impressionism, divisionism, post
TRANSCRIPT
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Impresionism & PostimpresionismTeacher: Sara del Río
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Predecessors: British Romantic Landscape Painters (S.XVIII-S.XIX)
William Turner & John Constable
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR WORK:
-They painted outdoors: taking Nature itself as their model.
-Light and atmospheric phenomenons were their main interestest.
-The repeated topic of their works are landscapes and marines.
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Rain, steam and speed, William Turner, 1844
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Clouds, John Constable, 1821
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Origin of Impressionism (S.XIX)The term ‘Impressionism’ was coined by the art critic Leroy in Paris in 1874 when he was writing a review of an exhibition holded in Nadar Gallery.Monet´s painting Impression. Sunrise, was strong criticized by this journalist who named in a sarcastic way all the arstists included in the exhibition as ‘Impressionists’. Leroy described this Monet painting as ‘brutal and ugly’.
Impression. Sunrise, Monet, 1872
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GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPRESSIONISM:
-They knew and studied the Color Wheel.
-They studied how color of a scene changes depending on light variations.( Rouen Cathedral, Monet)
-Shadows are painted without following the Chiaroscuro principle. To create shadows, Impressinionist used complementary colors (value contrast between surfaces)
-They used strong brushstrokes, normally overlapping them to obtain secondary and tertiary colors.
-As their predecessors, they prefered to work outdoors instead of a workshop.
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Impressionism Masters: France
Monet Manet Renoir
Waterlilies and Japanese bridge, 1899
Monet painting in his floating studio, 1874
Girls at the piano, 1892
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Saint-Lazare Station, Monet, 1877
Claude Monet (1840-1926)
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Édouard Manet (1832-1883)
The luncheon on the grass, Manet, 1863
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Windmill of La Galette, Renoir, 1876
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
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Pointillism or Divisionism (1880-s.XX)Pointillism was a division of Impresionism developed by Georges Seurat and Paul Signac.
The term ‘Pointillism’ was coined in 1880 when some art critics tried to mock these artists painting style.
General Characteristics:
Pointillist artists replaced the large and random impresionist brushstrokes by short brushstrokes imitating dots.
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Pointillism paintings are done overlapping groups of primary color dots to obtain secondary and tertiary colors.
TECHNIQUE
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Georges Seurat (1859-1891)
Sunday Afternoon on the island of La Grande Jatte, Seurat, 1886
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Paul Signac (1863-1935)
The Papal Palace, Avignon, Signac, 1900
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Post-Impressionism (1890-s.XX)
Post-Impressionism was the last period of Impresionism. Artists such as Vincent Van Gogh, Henri de Toulousse-Lautrec and Paul Gauguin were its representatives.
The critic Roger Fry coined ‘Postimpressionism’ term to describe French art after Manet in 1910.
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GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POST-IMPRESSIONISM:
-They continue working outdoors but they worked indoorsas well.
-Use of vivid colours.
-Distinctive brushstrokes and thick application of paint.
-They were interested at emphasizing expressive effects to describe textures.
-They used unnatural colours to describe real-life scenes.
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Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890)
Sunflower, Van Gogh, 1888
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Toulousse-Lautrec (1864-1901)
At the Moulin-Rouge, Toulousse-Lautrec, 1892
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Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
Arearea, Gauguin, 1892