implementing redd in papua, indonesia
DESCRIPTION
Implementing REDD in Papua, Indonesia. Presentation to ANU Seminar June 16, 2008 Marisa Meizlish Director, Advisory Services [email protected]. Presentation Overview. Introduction to New Forests Pty Limited Conservation as an alternate business model New Forests’ work in Papua - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
An Introduction to New Forests Pty Limited
Implementing REDD in Papua, Indonesia
Presentation to ANU SeminarJune 16, 2008
Marisa MeizlishDirector, Advisory
[email protected]
Presentation Overview
Introduction to New Forests Pty Limited
Conservation as an alternate business model
New Forests work in Papua
Implementing a REDD project with the Government of Papua
Next steps
Remaining questions
New Forests Pty Limited
Forest investment management and advisory services company
headquartered in SydneyOpening Asian office in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
in June 2008Most of New Forests investments include forestry plus
eco-assets but increasingly focus on eco-assets as direct
investmentsSpecialize in Australia, New Zealand, the Asia-Pacific
region and the United States; approximately $200 million in assets
under managementRaised $100 million Eco-Products Fund in 2007
(source of Funds for project in Papua)
Valuing natural forests
Global forest conversion in tropical regions soy, palm oil, beef,
timber Biodiversity, carbon stocks, watershed management are being
lost International move towards pricing nature carbon markets,
biodiversity investment models, water/salinity credits
The International Carbon Market is Growing Rapidly
Global Carbon Market in 2007
Conservation in Global Carbon Markets
Kyoto trading mechanisms only allow for reforestation/afforestation
projectsEU ETS does not allow forestry offsets of any typeEmerging
market in California allows reforestation/afforestation, improved
forest management and conservation U.S. Lieberman-Warner bill has
provision for set asides under the domestic cap for investment in
international forest conservationAustralia ETS rules not yet
defined but national efforts to reduce regional deforestation have
been initiated
> general trend toward greater inclusion of forestry project types and commitment to forest conservation
Potential Value of Conservation 2007 became a watershed
year
Avoided deforestation remerged as part of global Kyoto negotiations
Culminated in the Bali Roadmap (Kyoto COP13) policy incentives and
positive incentives to reduce deforestation World Bank Forestry
Carbon Partnership Facility Government commitments (i.e. Australia,
Norway) looking at options for funding tropical forest conservation
Voluntary Carbon Standard market entry for high-quality REDD
credits
New Forests Study: Conservation as an alternate business
model
Chart1
91500
91500
90463
88950.5
87043.5
84806.375
82290.25
79536.25
76578
73443
70153.875
66729.875
63186.875
59538.75
55797.375
51972.875
48074.125
44133.5
40190.5
36245.625
32299.5
28352.375
25441.5
23005.5
20963.625
19251.625
17818.375
16622.875
15631.5
14816.75
14156.125
13630.25
13223.375
12921.625
'000 tonnes CO2-e
assumed saleable avoided deforestation CO2-e t
Convert
CO2-e stored in a 250,000 harvestable area assuming harvesting over 20 years and subsequent degradation
Disclaimer
Quantification of carbon position for avoided deforestation in Papua (Indonesia)
Prepared for Fung Wingah
Copyright New Forests Advisory, 2007
DISCLAIMER
This analysis has been prepared by New Forests Advisory on behalf of Fung Wingah.
Any forward looking statements, financial projections, estimates of carbon credit prices and other assessments in this report may be based on a number of assumptions, any of which could prove to be incorrect. The recipient should use their own judgement i
This model has been produced for the exclusive use of Fung Wingah and should not be circulated or released publically without the permission of New Forests Advisory. New Forests Advisory does not endorse the use of this report by any other party.
Model assumptions
Model assumptions
1. Crop type data
Harvesting schedule
Total area250,000haPapua currently unlogged HPH estate assumed to be cut over in 20 years
Rate/yr5.0%to 2040
Fate of land
Convert100%- land use changes to grassland due to fire and other activitycan assume 100% converts as only easiest 1/3 of resource has been cleared
Revert0%- land use reverts to native vegetation after harvest
Conversion assumptions
decay rate0.3/yr
initial stock366t CO2-e /ha
minimum stock50t CO2-e /ha
loss rate from fire0.1/yr
Intial %
remaining standing65%
remaining pushed25%
removed from site10%MC approx 20 m3 of logs harvested multiplied by 1.5 expansion factor to get to t CO2e
Reversion assumptions
decay rate0.3/yr
initial stock366t CO2-e /ha
Intial %
remaining standing60%
remaining pushed25%
removed from site15%
2. Revegetation costs
EstablishmentYear 0Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4privateMirroolBB swampchannelsMI reveg
Rip$85011111
Weed control$120$12011111
Watering$100$10011111
Fencing$2,61610.50.250.750.25
Seedlings$50011111
Planting$60011111
Feral control$100$10001111
Refilling$10001111
Firebreaks01111
Contingency01111
Other operational costsCostYearprivateMirroolBB swampchannelsMI reveg
Item 1$0001111
Item 2$0001111
Ongoing (annual) costsCostprivateMirroolBB swampchannelsMI reveg
Weed control$501111
Feral/pest plant$501111
Fire control$1001111
Fencing maintenance$201111
2. Carbon pool costs (accounting, establishment and ongoing management)
Accounting specifics
Uncertainty factor85%
Risk buffer90%
Registration fee$0.15per NGAC
Brokerage fee$0.10per NGAC
Accreditation date1/1/08intital vintage2008proportion of year1.00
Carbon pool establishment
Preliminary investigations (sunk costs already committed)
NFA stage 1$23,450
NFA stage 2$48,200
Grapevine sampling$13,450
Estimation/accounting
Plantation inventory data$3,000
Revegetation inventory data$3,000
Vineyard inventory$10,000
Orchard biomass sampling$15,000
Orchard inventory$4,000
Age class assessment/verification$3,000
Accounting system (+ uncertainty)$14,000
Accreditation/legal
Legal - carbon pool structure$20,000
Legal - landowner contracts$20,000
Systems development - record keeping$10,000
Accreditation documentation$7,000
GGAS verification as ACP$25,000
Registration of CS rights (MI)$500
MI internal development
Carbon pool program development$20,000
Ongoing carbon pool management
Independent verification$0annually, with additionalevery 5 years while selling NGACs
Inventory costs$0annually
Carbon accounting & reporting$0while selling NGACs, thenevery year after that plusevery 5 years
Revision to growth models$0in year
Additional biomass work$0in year
Nick O'Brien:ACP = abatement certificate provider
Nick O'Brien:marketing to landowners, payments to landowners,general development
Financial assumptions
Financial assumptions & results
Assumptions
US$
CPI0.0%not currently usedKyoto18
Discount rate for NPV15.0%real
Accreditation date1/1/08
Avoided deforestation carbon priceVintage20092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040
Scenario 1: forward sale spread over five years2.952.952.952.952.95
Scenario 2: annual sale one year after avoidance; voluntary then Kyoto10.0010.0010.0010.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.00
Scenario 3: sale at end of 5 year intervals; Kyoto starting 2012-17 period18.0018.0018.0018.0018.00
Nick O'Brien:Delivery Feb of following year
Financial summary
Financial summary
NPVType200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040
Scenario 1: forward sale spread over five years
Scenario 2: annual sale one year after avoidance; voluntary then Kyoto
Scenario 3: sale at end of 5 year intervals; Kyoto starting 2012-17 period
REVENUE ACCOUNT
Carbon revenue
Scenario 1042626541426265414262654142626541426265410
Scenario 2010370000151250001907000022371250452902504957200053248500564300005920425061632000637740006566625067344750688410007017750070931250709740007100775071030250710482505239575043848000367537503081600000000000
Scenario 300000000024480900000003176212500000422961750000027507600000000000
OPERATING EXPENSES
Estimated as 10% of carbon revenue
Scenario 1042626544262654426265442626544262654000000000000000000000000000
Scenario 2010370001512500190700022371254529025495720053248505643000592042561632006377400656662567344756884100701775070931257097400710077571030257104825523957543848003675375308160000000000
Scenario 30000000002448090000003176212500004229617500002750760000000000
NET CARBON REVENUESNPV15%
Scenario 112860170003836388738363887383638873836388738363887000000000000000000000000000
Scenario 222693477609333000136125001716300020134125407612254461480047923650507870005328382555468800573966005909962560610275619569006315975063838125638766006390697563927225639434254715617539463200330783752773440000000000
Scenario 313842729700000000022032810000002858591250000380665575000024756840000000000
NET REVENUES in US$millions
Scenario 1129
Scenario 2227
Scenario 3138
150000000
150
5000000
15000000
25000000
35000000
45000000
55000000
65000000
75000000
85000000
95000000
105000000
115000000
125000000
135000000
145000000
155000000
165000000
175000000
185000000
195000000
205000000
$31,296,657.37
Carbon
Estate carbon statistics
Stocks as at beginning of year
Year020082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033203420352036203720382039204000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Baseline carbon stock (CO2-e t)
Stock at start of calendar year020082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033203420352036203720382039204000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
CroptypeAgeclassArea (ha)CO2-e (t)
Convert2008125004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500625375625250625250625125625125625125
Convert20091250045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500625375625250625250625125625125
Convert201012500457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500625375625250625250625125
Convert2011125004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500625375625250625250
Convert20121250045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500625375625250
Convert201312500457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500625375
Convert2014125004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625625500
Convert20151250045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875625625
Convert201612500457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125625875
Convert2017125004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500626125
Convert20181250045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125626500
Convert201912500457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875627125
Convert2020125004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875627875
Convert20211250045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125628875
Convert202212500457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000630125
Convert2023125004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375632000
Convert20241250045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250634375
Convert202512500457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500676250
Convert2026125004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625750500
Convert20271250045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500045750004575000457500035380003062500266800023378752058875182100016167501440000128587511510001032000926875833625
Convert202800000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert202900000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203000000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203100000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203200000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203300000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203400000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203500000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203600000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203700000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203800000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert203900000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204000000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204100000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204200000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204300000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204400000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204500000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204600000000000000000000000000000000000
Convert204700000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert200800000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert200900000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201000000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201100000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201200000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201300000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201400000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201500000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201600000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201700000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201800000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert201900000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202000000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202100000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202200000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202300000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202400000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202500000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202600000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202700000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202800000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert202900000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203000000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203100000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203200000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203300000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203400000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203500000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203600000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203700000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203800000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert203900000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204000000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204100000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204200000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204300000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204400000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204500000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204600000000000000000000000000000000000
Revert204700000000000000000000000000000000000
Total stocksYear200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040
ConvertConvert91500000915000009046300088950500870435008480637582290250795362507657800073443000701538756672987563186875595387505579737551972875480741254413350040190500362456253229950028352375254415002300550020963625192516251781837516622875156315001481675014156125136302501322337512921625
Revert0000000000000000000000000000000000
000 tonnes CO2eTotal91500915009046388951870448480682290795367657873443701546673063187595395579751973480744413440191362463230028352254422300620964192521781816623156321481714156136301322312922
Maximum carbon stocks91500
Baseline carbon emissions (CO2-e t)
Emissions during calendar year0200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040
Avoided emissions in the previous year00103700015125001907000223712525161252754000295825031350003289125342400035430003648125374137538245003898750394062539430003944875394612539471252910875243600020418751712000
00000000000000000000000000
20 year period from 2012
Scenario 1 CO2722483751444967514449675144496751444967514449675
Scenario 2 CO272248375103700015125001907000223712525161252754000295825031350003289125342400035430003648125374137538245003898750394062539430003944875394612539471252910875243600020418751712000
Scenario 3 CO27002600013600500176456252349787515282000
charts
charts
charts
91500
91500
90463
88950.5
87043.5
84806.375
82290.25
79536.25
76578
73443
70153.875
66729.875
63186.875
59538.75
55797.375
51972.875
48074.125
44133.5
40190.5
36245.625
32299.5
28352.375
25441.5
23005.5
20963.625
19251.625
17818.375
16622.875
15631.5
14816.75
14156.125
13630.25
13223.375
12921.625
'000 tonnes CO2-e
assumed saleable avoided deforestation CO2-e t
Convert
CO2-e stored in a 250,000 harvestable area assuming harvesting over 20 years and subsequent degradation
Croptype
Crop type data
Trend in CO2-equivalent stock (t/ha)
Year0123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120
Crop type0123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120
Convert366283245213187165146129115103928374676054515150505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050505050
Revert366290276266259255252251251252253255257260262265267270273276278281284287290293296299302305307310313316319322325328331334337340343346348351354357360363366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366
Forest conversion - assumes proportion removed & pushed, rest degraded through illegal activity and fires
decay rate0.3/yr
initial stock366t CO2-e /ha
minimum stock50t CO2-e /ha
loss rate from fire0.1/yr
Intial %
remaining standing65%
remaining pushed25%
removed from site10%
year0123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120
remaining standing237.9215.3194.8176.2159.5144.3130.6118.1106.996.787.579.271.764.858.753.150.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.0
remaining pushed91.567.7850.2237.2027.5620.4215.1211.208.306.154.563.372.501.851.371.020.750.560.410.310.230.170.120.090.070.050.040.030.020.020.010.010.010.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
removed from site36.6000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Forest reversion - assumes proportion removed & pushed, rest reverts back over 50 years
decay rate0.3/yr
initial stock366t CO2-e /ha
Intial %
remaining standing60%
remaining pushed25%
removed from site15%
year0123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120
remaining standing219.6223225228231234237240243246249252255258261264266269272275278281284287290293296299302305307310313316319322325328331334337340343346348351354357360363366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366366
remaining pushed91.567.7850.2237.2027.5620.4215.1211.208.306.154.563.372.501.851.371.020.750.560.410.310.230.170.120.090.070.050.040.030.020.020.010.010.010.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
removed from site54.9000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Croptype
Convert
Revert
Stand age (years)
Carbon stock (t/ha CO2-equiv.)
Implementing a Voluntary REDD Project in Papua
New Forests presented a paper at Bali Kyoto COP in Dec. 2007
comparing conservation scenarios to returns from land uses driving
deforestation
Developed methodologies & baselines that supported hypothetical REDD projects
Made acquaintance with Gov. Barnabus Suebu through research work, Bali COP and Emerald Planet (Indonesian counterparty)
Conceptualized a REDD project for Papua with governor, NGOs and forestry department
Signed Memorandum of Understanding in May 2008
MOU: New Forests & Government of Papua
PurposeCreation of a REDD project that provides a commercial basis
for forest conservation and sustainable development to the people
of PapuaTermsNew Forests will be granted a 10-year lease
(Environment Forest Services Utilization License IUPJL) for the
purposes of developing the project and marketing carbon credits -
implementation phaseSubsequently, land will be placed under a
perpetual conservation lease maintenance in perpetuity
MOU: New Forests & Government of Papua
Project 1. site selection have world heritage biodiversity value
Development(CI Hot Spot), under Development immediate threat of
deforestation or conversion
MOU: New Forests & Government of Papua
Project 2. consult with stakeholdersDevelopment3. establish a
Conservation Management Plan, operating plan and monitoring plan4.
develop a Project Design Document (carbon methodology)5. develop a
carbon business plan6. execute legal agreements7. attain VCS &
CCBA accreditation and register credits8. market and sell carbon
credits
MOU: New Forests & Government of Papua
Legal & FinancialEstablish a perpetual Trustee responsible for
monitoring and enforcing the Conservation Management Plan.
Carbon revenues endow a trust that will make annual distributions as conservation objectives are met (20% of gross carbon revenues)
Distributions will finance monitoring and management in perpetuity and provide financial support to local communities, i.e. health, education and economic development.
Profits after endowment and project costs split between the
Papuan Government, New Forests and Emerald Planet.
Immediate Next Steps
Site selection
Pre-marketing by New Forests has begun to develop business plan already have interested buyers but conditional on VCS accreditation
Achieve VCS accreditation & registration 12-month process but buyers willing to engage in conditional purchase contracts because of high demand
Develop endorsements/partnerships with NGO and scientific community
Establish synergies with national government and other forest conservation efforts in Indonesia
Remaining Questions for REDD
New Forests Advisory business has been researching legal,
commercial and technical issues in REDD project design
Seeking to continue development of architecture for REDD project developmentbusiness as usual models for carbon loss from logging and oil palmintegration of project-based and national level baselinescommercial modelling of project investment structures, credit release schedules and credit pricingstudies of the social impacts/benefits and management of endowment funds associated with REDD projectsstudying the supply/demand dynamic of REDD investments, including potential maximum supply rates of REDD credits and relative supply of REDD against different pricing scenarios & project types in ETS
*
www.newforests.com.au
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*