indoor air quality remediation & improvement

8/9/2019 Indoor Air Quality Remediation & Improvement

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Indoor Air QualityRemediation& Improvement

Presenting by LAPON MOKKHASMITManaging Director , Air-Care Group.

Indoor Environmental Solutions Co., Ltd


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Content

Why is Indoor Air Quality Important?

Factors that contribute to Indoor AirQuality

Indoor Air Quality Investigation

4 Basic Factors that influence SickBuilding Syndrome

Solutions to Good indoor air quality


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Content

What is an IAQ Management

IAQ Management : Solutions toImprove Indoor Air Quality

8 Steps to good IAQ management

Indoor Air Quality is a everyoneresponsibility


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Why is Indoor Air Quality

Important? On the average, we breathe approximately

14,000 liters of air daily

We spend up to 90% of our time indoors and

spend most of our working hours in an officeenvironment.

Indoor Pollutants are higher than OutdoorPollutants 100 times


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Important?

In 1989,EPA estimates thatpoor indoor airquality may cost the nation tens of billions of

dollars each year

EPA concluded and reported to Congress thatimproved indoor air quality can result inhigher productivity and fewer lost workdays

2/3 of OPD in Thailand are caused by

respiratory syndromes


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Important? Thailand spend over

seventies of billions bahteach year in OPD in

hospitals

Poor Indoor Air Qualityimpact the health,Comfort, well being, and

productivity of buildingoccupants


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Factors that contribute to

Indoor Air Quality

Pollutant Sources both inside and

Outside the building Type of Pollutant

Moisture and Humidity

Design, Maintenance and Operation ofBuilding Ventilation System


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Indoor Air Quality Pollutant Sources both inside and

Outside the building

Biological contaminants :

Chemical pollutants :

Particles :


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Indoor Air Quality Pollutant Sources both inside and Outside

the building Biological contaminants :

Excessive concentrations of bacteria,Viruses,Fungi,dust mite allergen,animal dander

and pollen


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Factors that contribute toIndoor Air Quality

Biological contaminants


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Biological contaminants


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Pollutant Sources both inside and Outsidethe building Chemical pollutants :

Tobacco smoke VOC emissions from office equipment,

furniture, painting, glue Formaldehyde emissions from cleaning,

consumer products

accidental spill ofChemicals and Gasessuch as carbon monoxide, Radon,carbon dioxide etc


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Type of Pollutant

Difference type of impact

Difference levels of exposure

Difference of reaction or responding

Difference of exposure period


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Moisture and Humidity

Moisture and Humidity Control is a Key High Humidity contribute to the growth

and spread of unhealthy biologicalpollutants

Low Humidity may contribute toirritating, dry eyes and sinus discomfort

Moistures and Dirt can cause molds


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Design, Maintenance and Operation ofBuilding Ventilation System Maintain Good conditioning of HVAC

system is importance including theventilation system

Outside air supply to dilute pollutants

Outdoor air quality

Space planning , block air flow Preventive Maintenance HVAC

Controlling pollutant pathways


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Indoor Air Quality Investigation

Building Investigation Procedures

The goal of a building investigation is to identify and

solve indoor air quality complaints in a way thatprevents them from recurring and which avoids thecreation of other problems. To achieve this goal, it isnecessary for the investigator(s) to discover whethera complaint is actually related to indoor air quality,identify the cause of the complaint, and determine the

most appropriate corrective actions.


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4 Basic Factors thatinfluence Sick Building Syndrome

An indoor air quality investigation procedure

is best characterized as a cycle of informationgathering, hypothesis formation, and hypothesistesting. It generally begins with a walkthrough

inspection of the problem area to provide informationabout the four basic factors that influence sickbuilding syndrome:

The occupants

The HV

ACand

Ventilation System

The possible pollutant pathways

The possible contaminant sources


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Solution to Good indoor air quality

Solutions to good indoor air quality usuallyinclude combinations of the following:

Pollutant source removal or modification

Increasing ventilation rates

Air Cleaning

Education and Communication

Indoor Air Quality Management


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Routine maintenance of HVAC

Cleaning or replacement of filters

Replacement of water-stained ceiling tile

Institution of smoking restrictions Venting contaminant source emissions to

the outdoors


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Storage and use of paints, adhesives,solvents and pesticides in well ventilatedareas.

Allow time for building materials in new orremodeled areas to off-gas pollutantsbefore occupancy.

Maintenance Ventilation system includingAir duct system


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Increasing ventilation rates

Air distribution often can be a cost effective means ofreducing indoor pollutant levels.

HVAC systems should be designed, at a minimum, tomeet ventilation standards in local building codes;however, many systems are not operated ormaintained to ensure that these design ventilation

rates are provided. In many buildings, IAQ can beimproved by operating the HVAC system to at least itsdesign standard, and to ASHRAEStandard 62-1989 ifpossible


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Air cleaningcan be a useful adjunct to source control andventilation but has certain limitations. Particle control devices such as the typical furnace

filter are inexpensive but do not effectively capturesmall particles

high performance air filters capture the smaller,respirable particles but are relatively expensive toinstall and operate.

Mechanical filters do not remove gaseous pollutants.Some specific gaseous pollutants may be removed byadsorbent beds, but these devices can be expensiveand require frequent replacement of the adsorbentmaterial.

Air cleaners can be useful, but have limitedapplication.


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Education and communicationThose are important elements in both remedial andpreventive indoor air quality management programs.

When building occupants, management, andmaintenance personnel fully communicate andunderstand the causes and consequences of IAQproblems, they can work more effectively together toprevent problems from occurring, or to solve them ifthey do.


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What is an Indoor Air

Quality Management?


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The balance of environmental conditions in a building

that allows for maximum function of the building and

comfort, productivity, and well being of the occupants

BUILDINGS

IEQ

OCCUPANTS


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Who is involved on this problems?

Occupants

Operations

FacilityMgr

Regulation

& Maintenance


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Indoor Air Quality Contamination

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Monoxide

Formaldehyde Ozone

Suspended particulate matter

Volatile Organic compounds

Total Bacteria count

Total Fungal count

Temperature

Humidity

Air Movement


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Maximum ConcentrationContamination

Chemical Parameters

Carbon dioxide 1800 mg/m31000 ppm

Carbon monoxide 10 mg/m3

9 ppm

Formaldehyde 120 mg/m3

0.1 ppm Ozone 100 mg/m3

0.05 ppm

Volatile organic compounds 3ppm


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Maximum Concentration Contamination

Biological Parameters

Total bacterial counts 500 CFU/m3

Total fungal counts 500 CFU/m3

CFU means colony-forming units


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Guideline Values for Specific

Physical Parameters

Air temperature 22.5-25.5 C Relative humidity < 70%

Air movement > 0.25 m/s

Suspended particulate mattermaximum 150 mg/m3


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IAQ Management : Solutionsto Improve Indoor Air Quality

Managing a Building is a difficult and complex job

There are many competing demands, health &safety, Building maintenance, housekeeping

and communications with tenants

The importance of healthy, comfortable andproductive demand for good IAQ increases

IAQ management recognized as one of the best

references of practices

Good IAQ does not increasing the amount ofwork and cost of maintaining building


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IAQ Management : Solutionsto Improve Indoor Air Quality

IAQ management is a common principles ofgood facility management

Also helping to solve indoor air problems

Indoor air problems are preventable andsolvable and practical

Improve IAQ and reduce IAQ problems,

lowering health risks, increasing comfort andproductivity and reducing exposure to liabilityfrom IAQ problems


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Objective

: easy-to-understand path for taking buildingfrom currently conditions and practices to thesuccessful institutionalization of good indoorair quality management practices.


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1. Designate an IAQ Manager

2. Develop an IAQ Profile of the Building3. Address Existing and Potential IAQ problems4. Educate Building personal about IAQ

management5. Develop and implement a plan for Facility

Operations and Maintenance


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6. Manage Processes with Potential Significant

Pollutant Sources, including Remodeling andRenovation, Painting, Pest Control, Shippingand Receiving and Smoking

7. Communication with Tenants/Occupantsabout Their Role in Maintaining Good IAQ

8. Establish Procedures for Responding to IAQcomplaints


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STEP 1 : Designate an IAQ Manager

IAQ Manager will be working as a Team Leader

IAQ manager should be an employee of the building

Responsible for implementing the rest of the Actionplan

Out sources consultants may assistance on this step

IAQ Mgr coordinates all IAQ activities in the buildingand keep Occupants informed and involved

IAQ Mgr should be sufficient authority to make decision &implement improvement


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Step 2 : Develop an IAQ Profile of building

To understanding of the current IAQ situation in the

building To find the factors that influence the building

IAQ profile focused on identifying and reviewing records,blue print, as built drawing and operating instructions

Conducting Walkthrough inspection to documentinformation on HVAC system practices and conditions byqualified inspector

Indoor Air Sampling to estimating and pointing thepossibility factorsto IAQ problems


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Step 2 : Develop an IAQ Profile of building

This step will help in identifying potential or existingproblems as well as to gain the feedback on thecauses(s) and solution(s)to any problem(s)

MSDS for all chemical cleaning solutions must be reviewand put into the IAQ profile as well


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STEP 3 : Address Existing and Potential IAQ Problems

IAQ Manager can identify current practices or conditionsthat could affect indoor air quality by using informationfrom IAQ Profile

Some IAQ problems are easy to diagnose by using IAQProfile

Some IAQ Problems can be very complex, anddiagnosing may require outside a professional IAQ

consultancy Some IAQ Problems are related to uncontrolled sources


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Most ofIAQ Problems can be linked to deficiencies in theHVAC system such as uncelebrated controls,inoperable equipment, orinadequate maintenance andoperating practices.

The purpose of this step are to fix or mitigate all

existing or potentialIAQ Problems in order toprotect the health, comfort and productivity of thebuildings occupants and staff!!


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After diagnosing specific IAQ problems, seek solutions

Solutions to correct or mitigate the problems andprevent from recurring are basically 4 differences ways

Identifying sources, then removingor removing the

sources, sealing or covering or modifying theenvironment.

Improving ventilation to provide outside air to

occupants and to dilute an exhaust pollutants. Improving air filtration to clean air from outside and

inside the building

Controlling occupant exposure the pollutants


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STEP 4 : Educate Building Personal about IAQ

management

It is important!!!

Educating building personal about IAQ issues will allowthem to recognize potential problems

For example, observe unsanitary conditions in HVACroom, block vents,building leaking, other indicators of

potential IAQ problems

OSHA , Occupational Safety and Health Administrations

Hazard Communication Standard, required to informand train staff who use hazardous chemicals, even ifinfrequently, about health effects of the chemicals


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STEP 5 : Develop and Implement a Plan

for Facility Operations and Maintenances

The Quality of maintenance can affect to IAQ

The material and procedures used in operating andmaintaining the building also can affect to IAQ

How to maintain and operate the building to preventIAQ problems?

HVAC Operations : ensuring that the HVAC system isproviding ventilation during occupancy

The best practices to ventilate the building is themaximum volume of outside air by referring to ASHRAEstandard 62


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Housekeeping : Inadequate housekeeping can causeIAQ problems.

Keep the building clean, cleaning material themselvesmay be pollutant sources odors and emit a variety ofchemicals

Having a safety written procedures for housekeepingand comply to OSHA along with training those

employees Know what equipment and products are used in the

building and purchasing safer products


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Preventive Maintenance (PM) : PM is an effective tool forimproving IAQ

PM should include monitoring, inspecting and cleaningall of HVAC components

Ensure that all equipments are in good, sanitarycondition and operating as close to design set point aspossible

Unscheduled Maintenance or repairing IAQ manager should review the situation and provide

recommendation to maintenance


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STEP 6 : Manage Processes with Potentially significantPollutant Sources, Including Remodeling and Renovation,Painting, Pest Control, Shipping and Receiving, andSmoking

Contaminant sources could be drawn in from outside orcan originate within a building if the sources are notcontrolled

Remodeling and renovation both can create IAQproblems by emitting dust, odors, microorganisms and

VOCs To prevent IAQ problems by isolating work areas

Scheduling work during periods of low occupancy

To control potential contaminant sources within a building during activity


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Pressurizing spaces that adjoin the work space inorder to prevent transportation of pollutant

Using specialized cleaning procedures ; HEPAvacuums

Changing Air Filters after work completed

Buying safer products : water base , Formaldehyde-free

Painting can be used a low VOC-emitting paint

Pest control : the use of non-chemical pestmanagement practices wherever practical (IPM :Integrated Pest Management)


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Shipping and Receiving Areas : loading areas alwaysproduce odors, dust or contaminants such as carbonmonoxide.

Provide adequate ventilation and positive pressure toprevent leaking of the contaminants into the building

Establishing a smoking policy that protects occupantsfrom exposure to ETS ( Environmental tobaccoSmoke)


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STEP 7 : Communicate with Tenants/Occupants about

Their Role in Maintaining Good IAQ

It is important for building occupants to understand thattheir activities can create indoor air quality problemsand their cooperation is critical for maintaining GoodIAQ in their Building

Building management is responsible for notifyingbuilding tenets about the conditions, policies or

activities that may have a significant adverse IAQimpact.

Planning in Construing or renovation or remodelingactivities should be concern to IAQ problems


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STEP 8 : Establish Procedures for Responding to IAQ

Complaints

IAQ manager may be first alerted to potential IAQproblems by occupants.

Establishing procedures for responding to and resolvingcomplaints will ensure that all complaints are handles ina consistent and fair mannersuch as complaints form,incident log forms, occupant interview forms oroccupant diary forms.

This STEP shall ensure adequate and timely response tooccupant complaints and to prevent small complaints frombecoming major healthy or comfort problem.


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Indoor Air Quality isa Shared Responsibility

Things Everyone in the building Can Do

All of the occupants of a building can have a great

influence on indoor air quality. Occupants can helpprevent problems.

Do not block air vents or grills both supply and returngrills

Comply with the office and building smoking policy

Clean up all water spills promptly, water and maintainoffice plants properly and report water leaks right away

Dispose of garbage promptly and properly to preventodors and biological contamination


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Indoor Air Quality isa Shared Responsibility

Things Everyone in the building Can Do

Store food properly to avoid attracting pests and

generating unpleasant odors. Notify building or Facility manager immediately if you

suspect an IAQ problem.


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Question and answer

QUESTIONS?

E-Mail :[email protected]


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THANK YOU

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