Índice global de envejecimiento, agewatch 2014 informe en ... globalenvejecimiento... · 2 Índice...

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Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014 Informe en profundidad

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Page 1: Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014 Informe en ... globalenvejecimiento... · 2 Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014. Informe en Profundidad 3 Presentación

Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014 Informe en profundidad

Page 2: Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014 Informe en ... globalenvejecimiento... · 2 Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014. Informe en Profundidad 3 Presentación

Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014. Informe en Profundidad2

3 Presentación

3 Preámbulo

4 Resumen ejecutivo

7 Resultados globales

9 Hallazgos claves

11 Seguridad de ingresos en un mundo cambiante

17 Resultados regionales

22 &ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV

24 Envejecimiento de la población

26 Metodología

27 Notas

/LVWD�GH�ƩJXUDV

7 Figura 1: Proporción de la población de 60 años o más en 2014 y 2050

8 )LJXUD����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�GH�ODV�HFRQRP¬DV�%5,&6�\�0,17��3,%�\�SURSRUFL²Q�GH�OD�SREODFL²Q�GH����D°RV�R�P V�

9 Figura 3: Esperanza de vida y esperanza de vida saludable a los 60 años

10 )LJXUD����&RPSDUDFL²Q�FRQ�ORV�SD¬VHV�GH�PHMRU�GHVHPSH°R�

11 Figura 5: El surgimiento de las pensiones sociales

14 Figura 6: Proporción de la población en edad laboral (de 15 a 64 años) que contribuye a una pensión

17 )LJXUD����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV�GH��IULFD�

18 )LJXUD����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV�GH�$VLD�

19 )LJXUD����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV�GH�$P¨ULFD�/DWLQD�\�HO�&DULEH

20 )LJXUD�����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV�GH�(XURSD�RFFLGHQWDO��1RUWHDP¨ULFD�\�$XVWUDODVLD

21 )LJXUD�����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV�GH�(XURSD�GHO�(VWH

24 )LJXUD�����3URSRUFL²Q�GH�OD�SREODFL²Q�GH����D°RV�R�P V�SRU�UHJL²Q�HQ������������\�����

26 )LJXUD�����'RPLQLRV�H�LQGLFDGRUHV�GHO��QGLFH�*OREDO�GH�(QYHMHFLPLHQWR��$JH:DWFK�

Lista de tablas

4 7DEOD����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�JHQHUDOHV�GHO��QGLFH�*OREDO�GH�(QYHMHFLPLHQWR��$JH:DWFK�

22 7DEOD����&ODVLƩFDFLRQHV�\�YDORUHV�JHQHUDOHV�GH�FDGD�GRPLQLR�

25 7DEOD����3RUFHQWDMH�GH�OD�SREODFL²Q�GH����D°RV�R�P V�SRU�UHJL²Q�HQ������������\�����

Contenido

+HOS$JH�,QWHUQDWLRQDO�FRQWULEX\H�D�TXH�ODV�SHUVRQDV�PD\RUHV�GHPDQGHQ�VXV�GHUHFKRV��GHVDI¬HQ�WRGR�WLSR�GH�GLVFULPLQDFL²Q�\�OXFKHQ�FRQWUD�OD�SREUH]D��GH�PDQHUD�TXH�VHDQ�SURWDJRQLVWDV�GH�XQD�YLGD�GLJQD��DFWLYD��VHJXUD�\�VDOXGDEOH��1XHVWUR�WUDEDMR�VH�IRUWDOHFH�\�expande a través de una red global de organizaciones DƩQHV���OD�¹QLFD�UHG�GH�HVWH�WLSR�HQ�HO�PXQGR��

El Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch es el ¹QLFR�¬QGLFH�JOREDO�TXH�FODVLƩFD�D�ORV�SD¬VHV�VHJ¹Q�HO�ELHQHVWDU�VRFLDO�\�HFRQ²PLFR�GH�ODV�SHUVRQDV�DGXOWDV�PD\RUHV����

www.globalagewatch.org

Page 3: Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014 Informe en ... globalenvejecimiento... · 2 Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014. Informe en Profundidad 3 Presentación

Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014. Informe en Profundidad 3

El Índice Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch 2014 presenta una fotografía actual de la situación de las personas adultas PD\RUHV�HQ����SD¬VHV�GHO�PXQGR��5HVDOWD�TX¨�SD¬VHV�HVW Q�logrando mejores resultados en atender las necesidades GH�VXV�SREODFLRQHV�PD\RUHV�\�F²PR�HVWR�VH�YLQFXOD�FRQ�políticas relacionadas con las pensiones, la salud, la HGXFDFL²Q��HO�HPSOHR�\�HO�HQWRUQR�VRFLDO�HQ�HO�TXH�YLYHQ�ODV�SHUVRQDV�DGXOWDV�PD\RUHV������

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(VWR�QR�WLHQH�SRU�TX¨�FRQWLQXDU�DV¬��(O�PXQGR�KD�SURJUHVDGR�GH�PDQHUD�FRQVLGHUDEOH�KDFLD�ODV�0HWDV�GH�'HVDUUROOR�GHO�0LOHQLR�GHVGH�HO�D°R�������/DV�QXHYDV�PHWDV�SDUD�HO�GHVDUUROOR�VRVWHQLEOH�GHEHQ�DKRUD�SUHVWDU�DWHQFL²Q�D�ORV�DYDQFHV�HQWUH�ORV�GLVWLQWRV�JUXSRV�HW UHRV��LQFOX\HQGR�HO�GH�ODV�SHUVRQDV��mayores.

(VWH�LQIRUPH�PXHVWUD�TXH�HQ�WRGR�SD¬V�H[LVWH�XQ�PDUJHQ�SDUD�OD�PHMRUD��/DV�FRPSDUDFLRQHV�HQWUH�SD¬VHV�PXHVWUDQ�OR�TXH�D¹Q�IDOWD�SRU�KDFHU��\�SXHGHQ�IRPHQWDU�OD�FRQFLHQWL]DFL²Q�S¹EOLFD�\�HVWLPXODU�HO�FRPSURPLVR�SRO¬WLFR��/DV�WDEODV�RIUHFHQ�HMHPSORV�LPSUHVLRQDQWHV�GH�TXH�HQ�WRGDV�ODV�UHJLRQHV��DOJXQRV�SD¬VHV�GH�PHQRUHV�LQJUHVRV�DWLHQGHQ�PHMRU�D�VX�SREODFL²Q�PD\RU�TXH�SD¬VHV�P V�ULFRV��

El desarrollo de las personas no cesa cuando llegan a los VHVHQWD�R�VHWHQWD�X�RFKHQWD�D°RV��1XHVWURV�D°RV�GH�YHMH]�GHEHU¬DQ�VHU�XQ�WLHPSR�GH�DPSOLDU�QXHVWURV�KRUL]RQWHV�WDQWR�FRPR�OR�IXHURQ�QXHVWURV�D°RV�GH�MXYHQWXG��(O�DSR\DU�D�ORV�adultos mayores ayudará a crear un mundo en el que todos se VLHQWDQ�FRQƩDGRV�SDUD�SRGHU�YLYLU�FRQ�GLJQLGDG�\�VHJXULGDG��

0H�HQFXHQWUR�PX\�VDWLVIHFKR�GH�SUHVHQWDU�HO�VHJXQGR��QGLFH�Global de Envejecimiento, AgeWatch. Nos encontramos en un momento clave tanto para las mujeres como para ORV�KRPEUHV�PD\RUHV�GH�WRGR�HO�PXQGR��SXHV�ORV�(VWDGRV�0LHPEURV�GH�ODV�1DFLRQHV�8QLGDV�HVW Q�DQDOL]DQGR�\�proponiendo las nuevas Metas de Desarrollo Sostenible para reemplazar las Metas de Desarrollo del Milenio al 2015.

(O�6HFUHWDULR�*HQHUDO�GH�ODV�1188�KD�SHGLGR�XQD�ŝUHYROXFL²Q�de datos” para apuntalar este nuevo marco de desarrollo LQWHUQDFLRQDO�D�ƩQ�GH�DVHJXUDU�TXH�ŝQDGLH�VH�TXHGH�DWU VŞ��5HTXHULPRV�QXHYRV�\�PHMRUHV�GDWRV��QDFLRQDO�H�LQWHUQDFLRQDOPHQWH��SDUD�KDFHU�TXH�HVWH�OODPDGR�VH�FRQYLHUWD�en una realidad.

3RU�PXFKR�WLHPSR�ORV�DGXOWRV�PD\RUHV�KDQ�VLGR�H[FOXLGRV�GH�OD�SODQLƩFDFL²Q�\�ORV�SURJUDPDV�GH�GHVDUUROOR�LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV�\�QDFLRQDOHV��HQ�SDUWH�SRU�GDWRV�H[FHSFLRQDOPHQWH�SREUHV�VREUH�ODV�SHUVRQDV�GH����D°RV�\�P V��(VWH�HQIRTXH�HV�REVROHWR�H�LQDGHFXDGR�SDUD�OD�UHDOLGDG�DFWXDO��HQ�WRGR�HO�PXQGR�ODV�SHUVRQDV�DKRUD�YLYHQ�P V�WLHPSR��(O�FRQWLQXDU�SRU�HVWH�FDPLQR�tiene consecuencias graves y perniciosas para los mayores. +DFH�TXH�VHDQ�LQYLVLEOHV��ORV�H[FOX\H�\�OLPLWD�VX�DFFHVR�D�servicios.

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(VSHUR�TXH�HO��QGLFH�VHD�GH�XWLOLGDG��(VWH�D°R�KHPRV�HQIRFDGR�de manera particular en la seguridad de los ingresos. (VWR�UHVDOWD�F²PR�GLVWLQWRV�SD¬VHV�HVW Q�UHVSRQGLHQGR�SDUWLFXODUPHQWH�DO�GHUHFKR�GH�ORV�DGXOWRV�PD\RUHV�D�LQJUHVRV�VHJXURV�HQ�OD�YHMH]��PHGLDQWH�OD�DPSOLDFL²Q�GH�OD�FREHUWXUD�GH�pensiones.

Presentación Preámbulo

3URIHVRU�6LU�5LFKDUG�-ROO\Instituto de Estudios de DesarrolloUniversidad de Sussex

7RE\�3RUWHUDirector EjecutivoHelpAge International

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