE BREAK 16:00-17:30 Discussion Why is the education sector prone to corruption and which areas are particularly
vulnerable? What are effective measures of preventing corruption in the education sector? What mechanisms does your country have in place for monitoring implementation of corruption prevention measures and assessing their impact in the education sector?
17:30
END OF DAY I
29
19:00 RECEPTION HOSTED BY THE OSCE CENTRE IN BISHKEK
DAY II FRIDAY, 27 MAY 2016 8:00-9:00 BREAKFAST 9:00-11:00 SESSION 4: IN FOCUS: PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN THE EXTRACTIVE/RESOURCE INDUSTRY This thematic session will examine the prevention of corruption in the extractive/resource industry (oil, gas, minerals, land water or forests etc.) by exploring the effects that corruption has on it and identifying the subsectors that are most prone to it. It will assess how to mitigate negative effects of the so-called “resource curse” commonly associated with public sector corruption, civil unrest, fiscal underperformance and low economic development. It will provide an overview of measures to improve government accountability and transparency in the management of natural resources. Following that, the speakers and other participants will exchange views on effective measures of preventing corruption in this sector and the impact such measures may have. Moderator: Mr. Tilek Saiakbaev, Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan Speakers:
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ON TRANSPARENCY AND PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN
EXTRACTIVE/RESOURCE INDUSTRIES Ms. Lahra Liberti, OECD, Head of Unit, Natural Resources-based Development, presentation of draft report on "Corruption in the Extractive Value Chain: Typology of risks, mitigation measures and incentives" Mr. Farid Farzaliyev, Head, EITI Secretariat, Azerbaijan Mr. Ulan Ryskulov, Deputy Director of State Agency on Geology and Mineral Resources, Kyrgyzstan Ms. Dinara Satpayeva, Secretary of the National Council of Interested Stakeholders, EITI Kazakhstan
DISCUSSION
What makes the extractive industry particularly vulnerable to corruption? What resources industry sub-sectors are the most prone to corruption? How to improve government accountability and transparency in the management of natural resources? What are the efficient and effective measures to prevent corruption in the resources industry? * Registration in working groups for group work
11:00 – 11:30 COFFEE BREAK 11:30 – 13:00 SESSION 5: WORK IN GROUPS
Participants will be split into 3 working groups: Sectoral corruption prevention policy - measuring impact Corruption prevention in education Corruption prevention in extractive industries The first group will work on concrete proposals on how to develop and implement (including monitor the implementation) sectoral anti-corruption measures and measure the impact of policy implementation.
30
The two other groups will be asked to develop model action plans for corruption prevention in education and the extractive industry, respectively. Each group will have an identified rapporteur to present the results of their work to the plenary.
13:00 - 14:00 LUNCH
14:00 – 14:30 REPORTING FROM WORKING GROUPS AND FEEDBACK The rapporteurs will present the proposed action plans developed by their groups to the plenary. All participants will be invited to participate in the discussion.
14:30 – 15:30 SESSION 6: CONCLUDING TOUR DE TABLE Moderator: Ms. Olga Savran, OECD ACN Participants will reflecting on the following discussion items: What tools presented at the seminar will participants be able to use in their work in the next year? What issues would participants like to discuss at the next seminar?
** Participants will be invited to fill out the evaluation questionnaire for the seminar
16:00
END OF THE SEMINAR
Departure of participants: please refer to the departure schedule for individual departure times.
31
ANNEX ABOUT THE ORGANISERS The OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ACN) is a regional anti-corruption programme of the OECD Working Group on Bribery. ACN supports anti-corruption reforms and promotes exchange of experience and good practice among the ACN countries, in co-operation with OECD countries and other partners and organisations. The ACN organizes regional expert seminars and conducts thematic cross-country reviews on various issues related to prevention, investigation and prosecution of corruption. Seminars on prevention of corruption have so far taken place in Jurmala, Latvia, in June 2013, in Tirana, Albania, in June 2014 and in May 2015 in Zagreb, Croatia. Earlier, a series of seminars on Asset Declarations for Public Officials as a Tool to Prevent Corruption were organised in Serbia, France and the Kyrgyz Republic. The ACN has also developed cross-country thematic studies (for example, Prevention of Corruption in the Public Sector, Asset Declarations for Public Officials: A Tool to Prevent Corruption, Ethics Training for Public Officials). For more information: www.oecd.org/corruption/acn. The Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities (OCEEA) supports the OSCE participating States in their efforts to strengthen good governance and fight corruption by assisting them in implementing their OSCE and other international anti-corruption commitments and offering them a regional platform for dialogue and exchange of experience and best practices. It does so mainly through political awareness raising activities, and regional capacity building and training events for representatives of governments, civil society and the private sector in the areas of corruption prevention, asset recovery and international co-operation. The network of OSCE Field Operations also support this work through provision of concrete and targeted technical assistance projects in corruption prevention and suppression on both central and local level. The OCEEA recently published an OSCE Handbook on Combating Corruption. The purpose of this handbook is to provide Governments with a reference guide on available legal tools, the latest legislative and policy trends, and pertinent measures and practices to prevent and suppress corruption. It is aimed at raising awareness of the range of international instruments available to national policymakers and anti-corruption practitioners, and assisting them in developing and implementing effective anti-corruption policies and measures, thereby reducing the possibilities for corruption, instability and transnational crime. More information is available at www.osce.org . The event also benefited from the expertise and participation of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) and Open Society Initiative (OSI). OBJECTIVES OF THE MEETING The expert seminar is organised as a part of the series of corruption prevention seminars. This time the focus is made to specific vulnerable to corruption sectors, prevention of corruption in education and extractive/resource industry. The seminar will focus on the following themes: effectiveness and impact of corruption prevention measures at the national and/or sectoral level; prevention of corruption in specific sectors, such as education, extractive/resource industry and other sectors; The seminar will combine expert presentations, round-table discussions and group work. The event will be practice-oriented and interactive. The participants are invited to actively participate in the discussions and the group work.
32
PARTICIPANTS Participants will include representatives from IAP countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Mongolia and Ukraine) and ACN countries (Belarus, Moldova, Turkmenistan) with practical experience and knowledge of corruption prevention policies at the national and sectoral level (in particular in education and extractive industries). Representatives of the OECD, OSCE and other international organisations will participate as speakers. Governments are invited to nominate the relevant practitioners for the seminar. Organisers reserve the right to screen the registered participants for their eligibility and suitability to participate in the expert seminar. MEETING VENUE Hotel ‘Karven Four Seasons’, Issyk-Kyl Lake, http://karven.kg/ COSTS The organizers will cover flight and accommodation costs, provide meals and airport transfers to sponsored participants. This seminar is made possible thanks to funding and logistical support provided by the OSCE Secretariat/ Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities, the OSCE Centre in Bishkek and other OSCE field operations in Central Asia and the South Caucasus and the voluntary contributions offered to ACN for implementation of its 2016-2019 work programme. LANGUAGE AND INTERPRETATION The working languages will be Russian and English with simultaneous interpretation. CONTACT INFORMATION
Mrs. Rusudan Mikhelidze OECD Tel. : +33 145249964 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.oecd.org/corruption/acn
Ms. Olga Olson OECD Tel: +33 145241503 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.oecd.org/corruption/acn
Mr. Roel Janssens Economic Adviser Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Tel.: +43 1 514 36 6221 E-mail: [email protected]
Ms. Yulia Minaeva, Ph.D. Senior Economic and Environmental Officer OSCE Centre in Bishkek Tel.: +99 6312612441 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.osce.org/bishkek
33
ANNEX B: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Nr. COUNTRY DELEGATIONS PARTICIPANTS
1. Armenia Marine Tovmasyan Law expert at Anticorruption Program Monitoring Division of Armenian Government Spandaryan 9 str, Sisian, Armenia (+37410) 22 61 27, (+37493) 51 17 55 [email protected]
2. Karen Hakobyan Head of the Legal Organization Division, Ministry of Justice of Armenia Vazgen Sargsyan 3/8, 0010, Yerevan (+37410) 59 40 20, (+37491) 42 85 60 [email protected]
3. Lilit Nazaryan National Education Program Coordinator Open Society Foundations-Armenia 7/1 Tumanyan Street 2nd cul-de-sac Yerevan, 0002, Armenia (374 10) 53 38 62, 53 67 58 [email protected]
4. Azerbaijan Elmir Hasanov Head Advisor, Internal Audit Department, Ministry of Education Shadlinsky 27, AZ1010, Baku (+994) 50 37 37 600 [email protected]
5. Farid Farzaliyev Head, EITI Secretariat, Azerbaijan Executive Director’s Office | The State Oil Fund of the Republic of Azerbaijan H.Aliyev Avenue 111A, AZ 1029, Baku, the Republic of Azerbaijan (+994) 12 498 77 53 (ext. 1803)/ (+994) 50 244 40 33 [email protected]
34
6. Belarus Aleksandr Filenneko Deputy Head of the Department for the Fight against Corruption and Organised Crime, Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of Belarus 22 Internatsionalnaya Str., 220030, Minsk (+375) 17 203 51 33 [email protected]
7. Viktor Korzun Head of the Department for Organisation and Control Activities, Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of Belarus 22 Internatsionalnaya Str., 220030, Minsk (+375) 17 203 55 18 [email protected]
8. Georgia Gulisa Kakhniashvili Legal Adviser at Strategic Development Unit of Analytical Department, Ministry of Justice of Georgia Pekini Avenue N35, Tbilisi, 0160, Georgia [email protected] [email protected] (+995 599) 85 00 44
9. Kazakhstan Natalia Malyartchuk Founder and Director of PR&Consulting Group Motivation; Head of the board of trustees of Transparency Kazakhstan 38, Mynbayeva str., 050012, Almaty (+7(727) 3950609, 3950610 [email protected]
10. Lyazzat Makush Head of Division, Claim-related activities of the Legal Department of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan 8, Orynbor str., 010000, Astana (+7702) 609 50 98 [email protected]
11. Ravil Tyulebaeyev Expert of Anticorruption Monitoring Division of the Anticorruption Policy Department, Ministry of Public Service Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan 33a, Abai str., 010000, Astana (+7775) 332 64 82 [email protected]
35
12. Rati Japaridze Economic and Environmental Officer, OSCE Kazakhstan [email protected]
13. Kyrgyzstan Ulan Ryskulov Deputy director of Government Geology [email protected]
14. Erkaiym Mambetaliyeva Executive Director of association "Taza shayloo" [email protected]
15. Alexandr Ivanov Foundation Education Initiatives Support in Bishkek [email protected]
16. Tilek Saiakbaev Head of the Law enforcement, Defence and Anticorruption Policy of Prime Minister’s Office of Kyrgyzstan [email protected]
17. Nuripa Mukanova Head of Anti-Corruption Business Council [email protected]
18. Marat Karataev, Head of Unit on Strategic Planning and International Cooperation, Secretariat of the Defence Council [email protected]
19. Nuria Kutnaeva, Officer of Unit on Strategic Planning and International Cooperation, Secretariat of the Defence Council [email protected]
20. Talant Mamyrov, Senior prosecutor of international legal cooperation department, General prosecutors office of the Kyrgyz Republic [email protected]
21. Moldova Pruteanu Ion Vasile Inspector Superior, Head of the Trainings and Civil Interaction Unit of the Risk Assessment Centre, National Anticorruption Centre (003)7369056978, (003)7322257411 [email protected]
36
22. Mongolia Sukh-Ochir Lkhagvasuren Head of Inspection Division, Independent Authority Against Corruption of Mongolia #30, Apartment 412, Bayanzurkh District, Ulaanbaatar (+976) 70112452, (+976) 91994473 [email protected]
23. Sarangerel Jugder Officer of Prevention and Public Awareness Department Independent Authority Against Corruption of Mongolia #111, apartment 23, Chingeltei district, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (+976) 701 12465 [email protected]
24. Romania Mr. Mihai Barlici Head of Anticorruption Studies and Prognosis Unit Anticorruption General Directorate [email protected]
25. Tajikistan Shodkom Tursunov Deputy Head of the Prevention Department, Agency for State Financial Control and Fight against Corruption Rudaki Avenue, 78, 734001 (+992)37 221 45 49/ 221 48 10 (+992) 93 593 32 20 +992 (37) 221-45-49, 221-48-10 [email protected]
26. Rahmonzoda Jamshed Senior Specialist from the Defence and Rule of Law, Presidential Executive Office Sheraz 34, 734001 Tajikistan [email protected]
27. Ukraine Bogdan SHAPKA Head of Anti-corruption Policy Department, National Agency for Corruption Prevention 12/2, Hrushevskoho St., Kyiv, 01008 (+380) 68 193 5100/ (+380) 68 193 5100 [email protected]
28. Iryna US Deputy Head of Department of Organisation Work for Prevention and Detection Corruption; Head of Division of Whistleblowers Protection Policy 12/2, Hrushevskoho St., Kyiv, 01008
37
(+380) 97 982 2375, (+380) 97 982 2375 [email protected]
29. Vyacheslav Brukhovetskyi Honorary President, Kyiv Mohyla Academy, Ukraine [email protected]
30. Yegor Stadny Executive Director of CEDOS think tank, Ukraine [email protected]
31. Uzbekistan Zikrillaeva Nodira Training Centre under the Ministry of Finance, Deputy Head of the Working Group of the Commission for Countering Corruption in the Ministry of Finance (+998)712391918, (+998)909805408 [email protected] [email protected]
32. Tursunbekov Xudayberdi Prosecutor, Department for countering organised crime and corruption, Prosecutor General's Office (+998)712361007, (+998)977721572 [email protected] [email protected]
33. EU Delegation Gulnara Botobaeva Project Manager, Delegation of the European Union to Kyrgyzstan Business Centre Orion 21, Boulevard Erkindik, 5th Floor, 720040, Bishkek (+996) 312 261 004 (ext. 105) [email protected]
34. UNDP Kyrgyzstan Alexander Kashkarev Head of programme UNDP [email protected]
35. Elzar Elemanov UNDP [email protected]
36. OECD Ms. Olga Savran Manager, Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (+33)145241381 [email protected]
38
37. Mrs. Rusudan Mikhelidze ACN Project Manager, Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (+33)145249964 [email protected]
38. Ms. Olga Olson ACN Project Manager, Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (+33)145241319 [email protected]
39. Ms. Lahra Liberti Head of Unit, Natural Resources-based Development (+33)145247947 [email protected]
40. Ms. Kateryna Obvintseva Analyst, Policy Advice and Implementation Division, OECD Directorate for Education and Skills (+33)145247950 [email protected]
41. OSCE Centre in Bishkek Yulia Minaeva, Senior Economic and Environmental Officer [email protected]
42. Alybek Kurbanaliev, Senior Programme Assistant [email protected]
43. Igor Gutan, Consultant, Jacobs, Cordova & Associates [email protected]
44. Vasilina Brazhko- press service [email protected]
45. OSCE SECRETARIAT IN VIENNA
46. Ermelinda Meksi, Deputy Co-ordinator/ Head, Economic Activities, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities [email protected]
47. Roel Janssens, Economic adviser, Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities [email protected]
39
48. Translators
49. Svetlana Aidaralieva
50. Galina Sergunina
40
ANNEX C: TOUR-DE-TABLE SPEECHES
1) Armenia
Session 2: Tour de Table: Impact of Corruption Prevention Measures in the Region
GUIDELINES FOR PARTICIPANTS
At this session, all participants will be invited to present brief updates (3 minutes) about progress in implementing corruption prevention measures in their countries or institutions. The questions below will help you structure these presentations. Please kindly provide the filled in forms of your answers to the organisers during the seminar.
1. Please identify yourself:
Name Country Institution/Sector/NGO
Lilit Nazaryan Armenia Open Society Foundations –
Armenia
2. Please indicate the number of measures suggested below that were taken in your country or
institution during this year, i.e. 2016:
Measure
Sector
Education Resource Other
2.1. Corruption research and
risk assessment
OSFA research on
Strengthening
integrity and fighting
corruption in
education (2014)
TI Armenia research
in schools (on-going)
n/a TI CPI 2016, TI CB
(on-going)
2.2. Anti-corruption/integrity
policies/action plans
NAC strategy & action
plan
USAID assistance and
Country
monitoring report
on OGP 14/16
NAC strategy &
action plan
USAID assistance
41
funding to anti-
corruption council for
corruption risks
assessment and
development of
sectoral action plans
Country monitoring
report on OGP 14/16
action plan
CS suggestions for OGP
16/18 action plan
action plan
CS suggestions for
OGP 16/18 action
plan
and funding to
anti-corruption
council for
corruption risks
assessment and
development of
sectoral action
plans
Country
monitoring report
on OGP 14/16
action plan
CS suggestions for
OGP 16/18 action
plan
2.3. Body specialised in
corruption prevention to
coordinate and monitor
these plans
Anti-corruption council
established in 2015 and
chaired by the prime
minster
Department on anti-
corruption program
monitoring at the
government of RA
CS anti-corruption
coalition
Anti-corruption
council established
in 2015 and
chaired by the
prime minster
Department on
anti-corruption
program
monitoring at the
government of RA
CS anti-corruption
coalition
Anti-corruption
council established
in 2015 and
chaired by the
prime minster
Department on
anti-corruption
program
monitoring at the
government of RA
CS anti-corruption
coalition
2.4. Engagement of civil society
in the plans
CS anti-corruption
coalition
CS anti-corruption
coalition
CS anti-corruption
coalition
2.5. Anti-corruption/ethics
codes and training
CoE project
strengthening integrity
and combating
corruption in higher
education
n/a n/a
2.6. Awareness raising for the
society
n/a n/a Broadcasting
media is captured
42
by ruling party
Media is under
control, self-
censorship is
dominated
Very few number
of independent
media, including
Association of
investigative
journalists
(www.HETQ.am),
http://www.aspare
z.am,
http://www.public
data.am
Public hearings
around NAC
strategy and action
plans initiated by
the government
2.7. Professionalism of the
public service (merit based
competitive appointments,
objective remuneration)
Open call for
international
consultancy for NAC
action plan
development
n/a Open call for
international
consultancy for
NAC action plan
development
2.8. Prevention of conflicts of
interest, asset declarations
n/a n/a Commission on
Ethics of High-
Ranking officials
with lack of
decision making,
inspection,
investigation and
other significant
authority and
power
No COI law
43
2.9. Prevention of corruption in
public finance, role of
international control and
audit
n/a n/a Project on Public
Finance
Management in
the South
Caucasus funded
by GIZ
From 2017 new EU
2.10. Prevention of corruption in
public procurement
OSFA funded projects
on monitoring of
procurements under
the WB Education
improvement loan
Program implemented
by TI Armenia and
HETQ
n/a Two significant
initiatives are
funded by OSFA
aimed at
promoting
transparent and
accountable
management of
public finances:
1. TI Armenia:
- corruption
risks and
malpractices in
the public
procurement
process,
- assessment of
implementation
of the
procurement
legislation
- appeals
system,
- single source
procurement,
- framework
agreements.
2. HETQ:
44
- public
procureme
nt,
- integrity of
state and
local
governmen
t officials
and public
servants,
- foreign aid
projects in
the
education,
energy and
road
constructio
n sectors,
- mining,
banking
and
telecommu
nication
1.1. Ensuring access to
information
Freedom of information
law
Freedom of
information law
Freedom of
information law;
http://www.public
data.am
1.2. E-services and regulatory
simplification
n/a Government
internal
management
system Malbery,
electronic
procurement
system, etc
1.3. Reporting of corruption,
whistle-blowers protection
n/a n/a Journalistic
investigations
around offshore,
panama papers,
45
etc.
3. Please briefly describe one of these measures that you believe was the most effective in
prevention of corruption.
2.1 Example of an effective corruption prevention measure
- CS research, monitoring and risk assessment capacities and initiates
The most effective interventions to fight corruption in Armenia since now are the research and risk
assessment initiatives of CS organizations. These initiatives of OSFA, TI Armenia and other CS
actors resulted in reliable data, evidence and case studies of corruption in different sectors and
fields, such initiated research on Strengthening integrity and fighting corrupt as education,
procurement, tax revenue, etc. At the same time however, CS does not have tools to push forward
the findings and recommendations of numerous researches besides doing domestic and
international level advocacy and using different obligations of the government under international
conventions and other treaties.
- FOI law
Another effective tool that is worth mentioning is the Law on the Freedom of Information that
gives opportunity to request and receive any necessary information to monitor corruption and bad
governance practices.
- Government measures
So far Armenia has not achieved any significant and measurable success in fighting corruption in
any sector in Armenia. Anti-corruption council established in 2015 and chaired by the prime
minster. However, the membership of high-ranking officials in the Anti-corruption Council led by
the Prime Minister compromises its independence. The Council is only a consultative body with no
authority to effectively counter corruption crimes. It has no investigation and no prosecution
authority and no decision making mandate, it is only consultative body. The measures undertaken
by the government are so far more formalistic to create visibility of actions but make no
difference. A number of discussions and consultations initiated by this council and the prime-
minister. There is full recognition and acceptance of all corruption risks and problems, however,
there is no single action undertaken so far that would eliminate corruption risk and/or problem
46
3. Please provide information about other 3 measures that were taken in your country or
institution during this year to prevent corruption that you believe were effective in preventing
corruption: n/a
Measure Sector
3.1 Anti-corruption strategy and action plan in public health
sector
Sector
3.2. Anti-corruption strategy and action plan in police sector
(service provision to citizens)
Sector
3.3. Anti-corruption strategy and action plan in tax revenue
collection sector
Sector
4. Please explain how corruption levels and public trust in different public institutions are studied
in your country, and what trends did these studies reveal for the previous year, i.e. 2015:
Name of and link to the
study
Type of study:
International
National
Local
Sectoral
Conducted by:
Government
NGOs
Donor
International
organization
Other
Results:
Improvement
Worsening
No change
4.1. Perception of corruption International
National
TI CPI*
CRRC**
Stagnation
Worsening
4.2. Experience with corruption National OSFA integrity research in
education
Worsening
4.3. Trust in different parts of
public administration
National CRRC Worsening
4.4. Satisfaction with public
services
National CRRC Worsening
and would provide for systemic solution to the situation.
47
4.5. Peoples' attitudes,
tolerance of citizens
towards corruption
International
National
TI CPI*; TO CB
EBRD Life in transition
National integrity system
assessment Armenia 2014
(TI Armenia)
Stagnation
Worsening
1st
time conducted
4.6. Ethical competence among
civil servants
National National integrity system
assessment Armenia 2014
(TI Armenia)
1st
time conducted
4.7. Any other studies National Chamber of control of
Armenia, 2014 country
report (70% of budget
expenditures are not
effective, about 70% of all
procurements are done
from the single source)
Worsening
* Corruption perception index
2012 2013 2014 2015
Armenia 34 36 37 35
** CRRC Caucasus Barometer, 2010-2015
Fully distrust Neither trust or distrust Fully trust
2010 2011 2012 2013 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2015
1 Parliament 51 49 54 68 69 32 27 29 21 19 17 24 17 11 12
2 Executive 43 44 46 63 68 32 35 30 22 19 22 28 21 13 14
3 President 37 42 43 58 66 33 22 28 22 18 30 36 29 19 16
4 Police 50 43 42 39 54 30 26 27 30 25 20 31 32 30 31
5 Court system 49 49 51 58 53 32 26 30 26 30 19 25 19 17 17
6 EU 22 22 27 33 33 34 32 36 36 34 44 46 37 32 32
7 Health 28 30 36 30 32 36 21 25 29 26 35 50 39 42 42
8 UN 21 22 26 31 32 34 33 38 38 36 45 46 36 31 32
9 Education 22 27 30 26 30 34 24 26 26 26 44 49 44 47 44
10
Fairness of the most recent elections 41 41 33 49 65 45 44 54 41 28 14 15 13 10 7
48
2) Azerbaijan
Одной из приоритетных задач построения демократического общества на сегодняшний
день является борьба с коррупцией.
Актуальность борьбы с коррупцией заключается в том, что она должна носить комплексный
характер. Необходимы организованные усилия не только государства, но и всего гражданского
общества. Результат будет, когда борьба с коррупцией, во-первых, станет постоянной и
неослабевающей функцией государства, во-вторых — предметом неусыпного и бдительного
контроля со стороны общества.
Коррупция оказывает разрушительное воздействие на все правовые институты. Факты
коррупции, имеющие место в сфере образования, оказывают растлевающее и разрушительное
влияние на процесс формирования молодежи, ее нравственные устои и веру в созидательные
процессы в Азербайджане.
Цели и задачи борьбы с коррупцией это обеспечение защиты прав, свобод и законных
интересов граждан и общества от коррупции; совершенствование нормативной правовой базы по
предупреждению, выявлению и пресечению коррупционных правонарушений; оптимизация форм,
методов и средств противодействия коррупции, взаимодействие со структурами гражданского
общества.
В этом смысле со стороны Министерства Азербайджана за последние 3 года было сделано
многое. А именно в 2013 году в министерстве был создан отдел Внутреннего контроля, который
напрямую реализует антикоррупционные реформы в образовательном секторе Азербайджана.
За последние 3 года, в связи с антикоррупционными реформами, в образовательном
секторе был организован прием на работу учителей и директоров на конкурентной основе (работа
в этой сфере продолжается), была в полтора раза увеличена нагрузка и в два раза повышена
месячная зарплата учителей, в Министерстве Образования была организована электронная
приемная служба и с помощью 8 порталов оказываются услуги населению, создана электронная
система по приему детей в школу и т.д.
В Центре приема граждан, организованном в Министерстве, и с помощью «Горячей линии»
можно записаться на прием руководителей учебных заведений. С момента работы Портала по
приему (06.01.2016 – 02.03.2016) было зарегистрировано 3162 обращения. По большей части
обращения охватывают такие темы как среднее образование, прием на работу, высшее
образование, смена места работы, подтверждение образовательных документов, оплата за
обучение и т.д.
49
Начат пилотный проект «Асан мектеб», который на данный момент функционирует только в
Берде. С помощью «Асан мектеб» проводится прием детей в школы этого района, выдача разного
рода справок учителям, служащим школ и ученикам.
2013-2015 годах было проведено множество семинаров, зональных совещаний, тренингов
посвященных вопросам коррупции и антикоррупции в образовательном секторе. Только в 2015
году на эти и другие темы Министерством Образования было проведено 9 зональных совещаний с
участием руководителей местных учебных заведений.
Также в области борьбы с коррупцией в сфере образования было много проделано вместе с
Головной Прокуратурой Республики и Омбудсменом. Например, в 2015 году со стороны
прокуратуры республики были обнаружены свыше 500 фальшивых дипломов, и Министерство
Образования приняло меры с связи с теми, кто на основе этих дипломов работал в наших школах.
С 2015 по март 2016 года в ходе проверок со стороны Министерством Образования в 7
районных отделах образования, 5 учреждения внешкольного образования, 74 школах и в одном
училище были обнаружены ряд проблемных областей, а также областей с высоким
коррупционным риском. А именно во время проверок были обнаружены факты неправильного
вычисления зарплаты работников, а также связанные с этим некоторые другие моменты. В связи с
этими проверками несколько работников были сняты с работы, некоторым были сделаны
выговоры и т.д.
Факты коррупционных правонарушений, а также причины, повлекшие данное
правонарушение, должны доводиться до сведения всех субъектов образовательного процесса с
целью ознакомления и недопущения в деятельности работников образования.
Считаю что, в целях предупреждения и профилактики коррупционных правонарушений
должны осуществляться следующие мероприятия:
- создание дисциплинарной комиссии;
- создание комиссии по профилактике коррупционных правонарушений;
- соблюдение Кодекса чести преподавателя, утвержденного Министерством Образования;
- избрание из числа учащихся омбудсмена для защиты прав и законных интересов учащихся
на альтернативной основе;
- рассмотрение и обсуждение на разных уровнях тем «Закон и коррупция», «Меры
противодействия коррупции» с просмотром видеороликов. С этой целью в учебных заведениях
должна проводиться на регулярной основе определенная работа антикоррупционной
направленности, как среди учащихся, так и среди преподавательского состава. Педагогический
50
коллектив должен осуществлять комплекс мероприятий по воспитанию, образованию, развитию и
социальной защите личности в учебном заведении и по месту жительства. Воспитание уважения к
законам Республики, нормам коллективной жизни, развития гражданской и социальной
ответственности.
- В течение учебного года в учебных заведениях должны проводиться занятия правового
лектория с участием работников правопорядка и преподавателей правовых дисциплин.
- проведение в средних и высших учебных заведениях занятий с приглашением
государственных служащих, повышение квалификации педагогических работников системы
образования по антикоррупционной направленности.
- расширение положительной практики функционирования «Горячей линии», почтового
ящика для писем и обращений физических и юридических лиц.
В заключении я хотел бы отметить то, что совместными усилиями Министерства
Образования, местных органов управления образованием, профессорско-преподавательского
состава и учащихся образовательных учреждений мы можем и должны принять все меры по
недопущению коррупционных правонарушений и также выполнению антикоррупционной
программы в учреждениях образования.
51
3) Georgia
52
53
54
55
4) Kazakhstan (Ministry of Education)
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
5) Kazakhstan (Ministry of Civil Service Affairs)
Выступление на региональном экспертном семинаре Антикоррупционной сети ОЭСР по вопросам противодействия коррупции О МЕРАХ, РЕАЛИЗУЕМЫХ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ В СФЕРЕ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ Уважаемые дамы и господа, участники семинара! Позвольте поблагодарить организаторов за предоставленную возможность презентовать меры антикоррупционной политики Казахстана. В этой сфере мы ориентированы на приведение законодательства к международным стандартам. И в этом нам оказывают помощь эксперты ОЭСР, вырабатывая соответствующие рекомендации. Позвольте подробно остановиться на принимаемых нами мерах. В прошлом году мы приступили к реализации, провозглашенного Главой государства Нурсултаном Назарбаевым Плана нации «100 конкретных шагов». В нём одними из основных приоритетов определены - формирование профессионального госаппарата и минимизация коррупции. Поэтому модернизация антикоррупционной политики начата с введения с 1 января этого года нового Закона «О противодействии коррупции». Его главные отличием стала нацеленность на превенцию коррупции, тогда как ранее эта система в большей степени была направлена на борьбу с последствиями коррупции и выражалась в наказании виновных лиц. Сейчас мы активно объединяем усилия государства и общества в минимизации коррупции. 1) Основой противодействия коррупции является утвержденная Президентом страны Антикоррупционная стратегия на 2015-2025 гг. Её приоритетами признаны меры по предупреждению коррупции. Это устранение коррупционных рисков в работе госорганов, антикоррупционное просвещение, активное взаимодействие с населением, бизнесом, гражданским обществом и СМИ. Особенность стратегии в том, что оценку и анализ её реализации осуществляет внешняя мониторинговая группа. (В состав внешней мониторинговой группы входит 11 членов, все являются представителями негосударственного сектора (СМИ, НПО). В новом Законе «О противодействии коррупции» впервые для исключения причин и условий коррупции в государственном и частном секторах введены институты превенции коррупции, как: антикоррупционный мониторинг и анализ коррупционных рисков, формирование антикоррупционной культуры, антикоррупционные ограничения, предотвращение и разрешение конфликта интересов, меры противодействия коррупции в сфере предпринимательства, антикоррупционные стандарты, а также формирование и публикация Национального доклада о противодействии коррупции. В целом, комплексный подход в противодействии коррупции обеспечен за счет одновременного принятия в прошлом году ряда законодательных актов: «О государственной службе», «Об общественных советах»,
64
«О доступе к информации», «О государственных закупках», «Об информатизации», а также Этического кодексов. *** Большое внимание в рамках работы по недопущению коррупции уделяется повышению качества государственных услуг. В настоящее время на системной основе ведется расширение Реестра государственных услуг. Постепенно обеспечивается их перевод в электронный формат. (В 2015 году по результатам мирового рейтинга развития электронного правительства Казахстан занял 28 место). Постоянно проводится оценка качества оказания госуслуг, ведутся замеры уровня удовлетворенности населения и бизнеса. По данным социологического исследования, проведенного по государственному заказу Центром по исследованиям «Санж», этот показатель ежегодно улучшается. Снижение уровня коррупционных рисков за счет автоматизации деятельности государственных органов будет обеспечиваться нормами закона «Об информатизации». На это же нацелен анализ деятельности госорганов и организаций на наличие коррупционных рисков. Этот формат мы рассматриваем как новый механизм противодействия коррупции и один из элементов повышения эффективности государственного аппарата. Кроме того, разработаны и введены в действие критерии оценки степени риска за соблюдением законодательств в сферах государственной службы и оказания государственных услуг. Определение проверяемых субъектов по степеням риска осуществляется путем объективных и субъективных критериев, по оценке степени рисков. *** 2) В сфере государственной службы мы перешли к карьерной модели и системно изменили процессы отбора и продвижения кадров в госаппарате. Новые механизмы ориентированы на усиление принципов меритократии и подотчетности на государственной службе. Важным требованием при отборе на государственную службу и карьерном продвижении – помимо образования и стажа работы – стало наличие компетенций, необходимых для эффективного исполнения служащим функциональных обязанностей на занимаемой должности. С учетом рекомендаций ОЭСР введены внутренние конкурсы (с отменой возможности для внеконкурсных назначений), усовершенствована система оценки и оплаты труда государственных служащих. Внесены поправки по вопросам конфликта интересов. Конкретизированы способы его урегулирования. Поэтому особое место в реализации поручений Главы государства по защите меритократии и недопущению коррупции имеет Этический кодекс, который определил четкие этические стандарты деятельности служащих в конкретных обстоятельствах. Сформирована система контроля соблюдения этических норм путем внедрения института уполномоченного по этике и создания Советов по этике. *** 3) Также с этого года введены в действие новые Законы «Об общественных советах» и «О доступе к информации».
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Их принятие позволило создать инструменты обеспечения подотчетности государства перед обществом и повышения уровня гражданской активности населения. Согласно Закону количество представителей гражданского общества в Общественном совете должно составлять не менее двух третей от общего числа его членов. Кандидатуры в члены Общественного совета могут быть выдвинуты некоммерческими организациями, гражданами, в том числе путем самовыдвижения. Перед Общественным Советом поставлены задачи по: 1) представлению интересов гражданского общества и учету мнения общественности при обсуждении и принятии решений; 2) развитию взаимодействия государственных органов с гражданским обществом; 3) организации общественного контроля и обеспечению прозрачности деятельности государственных органов. В целях взаимодействия с гражданским обществом нами разработано Открытое соглашение о сотрудничестве по вопросам создания нетерпимости к любым проявлениям коррупции и формирования антикоррупционной культуры в обществе. К Соглашению может присоединиться каждый, поскольку оно размещено на специально созданном интернет ресурсе. С начала года к нему присоединились 34 республиканские организации, 1 187 региональных структур и более 12 тысяч граждан (12 469). *** 4) В конце прошлого года принят новый Закон «О государственных закупках», которым предусмотрено сокращение оснований (количества сфер) для проведения государственных закупок способом из одного источника путем прямого заключения договора о государственных закупках. Вместе с тем предстоит модернизация системы государственных закупок. Создается Модуль цен, исключающий разброс стоимости товаров, работ и услуг. Будет установлен период не более 30 рабочих дней, в течение которых заказчик после подписания актов приемки обязан произвести оплату поставщику (за исключением случаев выставления инкассовых распоряжений). Это исключит случаи умышленного затягивания оплаты выполненных работ и услуг по договору. Также, Законом введен институт предварительного обсуждения условий конкурсной документации до вскрытия заявок потенциальных поставщиков. Это позволит потенциальным поставщикам заранее ознакомиться с технической спецификацией и, в случае необходимости оспорить «невыполнимые» условия конкурсной документации. Процедура данного обсуждения будет проводиться открыто посредством веб-портала в течение 10-ти дней. Кроме того, предотвращение коррупции в сфере закупок обеспечивается путем осущестления камерального контроля и мониторинга несколькими государственными органами до подведения итогов закупок. *** 5) Приняты меры о поощрении граждан за сообщение о фактах коррупции. В соответствии с Законом «О противодействии коррупции» лицо, сообщившее о факте коррупционного правонарушения или иным образом оказывающее содействие в противодействии коррупции, находится под защитой государства и поощряется в установленном законодательством в порядке (пункт 3 статьи 8 Закона). В реализацию Закона утверждены Правила поощрения лиц, сообщивших о факте коррупционного правонарушения или иным образом оказывающих содействие в противодействии коррупции (постановление Правительства Республики Казахстан от 30 декабря 2015 года № 1131).
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При этом, лица, оказывающие содействие в противодействии коррупции, находятся под защитой государства и сведения о них относятся к государственным секретам (пункт 4 статьи 24 Закона). *** Это комплексные меры, принимаемые нами в сфере противодействия коррупции. Теперь позвольте кратко осветить новеллы Закона «О противодействии коррупции» с точки зрения исполнения рекомендаций ОЭСР. Его отличие в том, что теперь к предмету взятки относятся не только имущественные, но и неимущественные блага и преимущества, в том числе в отношении третьих лиц. Также предусмотрено пожизненное лишение права работать на госслужбе или заниматься определенной деятельностью. Расширен круг лиц, уполномоченных на выполнение государственных функций. К ним отнесены работники квазигосударственного сектора. Для обеспечения оценки уровня коррупции введен внешний анализ коррупционных рисков в деятельности госорганов и субъектов квазигосударственного сектора. При этом субъекты противодействия коррупции должны самостоятельно проводить внутренний анализ коррупционных рисков. Введенный институт антикоррупционного мониторинга позволит систематически анализировать эффективность антикоррупционной политики, состояние правоприменительной практики в сфере противодействия коррупции. Источниками мониторинга помимо нормативных актов и сайтов госорганов станут сведения неправительственных организаций, публикации в СМИ, данные социологических опросов. Результаты анализов и исследований лягут в основу ежегодного Национального доклада Главе государства по противодействию коррупции. Он будет содержать текущую ситуацию в сфере противодействия коррупции, а также рекомендации по устранению причин и условий, способствующих их возникновению. Институт «формирования антикоррупционной культуры» впервые возведен в ранг Закона и нацелен на сохранение и укрепление в обществе системы ценностей, отражающих нетерпимость к коррупции. Механизм реализации включает непрерывное (на протяжении всей жизни) антикоррупционное воспитание и образование. В результате совместной работы с Министерством образования и науки в учебные программы отдельных предметов и дисциплин на всех уровнях образования внедрены темы антикоррупционной направленности. Дамы и господа! Противодействие коррупции в Казахстане основано на комплексном подходе, который включает такие компоненты как кадровая политика, этичность и повышение мотивации служащих, модернизация системы государственных закупок и формирование антикоррупционной культуры в обществе. Реализуются меры по снижению административных барьеров и совершенствованию бизнес-процессов в сферах взаимодействия государственного аппарата, населения и бизнеса. Все новые законодательные акты учитывают передовые мировые тенденции и способствуют началу нового этапа противодействия коррупции в Казахстане. Большое подспорье в этой работе оказывают именно такие меропрития, как сегодня. Поэтому ещё раз хотелось бы подлагодарить Организаторов и подчеркнуть, что для нас укрепление международного сотрудничества в сфере противодействия коррупции является отдельным приоритетом.
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Благодарю за внимание! 1) Оценка рисков, отраслевые планы по противодействию коррупции с индикаторами и дальнейшим мониторингом 2) Обеспечение профессионализма государственных служащих в сферах образования и природных ресурсов 3) Роль внутреннего контроля и аудита 4) Предотвращение коррупции в сфере закупок в секторах образования и природных ресурсов 5) Обеспечение прозрачности и доступа к информации 6) Отчетность и защита лиц, сообщивших о фактах коррупционных правонарушений 7) Административная ответственность за коррупционные правонарушения