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CMYK

CMYKMagazine Bleed Ad: INDIA-TANZANIA IN FOCUS,Size: A4( 8-25” X 11.75”)- Full Bleed Area: 8.50” X 12.00” Inches

Published by: Krest Publications in New Delhi in association with High Commission

of India in Dare es Salaam

High Commissionof India82, Kinondoni Road, Dar es Salaam. Postal: P.O.Box 2684, Dar es Salaam

Tel: (255-22) PABX: 266-9040/1Fax: 266-9043/9050

Email: [email protected]

Krest PublicationsB-7/107 A, Ground Floor, Safdarjung Enclave

Extension, New Delhi-110029, IndiaTel. : 91-11-4653 9323 • Fax : 91-11-4610 5603

Email: [email protected]

Disclaimer: 'India-Tanzania in Focus' is a special publication. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the position of the Embassy of India, Dare es Salaam or the Government of India. The magazine has no commercial value and is not for sale. It is for private circulation only.

Printing: Rave India

Cover Photo: Two Monuments - Mwalimu Julius K.Nyerere, President of Tanzania, at Taj Mahal, Agra, during a State visit to India, 22-27 January 1971

Contents

High Commissioner's Foreword ..............................................................................................................4

India-Tanzania: A Photo Journey ............................................................................................................5

Tanzanian Prime Minister’s Working Visit to India .....................................................................................8

India-Africa Trade to Reach US $70 Billion by 2015 ..................................................................................9

Visiting Tanzanian Ministers Quote Unquote ..........................................................................................12

Reliance Chairman Mukesh Ambani Holidays in Tanzania ........................................................................14

FICCI in Tanzania : Treading the Unbeaten Path ....................................................................................16

A First Person Account of An ITEC Trainee from Tanzania .......................................................................18

Interview with MD - Airtel Tanzania ......................................................................................................20

Tanzania's Natural Beauty Through an Indian Lense ...............................................................................22

Antimicrobial Resistance - No Action Today, No Cure Tomorrow ..............................................................24

Emergence of India as a Preferred Investment Destination .....................................................................26

"The Rural Transformation Experienced by India is a Real Lesson for Tanzanians" - Josephine Joseph Minde ..........................................................................30

Pan Africa e-network Brings Indian Knowledge into Africa ......................................................................32

4INDIA-TANzANIA in Focus

India attaches great importance to the bilateral ties with Tanzania. The two countries have traditionally enjoyed quite close, friendly and productive relationship. We need to continue the tradition of multi-faceted interaction, which we believe would contribute in energizing the present linkages and transforming

them into a dynamic and modern partnership. India applauds the efforts being made by the people and the leaders of Tanzania to consolidate and deepen the tradition of a vibrant, liberal and inclusive democratic governance and is happy to see Tanzanian economy growing at a healthy rate.

Tanzania, like India, represents one of the fastest growing economies in a democratic framework, thus serving as a model for others. Present Tanzanian Government emphasizes on empowerment of common people through development of agriculture, small scale industries and livestock development; India would like to be Tanzania’s partner in taking forward this agenda.

Today India is Tanzania’s largest trading partner. The two way trade annually over US $ one billion annually. While the balance of trade is in favour of India, I am happy to inform you that India is the largest buyer of Tanzania’s agricultural products, which makes up almost one-third of the trade.

I am confident that in the future this quantum is bound to increase with more and more Tanzanian traders making use of the special duty exemptions that have been given to agricultural products. The acquisition of Zain Telecom by India’s Bharti Group and the first private sector Export Processing Zone in Bagamoyo by M/s. Kamal Industries Ltd. will no doubt expand the Indian footprint in Tanzania.

The visit of the Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh to Tanzania in May, 2011 is a historic step that focuses on India – Tanzania bilateral relations at the highest levels after a long gap. I am confident that this will give a dynamic thrust to the multifaceted ties between the two countries.

High Commissioner of India

India: Tanzania's Largest Trading Partner

High Commissioner's Desk

India-Tanzania: A Photo Journey

1. Two Monuments - Mwalimu Julius K.Nyerere, President of Tanzania, at Taj Mahal, Agra, during a State visit to India, 22-27 January 19712. 'Karibu Sana' - Aboud Jumbe, President of Zanzibar, on arrival at New Delhi for a visit, 16-24 April 1977, being welcomed by Morarji Desai,

Prime Minister of India; also seen are Rashid Kawawa, Prime Minister of Tanzania, and Atal Behari Vajpayee, External Affairs Minister of India (later Prime Minister).

3. Laughing Together - Aboud Jumbe, at New Delhi, during a visit to India, 2-9 April 1978, with Atal Behari Vajpayee4. Tell us the Joke - Julius Nyerere, with Neelam Sanjiv Reddy, Indira Gandhi, and Balram Jakhar, then Minister of Agriculture, New Delhi,

during a Visit to India, 30 March-3 April 1981.5. Swagatam - Julius Nyerere, along with Maria Nyerere, First Lady of Tanzania, and Dr.Salim Ahmed Salim, then Foreign Minister of

Tanzania, being received on arrival at New Delhi Airport, for a visit, 30 March-3 April 1981, by Neelam Sanjiv Reddy, President of India, Mrs.Sanjiv Reddy, and Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India

6. Homage to a Great Soul - Julius Nyerere at the Mahatma Gandhi Memorial (Rajghat), New Delhi, 30 March 1981, with Salim Ahmed Salim

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1. We are a Family - Julius Nyerere and Mama Nyerere with Indira Gandhi at her home, New Delhi, 31 March 1981; also seen are Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi, and Maneka Gandhi

2. Long Live the Friendship - Julius Nyerere with Indira Gandhi, at a dinner hosted by her, New Delhi, 22 February 1982; also seen are Salim Ahmed Salim, and P.V. Narsimha Rao, then External Affairs Minister of India (later Prime Minister)

3. 'This is The Way' - Julius Nyerere with Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India, and K.Natvar Singh, then Minister of State for External Affairs of India, New Delhi, during a visit, 24-28 August 1985.

4. Toast to Friendship - R.Venkataraman, President of India, and Mrs.Venkataraman, at a banquet hosted by Ali Hassan Mwinyi, President of Tanzania, and Mrs.Mwinyi, at the State House, Dar es Salaam, during a visit, 10-12 June 1989

5. Angel of Love - Nobel-Laureate Mother Teresa of India, on arrival at Dar es Salaam Airport for a visit to Tanzania, with Hardev Bhalla, High Commissioner of India, 26 November 1989

6. 'Next Question Please' - Inder Kumar Gujral, Prime Minister of India, during a visit to Tanzania, 18-20 September 1997, with his host, Benjamin William Mkapa, President of Tanzania, at a press conference at the State House, Dar es Salaam

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1. Lighting the Lamp of Cooperation- Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, Foreign Minister of Tanzania, opening the 'Made in India Show' in traditional Indian way, Diamond Jubilee Hall, Dar es Salaam, August 1999; also seen is Ram Jethmalani, then Law Minister of India

2. Heads Together - A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, President of India, welcoming Benjamin W. Mkapa, President of Tanzania, at Rashtrapathi Bhawan for the talks; also seen are (from L to R) M.K. Lokesh, Joint Secretary (Africa), Ministry of External Affairs, Dinesh K. Jain, High Commissioner of India, and Digvijay Singh, Minister of State for External Affairs of India & Minister-in-Waiting, 16 December 2002

3. Joint Commission-Joint Cooperation – Yashwant Sinha and Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete at the 6th Meeting of bilateral Joint Commission, Dar es Salaam, 27 April 2003; at left is Pius Yasebasi Ng’wandu, Minister for Science, Technology and Higher Education of Tanzania

4. President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam with President of Zanzibar, President Amani Abeid Karume on September 12, 20045. The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh meeting with the President of Tanzania, Mr. Jakaya Kikwete, in New Delhi on April 07, 20086. India Africa Forum Summit, April 8,2008, New Delhi. President Jakaya Kikwete, Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh, co-Chairpersons

of the Summit and Prof. Alpha Oumar Konare, Chairperson, African Union Commission, at the inauguration of the Summit in Vigyan Bhavan

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The Prime Minister of Tanzania, Right Hon. Mizengo K. Pinda meeting the Vice President, H.E. Mr. Mohammad Hamid Ansari, in New Delhi on September 15, 2009

Tanzanian Prime Minister’s Working Visit to India

The Prime Minister of the United Republic of Tanzania, Right Hon. Mizengo K. Pinda paid a working visit to India in September 2009. During the four-day visit issues of bilateral interest between India and Tanzania including agriculture were discussed to further strengthen the growing relationship.

Prime Minister Right Hon. Pinda, accompanied by his spouse Madame Tunu Pinda and senior ministers and officials held talks at various levels.

External Affairs Minister of India, Mr. S.M. Krishna held a delegation-level talks with Tanzanian Prime Minister on a wide range of bilateral and global issues. The visiting Tanzanian Prime Minister also called on the Vice President of India, Mr. Mohammad Hamid Ansari and held talks on wide ranging issues.

The center of the discussion was on agricultural cooperation and food security. While in New Delhi, the Prime Minister also visited the Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR), the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource (NBPGR), the National Agricultural Science Museum (NASM) Pusa, and the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Pusa.

Further, Right Hon. Pinda visited the state of Gujarat from where 40,000 Indians are settled in Tanzania. While in Ahmedabad he held talks with the Chief Minister Mr. Narendra Modi before visiting Kaira District Milk Producers Union Ltd, Gujarat Cooperative Milk Federation Ltd, Gujarat State Fertilizer Company and Gujarat Green Revolution Company (Micro Irrigation Scheme).

Inspired by the success of India’s “Green” and “White” revolutions, the Prime Minister expressed Tanzania’s desire to emulate similar models, and underlined the need to extend cooperation between India and Tanzania in the agriculture and cooperative sectors. He further invited Indian private companies to Tanzania to invest in the agriculture field.

The Prime Minister of the United Republic of Tanzania, Right Hon. Mizengo K. Pinda informed India that his country is

focusing on agriculture and New Delhi can play an important role

Phot

o : P

IB

Bilateral Ties

9 INDIA-TANzANIA in Focus

India-Africa Trade to Reach US $70 Billion by 2015

By Nayanima Basu, Business Standard

This summer it is destination Africa for India Inc. Political leaders, industrialists and

businessmen are increasingly looking to tap the resource-rich countries of the world’s second largest continent even as two-way trade between India and Africa is poised to reach US $70 billion by 2015 from $46 billion at present.

Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh would be leading a high-powered delegation to Africa, starting May 23. He would visit Ethiopia and Tanzania in an effort to take the Indo-African

relationship to the next level by forging greater trade and investment ties.

Tanzania was the co-chair of the first India-Africa Forum Summit, held in Delhi in April 2008. The second summit is scheduled to take place in Ethiopia, which is the seat of the 53-nation African Union.

Prior to the PM’s visit, Minister of Commerce and Industry, Mr. Anand Sharma would be inaugurating an ‘India Show’ in Addis Ababa on May 20 followed by a meeting of all the African trade ministers and a CEOs' conclave to

enhance the partnership between India and Africa. Minister Sharma would also meet Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi for strengthening bilateral trade and investment ties between both the countries.

During his two-day visit, Sharma is also expected to discuss the issue of accessing Indian markets by the African countries, including implementation of Duty Free Tariff Preferences Scheme (DFTP) for the least developed countries, which mainly provides reduction of duties on 85 per cent of India's tariff lines.

2886

.85

1441

.67

1418

.98

1308

.36

774.0

8

542.1

3

442.3

1

410.6

375.1

9

324

304.5

8

201.4

1

196.5

9

183.6

4

174.3

7

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

SOUTH

AFR

ICA

KENYA

EGYP

T

NIGER

IA

TANZA

NIA

ALGER

IA

MAU

RITIUS

ANGOLA

MOZA

MBIQUE

GHAN

A

SUDA

N

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OUTI

TUNISIA

MORO

CCO

ETHIOPIA

Exports from India

Source: FICCI (Value in $ million)

TRADE FIGURES FOR APRIL-NOVEMBER 2010

South-South Cooperation


India is also expected to offer technical help to the African countries in the Doha round of global trade talks and in areas of dispute settlement under World Trade Organisation (WTO).

“India is interested in Africa not just because of its resources, it is also actively participating in the economic development of Africa. We are focusing on promoting trade, investments, health and education. There are lots of opportunities for collaboration between Indian and African businesses to grow. Trade between India and Africa has grown by more than 400 per cent in the past five years and is expected to

grow at a rapid pace, as there is a large area of existing cooperation. Tatas were the first ones from India to foray into the African continent way back in the 1970s. Besides, India's relationship with Africa goes long back with great historical ties,” said Syamal Gupta, special adviser to Tata International and chairman, Africa Council, Confederation of Indian Industry (CII).

India’s investments in Africa is estimated to be over US $50 billion with vast potential of it rising further in sectors such as in infrastructure, power, agriculture, food processing and packaging, engineering and other sectors.

The value of India’s total trade with the top 15 partner countries in Africa has a share of more than 90 per cent of the total trade in that continent. Among these 15 countries, Nigeria and South Africa have the lion's share of 25.53 per cent and 21.91 per cent, respectively, according to a study by Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

Private sector investments by Indian firms into Africa are estimated to be US $5 billion, excluding the $10.7 billion Bharti Airtel-Zain deal. About 245 Indian firms have investment linkages with Africa. On the other hand, African investments to India is estimated to be $170 million cumulatively from 2000 to 2010. Some of the top investors are South Africa ($ 110 million), Morocco ($21 million), Kenya ($19 million), Seychelles ($17 million), Nigeria ($7 million), Tunisia ($ 4 million) and Ghana ($ 3million), according to CII.

Prime Minister Dr. Singh has already announced $5 billion line of credit to Africa, which has

MAJOR M&A DEALS AND PROJECTS BY INDIAN OUTWARD INVESTING FIRMS, DURING 2007-2009

Year Investing company/acquiring company Sector Host economy

Estimated/announced value

(in $ million)

M&A/Greenfield investment

2007 Reliance Industries Chemicals Egypt 1,000 Greenfield investment

2008 Era Group Coal, oil & natural gas zambia 1,800 Greenfield

investment

2009 Essar Group Telecom Uganda/Congo 200

M&A with Warid Telecom (Uganda/Congo ops) Acquired

51% share

2009 Essar Group Coal, oil & natural gas Kenya 1,701 Greenfield

investment

2009 Sanghi Coal, oil & natural gas Kenya 749 Greenfield

investmentSource: FICCI

African investments to India is estimated to be $170 million cumulatively from

2000 to 2010. Some of the top investors are South Africa ($ 110 million), Morocco

($21 million), Kenya ($19 million), Seychelles ($17 million), Nigeria ($7

million), Tunisia ($ 4 million) and Ghana ($ 3million), according to CII



a gross domestic product (GDP) of around $1.6 trillion. Africa is home to 90 per cent of world’s cobalt, 50 per cent gold, 98 per cent chromium, 70 per cent tantalite, 64 per cent manganese and 34 per cent uranium. At present, 11 African countries are amongst the top 10 global resource countries in at least one major mineral.

“The po l i t i ca l l eade r sh ip should emphasise on creating a platform to enable business leaders of both sides to interact further in identifying the next level of opportunities of mutual interest, while incorporating business-friendly policies by their own governments,” said B. Muthuraman, Chairman, Tata International Ltd.

India and the South African Customs Union (SACU) is currently engaged in having a preferential trade agreement. SACU consists of Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland. In January this year, Minister Sharma held a bilateral meeting with his South African counterpart Rob Davies to scale up bilateral trade to $15 billion by 2014 from $10 billion at present.

Indian diaspora in Africa is the second largest in the world. With 2.8 million Persons of Indian Origin (PIO), South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda account for the largest share.

Indian conglomerates, both in the public as well in the private sector, have considerable presence in some large African countries with huge investments. These include Tata Group, Coal India, Reliance Industries, BHEL, Essar, Mahindra, Bharti Airtel, Kirloskar and Dr. Reddy’s.

“It is one continent where we have tremendous opportunity. Our business in Africa has grown in excess of Rs 100 crore today from

Rs 40-50 crore eight years back. We are present in 17 countries and almost 30 per cent of our export revenue comes from the African markets,” said P. K. Uppal, Executive Director (International Operations Division), BHEL.

BHEL has around 17-20 ongoing projects in Africa across eight to nine countries, employing 3,000 people that includes Indians as well as locals.

Tata Africa Holdings has a strong presence in over 10 African countries, with investments exceeding $100 million. The group operates in major industrial

business," said Amit Agarwal, head of business planning and development, Essar Steel.

India's leading telecom operator, Bharti Airtel, is present in 16 African countries with 40 million customers. It is targeting to achieve 100 million by 2013.

Coal India is eyeing exploration opportunities in Africa. It has already identified three blocks in Mozambique while it is scouting for more in South Africa and Malawi.

However, Indian firms face some challenges in doing business

sectors such as information systems, engineering services, materials, consumer products and chemicals. Some of their major subsidiaries are Tata Zambia, Tata Holdings Mozambique, Tata Holdings Tanzania and Tata Ghana.

Similarly, Essar Group's 100 per cent subsidiary, Essar Africa Holdings Ltd, is involved in oil and gas assets in Nigeria, Kenya and Madagascar, telecom assets in East Africa, BPO operations in South Africa and coal concessions in Mozambique. It has received official notification from Government of Zimbabwe fro its selection as the preferred bidder for revival of Zimbabwe Iron and Steel Company.

"Africa with a population of over a billion is an emerging market, offering great potential for growth. It is endowed with abundant natural resources which makes it a great destination for

there. This relates to infrastructure bottlenecks, unskilled manpower, delay in grant of work visas and an unstable labour policy.

Despite impressive growth, the Indo-Africa economic relationship is much smaller compared to the scale of Chinese and European presence. During the period 2000-2008, China's total trade with Africa increased from $10.5 billion to $100 billion in 2009, whereas India's total trade rose from $7 billion in 20001-01 to $36 billion in 2008-09, according to a research note by FICCI.

According to the IMF's projections, economic activity in sub-Saharan Africa is projected to expand by 5.5 percent in 2011. It also said domestic demand was expected to remain strong on the basis of rising real incomes and sustained private and public investments.

Source : Business Standard, May 19, 2011, New Delhi

However, Indian firms face some challenges in doing business there. This

relates to infrastructure bottlenecks, unskilled manpower, delay in grant of

work visas and an unstable labour policy.



* * *Tanzania, East Africa's economic

powerhouse, invites India to invest in Uranium mining and underlined

that India is a 'special friend' it turns to for advice and capacity building. 'Uranium was discovered recently. Uranium mining is a relatively new

area. We need good friends like India to invest in this area Tanzania's

Prime Minister, Mr. Mizengo K. Pinda told a group of Indian journalists who visited Tanzania

recently. India is a real friend, it gives us a great deal of comfort to

work with India, PM Pinda added.

* * *

Visiting Tanzanian Ministers Quote Unquote

* * *

Tanzania’s Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Mr. Mahadhi Juma Mahadhi said in his speech at the reception

hosted by the Indian High Commissioner, H.E. Mr. K.V. Bhagirath, I would like to acknowledge the invaluable contributions made by the Indian

companies and nationals who have invested in various sectors of the economy such as agriculture, textiles, agro-based industries, manufacturing, health

etc. Such investment has created employment to a considerable number of Tanzanians. Allow me at this juncture to express my Government’s gratitude to the Government of India for the technical and financial assistance towards Tanzania’s Agricultural Initiatives of KILIMO KWANzA the Minister added.

* * *

* * *Dr. Mary Nagu Minister for

Industry, Trade & Marketing Acknowledged the role of

private sector as engine of growth of the nation and as the driver of economic relation between India

and Tanzania. She called upon the delegations to create partnerships to reduce the gap in the bilateral

trade and use Tanzania as a gateway to the five EAC countries.

We need India to transform our product from raw material to

processed goods

* * *

Bilateral Ties

* * * The Minister of Natural

Resources and Tourism of

Tanzania, Mr. Shamsa S MwangungaTanzania enjoys a

rich cultural bondage with India and this

bonding will go further if both the countries

exchanged ideas and policies to promote

tourism in each other’s country.

* * *

* * * Ambassador Eng.

John W.H. Kijazi, High Commissioner of

Tanzania I am expecting a huge

shift within a year or so of these activities. I am hoping to see at least

100,000 Indian travellers coming to Tanzania in two years time," "We are looking at good

investments coming in from India. Our competitive advantage in comparison to other African nations is that we have a stable

socio-political environment. Tanzanian authorities

will provide five-year tax holiday to investors from India wanting to invest in Tanzania. There is also a Tanzanian investment set-up which will provide

all necessary clarifications and details about investing

in Tanzania

* * *

* * * Tanzania's Industry and Trade

Minister Dr. Cyril Chami Tanzania will start receiving investors from

India. Investment from India is meant to promote Tanzania in the technology sector and we have been cooperating with India for a long time. As a

matter of fact, no one can talk of the development of the Small Industries Development Organization (SIDO) in Tanzania without mentioning India.

* * *

We wish strong Relationship between Tanzania and India

For more details please contact us at

Bank of India (Tanzania) Ltd.Maktaba street, P.O. Box 7581, Dar es salaam, Tanzania.

Tel: Branch +255 22 2135366/68/69Chief Manager: +255 22 2135358Managing Director: +255 22 2135362Fax: +255 22 2136363Email: [email protected]

Our vision is to become Bank of choicefor corporate, medium business and upmarket retail customers of tanzania

Relationship beyond banking

Bank of India (Tanzania) Ltd.

Bilateral Ties


Reliance Chairman Mukesh Ambani Holidays in Tanzania

By Pascal Shelutete

One of the world's richest man, Mr. Mukesh Ambani visited Serengeri National

Park recently and described it as a "gift of God" and promised to bring more investors in the tourism sector from abroad.

"The magnificent expanse of the Serengeti is the gift of God and citizens of the world should preserve it," he said at the end of his three day's products offered by the Park.

Mr. Ambani, the leader of Reliance Group of Companies said that he

present and future generations," he said after a brief meeting with the Natural Resources and Tourism Minister, Hon. Ezekiel Maige (MP). He is looking into the possibility of propping up investments in the tourism and hospitality sector in Tanzania given the country's potential as a prime tourist destination in Africa.

A 35-member entourage that accompanied Mr. Ambani, one of the world's top 10 billionaires, apparently brought brisk business to the remotely-located but luxurious Bilila Lodge Kempiski on the northern part of the vast Park.

The Lodge Manager, Ms. Carine Wittwer, said the three days of which Mr. Ambani stayed, thirteen guest rooms including all its five presidential villas were fully occupied. The facility has a total of 62 rooms, 12 suites and five villas.

The lodge which targets mainly rich tourists from abroad could have raked in healthy profit for the four days he stayed. "We had no visitors for a long time. The visit of Mr. Ambani has been a boost to our business," remarked a lodge employee.

Mr. Ambani had discussion with the Minister at the lodge's lobby, overlooking the extended plains of Serengeti and later, he talked to journalists before flying to the Kilimanjaro International Airport (KIA) en route to India.

On his future investment plan in Tanzania, Mr. Ambani said the

Hon. Ezekiel Maige, Minister for Natural Resources and Tourism present a rhino carving to Mr. Mukesh Ambani, the leader of Reliance Group of companies in Serengeti

has passion with wildlife natural resources and was impressed by efforts being taken by Tanzania to conserve nature, citing the rich wildlife in Serengeti. He told reporters that the Serengeti was his favourite destination for the end-of-year holiday this time around because of its wildlife splendour since his last visit in the 1990s.

"I am highly impressed by efforts done to maintain the ecology. You must make sure that the park is protected for the benefit of the

Bilateral Ties


should be put to an end because it was damaging the country's outstanding efforts in wildlife conservation.

Speaking to reporters Minister Maige, said the tycoon's visit came at a time when Tanzania was rolling out the welcome mat for tourists from Asia, besides those from the traditional source in Western countries.

"We are now opening our doors to India, China and Japan. We want new investors for our tourism sector," he said, adding that the Indian billionaire has promised to assist Tanzania to re-establish direct flights to his home country. He described India as a fast emerging economic giant in the world. "We hope this visit will boost investments in our tourism industry" the Minister concluded.

Source: Tanapa Today, Jan.-March 2011

"We had no visitors for a long time. The visit of Mr. Ambani has been a

boost to our business."

Part of Bilila Kempinski Lodge where Ambani and his entourage spent their retreat

Swimming Pool at Bilila Kempinski Lodge, Serengeti National Park

Reliance Group of Companies has already invested in the country through Gapco Oil Company which arranged his visit.

One the poaching menace in Tanzania's protected areas, the Indian billionaire expressed concern saying the malpractice

Bilateral Ties


FICCI in Tanzania : Treading the Unbeaten Path

By Sheila Sudhakaran Asst. Secretary General (CIS, South, Central, West & East Africa)

Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Way back in 2000 it was FICCI (Federation of Indian Chamber

of Commerce and Industry), India’s leading chamber, which foresaw the tremendous potential of Indo-African business relations and promote Brand India in the African shores. Africa was not

Values in US $ Millions

S.No. \Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010

1. EXPORT 243.45 288.40 588.00 1,051.36 920.48

2. %Growth 18.46 103.88 78.80 -12.45

3. India's Total Export 103,090.53 126,414.05 163,132.18 185,295.36 178,751.43

4. %Growth 22.62 29.05 13.59 -3.53

5. %Share 0.24 0.23 0.36 0.57 0.51

6. IMPORT 119.76 99.17 166.38 190.59 238.05

7. %Growth -17.19 67.77 14.55 24.90

8. India's Total Import 149,165.73 185,735.24 251,654.01 303,696.31 288,372.88

9. %Growth 24.52 35.49 20.68 -5.05

10. %Share 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.08

11. TOTAL TRADE 363.21 387.57 754.38 1,241.95 1,158.53

12. %Growth 6.71 94.64 64.63 -6.72

13. India's Total Trade 252,256.26 312,149.29 414,786.19 488,991.67 467,124.31

14. %Growth 23.74 32.88 17.89 -4.47

15. %Share 0.14 0.12 0.18 0.25 0.25

16. TRADE BALANCE 123.69 189.23 421.63 860.76 682.44

17. India's Trade Balance -46,075.20 -59,321.19 -88,521.83 -118,400.95 -109,621.45

India-Tanzania Bilateral Trade

only a storehouse of minerals and natural resources, but also home to a large Indian community, who could provide capital, technology and manpower for joint ventures.

It was to develop synergies with counterpart Chambers of

Commerce, Industry Associations and private players in both countries that a dedicated Africa desk was set up. It has set up institutional mechanisms called Joint Business Councils (JBC) with counterpart apex chambers in different countries in Africa to facilitate business-to-business

Business Research


interaction on a regular basis. JBCs provide a variety of business facilitation services by closely working with Government and business promotion organisations in India and the respective partner countries.

FICCI has build up effective partnerships with Tanzania and have taken various initiatives to strengthen bilateral relationship. FICCI set up a Joint Business Council with Tanzania in 1999 with the Tanzanian chamber as its counterpart. Instead of restricting itself to export-import initiatives, it has widened its efforts to include Science, Technology and Education wiithin the ambit of bilateral relations. In June 2004, FICCI and the University Grants Commission (UGC) jointly organised India Education Fair in Tanzania. The event with representation from the top 18 universities attracted more than 5,000 visitors, who were informed about India as an alternative education hub for international students at a much cheaper cost than European or American destinations. H.E Dr Pius Yasebasi Ngwandu, the then Minister of Science, Technology and Higher Education of Tanzania was the Chief Guest at the event.

India and Tanzania have a vibrant business and commercial relationship, courtesy the large Indian community, who own many of the top business establishments

in that country. Tanzania has about 40,000 people of Indian origin. It is concentrated in the major urban centres of Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Dodoma, Morogoro,

Zanzibar, Mwanza and Mbeya. The vast major i ty is f rom Gujarat mainly from Kutch and Kathiawad. In addition, about 8,000 Indian nationals live and work in Tanzania, mainly in industry and services.

India is a leading trading partner of Tanzania as well as an important source of essential machinery and pharmaceutical products. India continues to be the largest source of Tanzania’s imports from India.

Tanzania’s major imports from India include mineral fuels, oils, iron & steel, pharmaceuticals, motor vehicles and auto parts, electrical machinery/ equipment, machinery/ appliances, plastic products including synthetic polymers, rubber items including tyres etc., cotton fabrics, apparel, clothing, cereals.

Major exports to India include vegetables, pulses, cashew nuts, raw cotton, gemstones, cloves & other spices, wood and articles thereof, tanning/dyeing extract.

India’s economic engagement with Tanzania has also increased from a cumulative of US$ 1.314 billion [1992-2009] and rank as the second biggest investor in Tanzania generating 32,000 employment.

FICCI has also showed the way in exploring new sectors like agri-business as it is considering to take a delegation to Tanzania in August for meeting with relevant ministries and private sector companies.

The objective is to promote cooperation between India and Tanzania in the agri-business sector with the help of counterpart Chambers, Investment Agencies and diplomatic missions in Tanzania. The major opportunities for investment in Agriculture and allied sectors are rice, corn, spices, coffee, vanilla, fishery and aquaculture. The other fields of cooperation may include processed fruits and vegetables, bio-diesel, textile, chemicals, agricultural equipment, fertilizer and seeds.

The issue of food security has assumed importance in India, which is home to 17 per cent of the world’s population, but has only two per cent of the world’s land resources. Shortage of land has adversely affected food production in the country and thus trans-national farming, highlighted by FICCI, will be the need of the hour. With lower input prices and availability of large tracts the production from farmlands in Tanzania can actually supplement the food supplies of India and provide a remedy for stagnant agricultural production while addressing local food security in the host country.

India’s economic engagement with Tanzania has also increased from a cumulative of US$ 1.314 billion

[1992-2009] and rank as the second biggest investor in Tanzania

generating 32,000 employment

FICCI has also showed the way in exploring new sectors like agri-business as it is

considering to take a delegation to

Tanzania in August

Business Research


“The Experience I Got and Shared While in India is Vital Especially for the Rural Tanzania Which is Isolated

from the National Grid”A Brief Article on the experience of Solar Energy Technology and Application Training from 18th October – 05th November 2010,

through ITEC Programme in Gurgaon, India

By Samuel I. Mgweno, Energy Engineer at Ministry of Energy and Minerals Energy Development, Tanzania

On behalf of the Ministry and Minerals of the United Republic of Tanzania, I

would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Solar Energy Centre (SEC) of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy of India. The Solar Energy Centre which is located in Gurgaon, India is a specialized unit with undoubted experience for development of solar energy technologies

such as Solar Thermal, Solar Photovoltaic and Energy Storage; and promotion of its applications through product development.

Through the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) and Special Commonwealth Assistance for Africa Programme (SCAAP), me and other delegates were selected to attend a three weeks training on Solar Energy

Technology and its applications at SEC, from October 18 to November 05, 2010.

Located in the tropical east Africa, Tanzania enjoys plenty of sunshine to the tune of 4.6 kWh/m2 per day to 6.24 kWh/ m2 per day with the lake zone and the south coast receiving the highest insulation ranging from 5.9 – 6.24 kWh/m2 per day. With the national access to electricity at around 14% and rural access at 2% solar energy technology and its application makes a lot of sense in scaling up rural energy access bearing in mind grid extension to rural areas is not financially attractive and technically difficult. It is reported that 80% of the Tanzanians, whose population is 42 million, lives in rural areas where energy is mostly generated from biomass where as the national average of energy consumption is 90% biomass. This poses a great threat to the forests and plantations as they are the source of wood and charcoal as fuel.

To scale up access to modern energy services and thereby protecting the environment, the

Indian Assistance


Ministry of Energy and Minerals of Tanzania is promoting Solar Energy Technologies through its agency known as Rural Energy Agency. Among the projects Tanzania is piloting and implementing under the ministry includes; Sustainable Solar Market Packages in Sumbawanga, Transformation of Rural Photovoltaic Market in the Lake Region and Solar Cluster Project in Rungwe, Mbeya.

As an Energy Engineer working at policy or strategic level, I find the training offered at SEC quite useful as it provides a linkage and support between promoting solar energy as a renewable energy source, and making it a practical success on the ground by witnessing how India has

explored, developed and made use of the sun.

Mode of delivery during the training at SEC was through lectures and presentations from energy consultancy firms and individuals, manufacturing firms, quality standards organisation, officials from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy of India; laboratory sessions and tours at various facilities applying the solar technologies such as Om Shanti Retreat Centre with a 200kW solar power plant, one among the largest in India hence making it a very attractive piece of engineering work.

The training at SEC was very useful as it addresses capacity building of young professionals

working in the solar technology field as well as enabling them to enhance knowledge and skills in best practices in application of solar energy. The experience I got and shared while in India is vital especially for the rural Tanzania which is isolated from the national grid. However, the challenge would be how to mobilize the rural population towards accessing and managing finances towards solar technology which has a very high upfront cost.

The ITEC program can be further improved through exchange programs and allotment of eligible candidates in participating countries so that field experience in planning and implementation of solar energy systems can be further strengthened.

Delegates and Officials who underwent ITEC trainee at the Solar Energy Centre (SEC) in Gurgaon in Delhi NCR region

Indian Assistance


"Bharti Airtel’s Entry to Africa and Tanzania was One of the Largest Foreign

Direct Investments in 2010"India-Tanzania in Focus magazine spoke with Mr. Sam Elangalloor, Managing Director of Airtel Tanzania on Airtel's recent entry into

the Tanzanian telecommunication sector

Business Interview

Airtel brand launch: Mr. Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, President of Tanzania together with Mr. Sam Elangalloor, Managing Director of Airtel Tanzania

solutions to help our customers achieve their goals in life and help develop Tanzanian communities through our education initiative.

How many locals are employed with Airtel Tanzania and what is your future target?

At the moment, we have a good number of employments in the country, over five hundred being permanent, over a thousand on temporary and more thousands being indirectly employed through our partners like IBM, Spanco and Techno Mahindra, our dealers and products distribution chains. Most importantly, we have ambitious targets to grow our customer base, as we do so, this will create more job opportunities at Airtel and with our business partners.

It is after 1997 that a Prime Ministerial visit is taking place from India to Tanzania. How do you view the visit of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh?

The visit is indicative of the Indian Government focus on forging partnerships with developing nations. Indian economic interests have crossed boundaries both, territorial and sectoral. This visit gives impetus and shows the mutual beneficial nature of investments such as Airtel.

What are some o f the milestones Bharti Airtel has achieved after acquiring Zain operations in Tanzania?

Following the acquisition, Airtel became much more than just a change of brand name. Looking at our values today, our brand promise is to meet the emerging needs of our customers with innovative and relevant solutions.

Our core value is to empower the consumer, give him freedom to do what he chooses and provide him with the tools to meet life’s daily challenges.

Moreover , making mobi le communications affordable and more available for all is another key milestone. Since the beginning of our journey, we have strived to provide relevant and innovative


Business Interview

Mr. Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman of Bharti Airtel Limited during his visit to Tanzania interacted with staff members at Airtel Tanzania Head Quarter

In your opinion what has been the impact of Bharti Airtel Limited entry into Tanzania on Indo-Tanzanian bilateral ties?

The Indo-Africa bilateral relations date back to the 17th Century with the arrival of merchants and workers along the East African coast. Bharti Airtel’s entry to Africa and Tanzania was one of the largest foreign direct investments (FDI) in 2010. This is an investment that will play a tremendously important role in empowering communities and individuals. We are already see ing our in f ras t ruc tura l development reaching areas which were previously deemed unviable for telecommunication

services. A recent example is rural area in Arusha region known as Loliondo.

How are you facing upto the competition from other wireless network players? And has competition brought down the cost of mobile communication in Tanzania?

Tanzania’s telecommunication is quite complex with a number of competitors. However, since we have made enough research on the market, our innovative products and services will always give us an edge.

Most importantly, we have what sets us apart from the rest. It is our ability to forge strong partnerships

that provide opportunities for local markets. Our ecosystem of partners provides an opportunity for positive multiplier effect in the economy through new employment opportunit ies, addit ional investment and deployment of new technology in the telecoms and communications infrastructure.

Furthermore, we are striving for leadership in everything that we do, including delivering world-class, affordable and innovative services.

On bringing down the cost of mobile communication in Tanzania, our vision is very clear, to provide affordable and innovative mobile services for all.


Tanzania's Natural Beauty Through An Indian Lense

1. Young Tanzanian students coming out of Arusha National Park accompanied by an armed guard following a walk through the dense forest

2. Japanese tourists after their recent visit to India visiting Lake Manyara National Park of Tanzania

3 & 4. The Official Guides at Lake Manyara and Arusha National Parks conducting a guided tour for the visiting journalist from India

1

2

3 4


1. Tululuisia waterfall in Arusha National Park

2. More than a century old trees known as fighting trees in Arusha National Park

3. Olea Capensis, the Black Ironwood tree is now considered rare because of its rampant use by the wood industry. It is now protected by law in Tanzania.

4. 'Cine Afrique' a cinema hall in zanzibar, known for African Movies

5. Ngurdoto Museum inside Arusha National Park has last 1,000 years natural history of the rich flora, fauna and wildlife of this Park

1 2

3

54


Antimicrobial Resistance - No Action Today, No Cure Tomorrow

Mr. A.N. Khan, Senior Scientist and Former AD, NEERI, Nagpur

In 1 6 7 4 , A n t o n v a n Leeuwenhoek, could see bacteria through a microscope.

Louis Pasteur, in 1865, founded the science of microbiology, and proved that most infectious d i s e a s e s a r e c a u s e d b y microorganisms. This became known as the 'germ theory' of disease. Alexander Fleming, discovered the mould, penicillin in 1928, which could kill many germs that caused infections. Fleming's discovery saved the lives of millions of people during the course of time. Without this drug many soldiers during World War II would have died from infections of the wounds. The discovery of penicillin led to the discovery of a whole lot of other antibiotics such as streptomycin. It was a great step forward in the history of medicine.

We live in an era of medical breakthroughs with new wonder drugs available to treat conditions that a few decades ago would have proved fatal. On this World

Health Day 2011, WHO will launch a worldwide campaign to safeguard these medicines for future generations.

'Antimicrobial resistance' is the theme for this World Health Day, with the slogan, 'no action today, no cure tomorrow'. Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microorganism to survive when exposed to antimicrobial drugs. Genes can transfer this ability from one microorganism to another. Antimicrobial resistance and its global spread threaten the continued effectiveness of many medicines used today, while at the same time it risks jeopardizing important advances being made against major infectious killers. When the organisms become resistant to most antimicrobials, they are often referred to as 'Superbugs'.

At first all microorganisms were affected by sulfanilamide, and it was tagged a 'wonder drug'. Soon it become apparent that

any microorganism capable of producing para-amino-benzoic acid (PBA) on its own could produce enough PBA to displace the sulfanilamide by the old law of mass action and proceed with synthesis. Later, after sulfanilamide had been around long enough, some microorganisms adapted to using it as their substrate and could remove it from solution. As a result sulfanilamide lost it punch.

About this time the fungi-produced antibiotics made their debut. Penicillin was extremely effective against many pathogenic bacteria. It was found that penicillin prevented the passage of glutamic acid into the cell. Those bacteria which could synthesize their own glutamic acid were unaffected by penicillin. Like sulfanilamide the presence of penicillin in large quantities stimulated the growth of bacteria which could metabolize penicillin.

Streptomycin was even more effective than penicillin. It reacted best under basic pH by blocking the entry of pyruvate into the citric acid cycle. There are other antibiotics of varying degrees of effectiveness. The most important aspect of antibiotics is that the presence of large quantities of antibiotics in use stimulates bacteria which not only are resistant but can degrade the antibiotic as a source of food.

Last year, the spread of the resistant bacteria in India, Pakistan and U.K. 'NDM-1', or New Delhi metallo-beta-

The overuse, misuse and underuse of antibacterial drugs have led to

an increase in and the emergence of resistance to these drugs. The food

industry's increased use of antibiotics can lead to the further emergence

of resistant bacteria and genes that threaten human health

India Feature


lactamase, was first identified in a Swedish patient who had returned from New Delhi. Experts were concerned about the fact that the enzyme was found in one of the most commonly encountered bacteria in the human population, Escheridia coli, and that at least one in 10 of strains containing this enzyme appeared to be resistant to all known antibiotics.

The overuse, misuse and underuse of antibacterial drugs have led to an increase in and the emergence of resistance to these drugs. The food industry's increased use of antibiotics can lead to the further emergence of resistant bacteria and genes that threaten human health.

At present, 0.4 million resistant infections are estimated to occur every year in the European Union, leading to about 25 thousand deaths. Without new and effective antibiotics but with increasing resistance, society could return to the condition of a pre-antibiotic era, when a simple lung infection could kill a child, or when doctors could not fight meningitis. Multi-drug tuberculosis is another example of this emerging health threat.

I n t e g r a t e d m o n i t o r i n g o f antibiotic consumption, prescriber and consumer education and regulation of use in communities and hospitals have shown that it is possible to contain antimicrobial resistance. However, even in well-regulated systems, such as those in Europe, resistance in some pathogens continue to increase unabated and problems remain in the use of antibiotics in animal food production can lead to the further emergence of resistant bacteria and genes that threaten human health.

WHO's Patient Safety Programme, the 2001 initiative, provided a start for some countries in tackling the problem. One of the challenges government face is enforcing laws

banning over-the-counter sales of antibiotics. This is particularly difficult in low-to-middle income countries where there are often no doctors to prescribe medicines but people need to get the drug somehow. Children in Africa, Asia and Latin America suffering from

Children in Africa, Asia and Latin America suffering from pneumonia,

meningitis or blood stream infections are often given old drugs rendered ineffective

by resistance since they are the only available treatment options

pneumonia, meningitis or blood stream infections are often given old drugs rendered ineffective by resistance since they are the only available treatment options.

*World Health Day - 7 April 2011Source: Press Information Bureau, India

Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance (IIMAR)

India Feature


Emergence of India as a Preferred Investment Destination

Mr. R.P. Singh, Secretary, Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion

The resource requirement in a developing economy for investment usually exceeds

the availability of resources that could be domestically generated. In India, the Gross Domestic Investment have historically been short of the Gross Domestic Savings by around 1.2 to 1.3 per cent of GDP on an annual basis. Countries, therefore, encourage the inflow of capital from abroad to supplement the domestic savings for a higher investment and a larger increase in production capacities. Foreign Direct Investment is considered as the most preferred route of supplementing the domestic

savings as it brings along with the investment new management practices and technologies. Besides enlarging the productive capacity they also contribute to enhancement of export potential/earning of the country.

The economic liberalization, which was initiated in 1991, therefore, attempted to significantly liberalise the FDI policy regime. Over the years, India has emerged as a preferred destination for foreign investment. Besides the sustained GDP growth of economy, which has expanded market in India, the enabling environment and a transparent open policy regime

has significantly contributed to the emergence of India as a preferred location. India FDI policy regime operates in a dynamic setting and has been undergoing a process of continuous review in line with requirement and investors’ perception. As a part of this process, the FDI policy is being liberalized progressively on an ongoing basis in order to allow FDI in more industries under the automatic route. In the year 2000, the Government allowed FDI up to 100 per cent under automatic route for most of the activities and a small negative list was notified where either the automatic route was not

available or there were limits on FDI. Since then, the policy has been gradually simplified and rationalized and more sectors have been opened up for foreign investment.

Recent changes in FDI Policy

Significant changes have been made in the FDI policy regime in the recent time to ensure that India remains increasingly attractive and investor-friendly. In February 2009, the twin concepts of ‘ownership’ and ‘control’ as a central principle in India’s FDI regime were recognized for calculation of direct and indirect

foreign investment (Press Notes 2 & 4). This ensured application of simple, homogeneous and uniform norms for obtaining Government/FIPB approval (or otherwise) for foreign investment into Indian companies and for such Indian companies in the eventuality of their making downstream investments. Press Note 3 of 2009 also brought in increased Government oversight over the transfer of ownership or control in sensitive sectors to non-resident entities. Press Note 6 of 2009 liberalized the induction of FDI in Micro and Small Enterprises by clarifying that FDI in MSE was now permitted, subject only to the sectoral equity caps, entry routes and other relevant sectoral regulations. Press Note 8 of 2009 brought all payments for royalty, lump sum fee for transfer of technology and use of trademarks/ brand names under the automatic route, without the need for the Government approval. The Government in 2010, decided through Press Note 1 of 2010, that recommendations of FIPB on proposals with total foreign equity inflow of more than Rs. 1200 crore would be placed for consideration of CCEA, as against the earlier limit of cases with a total investment of Rs. 600 crore. It also exempted a number of other categories of cases from the requirement of obtaining prior approval of the Government. Other than liberalisation of the policy, simplification and rationalization of the FDI policy has also been an important component of these reforms.

The FDI inflows into India were nearly US $ 37.18 billion during

2009-10

India Feature


Consolidation of FDI Policy

One of the major steps taken by Government on 31st March, 2010 was consolidation and release of all existing regulations on FDI as one consolidated document. This is expected to ensure that all information on FDI policy is available at one place. This is further expected to result in greater clarity and understanding of foreign investment rules among foreign investors and sectoral regulators, as also predictability of policy. The document is updated every six months. The updated second edition of the document was released on 30th September, 2010.

Stakeholder Consultations on FDI Policy

The Government has now initiated stakeholder consultations, by inviting suggestions on various aspects of FDI policy, including sectoral policies. Discussion papers on FDI in the retail and defence sectors, as also on approval of foreign/ technical collaborations in case of existing ventures/ tie-ups in India, issue of shares for considerations other than cash and FDI in Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) have been released for stakeholder comments. The Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion is also implementing a Plan Scheme for promotion of investment by holding Joint Commission Meetings, Organisation of Business and Investment Promotion Events, Project Management, Capacity Building, Establishment of G2B Portal/e-Biz Pilot Project, Setting up of Country focus Desks for Promoting Investment, Multi-media-audio-visual Campaign, C r e a t i o n o f a d e d i c a t e d Investment Promotion Agency etc. The dedicated Investment Promotion Agency i.e. ‘Invest India’ has since been launched on 23rd December 2009 to promote foreign investments in India in

a focussed, comprehensive and structured manner.

India’s Global Position

The outcome of the government initiatives and liberalization measures undertaken have resulted in tremendous response and growth in the FDI equity inflows to India since 2003-04, which have increased nearly thirteen-fold until the last financial year (i.e. 2009-10). In terms of international practices of calculating FDI (i.e. by taking into account re-invested earnings and other capital), the FDI inflows into India were nearly US $ 37.18 billion during 2009-10. While the FDI inflows have somewhat flattened out over the course of

the last three years, the pace of inflows has been stable, including during 2009-10, at the height of the global economic slowdown. This is despite the fact that the UNCTAD World Investment Report, 2009, had noted a fall of global FDI inflows, from a historic high of 1.979 trillion in 2007 to 1.697 trillion in 2008, a decline of 14%. It may be noted that UNCTAD had subsequently predicted a fall in global FDI investment flows by 30%, from US $ 1.7 trillion in 2008 to US $ 1.2 trillion in 2009. While India was ranked 32nd in the world on FDI inflows in 2001(as per UNCTAD data), its ranking improved to the 9th position in 2009. India’s ranking, in terms of FDI inflows among developing countries (as per UNCTAD data), has jumped from 13th in 2005 to 4th (in 2009). Its share of world FDI inflows has jumped from 0.78% in 2005 to 3.11 per cent in 2009.

India is today rated as one of the most attractive investment destinations across the globe. The UNCTAD World Investment Report (WIR) 2010, in i ts analysis of the global trends and sustained growth of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows, has reported India to be the second most attractive location for FDI for 2010-2012. According to the WIR 2010 report, the top five most attractive locations for FDI for 2009-11 are China, India, Brazil, United States and the Russian Federation. Similarly, the 2009 survey of the Japan Bank for International Cooperation, conducted among Japanese investors, continues to rank India as the second most promising country for overseas business operations.

For India to maintain its momentum of GDP growth, it is vital to ensure that the robustness of its FDI inflow is also maintained.

Source: Press Information Bureau

While India was ranked 32nd in

the world on FDI inflows in 2001(as

per UNCTAD data), its ranking improved to the 9th position in 2009. India’s

ranking, in terms of FDI inflows

among developing countries (as per UNCTAD data), has jumped from 13th in 2005 to

4th (in 2009). Its share of world

FDI inflows has jumped from

0.78% in 2005 to 3.11 per cent in

2009

India Feature


"The Rural Transformation Experienced by India is a Real

Lesson for Tanzanians"An experience sharing article from Josephine Joseph Minde, Lecturer

at University of Dodoma on ‘Participatory Rural Development’ course training under ITEC Programme.

First of all I would like to commend the ITEC course, the logistics and the course

organisers for making the course period and the whole programme successful and well organised. The presentations have been impressive to me, which were presented by different experts

The contents of the program and the practical sessions we had were insightful. The rural transformation experienced by India is a real lesson to be shared for Tanzanians, 80 percent of whom are living in the rural areas. In India the so called ‘rural areas’, seemed to be towns if we compare

We also noted that people in Ind ian v i l l ages (Gram Panchayath) participates really well in development initiatives; we saw that some had organised themselves in groups called ‘Self Help Group’. These groups are easy to be helped by the government as well as the financial institutions too. The villagers proved to have the ability to identify resources available and how they can be beneficial to them.

Furthermore, decentralisation of governance observed in villages, the villagers were noted to be very close to their local leaders and their local governing bodies. With such supportive Government, villages like the Gangadevipally are observed to be more successful and therefore a role model to rural India. Another example observed is Kerala province; in this area most of us, failed to identify among the rural and urban areas.

Another notable point was the inter-linkage between communities and the academic institutions for developmental initiatives; the Agriculture University in Kerala, we visited proved to have a solid cooperation with the rural people. For instance an engineering department explained that they run a Food Security Army which consisted of uneducated/little

A visit to one of the village in Hyderabad

and professionals who were knowledgeable and experienced, including representatives from Government of India. A notable cooperation was observed both for inside and outside the National Institute of Rural Development; I praise them for that.

them with Tanzanian villages. India has managed to improve roads, electricity (some use solar power) and have well organised local government systems. So, what we learnt and heard in the classes, we practically observed in the field.

Indian Assistance


educated youth who learn skills on how to use tractors and other machinery for agriculture and how to do simple maintenances of the machines. They also explained after the training that they had opportunities to get hired by people (Labour bank) as an employment.

Different rural technologies offered by the Institute also were practiced in the villages and increased their productivity. Those technologies included Water Harvesting, Rural Sanitation Models, and Solar Energy Development with the help of just four uneducated women, house construction through local

Director of the Institute (NIRD) at the middle of two course team and the rest are participants from ten different countries

A visit to one of the village in Hyderabad

Production of methane gas from waste water in rubber production industry as environment protection

Group work activity in the class

available materials - example Bamboo houses, brick panel house and mud block house etc. We also saw villages accessing local newspapers which are rare in Tanzania.

In general the training brought new knowledge and experience sharing as we were a combination from different nations. Rural development in India is really a role model as India has managed to reduce poverty to a considerable extent since the 1980s. We appreciate what the Indian are practicing and it is a must for us as participants of the programme to share the experiences and the knowledge to improve our developing strategies.

I would like to convey a message for the Government of India, that we really thank you very much and we appreciate the ITEC programme. We hope to achieve development in our country soon the way India did, but we would like to ask for more training in

this aspect with increased number of participants. If possible, also in the construction of centers for rural technologies in our rural areas where people can get the appropriate and affordable technologies as you have done in India.


Pan-Afr ican e-Network Project is one of the finest examples of the growing

partnership between India and Africa. The basic objective of the Pan-African e-Network project is to assist Africa in capacity building by way of imparting quality education to 10,000 students in Africa over a 5-year period in various disciplines from some of the best Indian Universities/Educational Institutions. Besides, this would provide Tele-Medicine services by way of on line medical consultation to the medical practitioners at the Patient End Location in Africa by Indian Medical specialists in various disciplines/specialties selected by African Union for its Member States. And the best part is 5,110 students are already part of the network within two years of time period, thus the target number of students might exceed more than

the expected response. 1200 CME sessions have already been done. Further, the number of classes has been extended as well.

Recognising that India-Africa cooperation can go a long way in the globalising world for mutual advantage, inspired by a boost in expertise in its IT and medical sciences sector,and in an effort to contribute to the Millennium Development Goal of increasing education levels across the developing world, the Government of India proposed the Pan African e-network Project that allows India and African countries to be linked to one another through a an International Private Leased Circuit (IPLC) and a satellite based network. This will further enable facilities such as Tele-education, Tele-medicinal consultations, Continued Medical Education (CME) Tele-conferencing between heads of states. In addition it could later support e-governance, e- commerce, infotainment, resource mapping and meteorological services.

Three Cen t res have been established in Tanzania, which helps in disseminating the lectures, and Tele-medicine consultation, workshops etc. Till now the number of students registered from Tanzania is 47.

There is an overwhelming response in some countries, and the existing classrooms are not sufficient to accommodate all the students. There is a plan to extend the existing classrooms. Besides this, at present some students are not able to attend classes as it is too early in the day or too late in the day in some countries as there is a difference of nearly 5 hours between the countries on the eastern side of Africa and the western side. To take care of this, plans are afoot to run additional classes or parallel sessions. Recording of the lectures also takes place, which helps in the process of Offline Review Learning. So, students never miss any class !

Background

In 2004, at the inaugural session of the Pan-African Parliament held in Johannesburg, the then President of India, Dr. A. P. J. Kalam mooted this idea of linking all the 53 Nations of the African Union to India for promoting education and health services. This proposal was accepted by the African Union Commission(AUC). The proposal got approved by the Union Cabinet on 5th July, 2007 at a budgeted cost of INR 542.90 crores (US$ 125 million). This network has

Pan Africa e-network Brings Indian Knowledge into Africa

By Mayuri Datta and Debjani Sahu

The Pan Africa e-Network project has emerged as a fine example of India’s ongoing strategy to engage most countries in Africa including Tanzania.

This project brings Indian expertise into Africa via distance education and telemedicine. A story based on inputs from Mr. Vimal Wakhlu, Director

(Technical), Telecommunications Consultants India Ltd.

The project aims to enhance services and consequently build capacity in

three sectors – ITC, Education and

Medicine.



been implemented using fibre optic systems, submarine cable, satellite system that allows the setting up of tele-education, tele-medicine, videoconferencing, and VIP communication services- consequently supporting the emerging field of e-governance, e-commerce etc. The Ministry of External Affairs is the nodal ministry for the project, while Telecommunications Consultants India Limited (TCIL) is the Implementing Agency of the project on a turnkey basis.

Basic Objectives

• Access to education for African students from selected Indian universities and educational institutions.

• Continuing Medical Education (CME) for practicing doctors and nursing staff to update their knowledge and skills from medical specialists and educationalists in India.

• Tele-medicine services for consultation with experts in super specialty hospitals in India.

• Technology Transfer – software and hardware. During the implementation of the project, TCIL will organise training programs at each country centre to familiarize the local staff in operating and running the equipment and network on their own.

• V V I P c o n n e c t i v i t y – Communications including video conferencing and VoIP

services among the Heads of the States of the African Nations.

Challenges

The project itself was not based around over coming any specific goal based challenge. Instead it targets perennial issues in Africa’s development.

Implementation challenges also included co-ordination for appointment of country coordinators, site coordinators, se lec t ion and deployment o f su i table manpower for supervision and management of implementation at different sites

and countries. Delivery stage challenges involved monitoring of the deliveries of equipments from different vendors, co-ordination in different countries and sites with country coordinators and site coordinators for customs clearance, taking over the deliveries and their safe custody.

Equipment deployment challenges included follow up with country coordinators for site allotment, site preparation followed by surveys by TCIL to ensure effective deployment of the infrastructure in the countries. Operation of services on the Pan African e- Network threw challenges of defining timings for the delivery of Tele-education and Tele- medicine services considering different time zones of India and also the east African countries and West African countries. The time management for provision of services from the Indian universities and super specialty hospitals and time sharing of the common resources of the network has been a challenge for effective operations of the services.

Indian Super Specialty Hospitals selected by the Govt. of India for Tele-Medicine Solution

• All India Institute of Medical Sciences (A.I.I.M.S.) New Delhi

• Escorts Heart Institute and Research Center, New Delhi

• Moolchand Hospital, New Delhi• Fortis Hospital, Noida • Apollo Hospitals, Chennai• Sri Ramchandra Medical College and Hospital,

Chennai• Narayana Hrudayalaya, Bangalore• Health Care Global Enterprises, Bangalore• Care Hospitals, Hyderabad• Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi • Dr. Balabhai Nanavati Hospital, Mumbai• Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical

Sciences (SGPI), Lucknow.

Indian Universities selected by the Govt. of India for Tele-Education Solution

• Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi

• University of Madras, Chennai• University of Delhi, New Delhi• Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani • AMITY University, Noida



PROJECT PARTICULARS IN TANZANIAS.

No.Site Particulars Commi-

ssioned onService Start Status

1. Learning CentreMs.Sophie Mynah MgaiwaCoordinator External ProgramsCentre for Virtual Learning, University of Dar es salaam,Mlimani Campus, CVL Building Office 01,P.O BOX 35062, DAR -ES- SALAAM, TANzANIA.Email: [email protected]: + 255- 754 -290688

30/09/2009 MOU between University of Dar-es- Salaam, Tanzania and Amity University, UNOM already signed.Total students registered so far 58 as follows:MBA (IB)-14 Students, BSc (IT)-33 Students with Amity University (Cycle-II).MSc (IT)-6 Students, BBA-5 Students registered with UNOM.

2. Patient End LocationMr.Willialpha WilifestHead of IT& Tele-medicineOcean Road Cancer InstituteP.O.Box. 3592, DAR-ES-SALAAM, TANzANIA.Email: [email protected], [email protected]: + 255 -71369-6588

30/08/2010 Commissioned at Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

3. VVIP NodeMr. JorgeIT Engineer, President house Communication Centre, Ocean Road, DAR-ES-SALAAM, TANzANIA.Email: [email protected]: + 255 -754- 466072

26/08/2010 Commissioned at State House Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

Expectations

• Once the technology and skills have been shared and transferred (after the initial five year period), local engineers would continue to run this network.

• Make education affordable for students in Africa. Capacity building based on experiences with the Universities in India, on an interest and need based program, in the comfort of their own zones. No limitation on the number that can avail this.

• To use the latest technology and expertise available, for the benefit of patients and doctors in Africa.

• Also, Customs relaxation, and VAT exemption for the equipment is required on part of the African governments (which has again been a reason for delay in delivery due to lack of coordination between the ministries in charge of the Pan African e-network at Africa’s end and the Border control agencies)


The ambitious project proposed to be successful through the use of ICT thus sharing India’s cutting edge quality education and health care with its African counterparts despite the distance between India and the African continent.

Aid Effectiveness

Admittedly, this project, as an example of SSC enabling better aid effectiveness due to over lapping contexts and common problems of a developing nation are not the cementing factors. However, it does base itself on emerging expertise from the donor country, to be shared and transferred to the recipient as an exercise in building capacity.

India has a growing comparative advantage in the IT sector and is becoming amongst the top destinations for medical treatment. For example, Cancer research borne out of India has been highly regarded in the Medical world.

In Tanzania, the tele-medicinal centre connects to Cancer specialists in India. Secondly,

the presence of TCIL in Africa for the last 33 years in other ventures helped aid the process of igniting local enthusiasm and trust, as they were participating with a name they were familiar with. Similar is the case for Indian Universities like University of Madras, University of Delhi etc. that have established reputations with the student body in Africa.

SSC in facilitating the use of aid for a need based program has been given due diligence. The selection of courses offered, the attempt to have multi lingual classes (especially in French), and the time at which they are held (to overcome time difference between Africa- India), have all been decided after consultations from the coordinators at the A.U.

The program is also cost effective for the recipients as it is all offered to them in their local institutions. The VVIP Nodes for enabling easy access between heads of states through video conferencing is an attempt to further promote South-South relations between governments.

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