INCIDENT PREVENTION

Objective

define what is incident

itemize cost involved in an incident

3 theory on a accident causation

explain the causes of

incident & role of management

control

Principles of loss prevention

Causes of incident

Incidents and productivity

Approach to loss prevention

Principles of Incident

Prevention

Management and workers

must fully cooperate.

Incident prevention is

good management

Top management

must lead.

There must be an OSH policy.

Must have organization

and resources to implement

policy

Best available information

(and technologies)

must be applied.

INCIDENT PREVENTION

WHAT IS INCIDENT ?

?

Incident ??????

unexpected

unplanned

Occurs through a combination

of causes

Physical harm

(injury, ill-health or disease)

Individual

property

Near-miss

Loss and combination

INCIDENT

Long term injuries

Hearing loss

Expose to chemical

Short term

forklift

Why Prevent an Incident ????

Pre

ven

t in

cid

ent

Legal reasons

Moral Issue

Business reasons

ACCIDENT CAUSATION THEORIES

Theories

Domino Theory

(Teori Domino)

Loss Causation Model

(Teori mengawal kerugian)

Multi-causality Accident Model

(Model kemalangan aneka-sebab akibat)

Theory Domino (1930) Heinrich Domino

Five factors in a sequence

Series of events or circumstances

Injury (Accident)

Heinrich Domino Theory (1930) (Teori Domino)

Domino theory

injury

Personal attitude (temper,

nervousness

Fault of person

/weakness of workers

Unsafe acts and

condition

accident

Loss Causation Model (Teori mengawal kerugian)

Poor management safety policy&decisions Personal factors

Environmental factors

Basic causes Indirect causes

ACCIDENT Personal injury

Property damage

Direct causes

Unsafe act

Unplanned incidence

Unsafe condition

Selection of workers

Machinery and equipment

Supervision,etc

System of work

Information and training

Multicausality Accident Model

Unsafe act (individual)

Unsafe condition

Lack of management control

Accident

Three or more that one caus eto any accu to any accident

Multicausality Accident Model

Accident

Cause A

Cause B

Cause c

Kemalangan

Penyakit

kecederaan

kerosakan Kemalangan

tapi tiada kecederaan

Near miss

Segitiga “Tye-Pearson” (1974) British Safety Council

1

3

50

80

400 Near Misses

Property

First Aid

Lost day

Fatal/serious injury

Kerosakn harta benda

Kerosakan loji

Kerugian pengeluaran

Kerosakan produk atau persekitaran

Peningkatan liabiliti

Kemalangan

Approached Bird’s

ill health

injury

Include..

NOT ONLY

Fundamental to loss control

Examine root of incident

Control risk

Action to be taken

Loss in future

Productivity aspsect of Safety

Productivity

Quality

Productivity aspsect of Safety

Premium

Study period

Hidden Cost

Productivity aspsect of Safety

Premium

Study period

Hidden Cost

1 X

8-36 X

Hidden cost Workers injured

New workers

Maintenance.period

Fined

Time investigation

Workers MC

Delayed work

Lost of productivity

Court

Relative comparison

Preventive cost

Incident cost

Cost of incident

prevention

Design Cost

Operational cost

Planning – limiting cost

Install machine guards

Running safety dept.

Au

dit

co

st.

Du pont Ach

ievable

Safety away from work is as important as at work

Unsafe practices,incident, injury

will be investigated

Deficiencies must be corrected

Safety audit and inspection compulsaory

Training is required

Safety icondition of employment

Management directly responsible

All injuries and illness are preventable

Accident prevention is cost effective, the highest cost is human suffering

Employees must be actively involved

Safety away from work is as important as safety at work

Summary

Incident in the workplace is largely cause by lack of management

Implement an appropriate company policy

Control OSH risk

Management system in workplace

Promote OSHA

Zero accident in the workplace is possible..