information systems: concepts, trends, issues ch 1-3 turban, mclean, wetherbe
TRANSCRIPT
Information Systems:Concepts, Trends, Issues
Ch 1-3
Turban, McLean, Wetherbe
Why Study Information Technology?
Moore’s Law:
Chip capacity doubles every 18 Months.
The Value of Technology
Electric Power Growth Trends
The Value of Technology
IT Growth Trends
Next Generation
Information
DATA: facts that are needed to operate a business.
INFORMATION: data organized into a form needed by an application.
INFORMATION SYSTEM: hardware, software and procedures that maintain data and convert it into usable information.
Information System An information system (IS) collects, processes, stores,
analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose. Like any other system, an information system includes inputs (data, instructions) and outputs (reports, calculations). It processes the inputs by using technology such as PCs and produces outputs that are sent to users or to other systems via electronic networks and a feedback mechanism that controls the operation.
Properties of Data
Accuracy Completeness Cost Flexibility Relevance
Granularity Timeliness Verifiability Value
Basics of the MIS Discipline
TechnologyComputing Telecommunications
DevelopmentData Process Network
ManagementOperations Strategy
Technology
Development
Management
Computer Based Information System
Hardware Software Data Network Procedures People
Hardware
Software
PeopleDataApplicationApplication
More than hardware More than hardware and software and software
Information System – Primary Purpose
Data» Elementary description of things, events, activities, and
transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored, but not organized to convey any specific meeting
Information» Data that has been organized so that they have meaning and
value to the recipient
Knowledge» Information that has been organized and processed to
convey understanding, experience and expertise as they apply to a current problem or activity
Collects data, processes it into information then converts information into knowledge for a specific purpose.
Information System - Classification By Support
Function
Operational Managers
Data Workers
Middle Managers
Senior MgrExecutive Support SystemExecutive Support System
Management Information SystemManagement Information System
Decision Support SystemDecision Support System
Intelligent Support SystemsIntelligent Support Systems
Knowledge Management SystemKnowledge Management System
Office Automation SystemOffice Automation System
Transaction Processing SystemTransaction Processing System
•5-year sales trend•Profit Planning•5-year budget forecasting•Product development
•Sales Management•Inventory Control•Annual budget•Production Scheduling•Cost Analysis•Pricing Analysis
•Simulation•Pgm coding•System support•Word Processing•Desktop Publishing
•Order Processing•Fulfillment•Material Movement•A/R, A/P, GL•Payroll•POS
Functions of an Information System
Collect
Process
StoreRetrieve
Analyze
Disseminate
= Type I
Type II =
Information Architectures
Type I SystemsTransaction based systems with many low
value operations
Type II SystemsDecision enhancing system with few high value
operations
Development Approaches
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Prototyping Purchasing Outsourcing
Competitive Environment
Global Economy
New Economics
Complex Environment
The Internet
Technology Environment