Industrialization and Imperialism

AP World History Chapter 24

Industrialization

Brought raw materials to Europe Increase in exports

European goods started to be more desirable Technological advances led to a European

Advantage Rivalries between European Countries

Fear of each other and not Muslims

I. Introduction

Became profitable compared to earlier

expeditions Dutch

1619- Trading post established in Java Started as vassals- helped sultans of Mataram Started to gain control through war intervention

1750- Virtually controlled everything

II. Europeans in Asia

British

English East India Company Initially- mostly independent Got involved in Indian affairs Used Sepoys to build armies Bitish Raj- British rule in India

Battle of Plassey 3000 British/Sepoys defeat 50000 Indians

II. Europeans in Asia

British cont.

Muslims and Hindus could not unite Mughal empire collapsed British take over as a result of feuding Princes Sepoys fueled British expansion Cultural

Tried to bring England to India but failed Adopted some culture Intermarriage yet racial tensions Kept caste system

Kept princes as figureheads in provinces

II. Europeans in Asia

British cont.

Nabobs led to corruption 1790s -Parliament got involved Lord Cornwallis- helped stop corruption and

removed some colonial power Eventually Sati was outlawed Pushed British culture

II. Europeans in Asia

Initial Rivalries: Belgium, France and British

British naval power in 1800’s Eventually US gets involved.

Resources, markets and prestige European Advantage

Better metals Powerful/Accurate weapons

Machine Gun Iron hulled steam ships

III. Industrial Rivalries

Native Disadvantage Spears, arrows and leather shields Still fought back Zulus defeated British at Isandhlwana (1879

Still lost war Most successful when using guerrilla warfare

Spiritual warfare

III. Industrial Rivalries

Tropical Dependencies

Africa, Asia and South Pacific Small number of Europeans ruled large

population of indigenous Ex Java & India

IV. Patterns of Dominance

Settlement Colonies

White Dominions Most of population made up of Europeans Large Territories Ex Canada & Australia

IV. Patterns of Dominance

Settlement Colony Variations

Large mixed population Social issues and land disputes

Ex. South Africa, Hawaii & New Zealand

IV. Patterns of Dominance

Social issues in colonies

Played ethnic groups against each other (Hotel Rwanda example)

Denied education to locals Isolated from locals

Safer living conditions Brought women over

Outlawed miscegenation “Snobby” perception of colonist High demands placed on indigenous people

IV. Patterns of Dominance

South Africa

Boers moved in to take over territory Enslaved Khoikhoi

Colored people- African/European mixed Ran into Zulus and Xhosa

British got involved Boer Republic 1867

Diamonds and Gold discovered Surprise! British involved again

Boer War 1899-1902 Brutal war but British won

IV. Patterns of Dominance

Pacific Islands

Social and Health Issues Isolated- susceptible to disease Easily influenced

New Zealand Maori killed by smallpox, Tuberculosis and

common cold Alcoholism Prostitution Fought back but overwhelmed by European

weapons Used European laws to win some rights, survive

IV. Patterns of Dominance

Hawaii

Discovered by Captain James Cook (Spain) 1777-1779 Killed over ship’s nails

British influence 1843 and then US in 1898 Unified under Kamehameha

Backed by British Women dominated culture

Missionary change Ravaged by disease Chinese laborers Annexed by US Racism not an issue

IV. Patterns of Dominance

Europeans controlled territory through means of

force Controlled natural resources, shipped to Europe for

manufacturing, then sold to Europeans for their use Europeans believed it was their God-given right to

rule Led to Nationalism Rivalries influenced arms build up and complex

alliances resulting in WWI

V. Wrap Up