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Discovering computers 2015 ----A gateway to information

Introduction to Computers

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How is a computer defined?What Is a Computer?

Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

The computer first, Accepts data such as raw facts, figures, and symbol then, Processes data into information (Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful ) finally, Produces and stores results

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Example

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information processing cycle

Input

Process

Output Storage

Communication

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CharacteristicsSingle User / Multi User

Single Tasking / Multi Tasking

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Pros & Cons

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The Components of a ComputerWhat is an input device? Hardware used

to enter dataand instructions

_____

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The Components of a ComputerWhat is an output device? Hardware that

conveys information to a user

______

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The Components of a ComputerAny device that is both input and output??? Touch screen LCD/LEDs

Modem

CD/DVD

Headset

Digital Camera

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The Components of a ComputerWhat is the system unit? Box-like case

containingelectroniccomponentsused to processdata

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What is the magical inside the black box?

CPU

Memory card

Sound Card

Video Card

Storage Units

PowerSupply

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The Components of a ComputerWhat are two main components on the motherboard?

Central Processing Unit (CPU)Also called a processorCarries out instructions that tell computer what to do

MemoryTemporary holding place for data and instructions

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The Components of a ComputerWhat is storage?

Storage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored

Storage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium

Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

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Storage deviceWhat is a floppy disk? Thin, circular,

flexible disk enclosed in rigid plastic shell

A Zip® disk looks similar but has much greater storage capability

(=170 floppy disk)

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The Components of a ComputerWhat is a hard disk? Provides much

greater storage capacity than a floppy disk or Zip® disk

Housed inside the system unit

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The Components of a Computer

What is a compact disc? Flat, round, portable metal disc

CD-ROM CD-RWCapacity: 673~768 MB

DVD-ROM DVD+RW

Capacity:4.7 ~ 17.1 GB

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The Components of a ComputerWhat is miniature storage media?

Digitalcameras

Handheldcomputers

Portable, thin memory cards used in:

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Why Is a Computer So Powerful?

What makes computer powerful? Speed Reliability Accuracy Storage Communications

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Computer Software

How do you install and run a software program?

Step 1.Insert the program disc into the CD-ROM drive

Step 2. Install the software program by instruction in the disc, then run the program

Step 3. The program executes

A program is a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do

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Computer Software

What was before GUI ????

Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons

Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information

What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?

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Command Line Interface

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Computer SoftwareWhat is system software?

Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices and allows users to run application software

Utility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs

Programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices

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Computer SoftwareWhat is application

software?

Presentation Graphics

Spreadsheet

Database

Word Processing

Programs that perform specific tasks for users

SuitePopular software applications bundled together as a single unit

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Computer Software

What is a programmer? Someone who develops

application or system software

Programmer writes instructions todirect computer to process data into information

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DATA RepresentationDigital (Discrete)Analog (Continuous)

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DATA Storage

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