improving sow’s colostrumquality with phytobioticvet.kku.ac.th/vmkku2010/final/data/j19.pdf · c....

6/4/2010

1

Dr Kelvin Chong (D.V.M.)

Regional Technical Sales Manager

Meriden Animal Health Limited

Improving Sow’s Colostrum Quality

with Phytobiotic

CONTENTS

PHYTOBIOTIC

CONCLUSION

CLAUDIA J. ARIZA-NIETO’S STUDY

MODE OF ACTION

SOW COLOSTRUM/MILK QUALITY

THAILAND FIELD TRIAL

6/4/2010

2

PHYTOBIOTIC

CONCLUSION


MODE OF ACTION

SOW COLOSTRUM/MILK QUALITY


• Sow’s milk quality sparked

interest among researcher

as early as 1940’s

• B.E. Sheffy et. al., 1952

sited the correlation of sow’s

milk quality with feed ration

and stage of lactation

Introduction

6/4/2010

3

• Improvement in genetic which produce more live born piglets as the

driving force

• Increasing the growth rate of piglets prior to weaning has a marked

possitive effect both on lifetime performance and on the profitability of

the pig enterprise (Mahan and Lepine, 1991)

• Much studies on milk quality and production had be taken place since

Introduction – Con’t

• J. Bujcukova et.al,.2006, sited that lysine and threonine level

in feed ration has positive influence on the sow’s colostrum

and milk quality

6/4/2010

4

PHYOBIOTIC

CONCLUSION


MODE OF ACTION

SOW’S COLOSTRUM/MILK QUALITY


ANCIENT TIME

the Greeks knew that certain herb like

oregano had certain medicinal properties.

Hippocrates (5th Cent. B.C.), the Father of

Medicine, used oregano for curing various

diseases, such as stomach pain, respiratory

diseases, etc.

Mediterranean people used oregano as a

preservative of meat.

6/4/2010

5

Background of Plant Extract Research

• Antibiotic Residue Antibiotic Resistance

• Human Health Hazard

– Increasing reliance on vancomycin has led to the emergence of

vancomycin-resistant enterococci infections. According to CDC,

prior to 1989, no U.S. hospital had reported any vancomycin-

resistant enterococci but subsequently, such microbes have

become common in U.S. hospitals.

– In 2004, the third reported case of vancomycin-resistant S.

aureus (VRSA) in the United States was reported in New York.

– Strains of S. aureus resistant to methicillin are endemic in

hospitals and are increasing in non-hospital settings

( Source: National Institute of health, US Department of Health &

Human Services, 2000)

Antimicrobial agent (µg)Diffusion zone

breakpoint (mm)Avian isolates (n = 34) Human isolates (n = 48)

R R

Aminoglycosides

Kanamycin (30) ≤ 13 91.2 43.8

β-lactams

Ampicillin (10) ≤ 13 20.6 35.4

Quinolones

Ciprofloxacin (5) ≤ 15 8.8 10.4

Enrofloxacin (5) ≤ 17 29.4 10.4

Nalidixic acid (30) ≤ 13 85.3 10.4

Norfloxacin (5) ≤ 12 20.6 6.3

Ofloxacin (5) ≤ 12 11.8 8.3

Tetracyclines

Tetracycline (30) ≤ 14 82.4 43.8

Miles et al. BMC Veterinary Research 2006 2:7 doi:10.1186/1746-6148-2-7

Percentage of E.coli isolate from avian and human

resistance to antimicrobial agent by NCCLS disc

diffusion method

Miles et al. BMC

Veterinary

Research 2006

6/4/2010

6

• Pathogen resistance

– Statistic shown 50-60%

drug resistance in

China

– Misuse of antibiotics,

overuse of antibiotics

– Consequences:

• Dampen immune

system

• Secondary bacterial

infection

• Antibiotic residue


Source: Zhang Xiuying, Lu Xiumei (2003）China Veterinary Drug Control Centre,

Hebei Livestock & Veterinary No. 19, Ed. 5

Statistical Analysis from Shandong Province

• Consumer pressure

– Improvement in standard of living

– Demand for better quality

• Food safety

• Green line

• Environmental friendly


6/4/2010

7

Overview of plant extracts worldwide

• To stimulate immunomodulatory responses (Middleton and

Kandaswami, 1992)

• To stimulate enzyme activity (Platel and Srinivasan, 1996)

• antioxidant (Arouma et al.,1996) and

• antitoxin (Azumi et al., 1997).

• Antimicrobial (Cowan, 1999, Dorman and Deans, 2000; Chang et

al., 2001)

• antiviral (Garcia et al.,2003),

• To improve digestive physiology

• To modify microbial populations in the piglet (Manzanilla et al.,

2004) and the broiler chicken (Jamroz et al., 2003).

• flavor enhancers (Lee et al., 2004a).

– To be advantageous in standardizing tastes and smells of the

diet if the diet ingredients are changed such as during the

weaning transition of piglets (Anonymous, 1998).

OREGO-STIM

Published studies demonstrate the significant and wide

ranging effects of Orego-Stim® on various microbes that

affect the intestinal microbiota of livestock animals, thus

enhancing performance and boosting productivity.

6/4/2010

8

Active Components of Orego-Stim®

α-Thujene/α-Pinene Trans-Sabinene hydrate

α-Thujene α-Bourbonene

α-Pinene Linalool

Camphine Cis-Sabinene hydrate

β-Pinene Terpinen-4-ol

Sabinene Carvacrol methyl ether

Myrecene β-Caryophyllene

α-Phellandrene Dihydrocarvone

α-Terpinene α-Humulene

Limonene α-Terpineol

1,8-Cineole (+β-Phellandrene) Borneol

1,8-Cineole β-Bisabolene

β-Phellandrene Caryophyllene oxide

β-Ocimene γ-Terpinene

Terpinolene ρ-Cymene

3-Octanol Thymol

1-Octen-3-ol Carvacrol

Dimethyl styrene

Aristotle University, 1995

PHYTOBIOTIC

CONCLUSION

CLAUDIA J.ARIZA-NIETO’S STUDY

MODE OF ACTION


THAILAND TRIAL

6/4/2010

9

How does Orego-Stim® work?

• Orego-Stim® works by improving gut health, but how?

a) Direct antibacterial property

- Physical action

- E.coli, Salmonella sp. Clostridium sp., Stretococcus sp.,

staphylococcus sp.

a) Indirect antibacterial/anticoccidial property

- Disruption of the coccidia life cycle

b) Appetizer

- Stimulation of cranial nerve

d) Improved Digestion & Absorption

- Increase villus length & crypt depth ration


Ctrl OEO

Source: C. Ariza-Nieto, M. Bandrick, T.W. Molitor, S.K.

Baidoo (2006) University of Minnesota (Ph.D. Thesis)

6/4/2010

10

e) Anti-Oxidant Property

- Carvacrol & Thymol

f) No Residues


Free Description Test (TES-S-011)

Pig Meat - University of Leeds (U.K.), Centre of Animal Sciences

Chicken Meat – SLU, Sweden

No Residues Within Livestock Products

INTRODUCTION TO OREGO-STIM

INCLUSION RATES

CLAUDIA J.ARIZA-NIETO’S STUDY

MODE OF ACTION

INTRODUCTION TO MERIDEN

TRIALS - SWINE

6/4/2010

11

C. Ariza-Nieto1, M. Bandrick2, T.W. Molitor2, S.K. Baidoo3

1 University of Minnesota, Animal Science, St Paul, MN

2 University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St Paul, MN

3 University of Minnesota, Southern Research and Outreach Center, Waseca, MN

2006

Effect of dietary supplementation of Oregano

Essential Oils (Orego-Stim®) to sow on

colostrum quality

Objective of the study

To investigate the influence of Oregano Essential Oil

(Orego-Stim Powder®) supplementation on:

� Colostrum Quality

� Immune Status of piglet

� Litter performance

6/4/2010

12

Within 24 hours after service

Materials and Method

12 sows12 sows

119 Piglets 118 Piglets

Colostrum Colostrum

IGF, T-Lymphocyte, γδ, CD4 & CD8 Analysis

Blood T-lymphocyte count before and after suckling

Piglet weight at Day 1,5, 9,12,16, &19 for grow rate

Control OSP 250ppm

150 SOWs

Effect of dietary supplementation

of Oregano Essential Oil (OSP) sow’s IGF-1 and

T-lymphocytes in colostrum



Treatments

Control OSP

No. of sows 12 12

IGF-1, ng/ml 429.9 541.0 (↑ 26%)

No. T-lymphocytes 3.6 5.4 (↑ 50%)

γδ, % 45.9 49.7

CD4, % 7.0 10.1

CD8, % 13.1 12.2

CD4/CD8 0.6 0.7

6/4/2010

13


of Oregano Essential Oil (OSP) sow’s on T-

lymphocytes of piglet before and after suckling



Treatments

Control OSP

Number Piglet 119 118

No. of T-Lymphocytes

Before Suckling 4.4 3.9

After Suckling 8.2 9.4a

Difference In Number 3.8 5.5

Difference in % ↑44.7%


of Oregano Essential Oil (OSP) sow’s on the

performance of the piglet



Treatments

Control OSP

Number Piglet 119 118

Body weight (kg)

Day 1 1.6 1.5

Day 19 6.0b 6.2a↑

Average Growth Rate g/d 247b 262a↑

6/4/2010

14

Conclusion• It is shown that the Lymphocyte count in the colostrum of sow

with Oregano Essential Oil (OSP) treated significantly higher

than control group

• The T-Lymphocyte count in the colostrum also influence the T-

lymphocyte count in the piglet after suckling which is

significant higher in Oregano Essential Oil OSP treated group

• The IGF-1 in the colostrum is also significantly higher in

Oregano Essential Oil (OSP) treated group

• This is consistent with the observation where Oregano

Essential Oil (OSP) treated group, the piglet showed increase

in pre-weaning growth rate.

PYTOBIOTIC

CONCLUSION


MODE OF ACTION

SOW ‘S COLOSTRUM/MILK QUALITY

THAILAND TRIAL

6/4/2010

15

Trial conducted in Unit 3 where 2,000 sows had PED outbreak

The Use of Orego-Stim® in Controlling Porcine

Epidemic Diarrhoea in a Commercial Pig Farm

Commercial Pig Farm In Thailand with 6,000 Sows

Source: LIC, Thailand 2009

Trial Design

• Sows

– Orego-Stim® Powder.

– Inclusion rate at 500g/t

of feed.

– Started 1 week before

farrowing until 25 days

after farrowing.

• Piglets

– Oral drenching with

Orego-Stim® Liquid.

– Mixture:

• Dilute 1ml OSL : 3ml

clean water.

– Inclusion:

• Give 2ml of the

preparation per piglet

for 3 times at Day 1,

Day 3 & Day 5.


6/4/2010

16

Unit 3: Pre-weaning Mortality Rate and Sow

Culling Rate

0

5

10

15

20

25

%

3/1

1/2

008

17/1

1/0

8

1/1

2/2

008

15/1

2/0

8

29/1

2/0

8

12/1

/2009

26/0

1/0

9

9/2

/2009

23/0

2/0

9

9/3

/2009

23/3

/2009

6/4

/2009

Week

Piglet Mortality

Sow Culling Rate

Start OS


PED Challenge

Unit 3: No of Piglet Weaned, Average Weaning

Weight & Average Birth Weight

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

%

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Week

Birth weight

Weaning weight

Ave. no of piglets

weaned

Start OS


PED Challenge

6/4/2010

17

Unit 3: Litter Weight at Weaning

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

kg

3/1

1/2

008

17

/11/0

81/1

2/2

008

15

/12/0

829

/12/0

812

/1/2

009

26

/1/0

99/2

/20

09

23

/2/0

99/3

/20

09

23

/3/0

96/4

/20

09

Week

Start OS


PED Challenge

Conclusion

• Orego-Stim® effectively improved the PED cases in this

commercial pig farm.

• There was a reduction in pre-weaning mortality rate after

the use Orego-Stim.

• There was also an increase in weaning weight of piglets

after using Orego-Stim®.

6/4/2010

18

PHYTOBIOTIC

CONCLUSION


MODE OF ACTION


THAILAND TRIAL

Conclusion

• Improving colostrum/milk quality is challenging task

considering improvement of genetic which more piglet born

per litter and to ensure the survival of the piglet during the

suckling period.

• It is found that Oregano Essential Oil (Orego-Stim® )help not

only to improve the quality of colostrum but also the growth

rate of suckling piglet.

• It is important to put experimental finding into commercial

practice and in this case, the commercial farm trial in Thailand

proved that supplementation of Orego-Stim® help in the case

of controlling Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea

6/4/2010

19

Healthy AnimalsHealthy Animals

Healthy PeopleHealthy People

NaturallyNaturally

improving sow’s colostrumquality with phytobioticvet.kku.ac.th/vmkku2010/final/data/j19.pdf · c....

Documents