initial environmental examination (iee) · 2020. 3. 16. · initial environmental examination (iee)...

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

Project Number: 51011-003 March 2020

Tajikistan: Skills and Employability Enhancement Project

Prepared by the Ministry of Labor, Migration and Employment for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 16 March 2020)

Currency unit - Tajikistan Somoni

TJS1.00 = $0.10289

$1.00 = TJS9.71850

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ADB Asian Development Bank AH affected household AP affected person BOQ bill of quantities CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CEP Committee for Environmental Protection CESCD Committee for Emergency Situations and

Civil Defense CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CLMG Committee on Land Management and Geodesy DED detailed engineering design DEP Departments of Environmental Protection DSC Design and Supervision Consultant EA executing agency EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EHS environment, health, and safety EIA environmental impact assessment EMP environmental management plan EPL Environmental Protection Law ESS Environmental Safeguards Specialist FA Forestry Agency GBAO Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region GDP gross domestic product GOST State Standard of the Soviet Union GOT Government of Tajikistan GRC Grievance Redress Committee GRM grievance redress mechanism IA Implementing Agency ICT information and communication technology IEE initial environmental examination IFC International Finance Corporation ILO International Labor Organization IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature IT information technology LGRC Local Grievance Redress Committee MOA Ministry of Agriculture MOE Ministry of Education MOH Ministry of Health MOHSPP Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the

Republic of Tajikistan MOLME Ministry of Labour, Migration, and Employment

MPE maximum permissible emission MSDS material safety data sheet NES National Environment Specialist NGDC National Geophysical Data Center NGO nongovernment organization NGRC National Grievance Redress Committee PAG Project Administration Group PAP project affected people PM particulate matter POP persistent organic pollutants PPE personnel protective clothing and equipment PSC Project Steering Committee QPR Quarterly Progress Report REA rapid environmental assessment ROW right of way RP Resettlement Plan SCE State Committee for Environment SDCES Sustainable Development and Environmental Safeguards SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SEE state ecological expertise SEEP Skills and Employability Enhancement Project SFPA State Fire Prevention Agency SPS Safeguards Policy Statement SSEMP Site-Specific Environmental Management Plan SUE State Unitary Enterprise TRTA transaction technical assistance VER valued environmental receptor VOC volatile organic compounds WB World Bank

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha hectare m meter km kilometer l/s liters per second masl meters above sea level mm millimeter oC degree Centigrade dBA decibel mg/l milligram per liter

NOTE

In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This initial environmental examination (IEE) is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Executive Summary I

INTRODUCTION 1

A. Job Centers 5 B. Migration Service Centers 47

POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 75

A. ADB’s Environmental Safeguards Policies 75 B. Legal and Institutional Framework for Environmental Management, Health, and Safety in Tajikistan 75

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 92

A. Existing Conditions at the Country Level 92 B. Existing Environmental Conditions in the Subproject Areas 108

SCOPING AND SCREENING 118

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 119

A. Identification of Valued Environmental Receptors 119 B. Determination of Impacts due to Project Activities and Severity of Impact 119 C. Determination of Significance of Impact on the VER 120 D. Residual Significant Effects 167 E. Anticipated Benefits from the Project 167

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 167

A. Alternatives 167 B. “No Project” Alternative 169

GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 169

A. Grievance Channels (Framework) 169 B. Type of Grievances 170 C. Time Frame 170 D. Grievance Redress Mechanism 170

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING 173

A. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 173 B. Reporting 182 C. Environmental Monitoring 182 D. Environmental Management and Monitoring Costs 183 E. Institutional Arrangements for Environmental Management and Monitoring 184

INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION 185

A. Consultations and Information Disclosure during Project Design 185 B. Information Disclosure 186

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 186

ANNEXES

1. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 188 2. Letter of Permission to Utilize Land 200 3. Sample of the GRC Grievance Registration Form 208 4. Template of Project Environmental Safeguards Monitoring Report 209 5. Summary of Public Consultations 219

LIST OF TABLES

1. Location of the Centers and Main Service Sectors 4 2. Facility and Classroom Usage Plan 5 3. Selected Occupations by City (District) and Sector for Job Centers 6 4. Overview of Main Rooms in the Rogun Job Center 7 6. Overview of Main Rooms in the Dangara Job Center 19 7. Overview of Main Rooms in the Dushanbe Job and Migration Service Center 33 8. Pre-departure Services to be Provided by Migration Service Centers 47 9. Overview of Main Rooms of Migration Service Centers 48 10. Relevant Environment, Health, and Safety Laws In Tajikistan 76 11. Ambient Air Quality Standards 81 12. Water Quality Standards 82 13. Noise Standards 85 14. National Standards Applicable to the Project 87 15. Relevant International Environmental Conventions 91 16. Major Earthquakes in Tajikistan from 1907-2015 94 17. Seismic Coefficients of the Surveyed Sites 95 18. Standard Freezing Depth (Snip 131.13330, 2012) 96 19. Wind Direction of the Cardinal Points and Average Wind Speed 98 20. Average Temperature and Precipitation in Rogun 108 21. Average Temperature and Precipitation in Dangara 109 22. Average Temperature and Precipitation in Dushanbe 111 23. Average Temperature and Precipitation in Bokhtar 113 24. Average Temperature and Precipitation in Vose 115 25. Average Temperature and Precipitation in Khujand 117 26. Matrix for Determining the Significance of Environmental Impacts 120 27. Results of Impact Assessment, Rogun City Job Center 121 28. Results of Impact Assessment, Dangara District Job Center 127 29. Results of Impact Assessment, Dushanbe City Job And Migration Services Center 132 30. Results of Impact Assessment, Bokhtar City Migration Services Center 140 31. Results of Impact Assessment, Vose District Migration Services Center 150 32. Results of Impact Assessment, Khujand City Migration Services Center 158 33. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan 174 34. Environmental Monitoring Plan 182 35. Total Budget for EMP Implementation 183 36. Estimated Costs for the Establishment o Mitigating Measures 184 37. Estimated Cost for the Conduct of Regular Environmental Monitoring 184

LIST OF FIGURES

1. Map of Tajikistan Showing the Location of the Six Project Sites 3 2. Satellite Image of the Location of the Rogun City Job Center 9 3. Location Map of Rogun City Job Center Subproject 10 4. Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Rogun City Job Center 11 5. Layout Plan of the Proposed Rogun City Job Center 14 6. Development Plan of the Proposed Rogun City Job Center 16 7. Satellite Image of the Location of Dangara Job Center 22

8. Location Map of Dangara District Job Center 23 9. Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Dangara District Job Center 24 10. Layout Plan for the Dangara District Job Center 27 11. Development Plan for the Proposed Dangara District Job Center 28 12. Satellite Image of the Location of the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center 37 13. Location Map of the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center 39 14. Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center 40 15. Layout Plan for the Dushanbe Job and Migration Service Center 42 16a. Development Plan for the Proposed Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center, Basement Floor and 2nd Floor 44 16b. Development Plan for the Proposed Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center, 3rd Floor and 4th Floor 45 17. Satellite Image of the Location of Bokhtar City 51 18. Location Map of Bokhtar City Migration Service Center Subproject 52 19. Proposed Site of the Proposed Bokhtar City Migration Service Center 53 20. Proposed Layout, Bokhtar City Migration Service Center 55 21. Development Plan for the Proposed Bokhtar City Migration Service Center 56 22 Satellite Image of the Location of the Vose District Migration Service Center 59 23. Location Map of the Proposed Vose District Migration Service Center 60 24. Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Vose District Migration Service Center

(37°48'9.31"N & 69°38'26.17"E) 61 25. Layout Plan for the Vose District Migration Service Center 64 26. Development Plan for the Proposed Vose District Migration Service Center 65 27. Satellite Image of the Location of the Proposed Khujand City Migration Service Center 68 28. Location Map of the Proposed Khujand City Migration Service Center 69 29. Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Khujand City Migration Service Center 70 30. Proposed Layout Plan for the Khujand City Migration Service Center 72 31. Development Plan for the Proposed Khujand City Migration Service Center 73 32. Elevation Map of Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 93 33. Seismic Map of Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 95 34. Soil Map of Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 96 35. Climatological Map of Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 99 36. Average Annual Temperature Map of Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 100 37. Mean Annual Precipitation in Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 101 38. River Basins in Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 103 39. River Network in Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 104 40. Distribution Map of Rare Mammals in Tajikistan Showing the Subproject Locations 105 41. Age Pyramid of Tajikistan 106 42. Flow Chart of the Grievance Redress Mechanism 172

LIST OF PLATES

1. Existing Conditions at the Proposed Site of the Rogun City Job Center 13 2. Existing Conditions at the Proposed Job Center in Dangara District 26 3. Existing Conditions at the Proposed Site of the Dushanbe City Subproject 41 4. Existing Conditions at the Proposed Bokhtar City Migration Service Center 54 5. Existing Conditions at the Proposed Site of the Vose Subproject 63

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Introduction

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved a Transaction Technical Assistance (TRTA) to the Government of Tajikistan (GOT) for the preparation of the proposed Skills and Employability Enhancement Project (SEEP), which will aim at improving the skills and employability of youth and women for both the domestic and overseas labor markets.

The impact of the proposed project will be “productive employment expanded in line with the National Development Strategy 2030.” Its outcome will be skills and employability of youth, women, and labor migrants for both the domestic and overseas labor market improved. The investment project will have three outputs: (i) Output 1: More inclusive and targeted migration support provided; (ii) Output 2: Access to and relevance of public employment services improved; and (iii) Output 3: Planning and management of migration and employment services strengthened. The project will target the tourism, agriculture, and energy sectors, which were selected based on an analysis of the economic sectors in Tajikistan with the greatest potential for increased productivity (agriculture) or the greatest potential for growth (tourism and energy). The project will construct three new Job Centers in Dushanbe (tourism), Dangara (agriculture), and Rogun (energy) and three new Migration Service Centers in Khujand, Bokhtar, and Vose, with a fourth center within the proposed Dushanbe Job Center.

The Job Centers will provide training on occupations which are in high demand. The trainings will be designed for a shorter period than conventional training and will be intended for job seekers (youth, disadvantaged, and females) who do not want or are not able to attend longer training sessions. The exact duration of training will depend on the occupation, although it is anticipated to range from one to six months. Training will be responsive to local labor market needs and provide practical on-the-job experience. The specific occupations were selected based on greatest employment opportunities in the given locations. It is intended that all clients of the Job Centers are given training in information and communication technology (ICT) to increase productivity of the job seekers. Jobseekers will gain rudimentary training on the use of the Internet, Word, and Excel. There could be modules at different levels depending on the client’s prior knowledge and interest.

The Migration Service Centers will provide pre-departure services to potential migrants as well as short-term vocational training for occupations in the construction sector. The Pre-employment Training Program will involve short-term vocational skills training for occupations in the construction industry. This training is designed to give potential migrants entry-level skills that will enhance the possibility of a labor migrant to find a higher paying job. The following occupations were selected based on inputs from sector specialists and feasibility of training in the occupation: (i) plasterer; (ii) welder; and (iii) electrician helper. The centers will also offer ICT orientation to clients.

The project will be implemented by the Ministry of Labor, Migration, and Employment (MOLME) as the project executing agency (EA). The Project Administration Group (PAG) established under MOLME will be the implementing agency (IA). The PAG will undertake procurement and administer contracts. MOLME will nominate candidates for the position of PAG Manager, who will monitor and guide day-to-day implementation. The PAG Manager and key staff will be selected through a competitive procedure and financed by the project under the recurrent cost category. A project steering committee (PSC) will be set up to provide overall guidance on project implementation.

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The project was classified as Category B for Environment using the rapid environmental assessment (REA) checklist. Thus, an initial environmental examination (IEE) of the proposed physical facilities was prepared according to: (i) ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and Access to Information Policy (AIP, 2018); (ii) International Finance Corporation (IFC)-World Bank (WB) Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines; (iii) the Tajik Government’s Environmental Protection Law (EPL) No. 208 of 2011 and other applicable GOT environment laws, rules, and regulations. The potential impacts of the project were analyzed, and mitigation measures identified following site visits to the locations of the subproject component facilities and impact area in September 2019. The visits included an assessment of the proposed sites as well as discussions with local government officials and village representatives. The IEE confirmed that the project is Category B for Environment. The IEE will be updated during the detailed engineering design (DED) phase to consider the updated design and configuration of the project.

B. Environmental Policy, Legal, and Administrative Framework

1. ADB’s Environmental Safeguards Policies

The environment safeguards requirements of ADB are presented in the Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) (2009) and the Access to Information Policy (AIP) (2018). The SPS (2009) governs the environmental and social safeguards of ADB’s operations. When a project has been identified for ADB financing, it is screened and categorized to determine the following: (i) significance of potential impacts or risks of the project to the environment; (ii) level of assessment and institutional resources required to address the safeguard issues; and (iii) information disclosure and consultation requirements. As mentioned earlier, the project has been classified as Category B for Environment using the REA checklist, and this categorization has been confirmed by this IEE.

2. Legal and Institutional Framework for Environmental Management in Tajikistan

Legal and regulatory framework. Tajikistan has a well-developed environmental legal and regulatory framework. Current environmental legislation in Tajikistan includes statutory acts and laws on the following topics:

• Protection of the environment; • Ecological audit and monitoring; • Protection of flora and fauna; • Environmental information and education; • Soil, water and air quality; • Biological safety; • Human health and safety; and • Waste and chemicals management.

Institutional framework. At the central level, various government agencies have

environmental and social roles and responsibilities: These include the following:

• MOLME: responsible for developing and implementing policies relating to employment, labor issues, and migration practices;

• Ministry of Health (MOH): responsible for development and implementation of policy, regulations, and norms related to public health;

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• Committee of Women and Family Affairs: responsible for gender issues and realization of family orientated policy;

• Architecture and Construction Committee: responsible for technical advice in relation to water supply and sewage systems, including construction and design standards, contract standards and rules, and regulation of project and construction activities;

• Tajik GOST Standard: responsible for drinking water quality standards; • State Statistical Committee: responsible for collecting, filing and delivering data on

drinking water supply and sanitation; • Committee for Environment Protection (CEP): executive body responsible for

environmental protection and sustainable use of natural resources including water.

At the local level, environmental responsibilities are organized in two levels:

• Hukumat: municipality/local state administration. Each Hukumat is headed by a chairperson appointed as a local representative of the President in the implementation national policy and administration of State services and regulations.

• Jamoat: local self-government. A Jamoat covers a smaller administrative area than a hukumat. The Jamoat is responsible to organize community-based delivery of some basic public services. The Jamoat has no budgeting authority and has a very limited independent role.

C. Description of the Environment

1. Physical Resources

Topography and geology. Mountains occupy around 93% of Tajikistan. The main elements of Tajik geography are the following: the Kuramin Mountain Range and the Mogoltau Mountains, Fergana Depression, Hissar-Alai Mountains (the South Tian Shan), the depressed area in southwestern Tajikistan (Tajik depression), and Pamir. Altitudes range from 300-7,495 meters above sea level (masl). The modern relief of Tajikistan is the result of activities of alpine tectonic movements of the earth surface as well as the denudation process. The majority of the country’s plain territories are the broad areas of river valleys or the vast depressions between the mountains. Most of the country’s population is concentrated in these particular areas along with the main fields of industrial production and agricultural potential of the county.

Tajikistan is located near the border between the Eurasian and the Indian plates, a region where relatively large earthquakes occur. It is a country of intense tectonic movements and high seismicity. According to records of the International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, there have been seven earthquakes with a magnitude of over 6.5 with epicenter in Tajikistan since 1900.

Tajikistan is a region of high seismic activity. Scientists at the Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology of the Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan have compiled a map of the seismic hazard of Tajikistan. The map was created on the basis of the accumulated database of geological, seismological, and cartographic material in the format of the Geographic Information System (GIS). It contains catalogs of earthquakes in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. In addition, the map describes the characteristics of seismic generating zones and reports on the latest tectonics of Tajikistan.

The main task of designing buildings and structures in earthquake-prone areas is to ensure their normal operation for frequent earthquakes in Tajikistan. Current Construction

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Standards and Regulations (SNiP) in Tajikistan operate with one conditional calculation. The reinforcement of structures in accordance with this calculation will ensure the absence of damage during frequent earthquakes.

Average seismological conditions suggest situational seismicity of 8 and 9 points. This will be taken into account during the detailed design stage of the project. In the meantime, at this stage of project development, the Civil Works team considered anti-seismic measures for the unit cost of construction of three job centers and three migration centers.

Soils. As a typical alpine country, Tajikistan has vertical variability of soil cover. Three major vertical belts of soil distribution can be found in the country: (i) gray soils of valleys and idle fields; (ii) brown soils of middle belts of mountains; and (iii) soils of highlands. There is a distinguished gradient from the more humid northern part to the very dry southern part. The soils in the northern part are highly productive, with much of the area used for agriculture. In contrast, agricultural is only possible in the dry southern part when soils are irrigated. Soil erosion is a major environmental concern throughout the country due to seismic activity, steep slopes, the fragility of soils, and human activities such as inappropriate livestock management, the removal of protective vegetative cover, and poor water management practices.

Hydrology. The rivers of Tajikistan are important sources of fresh water for the Aral Sea. The glaciers and permanent snow feed the rivers of the Aral Sea basin with over 13 cu km of water a year. The major rivers are: (i) Syr Darya with a total length of 2,400 km, which flows for 195 km across the Fergana Valley in the north; (ii) Zaravshan, which runs through central Tajikistan; and (iii) Kafirnigan, Vakhsh, and Panj rivers, all of which together drain more than 75% of Tajikistan’s territory. Groundwater reserves are extensive in the Gissar valley. Aquifers are located at depths of 5-40 m, generally deeper around the project area.

Air quality. The main stationary sources of air pollution in Tajikistan are mining, metallurgy, chemical industries, buildings, mechanical processing, light industries, heat and power generation, and agriculture. However, in general, no industrial stationary sources of atmospheric air pollution are located within the subproject sites.

Wind. Tajikistan is characterized as having few strong winds from large-scale lows, such as typhoons, although there are relatively many seasonal winds with dust. The wind speed is similar to that in South Asia at about 40 m/sec (mps).

Climate. Tajikistan has three major climate zones: continental, subtropical, and semi-arid, with some desert areas. The climate changes drastically according to elevation, however. The location of the country in the middle of Eurasia, its remoteness from oceans and seas, and proximity to deserts predefine its climate, which can be characterized as continental, with considerable seasonal and daily fluctuations in temperature and humidity. The climate in the central and southwest regions of Tajikistan is characterized by rather hot summers and mild winters. The cold period lasts for 90-120 days, and the warm period, 235-275 days. Of the annual precipitation, 75-85% occurs from December to May. The country‘s very complicated relief structure, with huge variations in elevation, creates unique local climates with great temperature differences. The country's capital, Dushanbe, and Khatlon province, are classified as having a continental climate, where it is hot and dry from June to September in the plains with a maximum temperature exceeding 35˚C. On the other hand, snow is observed from December to February with minimum temperatures below 0˚C.

2. Ecological Resources

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While Tajikistan is home to a wide diversity of animals, birds, vegetation, and habitats, biodiversity in the subproject areas is low as the subprojects are located in urbanized areas. No important, rare, endangered, or protected species or critical habitats are found in the subproject sites. Urban vegetation includes ornamental trees and shrubs (e.g., sycamore, elm, plain trees, ligustigum, maple, poplar, pine, microbiota spp., cedar, Chinese rose, Russian silverberry, etc.) and orchard/garden fruit-bearing species (e.g., mulberry, apple, fig, apricot, cherry, walnut, pomegranate, grape, Pontic hawthorn, Albert’s pearl bush, and dog rose). No protected or biodiversity-rich areas exist within the vicinity of the subproject areas.

3. Socioeconomic and Cultural Resources

Population. In 2019, Tajikistan’s population was estimated at 9.12 million people, with a large population of young people up to the early 30s. The population growth rate is 2.19% per year. The average density is 64.5 people per sq km, but the population is concentrated heavily in the western, southwestern, and northwestern regions. The level of poverty is quite high in the rural areas. In 2009, the poverty headcount ratio living on US$1.25 per day was 6.6%, as determined by the World Bank’s atlas method.

Economy. The Tajik economy is developing rather slowly compared to its neighboring Central Asian countries. The economy is dominated by minerals extraction, metals processing, agriculture, and strongly relies on remittances from citizens working abroad, which accounts for almost 50% of the gross domestic product (GDP). In recent years, the service sector developed at the expense of the industrial sector, whereas the agricultural sector has asserted its position. The poor business climate prevents attracting foreign investment in Tajikistan. Despite the moderate development of Dushanbe's service sector, there is still a lack of attractive job opportunities. Thus, the qualified work force often prefers working abroad, slowing down economic development even more.

Health and education. Health indicators, such as infant and maternal mortality rates, are among the highest in the former Soviet republics. In the post-Soviet era, life expectancy decreased as a result of poor nutrition, polluted water supplies, and increased incidence of cholera, malaria, tuberculosis, and typhoid. The leading causes of death are cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders, and infectious and parasitic diseases. The health care system has deteriorated and receives insufficient funding and sanitation, and water supply systems are in decline, resulting in a high risk of epidemics.

School attendance is mandatory between the ages of 7 and 17, but many children fail to attend because of economic needs and, in some regions, security concerns. Tajikistan’s education system suffers from poor infrastructure and an acute shortage of teachers at all levels. This will become more acute because of the relatively high birth rate. The official literacy rate is 98%, but the poor quality of education since 1991 has reduced skills in the younger generations.

Historical and archaeological areas of significance. Tajikistan has a rich cultural heritage. Archaeologists have found evidence of settlements in the regions dating more than 2,000 years old. However, there are no historically or archaeologically significant sites within the subproject areas, although the protocol defined in ADB’s SPS (2009) will be triggered when there are chance finds of items of archaeological and historical significance. While there are no known archaeological, heritage or cultural sites within the subproject locations, “chance discoveries” are possible. Thus, the Contractor shall be responsible for such discoveries and must immediately discontinue work where these sites have been discovered. The Contractor shall also advise the Construction Supervision Consultants and PAG and carry out appropriate measures provided in

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the “Chance Finds Protocol,” that the Contractor shall formulate prior to commencement of work. The Contractor shall strictly follow this protocol during the pre-construction and construction phases. MOLME will arrange to have the site evaluated. Depending on the results of the evaluation of the discovered archeological sites, the Contractor shall be advised whether to resume work on the site or not.

D. Environmental Impacts

1. Benefits of the Subprojects

There are expected beneficial impacts on the target beneficiaries in the form of their improved skills, technical capabilities, and well-being, which will result from the construction and establishment of the proposed Job and Migration Service Centers. Quantifiable benefits will be generated from: (i) increased remittances made by migrant workers from abroad; and (ii) increased future income-generating capacity of employed job center graduates in domestic jobs, resulting from the enhanced quality and relevance of technical education and training.

2. Adverse Environmental Impacts

In general, the subproject benefits outweigh the anticipated adverse environmental impacts, which are mostly minor, reversible, short-term (as they are expected to occur during the construction phase), and could be mitigated through the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures.

a. Environmental Impacts Related to Location

Impact on land acquisition and community assets. There will be no acquisition of land required for the development of the subproject component facilities and for the temporary use of land or loss or damage to assets during project implementation.

Impact on natural resources and protected areas. The proposed subprojects will be located in urban areas, far from protected areas or biodiversity-rich areas.

Impact on historical and archaeological sites. There are no historical or archaeological sites within or near the proposed subproject areas.

b. Environmental Impacts during Construction

Most of the anticipated impacts are related to nuisances, which may occur during the construction of the subproject components, such as temporary disruption of access and community facilities, noise, and release of dust and pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which is summarized in Section 9, includes mitigating measures and will be included as part of the bidding and contract documents. The effective implementation of the EMP will reduce these risks to an acceptable level.

Temporary disruption of community roads, pathways, and access to properties. During excavation, temporary disruption of access to residential and commercial establishments, schools, and community facilities is not projected to occur. As a mitigation measure, temporary access to houses and other establishments will be built using sturdy materials. The contractor will restore any damaged sections to properties and will be required to provide warning signs and barriers/fence at work sites. Information boards will be posted to inform the community about the temporary closure of roads, the schedule of works, and the traffic rerouting plan. During nighttime,

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the excavated area should be covered with plates and provided with adequate lighting to warn villagers about the open excavation. Following the completion of works, any damaged road and path sections will be restored to their original condition by the contractor.

Air pollution. The main sources of air pollution are operation of machines, excavation works, and materials and equipment transport. An increase in dust concentration near the construction areas is expected within about 50 m around the project sites. Winds may carry soil particles to nearby areas, if no preventive measures are applied. The contractor will be required to implement measures to control air emissions and dust from the affected sensitive receptors like residential areas, schools, clinics, and offices.

Noise. The operation of equipment may cause noise levels to rise and be a nuisance to residents of nearby residential houses and commercial buildings. There may also be a need to utilize diesel generators during the construction period. Noise levels may reach 88 decibels (dBA) at a distance of about 15 m from the source or operation of construction equipment. Along roads used for materials transport, the average noise level will also rise because of increased truck traffic. To avoid noise nuisance, construction operations will only take place during daytime hours, from 0700-1800H.

Impact of borrow materials. The construction of all project components, including access roads, will require materials, specifically sand and aggregates. The contractor will be required to secure these materials from government-permitted/licensed suppliers.

Clearing of vegetation. Vegetation cover at the proposed site will have to be removed during construction. However, the impact of vegetation clearing will be minimal because the current vegetation cover at these sites only consists of bushes, shrubs, and trees with no economic value and limited ecological value.

Sediment runoff. When construction activities, particularly earthworks, are undertaken during the rainy season, sediments may erode and cause the runoff of silt into the river. To minimize the impacts of soil runoff, the contractor will be required to implement proper measures, such as the provision of silt traps, ditches, and sump pits to block the flow of silt into irrigation canals and the river. In addition, earthworks will be scheduled during the dry season, to the extent practicable, to avoid silt runoff.

Domestic wastewater from workers’ camp. If domestic wastewater is disposed untreated, the wastewater could lead to the contamination of surface and groundwater and lead to the spread of waterborne diseases. Therefore, appropriate wastewater management measures should be implemented during the construction phase to prevent sanitation problems through the provision of adequate water supply and latrines at the workers’ camp.

Generation of construction wastes. The construction of the proposed center will require earthworks and levelling of the area. The excavated material will be utilized to backfill the areas that need to be filled in and elevated. Excavated material from the foundation of the center will be utilized to backfill other work sites, where required.

Domestic solid waste at the construction camp is not anticipated to be of a significant volume because only small temporary camps will be provided at the sites. However, proper waste disposal methods should be employed to avoid pollution of land and adjacent water resources. Solid waste will be collected and properly disposed in the local disposal site of the city or district.

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Hazardous wastes, such as paint containers and solvents and spent batteries, are generated by construction activities. Although the quantities are anticipated to be minimal, this type of waste is detrimental to the environment and public health and, as such, will be segregated from the general solid waste, collected and disposed for appropriate treatment.

Occupational health and safety. The contractor, through a site safety plan, will address hazards during civil works. The contractor will be required to appoint a safety supervisor who will ensure that safety measures during civil works are implemented. These safety measures include the use of personnel protective clothing and equipment (PPE), installation of the requisite hazard warning signs, and excavation covers and barriers. Arrangements for prompt medical attention in the event of accidents will also be made. The contractor will be required to: (i) undertake priority hiring of qualified construction workers from the villages; (ii) consult with local people to avoid conflict if migrant workers will be brought to the site; (iii) install suitable toilets, such as pit latrines and gray water drainage facilities like soakage pits; (iv) arrange for the proper disposal of solid wastes; (v) brief the workers and villagers on the dangers of communicable diseases; and (vi) assign a senior member of his staff to be responsible for the workers and local people’s welfare.

E. Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation

Consultations were conducted by the TRTA consultants with the local government officials and some stakeholders during their site visits in September 2019. During these consultations, the local stakeholders articulated their suggestions, opinions, and concerns regarding the subproject. There were a few questions related to the environment, and the primary feedback from the consultations was highly favorable toward the project, with no dissent registered. All comments received will be considered in the final design of the project. More intensive consultations will be undertaken during the preparation of the DED of the subproject.

F. Grievance Redress Mechanism

Grievance channels. The mechanism to address any grievances on environmental safeguards issues is the same as that designed to address grievances related to land acquisition and compensation. The objective of the GRM is to resolve complaints as quickly as possible at the local level through a process of conciliation, and if that is not possible, to provide clear and transparent procedures for appeal. All affected persons (APs) will be made fully aware of their rights, and the detailed grievance redress procedures will be publicized through an effective public information campaign. An aggrieved AP or affected household (AH) will be free from any fees in connection with the lodging and resolution of complaints, as the costs wi ll be borne by MOLME and the appointed contractors.

Type of grievances. Complainants are entitled to lodge complaints regarding any aspect of the project. Any AP will be able to submit a grievance if he/she believes that a practice has a detrimental impact on the community, the environment, or on his/her quality of life. Eligible grievances or complaints include:

• Negative impacts on a person or a community (e.g., financial loss such as from loss of water, roadside trees; health and safety issues; nuisances, etc.);

• Dangers to health and safety or pollution of the environment; • Hazards due to construction activities (e.g., noise, dust, disruption of access, etc.); • Impacts on social infrastructure;

ix

• Failure to comply with standards or legal obligations; • Improper conduct or unethical behavior of contractor leading to nuisance of APs; • Misuse of funds and other irregularities; • Grievances due to land acquisition, resettlement, compensation, relocation, and

unaddressed losses; and • Complaints related to gender issues.

G. Environmental Management Plan

An EMP has been prepared for implementation during the pre-construction, construction, and operational phases of the proposed project. The EMP also outlines the institutional responsibilities and management arrangements to ensure effective implementation and monitoring of mitigation measures. Throughout the construction period, the contractor will submit monthly environmental compliance progress reports to MOLME with a copy to the PAG. The contractor should be able to highlight the summary of the progress of construction activities undertaken to implement the measures outlined in the EMP, record any community complaints received, and how the complaint was eventually resolved.

While there are no known archaeological, heritage or cultural sites within the subproject locations, “chance discoveries” are possible. In this case, the Contractor shall be responsible for such discoveries and must immediately discontinue work where these sites have been discovered. The Contractor shall also advise the Construction Supervision Consultants and PAG and carry out appropriate measures provided in the “Chance Finds Protocol,” which will be formulated by the Contractor prior to commencement of work. The Contractor shall strictly follow this protocol during the pre-construction and construction phases. MOLME will arrange to have the site evaluated. Depending on the results of the evaluation of the discovered archeological sites, the Contractor shall be advised whether to resume work on the site or not.

MOLME will consolidate the results of the monthly environmental monitoring through a quarterly progress report (QPR) to be submitted to the PAG. The QPR will (i) summarize the significant findings and measures undertaken to address identified adverse environmental impacts during the works, (ii) discuss any unanticipated environmental impacts encountered during the subject monitoring period, and (iii) recommend remedial actions to address these unanticipated environmental impacts. The PAG will consolidate the information from the QPRs and compile and submit semi-annual integrated safeguards monitoring reports to ADB. The implementation of the EMP during the operational phase of the subproject will be undertaken by MOLME, with verification by the PAG, who will report to ADB the project’s adherence to the EMP, information on project implementation, and environmental compliance through semi-annual integrated safeguards monitoring reports.

H. Conclusion and Recommendations

An IEE of the six proposed subprojects (Rogun City Job Center, Dangara District Job Center, Dushanbe Job and Migration Service Center, Bokhtar City Migration Service Center, Vose District Migration Service Center, and Khujand Migration Service Center) was undertaken to determine the environmental issues and concerns associated with the proposed project. The assessment confirmed the SEEP’s classification as Category B for Environment based on ADB’s SPS (2009).

Most of the environmental impacts are anticipated to occur during the construction phase. These impacts are not expected to cause irreversible and significant adverse environmental

x

damage and are easily controllable by appropriate and conventional mitigation measures. Based on the assessment of environmental impacts, the anticipated adverse impacts during project implementation are related to nuisances, which may occur during the construction of the subproject components, such as temporary alienation of access, temporary disruption of community facilities, noise, sediment runoff, release of dust, and engine gas emissions. Recommendations formulated in the EMP, its inclusion in the civil works contracts, and an effective inspection of construction sites will reduce these risks to an acceptable level.

Environmental mitigation measures have been designed as outlined in the subproject EMPs to address any adverse impacts during the various phases of project implementation. The EMP also presents the institutional responsibilities for implementing the mitigation measures. All subproject activities will be managed, as provided in the EMP, prior to construction, during construction, and during operation, and the contractor’s compliance and implementation of the mitigation measures will be monitored by PAG with support from national consultants.

No further environmental assessment is required given the adequacy of information collected during the IEE conducted during the TRTA.

INTRODUCTION

1. The Government of Tajikistan (GOT) with the assistance of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), has proposed to implement the Skills and Employability Enhancement Project (SEEP), which will support youth and women who seek job opportunities in the domestic labor market and Tajik people who seek job opportunities in overseas labor markets. The project will aim at improving the skills and employability of youth and women for both the domestic and overseas labor markets.

2. The proposed investment project will target the tourism, agriculture, and energy sectors. These sectors were selected based on an analysis of which sectors in Tajikistan had the greatest potential for increased productivity (agriculture) or the greatest potential for growth (tourism and energy). The project will construct three Job Centers in Dushanbe (tourism), Dangara (agriculture), and Rogun (energy). These sites were selected based on a careful analysis of economic growth potential and the need for job creation. The areas chosen have a focus on the selected sectors, which will facilitate close liaison with labor market demand and take advantage of possible participation by industry. The project will also construct three new Migration Service Centers in Khujand, Bokhtar, and Vose, with a fourth center within the proposed Dushanbe Job Center. These were selected based on areas with the greatest number of workers seeking overseas employment and their higher poverty incidence. In 2018, a total of 56,114 migrant laborers went abroad from these four areas. 3. Following the results of the rapid environmental assessment (REA) using a checklist (Annex 1), the project was classified as Category B for Environment. Thus, this initial environmental examination (IEE) of the proposed physical facilities was prepared according to: (i) ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and Access to Information Policy (AIP, 2018); (ii) International Finance Corporation (IFC)-World Bank (WB) Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines; (iii) the Tajik Government’s Environmental Protection Law (EPL) No. 208 of 2011 and other applicable GOT environment laws, rules, and regulations. The potential impacts of the project were analyzed, and mitigation measures identified following site visits to the locations of the subproject component facilities and impact area in September 2019. The visits included an assessment of the proposed sites as well as discussions with local government officials and village representatives. The IEE confirmed that the project is Category B for Environment. The IEE will be updated during the DED phase to consider the updated design and configuration of the project. 4. This IEE Report is organized into the following sections:

• Introduction (this section); • Project description, including project locations (Section II); • Policy, legal, and administrative framework (Section III); • Description of existing conditions at each project site, including valued environmental

receptors (VERs) within each site (Section IV); • Screening and scoping (Section V); • Impact assessment and mitigation (Section VI); • Analysis of alternatives (Section VII); • Grievance redress mechanism (GRM) (Section VIII); • Environmental management and monitoring (Section IX); • Information disclosure, consultation and participation (Section X); and • Conclusions and recommendations (Section XI).

2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

5. Impact, Outcome, and Outputs. The proposed project is aligned with the following impact: productive employment expanded in line with the National Development Strategy 2030. The project will have three outputs: (i) Output 1: More inclusive and targeted migration support provided; (ii) Output 2: Access to and relevance of public employment services enhanced; and (iii) Output 3: Planning and management of migration and employment services strengthened. The key activities under each of these outputs are listed below.

(i) Output 1: More inclusive and targeted migration support provided:

• New Migration Service Centers for job seekers in overseas labor market and migrant returnees established and equipped;

• More comprehensive pre-departure orientation program to enhance the living conditions of migrants provided;

• New pre-employment training program to help the migrants find better jobs developed;

• Financial literary and basic IT communication skills training for safe remittance transmission and better access to social welfare information provided;

• Behavior change initiatives for migrants and migrant families piloted; and • New job counseling services for returning migrants and banned migrations

provided.

(ii) Output 2: Access to and relevance of public employment services improved:

• New model Job Centers that will provide job seekers with competency-based short-term training established and equipped;

• Childcare centers provided and stipend program for female job seekers piloted;

• Soft skills training targeting conscientiousness and agreeableness provided; • Job counseling services using information technology (IT) tools provided; and • Information and communication technology (ICT) skills and knowledge of Job

Center graduates improved to enhance their productivity.

(iii) Output 3: Planning and management of migration and employment services strengthened:

• ILO ISCO08 introduced and used for the labor market database; • Skills and employment survey for the tourism sector piloted; • Labor market portal expanded and client tracking survey conducted; • Internationally good practices for migration and employment services

introduced and disseminated; • Awareness of the services of migration centers and job centers promoted; and • Adult learning center capacity in skills training certification strengthened.

6. Implementation arrangements. The project will be implemented by the Ministry of Labor, Migration, and Employment (MOLME) as the project EA. The Project Administration Group (PAG) established under MOLME will be the IA. The PAG will undertake procurement and administer contracts. MOLME will nominate candidates for the position of PAG Manager, who will monitor and guide day-to-day implementation. The PAG Manager and key staff will be selected through a competitive procedure and financed by the project under the recurrent cost category. A PSC

3

will be set up to provide overall guidance on project implementation.

7. Project facilities for construction or renovation. The project facilities to be constructed under the project and covered by this IEE consist of three job centers and four migration service centers (see map in Fig. 1), namely:

(i) Job Centers • Rogun City, District of Republican Subordination; • Dangara District, Khatlon Province; • Dushanbe City;

(ii) Migration Service Centers

• Bokhtar City, Khatlon Province; • Vose District, Khatlon Province; • Khujand City, Viloyati Sughd Province; and • Dushanbe City.

Figure 1: Map of Tajikistan Showing the Location of the Six Project Sites

8. The planned facilities are three Migration Service Centers to be built in existing sites and three new Job Centers to be constructed in unoccupied government-owned land. The location of the Job Centers and Migration Service Centers, the situation at the sites, and the target economic sectors, are shown in Table 1.

0 100 200 km50 100 150

4

Table 1: Location of the Centers and Main Service Sectors

Type of

Center Location of Site

Site Situation

Economic Sectors

JO

B C

EN

TE

R

Dushanbe City (with Migration Service Center function) Regional Republic Subordination

New Tourism and services • Housekeeper/cleaner • Waiter/bartender • Hotel and guesthouse manager • Restaurant manager • Multi-lingual travel guide Pre-departure migration service center • Pre-departure training • Construction training * Welder (basic) * Plasterer (basic) * Electrician helper (basic)

Rogun City Regional Republic Subordination

New Energy • Electrical line installer and repairer • Solar energy equipment electrician • Maintenance (repair, replacement) of

electrical meters

Dangara District Khatlon Region

New Agriculture • Field crop and vegetable growers • Fruit, vegetable, and related

preservers • Agriculture machinery repairers • Management for small-scale farmers

M

IGR

AT

ION

SE

RV

ICE

CE

NT

ER

Khujand City Sughd Region

Inside the

MOLME site

Pre-departure migration service center • Pre-departure training • Construction training * Welder (basic) * Plasterer (basic) * Electrician helper (basic)

Bokhtar City Khatlon Region

Inside the Vocational

School


Vose District Khatlon Region

Inside the Vocational

School


9. Layout plan. The common elements in the layout plan for all the centers are: (i) harmony of the scenery with the surroundings; (ii) no obstruction in the existing flow line; (iii) smooth flow and ease in the use of the completed facility; (iv) no negative impact on the surrounding environment; and (v) safety during the construction period.

10. It is assumed that there will be a maximum of 200 persons accessing the services of the centers at any one time. Skills development will include both theory and practical application. The

5

design will, therefore, cover 50% theory and 50% practical courses. This will apply to all training programs in the Job Centers. For the Migration Centers, however, this will only apply to the pre-employment construction trade part. At this stage, it is still undetermined how many will access the construction courses.

11. For the construction pre-employment component of the program for Migration Service Centers, three training spaces are considered, each to hold 10 persons per training session: 10 participants x 3 training spaces x 2 sessions (theory and practical training) = 60 participants. For pre-departure training, 140 trainees are projected.

12. As a general rule, for training rooms for theory, one group is planned to have 20-30 trainees, and for practical training spaces, one group will have 10 trainees. These rooms and spaces will all be in the main building. In addition, external fieldwork training on construction, agriculture, and energy will be conducted at the annex workshop or at the basement of the main buildings (Table 2).

Table 2: Facility and Classroom Usage Plan

Center No. of Persons

Targeted for the Facility

Training Sessions Theory Practical Training

General Classroom Special Classroom Workshop

n n x 50% n x 50%

Job Center 200 100 at 20-30 trainees/class

(4-5 classrooms)

70 at 10 trainees per

classroom or training unit or space

30 more than 3

training units in the workshop

Migration Center

200 100 at 20-30 trainees/class

(4-5 classrooms)

70 at 10 trainees per

classroom or training unit or space

30 3 training units in

the workshop

13. In addition to the training rooms, the Job Centers and Migration Service Centers will also have counseling rooms and multipurpose halls that can be used for large-scale training, exhibition, and seminars good for about 50-60 persons.

A. Job Centers

14. New Job Centers will be constructed in three cities, which were selected based on their potential for economic growth and the need to create employment in the area. Each Job Center will specialize in a particular economic sector, i.e., energy in Rogun City, agriculture in Dangara, and tourism in Dushanbe. The focus of training within each sector in the Job Centers will be on occupations which are in high demand. The trainings to be provided at the Job Centers will be designed for a shorter period than conventional training and will be intended for job seekers (youth, disadvantaged, and females) who do not want or are not able to attend longer training sessions. The exact duration of training will depend on the occupation, although it is anticipated to range from one to six months. Training will be responsive to local labor market needs and provide practical on-the-job experience. The specific occupations were selected based on greatest employment opportunities in the given locations. 15. It is intended that all clients of the Job Centers are given training in ICT to increase productivity of the job seekers. Training materials will have elements common to all three sectors

6

but will be modified for each industry. Jobseekers will gain rudimentary training on the use of the Internet, Word, and Excel. There could be modules at different levels depending on the client’s prior knowledge and interest. Table 3 presents the selected occupations to be provided in Job Centers.

Table 3: Selected Occupations by City (District) and Sector for Job Centers

Sector City/District Basic Occupations

Agriculture Dangara • Field crop and vegetable growers • Fruit, vegetable, and related preservers • Agriculture machinery repairers • Management for small-scale farmers

Energy Rogun • Electrical line installer and repairer • Solar energy equipment electrician • Maintenance (repair, replacement) of electricity

meters Tourism Dushanbe • Housekeeper / cleaner

• Waiter / bartender • Hotel and guesthouse manager • Restaurant manager • Multi-lingual travel guide

16. The new Job Centers will provide a full range of services for job seekers including: (i) job guidance and provision of information about the local labor market; (ii) technical training in basic skills like general workplace health and safety, use of hand tools, and preparation and cleaning of workplace; (iii) practical technical training for specific skills in the selected priority occupations of targeted industry sectors including industry based support such as on-the-job training; (iv) development of soft skills and skills aimed at finding a job (e.g., writing a CV, searching for a job, conducting a job interview); and (vi) basic ICT training.

1. Rogun City Job Center

17. The proposed Job Center will be constructed on state-owned land with an area of approximately 2.04 ha located within the Rogun City limits.1 Based on the town’s general development plan, the potential project site is situated around 7 km from the city center, close to the National Military Base/Ministry of Defense of Tajikistan. Figures 2-4 below show the satellite image, location map, and site map of the Rogun City subproject, and the existing conditions in the are shown in Plate 1.

18. The location of the proposed site is suitable in terms of road access, in view of a highway project to be funded by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and ADB, as well as the existence of support facilities, such as drinking water pipe scheme from a distance of around 100 meters (m) and a transformer substation that is approximately 1,500 m from the site. However, initial survey findings indicated that it is not possible to link the facility to the wastewater treatment plant due to the long distance of around 4 km and to very irregular topography of the area. An option would be to include the construction of a septic tank in the facility. 19. The proposed center will consist of a four-storey structure and a workshop training area at the basement and will occupy a total floor area of 3,990 sq m. The proposed layout of the Rogun

1 The requisite permission to utilize the land for the Job Center has been provided by the local government (see Annex

2).

7

Job Center is shown in Figure 5, and the development plan is in Figure 6.

20. The number of main rooms, components, and criteria for size determination in the Job Center of Rogun are shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Overview of Main Rooms in the Rogun Job Center

Room Category No. of Rooms

Primary Function

Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person

Similar Facility Floor

Area (㎡)

Project Floor Area

(㎡)

Main Building

3F General Classroom 5 Theoretical training

20 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 30-60 58

4F Special Classroom (inside main building)

6 Practical training

10-20 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 15-60 58

2F ICT Room 1 ICT training 10-20 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 15-60 58

2F Counseling Room 3 Counseling 1-2 trainee + counselor

4-10 4-20 18

2F, 3F Library / Information

2 Reading / information gathering

10-15 trainees 4~10 40-150 45

1F Multipurpose Hall 1 Meeting / seminar/ exhibition, etc.

60 1.5-3

90-180 114

1F Childcare Room 1 Short-time childcare

15 children 4~10 60-150 78

Workshop (Rogun)

B1F Energy training 1 1 Supplies purposes


6-20 60-200 120

B1F Energy training 2 1 Solar purposes 10 trainees ＋ instructor

6-20 60-200 120

B1F Energy training 3 1 Meter purposes 10 trainees ＋ instructor

6-20 60-200 120

B1F Teachers’ R 2 TVET instructors’ preparations & work breaks

3-4 Instructors

4-10

12-32 18

Dormitory: 2 persons/room

1F Supervisor / Reception

1 Reception; 24-hour security

1 staff (alternation)

6~10 12~20 18

1F Guest dormitory 6 Guest / staff transient accommodation

2 staff 6~10 12~20 18

2F Trainees’ dormitory (female)

16 Trainees’ accommodation

2 trainees 6~10 12~20 18

3F Trainees’ dormitory (male)


2 trainees 6~10 12~20 18

1F Canteen / meeting 1 Multipurpose canteen for trainees

50 trainee / 1 shift

2-3 100-150 108

1F Kitchen 1 Kitchen for canteen

1F-3F WC & Shower Unit Hygiene of instructors & trainees

each floor

1F-3F Utility

(washing, cleaning tools)

Unit Sanitation & maintenance

each floor

8


Primary Function

Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Project Floor Area

(㎡)

Administration

1F Reception 1 Reception with guide staff

2 staffs (alternation)

4-10

8~20 18

1F Administration R-1 1 Management 2-3 staffs 4-10 8~30 18 1F Administration R-2 1 Management 6-8 staffs 4-10 24~80 58 2F Administration R-3 1 Management 6-8 staffs 4-10 24~80 58 2F Teacher’s R 1 Instructors’

preparation & work breaks

8-10 Instructors 4-10

32~100 58

1F Guard Box 1 Security screening/check


6-10

12~20 20

Common facilities

1F Entrance hall with a disabled persons’ ramp

1 Common entranceway

Corridors Units Enough width of corridors is necessary to ensure efficient flow & movement of instructors and trainees

Width: 2~2.4m

Width: 2.3m

Stairways 4 Stairway locations are necessary to connect floors as well as provide escape/emergency exits

Width: 1.2~1.6m

Width: 1.2/1.6m

1F Toilets 3 • Trainees and instructors • Multipurpose use (persons on wheelchair) • Beside a childcare room (for children)

2F-4F toilets 6 • Trainees and instructors • Multipurpose use (by wheelchair)

1F Kitchen 1 Service to trainees and staff

1F-4F Tea kitchen 4 Hot water service to staff and instructors

1F First aid 1 Emergency treatment service with bed/bench

1F-4F Storage - Hold equipment and furniture on standby to free up spaces in offices and training rooms

Apartment facilities

Electricity receiving room 1 Electrical transformer / receiving panel

Electrical panel room (generator room)

1 Electrical distribution panel, generator ― ―

Water receiving tank (pump room)

1 Water receiving tank, pump ― ―

Firefighting pump 1 Firefighting system units

Elevated water tank (each penthouse floor)

2 Elevated water tank ― ―

Solar power system 1 set For each center, the solar panel will be on the roof; battery and device units will be located in the penthouse floor.

Elevator 2 sets Elevator (6-9 persons) x 2 units

Water treatment tank 1 set Integrated treatment tank ― ― Outdoor facilities 1 set Outdoor facilities (parking lot, access walkway,

fence, gate, planting, etc.) around the building; access road, etc.

― ―

9

Figure 2: Satellite Image of the Location of the Rogun City Job Center

Source: SEEP Project Office, 2019

10

Figure 3: Location Map of Rogun City Job Center Subproject


ROGUN CITY JOB CENTER

SUBPROJECT

11

Figure 4: Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Rogun City Job Center (38°42'8.54"N & 69°43'21.91"E)


12

LEGEND: 1 Empty plot 2 Abandoned buildings of Rogun HPP 3 Agricultural lands 4 Military barracks. 5 Road Dushanbe- Rogun

1

4

3

5

2

13

Plate 1: Existing Conditions at the Proposed Site of the Rogun City Job Center

14

Figure 5: Layout Plan of the Proposed Rogun City Job Center

15

Concept and Remarks

• A major consideration for the building layout of this site is that the front road is the main highway. The site is located on a hill with an open view. There are existing unused facilities on the west side, and a cliff on the east side.

• Considering that the front road on the south side is a major highway, it is necessary for vehicles to quickly and safely enter the site. For this reason, it is necessary to secure a space between the main building and the front road for safe vehicle access.

• The side road on the west of the site is a maintenance road for the military radar site, where occasional landslides occur.

• The site will have a training building on the south side of the main road and a dormitory on the far side (north side) of the site, a courtyard, ancillary facilities, and on-site parking between the buildings.

• Considering that average snow is about 1.5 m during winter, the workshop should be located in the basement of the main training building to avoid snow and wind damages.

16

Figure 6: Development Plan of the Proposed Rogun City Job Center

18


19

2. Dangara Job Center

21. The proposed Dangara Job Center will be constructed on a 1.17-ha state-owned land2 in Dangara District, Khatlon Province. The area is within town limits, around 4 km from the town center, as per the town’s general development plan. The satellite image of the subproject location, the location map of the subproject, and the satellite image of the proposed subproject site are in Figures 7-9, respectively. The existing conditions in the subproject site are shown in Plate 2.

22. The proposed location is suitable for the proposed job center, considering its access to the existing high-speed main road, which is only about 100 m away, and the presence of nearby infrastructure facilities, such as drinking water pipe scheme, which is around 200 m away, and a transformer substation, which is around 1.0 km from the proposed site. However, the wastewater pipe is around 3-4 km away from the site, and it is not possible to make a connection to the site. An option is the construction of a septic tank in the proposed area.

23. The proposed Dangara Job Center will consist of a four-storey structure and a workshop training area at the basement, and will occupy a total floor area of 3,950 sq m. The layout plan for the center is shown in Figure 10, and the proposed site development plan is in Figure 11.

24. The number of main rooms, components, and criteria for size determination in the Dangara Job Center are shown in Table 6.

Table 6: Overview of Main Rooms in the Dangara Job Center


Primary Function

Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Project Floor Area

(㎡)

Main Building

3F General Classroom 5 Theoretical training


1.5-3 30-60 58

4F Special Classroom (inside main building)

6 Practical training

10-20 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 15-60 58


1.5-3 15-60 58


4-10 4-20 18

2F, 3F Library / Information


10-15 trainees 4~10 40-150 45

1F Multipurpose Hall 1 Meeting / seminar/ exhibition, etc.

60 1.5-3

90-180 114


15 children 4~10 60-150 78

Workshop

1F Repair & maintenance workshop

1 Agriculture machinery and material repair & maintenance

10 trainees + instructor

4-10 40-100 72

1F Food process training laboratory

1 Food processing training

10 trainees＋ instructor

4-10 40-100 72

2 The requisite permission to utilize the land for the purpose has already been provided by the local government (see

Annex 2).

20


Primary Function

Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Project Floor Area

(㎡)

1F Mechanical workshop 1 Agriculture machinery and material repair & maintenance


6-20 60-200 144

1F Fruits and egetable workshop

2 Fruits and vegetable training


6-20 60-200 144

GFL Green House Unit Fruits and vegetable training


4-10 40-100 72

Dormitory: 2 persons/room

1F Supervisor / Reception

1 Reception; 24-hour security


6~10 12~20 18


2 staff 6~10 12~20 18

2F Trainees’ dormitory (female)


2 trainees 6~10 12~20 18

3F Trainees’ dormitory (male)


2 trainees 6~10 12~20 18

1F Canteen / meeting 1 Multipurpose canteen for trainees


2-3 100-150 108


1F-3F WC & Shower Unit Hygiene of instructors & trainees

each floor

1F-3F Utility

(washing, cleaning tools)


each floor

Administration

1F Reception 1 Reception with guide staff

2 staffs (alternation)

4-10

8~20 18

1F Administration R-1 1 Management 2-3 staffs 4-10 8~30 18 1F Administration R-2 1 Management 6-8 staffs 4-10 24~80 58 2F Administration R-3 1 Management 6-8 staffs 4-10 24~80 58 2F Teacher’s R 1 Instructors’

preparation & work breaks


32~100 58



6-10

12~20 20

Common facilities


1 Common entranceway

Corridors Units Enough width of corridors is necessary to ensure efficient flow & movement of instructors and trainees

Width: 2~2.4m

Width: 2.3m

Stairways 4 Stairway locations are necessary to connect floors as well as provide escape/emergency exits

Width: 1.2~1.6m

Width: 1.2/1.6m

1F Toilets 3 • Trainees and instructors • Multipurpose use (persons on wheelchair) • Beside a childcare room (for children)

2F -4F toilets 6 • Trainees and instructors • Multipurpose use (by wheelchair)

1F Kitchen 1 Service to trainees and staff

1F-4F Tea kitchen 4 Hot water service to staff and instructors

21


Primary Function

Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Project Floor Area

(㎡)


1F-4F Storage - Hold equipment and furniture on standby to free up spaces in offices and training rooms

Apartment facilities







Elevated water tank (each penthouse floor)

2 Elevated water tank ― ―


Elevator 2 sets Elevator (6-9 persons) x 2 units

Water treatment tank 1 set Integrated treatment tank ― ― Outdoor facilities 1 set Outdoor facilities (parking lot, access walkway,

fence, gate, planting, etc.) around the building; access road, etc.

― ―

22

Figure 7: Satellite Image of the Location of Dangara Job Center


23

Figure 8: Location Map of Dangara District Job Center


DANGARA DISTRICT JOB CENTER SUBPROJECT

24

Figure 9: Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Dangara District Job Center (38° 4'9.36"N & 69°20'37.46"E)


PROPOSED SITE OF THE DANGARA DISTRICT JOB

CENTER SUBPROJECT

25

LEGEND: 1 Agricultural lands 2 Housing area (houses

under construction) 3 Commercial buildings 4 Garage and

warehouse buildings 5 Highway A385

(Dangara- Kulyab)

1

1

1

4

2

3

5

26

Plate 2: Existing Conditions at the Proposed Job Center in Dangara District

27

Figure 10: Layout Plan for the Dangara District Job Center

28

Concept and Remarks

• The main requirement for this site’s building layout is the construction of a new access road that will connect the site to the main road.

• In addition, the building layout plan should consider the site location being on a gentle slope of a hill, and take into account the site inclination based on the results of the topographic survey of the site.

29

Figure 11: Development Plan for the Proposed Dangara District Job Center

32


33

3. Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center

25. The proposed Dushanbe City Job Center will also have migration service center functions. Hence, it is referred to as the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center, unlike the other subprojects, which function exclusively as Job Centers or Migration Service Centers. The satellite image of the subproject location, the location map of the subproject, and the proposed site of the subproject are shown in Figures 12, 13, and 14, respectively. The existing conditions in the subproject area are shown in Plate 3.

26. The subproject site is located near Korvon Market, along the main road at the southern part of Dushanbe City. The potential area is currently being used by locals for agricultural production. The site is suitable in terms of accessibility as: (i) there is public transport operating nearby; (ii) it would be easy to connect to existing water supply and energy systems, although the exact locations and connection methods should be verified with the appropriate authorities; and (iii) Dushanbe City’s treatment facility complex is proximate to the proposed site. However, a high-voltage electric line in the vicinity may probably have to be removed to give way to the construction of the center. A more suitable portion of the lot could be identified for use, which will not require the removal or relocation of the existing transmission line.

27. The proposed center will consist of a four-storey structure and a workshop training area at the basement and will occupy a total floor area of 7,250 sq m. The proposed layout of the subproject facilities is shown in Figure 15, and the proposed development plans for the 1st to 4th levels are in Figures 16a–16b. The number of main rooms, components, and criteria for size determination for the Dushanbe Job and Migration Service Center are shown in Table 7.

Table 7: Overview of Main Rooms in the Dushanbe Job and Migration Service Center

Room Category No. of

Rooms Primary Function

Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Facility Floor Area

(㎡)

Main Building (Dushanbe)

Job Center Use

3F General Classroom 5 Theoretical training 20 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 30-60 58

4F Special Classroom 6 Practical training 10 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 15-60 58


1.5-3 15-60 45


4-10 4-20 15-19

1F Library / Information 1 Reading / information gathering

10-15 trainees 4~10 40-150 72

1F Multipurpose Hall 1 Meetings/ seminars/ exhibition, etc.

60 1.5-3

90-180 142


15 Children 4~10 60-150 78

Migration Service Center Use


1.5-3 45-90 58


1.5-3 30-60 58

4F Special Classroom 2 Practical training 10x 2 trainees 1.5-3 30-60 58

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Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Facility Floor Area

(㎡)

＋ instructor

4F Special Classroom 2 Practical training 10 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 30-60 36

3F ICT Room (as in Job Center)

1 ICT training 10-20 trainees ＋ instructor

1.5-3 15-60 58

1F Counseling Room 4 Counseling 1-2 trainees + counselor

4-10 4-20 15-18

1F Library / Information (as in Job Center)


10-15 trainees 4~10 40-150 72

1F Multipurpose Hall (as is Job Center)

1 Meetings / seminar/ exhibition / etc.

60 1.5-3

90-180 142

2F Childcare Room (as in Job Center)

1 Short-time childcare

15 children 4~10 60-150 78

Specific Training on Restaurant/Hotel/etc. (Using model room of the hotel and restaurant)

Alternative Use (Unit-B)

4F Training Unit-A 1 Migration services center use, hotel type-1


4-10 40-100 54

4F Training Unit-B 1 Job center use restaurant, bar-1


4-10 40-100 54

4F Training Unit-C 1 Job center use restaurant, bar-2


4-10 40-100 54

4F Training Unit-D 1 Job center use hotel type-1


4-10 40-100 54

4F Training Unit-A 1 Job center use hotel type-2


4-10 40-100 54

1F Meeting Room 1 Arrangement of meetings for specific training sessions, 10-13 persons

2-3 20-39 36

Workshop on the Basement Floor of Main Building (Migration Center Use)

B1F Welder Training 1 Supply purposes 10 trainees ＋ instructor

6-20 60-200 144

B1F Plasterer Training 1 Solar purposes 10 trainees ＋ instructor

6-20 60-200 144

B1F Electrician Training 1 Meter purposes 10 trainees ＋ instructor

6-20 60-200 144

B1F Teacher’s Room 2 TVET instructors’ preparation and work break

3-4 Instructors

4-10

12-32 18

Dormitory (Dushanbe Job Center Use): 2 persons/room

1F Supervisor / Reception 1 Reception; 24- hour security


6~10 12~20 18


2 staff 6~10 12~20 18

2F Trainee’s dormitory (female)


2 trainees / room

6~10 12~20 18

3F Trainee’s dormitory (male)


2 trainees / room

6~10 12~20 18

1F Canteen / Meeting 1 Multipurpose canteen for trainees


2-3 100-150 108


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Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Facility Floor Area

(㎡)

1F-3F WC & Shower Unit Hygiene of staff and trainees

each floor

1F-3F Utility (washing, cleaning tools)


each floor

Administration

Job Center Use

1F Reception (general reception of main building)

1 Reception with guide staff

2 staff

4-10

8~20 18

1F Administration Room 1 Management 2-3 staff 4-10 8~30 18 1F Administration Room 1 Management 4-6 staff 4-10 16~60 30 2F Administration Room 1 Management 6-8 staff 4-10 24~80 58 2F Teacher’s Room 1 Instructors’

preparation and work break

8-10 Instructors

4-10

32~100 39

3F Teacher’s Room 1 Instructors’ preparation and work break

8-10 Instructors

4-10

32~100 39


2 staff

6-10

12~20 20

Migration Service Center Use

1F Reception with office 1 Reception with office space

4 staff

4-10

16~40 36

1F Administration Room 1 Management 3-4 staff 4-10 12~40 19 4F Teacher’s Room 1 Instructors’

preparation and work break

8-10 Instructors

4-10

32~100 39

4F Teacher’s Room 1 Instructors’ preparation and work break


12~40 18

Common Facilities of Main Building


1 Common entrance way

Corridors Units Enough width of corridors is necessary to ensure efficient movement & flow of instructors and trainees

Width: 2~2.4m

Width: 2.3m

Stairways 7 Stairways are necessary to connect floors and provide escape/emergency exits

Width: 1.2~1.6m

Width: 1.2/1.6m

1F toilets

3 • Trainees and instructors • Multipurpose use (person on wheelchair)

2F -4F toilets 10 • Trainees and instructors • Multipurpose use (person on wheelchair) • Seside the childcare room (2f)

1F Kitchen 1 Service to trainees & staff

1F-4F Tea kitchen 4 Hot water service to staff & instructors


Storage - Hold equipment and furniture on standby to free up space in rooms and offices

Apartment Facilities (Dangara / Rogun)







Elevated water tank 2 Elevated water tank ― ―

36



Design No. of Users

Similar Facility

(area/width)

m2/ person


Area (㎡)

Facility Floor Area

(㎡)

(each penthouse floor)


Elevator 2 set Elevator (6-9 persons) x 2 units

Outdoor facilities 1 set Outdoor facilities (parking lot, access walkway, fence, gate, planting, etc.) around the building; access road, etc.

― ―

37

Figure 12: Satellite Image of the Location of the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center


38

Note: The subproject area is located in Area 3 (A. Firdavsi District), Dushanbe.

39

Figure 13: Location Map of the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center


DUSHANBE CITY JOB AND MIGRATION

SERVICE CENTER SUBPROJECT

40

Figure 14: Satellite Image of the Proposed Site of the Dushanbe City Job and Migration Service Center (38°30'1.75"N & 68°45'32.80"E)

Legend: 1 - N.Karaboev Avenue; 2 - Multi-storey apartment buildings (currently under construction), 70 m; 3 - City water threatment plant, 90 m;

initial environmental examination (iee) · 2020. 3. 16. · initial environmental examination (iee)...

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