index of all the subjects - web viewindian's vulnerability to money laundering —...

www.brainyias.com

INDEX of All the Subjects

Ethics

ContentsWestern Moral Thinkers..............................................................................................................................8

Socrates...................................................................................................................................................8

Plato......................................................................................................................................................12

Aristotle.................................................................................................................................................18

Epicureanism.........................................................................................................................................25

Stoicism.................................................................................................................................................29

Utilitarianism.........................................................................................................................................32

Kantianism.............................................................................................................................................40

Moral Thinkers of Twentieth Century........................................................................................................45

Introduction...........................................................................................................................................45

G.E. Moore............................................................................................................................................45

Sir David Ross........................................................................................................................................46

A.J. Ayer.................................................................................................................................................46

C.L. Stevenson.......................................................................................................................................47

R.M. Hare...............................................................................................................................................48

John Rawls.............................................................................................................................................51

SUMMARY.............................................................................................................................................52

Ethical Ideas in Indian Philosophical Tradition...........................................................................................54

Hinduism...............................................................................................................................................54

Jainism...................................................................................................................................................62

Pride..................................................................................................................................................63

Buddhist Ethics......................................................................................................................................64

Gandhian Ethics.....................................................................................................................................68

Lessons from the Lives of Great Leaders, Reformers and Administrators.................................................78

Introduction and Approach...................................................................................................................78

Vivekananda..........................................................................................................................................79

Ramakrishna Paramahamsa..................................................................................................................83

Sri Aurobindo.........................................................................................................................................85

Brainy IAS www.brainyias.com

www.brainyias.comRaja Ram Mohan Roy............................................................................................................................87

Dayananda Saraswati............................................................................................................................89

Narayana Guru......................................................................................................................................91

Sir Rabindranath Tagore........................................................................................................................94

Kautilya..................................................................................................................................................97

Guru Ravidas........................................................................................................................................101

Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, Determinants and Consequences of Ethics in Human Actions....105

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................105

Definitions of Ethics.............................................................................................................................105

Ethical Standards.................................................................................................................................108

Ethics that Shape Society.....................................................................................................................110

Analytical Ethics (Metaethics)..............................................................................................................110

Criticisms of the Doctrine of Double Effect..........................................................................................114

Sources of Ethical Guidance: Laws, Rules, Regulations and Conscience..................................................117

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................117

Ordinary Meaning of Law....................................................................................................................117

Meaning of Law in Ethics.....................................................................................................................117

Types of Law According to Aquinas.....................................................................................................118

Constitutional Values...........................................................................................................................121

Conscience...........................................................................................................................................122

Ethical Reasoning and Moral Dilemmas..................................................................................................128

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................128

Ethical Situations.................................................................................................................................128

Process of Moral Decision Making.......................................................................................................128

Ethical Dilemmas.................................................................................................................................132

Frame Work for Analyzing Ethical Dilemmas.......................................................................................136

Codes of Ethics and Codes of Conduct....................................................................................................139

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................139

Distinction between Codes of Ethics and Codes of Conduct................................................................139

Codes and Laws...................................................................................................................................140

Internal Regulation..............................................................................................................................142

Codes of Conduct for Civil Servants: General Principles and Approach...............................................144

Reporting Details of Properties and Transactions................................................................................149

Financial Propriety...............................................................................................................................150

Political Neutrality...............................................................................................................................151


www.brainyias.comOther Norms........................................................................................................................................153

Individual Ethics of Civil Servants............................................................................................................156

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................156

Character and Personality...................................................................................................................156

Virtue Ethics........................................................................................................................................156

Types of Virtues...................................................................................................................................158

Recent Views on Ethics for Civil Servants............................................................................................158

Civil service ethics in different schools of thought..............................................................................162

Ethical and Sensitive Conduct..............................................................................................................166

Code of Conduct for Ministers.................................................................................................................169

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................169

Framework for Ethical Behaviour........................................................................................................169

Ethical Standards Prescribed by Nolan Committee..............................................................................169

SARC's Views on Code of Ethics for Ministers......................................................................................173

Mechanisms for Fighting Corruption.......................................................................................................176

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................176

Defining Corruption.............................................................................................................................176

Widening the Definition of Corruption................................................................................................178

Roots of Corruption.............................................................................................................................179

Causes of Corruption...........................................................................................................................180

Systemic Reforms for Curbing Corruption...........................................................................................181

Administrative structure and procedures for curbing corruption........................................................182

Types of Vigilance................................................................................................................................185

Fight against Corruption: Current Issues.................................................................................................190

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................190

Delays in Departmental Proceedings...................................................................................................190

Disciplinary Proceedings......................................................................................................................191

Sanction for Prosecution.....................................................................................................................192

Speeding up Trials under the Prevention of Corruption Act................................................................194

Protection to Whistleblowers..............................................................................................................197

Constitutional Protection to Civil Servants – Article 311.....................................................................199

Multi-pronged Approach to Reducing Corruption...................................................................................206

Citizens' Initiatives and Civil Society....................................................................................................206

Social Audit..........................................................................................................................................208

Systemic Reforms................................................................................................................................209


www.brainyias.comRecent Measures.................................................................................................................................211

Improvement in Accuracy of Electoral Rolls........................................................................................219

Coalition and Ethics.............................................................................................................................222

Lokpal......................................................................................................................................................226

Historical Background..........................................................................................................................226

Recent Developments.........................................................................................................................226

Main Provision of the Bill.....................................................................................................................227

Lokpal's Jurisdiction.............................................................................................................................227

Procedure for Complaint Handling......................................................................................................228

Controversial Issues.............................................................................................................................230

Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................234

The Right to Information Act...................................................................................................................236

Key Concepts.......................................................................................................................................238

RTI's Main Strategy: Disclosure............................................................................................................238

Central Information Commission (CIC)................................................................................................239

Complaints under RTI Act....................................................................................................................241

The Official Secrets Act........................................................................................................................243

Overview of the Impact.......................................................................................................................245

Citizen’s Charter......................................................................................................................................248

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................248

The Indian Scenario.............................................................................................................................249

Rationale of a Citizen's Charter............................................................................................................252

Citizen's Charters - Model Guidelines..................................................................................................254

Features of a Good Charter.................................................................................................................256

Main Provisions of the Bill...................................................................................................................260

Complaint Mechanism.........................................................................................................................261

Penalties..............................................................................................................................................262

Main Issues..........................................................................................................................................262

Corporate Governance............................................................................................................................265

Structure and Processes of Companies...............................................................................................265

Corporate Governance........................................................................................................................269

Evolution of Corporate Governance in India.......................................................................................272

Provisions Contained in the Companies Act........................................................................................273

Attitudes..................................................................................................................................................281

Attitude: Definition and Elaboration....................................................................................................281


www.brainyias.comAttitude: Structure...............................................................................................................................282

Attitude: Functions..............................................................................................................................283

Learning Theory of Attitude Change Classical Conditioning................................................................285

Theory of Persuasion...........................................................................................................................287

Cognitive Routes..................................................................................................................................289

Attitudes and Behaviour......................................................................................................................291

Explaining Inconsistency......................................................................................................................292

The Principle of Compatibility..............................................................................................................295

The MODE Model................................................................................................................................295

Stereotyping and Prejudice.................................................................................................................299

Emotional Intelligence.............................................................................................................................304

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................304

Intellectual Abilities.............................................................................................................................305

Moral Qualities....................................................................................................................................305

Emotional Intelligence.........................................................................................................................305

Art of Criticism.....................................................................................................................................312

Influencing People...............................................................................................................................314

Communicating...................................................................................................................................315

Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................320

Utilization of Public Funds.......................................................................................................................323

Fund Vlitization in Social Sector...........................................................................................................325

Constraints on Fund Utilization...........................................................................................................326

Centrally Sponsible Schemes (CSS)......................................................................................................327

Transfer of Funds.................................................................................................................................329

Audit of Expenditure............................................................................................................................332

Certification of Finance and Appropriation Accounts..........................................................................334

Canons of Financial Propriety..............................................................................................................336

Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................336


www.brainyias.com

Geography

ContentsTHE HYDROSPHERE......................................................................................................................................3

THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE......................................................................................................................3

Evaporation & Evapo-transpiration.........................................................................................................3

Precipitation........................................................................................................................................3

Surface Run-off....................................................................................................................................4

COMPOSITION OF HYDROSPHERE...........................................................................................................4

Fresh Water Resources............................................................................................................................4

Ground Water......................................................................................................................................5

Surface Waters....................................................................................................................................5

THE OCEANS................................................................................................................................................6

Features of the Ocean Basin....................................................................................................................6

Continental Margin..................................................................................................................................6

Deep Ocean Basin....................................................................................................................................7

Oceanic Depth Zones...............................................................................................................................8

Bottom Topography of Indian Ocean.......................................................................................................8

Properties of Ocean Water......................................................................................................................9

Movement of Water in the Ocean.........................................................................................................10

Waves....................................................................................................................................................10

Currents.................................................................................................................................................10

Cause of Ocean Currents...................................................................................................................10

Currents of the Atlantic Ocean..........................................................................................................11

Currents in the Pacific Ocean.............................................................................................................12

Currents of the Indian Ocean.............................................................................................................13

Sinking...................................................................................................................................................14

Upwelling...............................................................................................................................................14

Tides......................................................................................................................................................14

Types of Tides....................................................................................................................................15

Some important facts about tides:....................................................................................................15


www.brainyias.com

GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA.................................................................................................................................4

PHYSIOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................................................4

GEOLOGY OF INDIA..................................................................................................................................4

MAJOR ROCKGROUPS IN INDIA...............................................................................................................6

PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS.....................................................................................................................7

Northern Mountain System.................................................................................................................7

Plains...................................................................................................................................................8

Plateau Region...................................................................................................................................10

THE COASTAL PUIINS.........................................................................................................................13

DRAINAGE.................................................................................................................................................15

Drainage Patterns..................................................................................................................................15

The Himalayan Rivers............................................................................................................................15

The Indus River System..........................................................................................................................16

The Ganga River System........................................................................................................................16

The Brahmaputra River System.............................................................................................................16

The Peninsular Rivers............................................................................................................................17

The Narmada Basin................................................................................................................................17

The Tapi Basin........................................................................................................................................17

The Godavari Basin................................................................................................................................17

The Mahanadi Basin..............................................................................................................................17

The Krishna Basin..................................................................................................................................17

The Kaveri Basin....................................................................................................................................18

CLIMATE....................................................................................................................................................19

Monsoon...............................................................................................................................................19

FACTORS AFFECTING INDIA'S CLIMATE.................................................................................................19

India’s Climatic Regions.........................................................................................................................20

Tropical Wet......................................................................................................................................20

Tropical Dry.......................................................................................................................................21

Subtropical Humid.............................................................................................................................22

Montane Climate...............................................................................................................................23

Tropical Rainy Climatic Group............................................................................................................23

Dry climate group..............................................................................................................................24

Humid Sub-tropical Climate Group....................................................................................................25

Mountain climate..............................................................................................................................25


www.brainyias.comSEASONS................................................................................................................................................25

WINTER..............................................................................................................................................26

SUMMER............................................................................................................................................27

MONSOON.........................................................................................................................................28

Effect of Geographical Relief Features...................................................................................................29

"Bursting" of Monsoon Rains.................................................................................................................29

NORMAL MONSOON RAINS..................................................................................................................30

THEORIES FOR MONSOON VARIABILITY................................................................................................31

EI Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Effect............................................................................................31

MONSOON PREDICTION MODETS IN INDIA...........................................................................................32

EFFECTS OF MONSOON ON INDIA.........................................................................................................32

NATURAL DISASTERS IN INDIA...................................................................................................................35

CYCLONES IN INDIA...............................................................................................................................35

DROUGHTS............................................................................................................................................36

GLOBAL WARMING AND ITS IMPACT ON CLIMATE...............................................................................36

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION....................................................................................................................37

NATURAL VEGETATION OF INIDIA.............................................................................................................38

FORESTS OF INDIA.................................................................................................................................38

GRASSLANDS OF INDIA..........................................................................................................................43

WETLANDS.............................................................................................................................................44

SOILS......................................................................................................................................................44

Alluvial Soils.......................................................................................................................................45

Black Soils:.........................................................................................................................................46

Red and Yellow Soils:.........................................................................................................................46

Laterite Soils......................................................................................................................................47

Arid Soils............................................................................................................................................48

Saline Soils.........................................................................................................................................48

Peaty and Organic Soils.....................................................................................................................49

Forest Soils........................................................................................................................................49


www.brainyias.com

Governance issues

ContentsCHAPTER -1 AGRICULTURE & ALLIED SECTOR........................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................8

MAJOR GOVERNMENT SCHEMES/PROGRAMMES.............................................................................8

4. Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India (BGREI):...............................................................12

5. Rainfed Area Development Programme (RADP):.....................................................................12

5. Integrated Scheme of Oilseeds, Pulses, Oil Palm and Maize (ISOPOM):...........................13

6. National Horticulture Mission (NHM):..............................................................................13

7. National Agriculture Insurance Scheme(NAIS)/Rashtriya Krishi Bima Yojana (RKBY):......13

CHAPTER – 2 INDIAN AGRICULTURE: MAJOR CONCERNS & CAUSES OF PRESENT SITUATION.............15

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................15

Major Concerns................................................................................................................................15

Causes Underlying the Present State of Indian Agriculture..............................................................21

CHAPTER – 3 INDUSTRY.......................................................................................................................23

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................23

PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTOR OVER THE YEARS....................................................23

EMPLOYMENT IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR..................................................................................24

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN INDUSTRIAL GROWTH: NEED FOR PARADIGM SHIFT............................24

COMPONENTS OF MANUFACTURING STRATEGY IN XIITH FYP (2012-17)..........................................25

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING POLICY 2011.....................................................................................26

DELHI-MUMBAI INDUSTRIAL CORRIDOR PROJECT...........................................................................26

FDI POLICY INITIATIVES....................................................................................................................27

E-BIZ PROJECT..................................................................................................................................27

MICRO SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSME) SECTOR..............................................................27

RURAL DEVELOPMENT.....................................................................................................................29

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)....................................29

NATIONAL RURAL LIVELIHOODS MISSION (NRLM-AJEEVIKA)...........................................................32

XII Five Year Plan has set following targets for NRDWP:..................................................................36

TOTAL SANITATION CAMPAIGN (TSC)..............................................................................................37

FACTORS WHICH ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE POOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAMME ARE:38


www.brainyias.comXII FIVE YEAR PLAN HAS ENVISAGED FOLLOWING GOALS FOR TSC:................................................38

INDIRA AWAS YOJANA (lAY).............................................................................................................38

PROVISION OF URBAN AMENITIES IN RURAL AREAS (PURA)...........................................................39

CHAPTER – 4 URBAN DEVELOPMENT...................................................................................................40

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................40

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION (JNNURM).......................................40

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION (JNNURM) H....................................42

NATIONAL URBAN LIVELIHOOD MISSION (NULM)...........................................................................43

DEVELOPMENT AND VOLUNTARY SECTOR.......................................................................................44

CONCEPT OF DEVELOPMENT...........................................................................................................44

CHANGING PROFILE OF "DEVELOPMENT PROCESS"........................................................................44

CONCEPT OF DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRY..........................................................................................46

DEFINITION OF VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS (VOS).......................................................................47

CHARACTERISTICS OF VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS.......................................................................47

ROLE OF VOLUNTARY SECTOR IN DEVELOPMENT............................................................................48

SELF HELP GROUPS (SHGS)...............................................................................................................49

EVOLUTION OF SHG MOVEMENT IN INDIA......................................................................................50

SOME SUCCESS STORIES OF SELF HELP GROUP MOVEMENT...........................................................50

IMPACT OF SHG MOVEMENT: A NABARD STUDY.............................................................................52

LESSONS FROM SELF HELP GROUP MOVEMENT..............................................................................53

LIMITATIONS OF THE SELF HELP GROUP MOVEMENT.....................................................................53

CHAPTER – 5 WELFARE SCHEMES FOR VULNERABLE SECTIONS OF THE POPULATION........................55

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................55

SCHEDULED CASTES (SCS)................................................................................................................56

POST MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP............................................................................................................56

PRE-MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP TO CHILDREN OF THOSE ENGAGED IN UNCLEAN.................................56

TOP CLASS EDUCATION FOR SC STUDENTS......................................................................................57

NATIONAL OVERSEAS SCHOLARSHIP SCHEME (NOS).......................................................................57

RAJIV GANDHI NATIONAL FELLOWSHIPS (RGNF).............................................................................57

UPGRADATION OF MERIT.................................................................................................................57

CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME OF FREE COACHING...............................................................................57

BABU JAGJIVAN RAM CHHATRAVAS YOJANA (BJRCY)......................................................................57

SCHEMES FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SCS..........................................................................58

SOCIALLY PROTECTIVE LEGISLATIONS..............................................................................................59

SCHEDULED TRIBES..........................................................................................................................59


www.brainyias.comPOST MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP............................................................................................................61

HOSTELS FOR ST GIRLS/BOYS...........................................................................................................61

UPGRADATION OF MERIT OF ST STUDENTS.....................................................................................61

FREE COACHING FOR ST...................................................................................................................62

SCHOLARSHIPS SCHEME OF TOP CLASS EDUCATION.......................................................................62

ASHRAM SCHOOL.............................................................................................................................62

STRENGTHENING OF EDUCATION AMONG ST GIRLS.......................................................................63

RAJIV GANDHI NATIONAL FELLOWSHIPS..........................................................................................63

NATIONAL OVERSEAS SCHOLARSHIP................................................................................................63

TRIBAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES.........................................................................................................63

NATIONAL SCHEDULED TRIBES FINANCE AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION...............................63

MARKET DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBAL PRODUCTS..............................................................................64

VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTER IN TRIBAL AREAS..........................................................................64

SOCIAL JUSTICE AND PROTECTION OF SCHEDULED TRIBES.............................................................64

PANCHAYAT EXTENSION TO SCHEDULED AREAS ACT (1996)...........................................................65

STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PESA...........................................................................................65

SCHEDULED TRIBES AND OTHER TRADITIONAL FOREST DWELLERS.................................................66

INDIVIDUAL TITLES...........................................................................................................................67

COMMUNITY RIGHTS.......................................................................................................................67

CHECKING DISPLACEMENT OF TRIBALS............................................................................................67

SCHEDULED CASTE SUB PLAN (SCSP) AND TRIBAL SUB PLAN (TSP)..................................................68

SCHEDULED CASTE SUB PLAN (SCSP)...............................................................................................68

TRIBAL SUB PLAN (TSP)....................................................................................................................69

NARENDRA JADHAV TASK FORCE ON TSP/SCSP...............................................................................69

OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES (OBCS)................................................................................................70

MINORITIES......................................................................................................................................71

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF MINORITIES.............................................................................71

PRIME MINISTER'S 15 POINT PROGRAMME.....................................................................................73

MULTI-SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (MSDP)................................................................74

INSTITUTIONS CONSTITUTED FOR THE WELFARE OF VULNERABLE SECTIONS.................................74

NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR SCHEDULED CASTES.........................................................................74

THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES...................................................................77

THE NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION................................................................................77

THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN....................................................................................79

THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR PROTECTION OF CHILD RIGHTS.................................................80


www.brainyias.comTHE NATIONAL BACKWARD CLASSES COMMISSION........................................................................81

THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR MINORITIES...............................................................................81

ISSUES WITH DIFFERENT COMMISSIONS CONSTITUTED FOR PROTECTION OF................................82

CHAPTER – 6 ISSUES RELATING TO DEVELOPMENT & MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH.............................85

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................85

WEAKNESSES OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN INDIA...........................................................................85

PERFORMANCE OF KEY INDICATORS OF HEALTH.............................................................................86

EXPENDITURE ON HEALTH SECTOR IN INDIA:..................................................................................87

CONCEPT OF "UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE" FOR INDIA.............................................................88

Global experience of UHC suggests following facts:.........................................................................89

NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION (NHM)................................................................................................91

GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF NHM:........................................................................................................92

STRATEGIES OF NHM:......................................................................................................................93

INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF NHM:...................................................95

FLEXIBILITY & DECENTRALISED PLANNING: THE KEY ELEMENTS OF NHM.......................................97

NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH MISSION: PERFORMANCE SO FAR.........................................................98

RASHTRIYA SWASTHYA BIMA YOJANA (RSBY)..................................................................................99

CHAPTER – 7 ISSUES RELATING TO DEVELOPMENT & MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION.....................101

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................101

ELEMENTARY, SECONDARY EDUCATION AND LITERACY................................................................101

ACCESS...........................................................................................................................................103

EQUITY...........................................................................................................................................104

QUALITY.........................................................................................................................................104

GOVERNANCE................................................................................................................................104

THE RIGHT OF CHILDREN TO FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION ACT (RTE),............................105

THE RTE ACT 2009 PROVIDES FOR FOLLOWING:............................................................................106

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN..............................................................................................................108

MID DAY MEAL SCHEME................................................................................................................117

MAHILA SAMAKHYA.......................................................................................................................119

SECONDARY EDUCATION...............................................................................................................120

RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (RMSA)....................................................................122

HIGHER EDUCATION.......................................................................................................................124

CHAPTER – 8 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA...............................................................127

SKILL DEVELOPMENT......................................................................................................................127

NATIONAL POLICY ON SKILL DEVELOPMENT, 2009........................................................................129


www.brainyias.comISSUES RELATING TO POVERTY AND HUNGER................................................................................130

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POVERTY & HUNGER.................................................................................131

RELATION BETWEEN POVERTY & HUNGER....................................................................................132

CAN VICIOUS CYCLE OF POVERTY BE BROKEN?..............................................................................132

THE DYNAMICS & EXTENT OF HUNGER..........................................................................................134

CAN VICIOUS CYCLE OF HUNGER & POVERTY BE BROKEN?...........................................................136

POVERTY AND HUNGER IN INDIA...................................................................................................137

STRATEGIES FOR ELIMINATING HUNGER: ECONOMIC GROWTH VIS A VIS....................................138

ECONOMIC GROWTH VIS A VIS PUBLIC SUPPORT LED STRATEGY: EXPERIENCE............................138

GROWTH MEDIATED STRATEGY: THE CASE OF SOUTH KOREA......................................................139

OPULENCE AND PUBLIC PROVISIONING: THE CASE OF KUWAIT....................................................141

SRI LANKA: SUPPORT LED STRATEGY DESPITE POVERTY................................................................142

CHINA: PRE-REFORM VIS-A-VIS POST REFORM PHASE...................................................................143

KERALA: CASE OF REMARKABLE PERFORMANCE WITHIN INDIA....................................................144

NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY ACT, 2013...........................................................................................145

CHAPTER – 9 GOVERNANCE: MEANING & IMPORTANT ASPECTS......................................................148

MEANING OF GOVERNANCE..........................................................................................................148

GOOD GOVERNANCE & CITIZEN CENTRIC ADMINISTRATION.........................................................148

CITIZENS' PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNANCE...................................................................................150

ACCOUNTABILITY IN GOVERNANCE...............................................................................................152

CHAPTER -10 CITIZENS' CHARTERS.....................................................................................................156

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................156

CITIZENS' CHARTERS: EVOLUTION..................................................................................................156

THE CHARTER MARK SCHEME........................................................................................................157

THE BERNARD HERDAN REPORT TO REVIEW THE CHARTER MARK SCHEME.................................158

DELIVERY OF PROMISED OUTCOMES AND HANDLING PROBLEMS EFFECTIVELY;..........................158

GENERAL DEFICIENCIES OF VARIOUS CITIZENS' CHARTERS............................................................159

SUGGESTIONS FOR MAKING CITIZENS' CHARTERS EFFECTIVE.......................................................161

CHAPTER -11 RIGHT TO INFORMATION.............................................................................................164

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................164

CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT IN INDIA.....................................166

CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................167

CHAPTER – 12 SOCIAL AUDIT.............................................................................................................168

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................168

DEFINITION OF SOCIAL AUDIT........................................................................................................168


www.brainyias.comPERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL AUDIT IN INDIA...................................................................................168

CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................170

CHAPTER —13 E-Governance.............................................................................................................172

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................172

DEFINITION OF E-GOVERNANCE....................................................................................................172

VARIOUS STAGES IN E-GOVERNANCE............................................................................................173

TYPES OF INTERACTIONS FACILITATED BY E-GOVERNANCE...........................................................174

Advantages of e-Governance.........................................................................................................175

E-Government Readiness Index.....................................................................................................176

"GOVERNANCE" AND NOT "E" AS THE AIM OF E-GOVERNANCE....................................................177

REASONS OF FAILURE OF E-GOVERNANCE PROJECTS....................................................................177

E-GOVERNANCE: THE INDIAN CASE................................................................................................178

CHAPTER-14 ROLE OF BUREAUCRACY IN DEMOCRACY......................................................................180

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................180

BUREAUCRACY: ROLE AND WORKING............................................................................................180

BUREAUCRACY AND DEMOCRACY.................................................................................................181

BUREAUCRACY AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT.............................................................................182

CONCLUSION:.................................................................................................................................183


www.brainyias.com

Security issues

ContentsCHAPTER – 1 LINKAGE BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF EXTREMISM.................................5

INTRODUCTION:...............................................................................................................................5

LINKAGES BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND LEFT WING EXTREMISM.................................................5

CURRENT SITUATION (January 2015):............................................................................................13

EXTREMISM IN NORTH EAST:.........................................................................................................14

RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM AND ETHNIC CONFLICTS:..............................................................15

CHAPTER – 2 INDIA'S INTERNAL SECURITY CHALLENGES....................................................................18

INTRODUCTION:.............................................................................................................................18

INDIA's INTERNAL SECURITY PROBLEMS:.......................................................................................18

STRUCTURAL RESPONSE:................................................................................................................19

CHAPTER – 3 ROLE OF STATE AND NON-STATE ACTORS IN CREATING CHALLENGES TO INTERNAL SECURITY............................................................................................................................................21

STATE AND NON-STATE ACTORS....................................................................................................21

CHALLENGES TO INDIA'S INTERNAL SECURITY:...............................................................................22

SEA ROUTES....................................................................................................................................30

AIR ROUTES....................................................................................................................................30

CHAPTER – 4 CHALLENGES TO INTERNAL SECURITY THROUGH COMMUNICATION NETWORKS.......31

INTRODUCTION:.............................................................................................................................31

KEY REASONS OF CONCERN:...........................................................................................................32

USE OF COMMUNICATION NETWORKS:.........................................................................................32

CYBER ATTACKS..............................................................................................................................35

CHAPTER – 5.......................................................................................................................................36

ROLE OF MEDIA AND SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN INTERNAL SECURITY CHALLENGES..................36

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................36

ROLE OF MEDIA:.............................................................................................................................37

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL MEDIA:............................................................................................39

CHAPTER -.6 BASICS OF CYBER SECURITY...........................................................................................42

INTRODUCTION:.............................................................................................................................42

CYBER CRIME:.................................................................................................................................43

CYBER ATTACK:...............................................................................................................................44


www.brainyias.comCYBER WAR:....................................................................................................................................44

CYBER TERRORISM..........................................................................................................................45

INDIAN EXPERIENCE ON CYBER SECURITY:.....................................................................................46

STUXNET: CYBER WARFARE AGAINST IRANIAN NUCLEAR PLANTS.................................................50

CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................52

CHAPTER - 7 MONEY LAUNDERING AND ITS PREVENTION.................................................................55

INDIAN'S VULNERABILITY TO MONEY LAUNDERING — REASONS..................................................56

MONEY LAUNDERING PROCESS......................................................................................................56

PREVENTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING..........................................................................................57

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND CONVENTIONS:................................................................58

CHAPTER - 8........................................................................................................................................64

SECURITY CHALLENGES AND THEIR MANAGAMENT IN BORDER AREAS............................................64

SECURITY CHALLENGES IN BORDER AREAS.....................................................................................65

BORDER MANAGEMENT:................................................................................................................65

COASTAL SECURITY.........................................................................................................................69

CHAPTER - 9 LINKAGES OF ORGANIZED CRIME WITH TERRORISM.....................................................70

ORGANISED CRIME.........................................................................................................................70

EMERGING TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIMES........................................................................71

ORGANIZED CRIME AND TERRORISM.............................................................................................74

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TERRORISM AND ORGANISED CRIMES......................................................76

ORGANISED CRIME – TERROR CONTINUUM:.................................................................................76

INDIA — LINKAGE BETWEEN ORGANIZED CRIME AND TERRORISM:..............................................80

CHAPTER - 10......................................................................................................................................83

VARIOUS SECURITY FORCES AND AGENCIES AND THEIR MANDATE...................................................83

INDIAN PARAMILITARY FORCES:.....................................................................................................85

CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AND INVESTIGATION AGENCIES:.............................................................90

CENTRAL FORENSIC INSTITUTIONS:................................................................................................94

OTHER INSTITUTIONS:....................................................................................................................94

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL ON................................................................................................................98

SECURITY ISSUES................................................................................................................................98

WHITE PAPER ON BLACK MONEY...................................................................................................98

Money Laundering - Some Measures To Prevent It......................................................................101

NAXALISM: THE BIGGEST THREAT TO INDIA.................................................................................106

ORGANIZED CRIME IN INDIA.........................................................................................................111

Central Bureau of Investigation....................................................................................................124


www.brainyias.comRAW: India's External Intelligence Agency....................................................................................127


www.brainyias.com

Social issues

ContentsCHAPTER -1 SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN SOCIETY & DIVERSITY OF INDIA...........................................2

SOCIO ECONOMIC FEATURE OF INDIAN VILLAGE:................................................................................9

CONCEPT OF VILLAGE REPUBLIC..........................................................................................................9

JOINT FAMILY IN INDIA.......................................................................................................................17

CHANGING PATTERN OF FAMILY IN INDIA.........................................................................................18

KINSHIP IN INDIA................................................................................................................................25

FORMS OF DIVERSITY IN INDIA...........................................................................................................30

BONDS OF UNITY IN INDIA.................................................................................................................34

CHAPTER – 2...........................................................................................................................................38

ROLE OF WOMEN AND WOMEN'S ORGANIZATION, POPULATION AND ASSOCIATED ISSUES, POVERTY AND DEVELOPMENTAL ISSUES, URBANIZATION, THEIR PROBLEMS AND THEIR REMEDIES...................38

GENDER ROLE STEREOTYPING AND WOMEN'S ISSUES......................................................................38

PATRIARCHY, ENTITLEMENTS AND SEXUAL DIVISION OF LABOUR.....................................................39

CONTEMPORARY WOMEN'S ISSUES: HEALTH AND LEGAL ASPECTS..................................................43

MARRIAGE, DOWRY AND DIVORCE....................................................................................................47

CRIME AGAINST WOMEN...................................................................................................................51

PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW..................................................................52

WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONS:..............................................................................................................54

POPULATION AND ASSOCIATED ISSUES.............................................................................................58

ISSUES REGARDING BIRTH, DEATH AND MIGRATION:........................................................................62

AGE STRUCTURE OF THE INDIAN POPULATION..................................................................................64

POPULATION POLICY AND FAMILY PLANNING...................................................................................67

PROBLEMS OF AGED IN INDIA:...........................................................................................................74

GOVERNMENT'S ROLE IN THE REHABILITATION OF AGED:................................................................79

SEX RATIO IN INDIA............................................................................................................................82

POVERTY AND DEVELOPMENTAL ISSUE.............................................................................................91

URBANIZATION, THEIR PROBLEMS AND REMEDIES...........................................................................97

CHAPTER - 3 EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION IN INDIAN SOCIETY............................................................113

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON INDIA:........................................................................113

PRIVATISATION IN INDIA..................................................................................................................116


www.brainyias.comEFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON GOVERNMENT POLICY TOWARDS FOREIGN CAPITAL:...................119

POLITICAL IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION:..........................................................................................131

CHAPTER - 4 SOCIAL EMPOWERMENT, REGIONALISM & SECULARISM...............................................138

EDUCATION:.....................................................................................................................................141

REGIONALISM...................................................................................................................................143

SECULARISM.....................................................................................................................................149

CHAPTER-1 SAMPLE QUESTION-ANSWERS..........................................................................................152


www.brainyias.com

World history

ContentsRenaissance.................................................................................................................................................5

Introduction of Renaissance....................................................................................................................5

Factors Aiding the Flowering of Renaissance...........................................................................................5

Prominent Thinkers...............................................................................................................................12

Impact of Renaissance on Other Countries...........................................................................................16

The American Revolution..........................................................................................................................18

Introduction of the American Revolution..............................................................................................18

Causes of American Revolution.............................................................................................................18

Important Events in American Revolution.............................................................................................19

Impacts of American Revolution............................................................................................................20

Significance of American Revolution.....................................................................................................21

French Revolution.....................................................................................................................................23

Causes of French Revolution.................................................................................................................23

The Explosive Summer of 1789..............................................................................................................26

The First Phase of Revolution................................................................................................................28

The French Revolution-Influence of Philosophy....................................................................................33

Influence of the American Revolution on the French Revolution..........................................................35

Significance of the French Revolution...................................................................................................38

Industrial Revolution.................................................................................................................................40

Introduction of Industrial Revolution....................................................................................................40

Causes of the Scientific and Technological Revolution..........................................................................40

Causes of English Industrial Revolution.................................................................................................42

Impacts of English Industrial Revolution on Society..............................................................................43

Unification of Italy and Germany...............................................................................................................46

Unification of Italy.................................................................................................................................46

Unification of Germany.........................................................................................................................60

Comparison Between Italian and German Unification..........................................................................69

Imperialism and Colonialism.....................................................................................................................72

Meaning and Nature of Imperialism and Colonialism............................................................................72


www.brainyias.comColonisation and Decolonisation...........................................................................................................76

The British Empire : The Largest Empire in History................................................................................79

Decolonisation.......................................................................................................................................82

Russian Revolution....................................................................................................................................85

Background of the Russian Revolution..................................................................................................85

World War I...........................................................................................................................................86

Lenin and the Bolsheviks.......................................................................................................................91

End to the War......................................................................................................................................98

Russian Revolution................................................................................................................................99

World War I.............................................................................................................................................101

Causes of World War I.........................................................................................................................101

Crisis Preceding the World War I.........................................................................................................105

Role of Germany In World War I..........................................................................................................108

Political Implications of the World War I.............................................................................................109

The Fourteen Points of Wilson............................................................................................................119

World War II............................................................................................................................................121

Introduction of the World War II.........................................................................................................121

Causes of the World War II..................................................................................................................121

Hitler's/Germany's Responsibility for World War II.............................................................................127

Impact of the World War II..................................................................................................................129

Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)...........................................................................................................133

Political Philosophies in Modern World...................................................................................................135

Capitalism............................................................................................................................................135

Communism........................................................................................................................................142

Socialism..............................................................................................................................................145

Nazism and Fascism.............................................................................................................................152

Liberation from Colonial Rule..................................................................................................................157

The End of European Empires.............................................................................................................157

Problems in Latin America and Africa..................................................................................................161

Post War Foundations: NATO and European Community.......................................................................165

NATO...................................................................................................................................................165

European Community..........................................................................................................................167

European Union...................................................................................................................................169

Fall of the Soviet Union and USA's Domination.......................................................................................173

Disintegration of the Soviet Union......................................................................................................173


www.brainyias.comFactors Responsible for the Disintegration of the Soviet Union..........................................................174

Cold War..............................................................................................................................................179

End of Stalin Era...................................................................................................................................181

Disarmament Pacts Between USA and USSR.......................................................................................184

Socio-Economic Impact of the Cold War.............................................................................................185

Current History- from the Afghan Civil War to Arab Uprising..............................................................186


index of all the subjects - web viewindian's vulnerability to money laundering —...

Documents