chapter 31 information technology for management 6 th edition turban, leidner, mclean, wetherbe...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 3 1
Chapter 3
Information Technology For Management 6th EditionTurban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
Lecture Slides by L. Beaubien, Providence College
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Data Management: Data, Databases and Warehousing
Chapter 3 2
Data Management
Difficulties with managing dataSolutions to managing data
Describe DBMS Describe Data Warehousing and Analytical Processing
Chapter 3 3
The Traditional Approach To Data Management
Chapter 3 4
Databases
A database is an organized logical grouping of related files.
Centralized databases - all the related files are located in one physical location
Distributed database Replicated database Partitioned database
Considerations Failure Access speed Maintaining consistency Security
Chapter 3 5
The Database Approach to Data Management- Database Management Systems (DBMS)
Chapter 3 6
Advantages of DBMS
Query ability (two types)ConcurrencyBackup and replicationRule enforcementSecurityComputation
Chapter 3 7
DBMS (cont’d)
DBMS provides the ability for many users to share and process data by providing twoviews of the database Physical view Logical view
DBMS Languages DDL DML
Chapter 3 8
Data Life Cycle Process
Chapter 3 9
Transactional vs. Analytical Data Processing
Transactional processing takes place in operational systems (TPS) that provide the organization with the capability to perform business transactions and produce transaction reports. The data are organized mainly in a hierarchical structure and are centrally processed. This is done primarily for fast and efficient processing of routine, repetitive data.
Supplementary activity to transaction processing is called analytical processing, which involves the analysis of accumulated data. Analytical processing, sometimes referred to as business intelligence, includes data mining, decision support systems (DSS), querying, and other analysis activities. These analyses place strategic information in the hands of decision makers to enhance productivity and make better decisions, leading to greater competitive advantage.
Chapter 3 10
Forms for Modeling Data (ERD)
Business Processes
Entities (for which data is collected)
Attributes (characteristics of an entity)
Relations
Chapter 3 11
Relational Models
Describe data using a standard tabular format with all data elements placed in two-dimensional tables.
Chapter 3 12
Hierarchy of Data
Chapter 3 13
The Hierarchy of Data
Chapter 3 14
Advantages of the Database Approach
Chapter 3 15
Data ModelingKey Considerations
Content – What data should be collected, and at what cost?
Access – What data should be provided to which users and when?
Logical structure – How should data be arranged so it makes sense to a given user?
Physical organization – Where should data be physically located?
Chapter 3 16
Data Warehouse
DW is a repository of data that are organized to be readily acceptable for analytical processing activities (DSS, querying, data mining)
Organization Standardization of data Relational Delivery of DWH content to users on the intranet and
extranet (online banking) Not all data are necessarily transferred to data
warehouse Three tier vs two tier architecture
Chapter 3 17
The Data Warehouse & Data Management
Chapter 3 18
Web-based Data Management Systems – content and information
Chapter 3 19
Data warehousing is most appropriate when Large amounts of data to be accessed The operational data is stored i different
systems Large number of users (AT&T) Extensive end-user computing
Chapter 3 20
Datamarts
The high cost o DWH confines their use to large companies
A datamart is a small warehouse designed for a department
Two types Dependent Standalone