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DISCLAIMER

This document was prepared for Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR) and the World Bank (WB) by a consultant team engaged to undertake the project “Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Subproject 1, Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) for Stretch 1, and ESMP Monitoring and Reporting during Construction of Subproject 1”. The views, conclusions and recommendations in the document are not to be taken to represent the views of DWIR and the WB.

Prepared by ICEM Asia

Prepared for Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR) and the World Bank (WB)

Suggested citation ICEM. 2017. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Subproject 1, Draft Scoping Report for ESIA/ESMP. Prepared for DWIR and the WB, Yangon

More information www.icem.com.au| [email protected] ICEM - International Centre for Environmental Management 6A Lane 49, To Ngoc Van Tay Ho, Hanoi Viet Nam

Consultant team Jens Grue Sjørslev, Kim Wium Olesen, Lwin Lwin Wai, Win Maung, Lina Sein Sein Myint, Mai Ky Vinh, Michal Musil, Peter-John Meynell, Phyoe Thaw Thaw Tun, Richard Francis Di Bona, Rory Hunter, Thein Soe, Thinzar Oo, Vuong Thu Huong, Win Naing Tun and Yinn Mar Swe Hlaing

http://www.icem.com.au/

mailto:[email protected]

WB & DWIR| ESIA and ESMP for Subproject 1, ESA for Stretch 1, and ESMP Monitoring and Reporting during Construction of Subproject 1| ICEM

Final Scoping Report for ESIA/ESMP - September 2017

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A B B R E V I A T I O N S

ADPA Ayeyarwady Dolphin Protected Area AIRBM/ AIRBMP Ayeyarwady Integrated River Basin Management Project ARB Ayeyarwady River Basin BANCA Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association CDZ Central Dry Zone CSO Community Service Organization DMA Department of Marine Affairs DMH Department of Meteorology and Hydrology DOF Department of Fisheries DWIR Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems E&S Environmental and Social EA Environmental Assessment EBA Endemic Bird Area EC Engineering Consultant ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate ECD Environmental Conservation Department ED Executive Director EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ESA Environmental and Social Assessment ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework FFI Fauna & Flora International FGD Focus Group Discussion GMS Greater Mekong Sub-region GOM Government of Myanmar IBAT Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool ICEM International Centre for Environmental Management IFC International Finance Corporation IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature IWMI International Water Management Institute JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KBA Key Biodiversity Area KBA Key Biodiversity Area KII Key Informant Interview MEI Myanmar Environment Institute MOALI Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation MONREC Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation NECQ National Environmental Quality Guidelines NWRC National Water Resources Committee PA Protected Area PAP Project Affected People PCR Physical Cultural Resource PMU Project Management Unit RHDHV Royal Haskoning DHV SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan TNC The Nature Conservancy ToR Terms of Reference VT Village Tract



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WB The World Bank WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WS Wildlife Sanctuary WWF World Wildlife Fund



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T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................... II LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................ V LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... VII 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Aims of the Scoping Report ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Context of the project ............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Project Description .................................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) to consider alternative design options for Subproject 1 .......... 4 1.5 Objectives of the ESIA and ESMP ............................................................................................. 9

2 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................ 3 2.1 Overview of the policy, legal and institutional framework ..................................................... 3 2.2 National institutional setting for EIA ....................................................................................... 6 2.3 The World Bank´s Environmental Assessment and related safeguard policies ....................... 6 2.4 Key GOM policy and strategies for the development of the ARB ........................................... 8 2.5 Planned investment of development projects in Subproject 1 ............................................... 8

3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ........................................................................ 9 3.1 Legal requirements for public disclosure and consultation ..................................................... 9 3.2 Stakeholder engagement......................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Planned stakeholder engagement activities .......................................................................... 11 3.4 Stakeholder identification ..................................................................................................... 11

4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS .................................. 14 4.1 Hydrology............................................................................................................................... 14 4.2 Geomorphology ..................................................................................................................... 14 4.3 Water quality ......................................................................................................................... 16 4.4 Biodiversity and fisheries ....................................................................................................... 16 4.5 Land use ................................................................................................................................. 17 4.6 Socio-economic conditions and livelihood ............................................................................ 18

5 APPROACH TO THE BASELINE AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................... 21 5.1 Scope of the assessment ....................................................................................................... 21 5.2 Hydrology............................................................................................................................... 23 5.3 Geomorphology ..................................................................................................................... 24 5.4 Baseline sampling .................................................................................................................. 25 5.5 Biodiversity and Fisheries ...................................................................................................... 28 5.6 Socio-economic conditions and livelihood ............................................................................ 32

6 NEXT STEPS - ESIA/ESMP ................................................................................................ 39 6.1 Preparation of project proposal and preliminary consultation according to Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) .................................................................................................................................. 39 6.2 Assessment of potential impacts and proposal of mitigation measures ............................... 40 6.3 Impact and risk assessment ................................................................................................... 42 6.4 Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) ..................................................................... 42 6.5 ESMP for Subproject 1 ........................................................................................................... 43

7 REVISED WORKPLAN ...................................................................................................... 44 ANNEX 1: MCA PARTICIPANT LIST ............................................................................................... 45 ANNEX 2: PUBLIC CONSULTATION PARTICIPATION LIST ............................................................... 71



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L I S T O F T A B L E S

Table 1.1: MCA matrix ............................................................................................................................ 6

Table 1.2: MCA environmental criteria and sub-criteria ........................................................................ 7

Table 1.3: MCA social criteria and sub-criteria ....................................................................................... 7

Table 1.4: Upstream and downstream scenarios ................................................................................... 8

Table 1.5: Specific objectives of the ESIA and ESMP .............................................................................. 2

Table 2.1: Summary of requirements under EIA Procedure (2015) ....................................................... 3

Table 2.2: WB safeguard policies potentially triggered by Subproject 1 ................................................ 6

Table 2.3: WB OP/BP 4.01 EA requirements for Category B projects. ................................................... 7

Table 2.4: IFC Performance standards relevance for ESIA of Subproject 1 ............................................ 7

Table 3.1: Stakeholder analysis ............................................................................................................. 12

Table 4.1: Village tracts and population in Subproject 1 area .............................................................. 20

Table 5.1: Water quality sampling parameters .................................................................................... 27

Table 5.2: Sediment sampling parameters ........................................................................................... 28

Table 5.3: Soil sampling parameters ..................................................................................................... 28

Table 6.2: Baseline trend analysis template ......................................................................................... 39

Table 6.3: Potential environmental and social impacts ........................................................................ 40

Table 6.4: Potential environmental and social impacts associated with dredging .............................. 41

Table 6.5: Risk assessment matrix ........................................................................................................ 42

Table 6.6: Deliverables under the monitoring of the ESMP ................................................................. 43

L I S T O F F I G U R E S

Figure 1: Proposed zones for porcupines/groynes and dredging in Subproject 1 ............................... vii

Figure 0.1: Village tracts in Subproject 1 area ........................................................................................ x

Figure 1.1: Proposed locations of zones of porcupines/groynes and dredging ..................................... 3

Figure 1.2: Example of field of porcupines ............................................................................................. 4

Figure 1.3: Proposed design alternatives for Subproject 1 ..................................................................... 5

Figure 1.4: MCA results for upstream scenarios ..................................................................................... 8

Figure 1.5: MCA results for downstream scenarios ................................................................................ 9

Figure 1.6: Scenario A3 for upstream area ............................................................................................. 9

Figure 1.7: Scenario B4 for downstream area ........................................................................................ 9

Figure 4.1: Hydrograph of Sagaing based on daily discharge for the period 1980-2014 ..................... 14

Figure 4.2: Dry-season (January) satellite images of Subproject 1 area. From left to right: 1990, 1998

and 2017 ............................................................................................................................................... 15

Figure 4.3: Wet-season (August 1998) satellite image of Subproject 1 area. ...................................... 16

Figure 4.4: Land use/land cover in Subproject 1 area .......................................................................... 18

Figure 4.5: Village Tracts in Subproject 1 area ...................................................................................... 19

Figure 5.1: Planned zones of porcupines/groynes and dredging in Subproject 1 area ........................ 22

Figure 5.2: At the indicated sections time series of simulated discharges will be used in the impact

assessment ............................................................................................................................................ 24

Figure 5.3: At the indicated locations time series of simulated water level will be used in the impact

assessments .......................................................................................................................................... 24

Figure 5.4: ESIA baseline sampling locations ........................................................................................ 26

Figure 5.5: Migratory route for the Hilsa in the CDZ ............................................................................ 29



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Figure 5.6: Villages and village tracts included in the initial social survey ........................................... 36

Figure 5.7: Village tracts and villages near zone of porcupines/groynes and dredging ....................... 37

Figure 7.1: Work plan schedule- ESIA ................................................................................................... 44



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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The 2,170km long Ayeyarwady River has a catchment area of 413,710 km2, of which 91% lies within Myanmar, around 21,400 km2 (5%) in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (mostly Yunnan), and 17,400 km2 (4%) in India (Manipur and Nagaland). With a total annual flow of around 400 km3,the Ayeyarwady

ranks as the 22ndlargestriver in the world in terms of discharge. It isa monsoonal flood-pulse river,

with strongseasonal flow, peaking during the wetseason between July - September and reducing

byan order of magnitude during the dry season. The main river is navigable for 1,280 km from the sea, opening a vast highway deep into the dry zone and interior of the basin. Enormous quantities of sediment are transported through the river during the annual floods leading to erosion and deposition of the navigation channel, bars, islands and riverbanks this means that some sections have insufficient water depth for inland waterway vessels to operate safely. In view of the importance of inland waterway transport (IWT) to the economic development of Myanmar, the World Bank (WB) funded Ayeyarwady Integrated River Basin Management Project (AIRBMP) aims at finding and implementing technical and operational schemes for making improvements of the navigability of the Ayeyarwady River Basin (ARB). The goal is:

“to improve IWT in priority stretches of the Ayeyarwady River and design a cost-effective and environmentally and socially acceptable strategy for managing the full length of the navigation channel”

Subproject 1 involves a combination of: 1. Construction of porcupine/groynes fields approximately 1km in length in the Sagaing and

middle channel to reduce the risk of the navigation channel shifting to one of the side channels (Figure 0);

2. Possible temporary structure may also be installed on the island opposite the Mandalay port area; and

3. Dredging will be carried out to obtain the desired channel depth for navigation. It is estimated that for the upcoming dry season (2017-18) the dredging requirement in the upstream area will be about 80,000 m3/ year and in the downstream area will be less than 100,000 m³/ year.



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Figure 0: Proposed zones for porcupines/groynes and dredging in Subproject 1

The International Centre for Environmental Management (ICEM) has been engaged to prepare the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan



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(ESMP) for Subproject 1. This scoping report is a requirement of the Myanmar EIA Procedures and provides details of the approach and planned steps for execution of the ESIA/ESMP for Subproject 1. The scoping report is set out as follows:

Chapter 1- Introduction: provides an overview of the navigation component of the AIRBMP and the aims, objectives and outputs of the ESIA/ESMP

Chapter 2- Legal and institutional framework: outlines the relevant legal and institutional framework for environmental conservation in Myanmar.

Chapter 3- Public consultation and disclosure: The consultation and communication plan outlines steps for disclosure of documents and the engagement with relevant stakeholders potentially affected by Subproject 1 and aims to meets the legal requirements for the Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) and WB safeguard policies

Chapter 4- Environmental and socio-economic baseline conditions briefly describes the environmental and socio-economic baseline conditions in the Subproject 1 for hydrology, geomorphology, water quality, biodiversity and fisheries and socio-economics

Chapter 5- Approach for baseline and impact assessment: the data sources, literature review and the approach and methodology for the baseline and impact assessment including the baseline sampling for surface water, groundwater, air quality, sediment and soil sampling.

Chapter 6 - Next steps for ESIA/ESMP: upcoming activities and deliverables for ESIA/ESMP including the MCA workshop and the steps for baseline assessment and impact assessment

Chapter 7- Revised Work Plan for ESIA/ESMP

ICEM has already conducted preliminary baseline sampling and initial social field research in the Subproject 1 area was used in the design of environmental and social criteria for Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) process. The MCA process was implemented from June to August 2017 to select the most cost effective and sustainable design options for subproject. The results of the baseline sampling for surface water, groundwater, air, soil and sediment and aquatic fauna survey will be included in the Draft ESIA report- the methodology is outlined in this scoping report.

The initial social field research revealed that there are nine village tracts in the Subproject 1 area on the west bank (Sagaing), on island and east bank (Mandalay) that could be impacted by Subproject 1 (Figure 0.1). The villages in this area use the river and the Sagaing and middle channels for domestic and agricultural uses, local boat transport, fishing and are experiencing loss of agricultural land from riverbank erosion. When the final solutions for Subproject 1 are confirmed the team will assess the need for land acquisition and/or resettlement and then prepare an Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) if required. All efforts will be made to avoid, or minimize if unavoidable, involuntary resettlement including the involuntary loss of private land in the Subproject 1 area. There is potential that some fishers and farmers may need to be compensated for loss of income/livelihoods.

The draft Scoping Report was released in July 2017 which included the methodology to assess all the proposed combinations of upstream and downstream scenarios and formed the basis of a public consultation meeting conducted on Friday 4th August. The purpose of the public consultation was to review the draft scoping report and attended by 70 participants, including; 18 region/township representatives, 18 village tract administrators, 29 civil society organisations (e.g. environmental, community development group, universities) and five interested community members.



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Figure 0.1: Village tracts in Subproject 1 area

The final MCA workshop was conducted in Mandalay Monday August 28th 2017 and following this process the zone of porcupines/groynes and dynamic dredging in the upstream and downstream area were selected. The selected option has lower environmental and social impacts than other proposed river structures such as the large guidebund and groynes and are also more flexible and low cost solutions.

The proposed zone of porcupines/groynes in the Sagaing and secondary channels and the estimated volume of dredging in the upstream and downstream area in the next dry season (2017/18) is less than 500,000 tons and is not likely to trigger an EIA under the Myanmar EIA procedures (2015). The World Bank also screens all projects and classifies them into one of four categories (Category A, B, C, and FI), Subproject 1 has been classified as a Category which is generally similar with IEE (Initial Environmental Examination) required under Myanmar EIA procedures (2015). The ESIA for the



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Subproject 1 will be prepared in compliance with the Myanmar Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Procedures (2015) and applicable WB safeguard policies.

RHDHV are now in the process of preparing the preliminary designs which will allow ICEM to do a more detailed impact and risk assessment and develop mitigation measures for Subproject 1. Depending on the final location and type of porcupine/groyne/pile selected additional field work may be required including household surveys, interview with fishers and carry out a rapid bird survey on the sandbar and islets. Further wet season surface water quality sampling will also be conducted. This analysis will be integrated into a Draft ESIA/ESMP which will be reviewed at a stakeholder workshop. The next steps and work plan are listed in Chapter 6 & 7.



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1 INTRODUCTION

This final Scoping Report was prepared by ICEM - International Centre for Environmental Management, ICEM was engaged to prepare an IEE or EIA (depending on Myanmar EIA procedures or WB safeguards polices) and the supervision and implementation of an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Subproject 1.The project is being implemented under Sub-component 3.2: Navigation Improvements (Mandalay to Yangon with a focus on the Mandalay - Nyaung Oo section) of the Myanmar Ayeyarwady Integrated River Basin Management Project (AIRBMP).

1.1 Aims of the Scoping Report

This scoping report provides details of our approach and planned steps for execution of the ESIA/ESMP for Subproject 1. The approach for the ESMP Monitoring and Reporting during the construction of Subproject 1 will be included in the final ESIA prior to construction activities commencing. This Scoping Report marks the end of the scoping phase for the ESIA/ESMP and aims to:

outline the terms of reference (TOR) including the rationale, purpose and objectives of the ESIA/ESMP;

provide the context and legal framework for navigation improvements in Subproject 1 area;

present proposals for planned baseline analysis including the definition of tools and assessment techniques to be applied;

outline the planned communication and stakeholder engagement activities; and

present the work plan for further steps, including scoping and preparation of draft and final reports.

The draft Scoping Report was released in July 2017 and included the approach to assess all the proposed upstream and downstream scenarios and formed the basis of a public consultation meeting in August 2017. This final Scoping Report cover the following:

Chapter 1- Introduction: provides an overview of the navigation component of the AIRBMP and the aims, objectives and outputs of the ESIA/ESMP.

Chapter 2- Legal and institutional framework: outlines the relevant legal and institutional framework for environmental conservation in Myanmar, World Bank safeguards and IFC performance standards.

Chapter 3- Public consultation and disclosure: the planned and completed public disclosure and stakeholder engagement activities required for the ESIA/ESMP under Myanmar EIA procedures (2015) and WB safeguard policies.

Chapter 4- Environmental and socio-economic baseline conditions briefly describes the environmental and socio-economic baseline conditions in the Subproject 1 for hydrology, geomorphology, water quality, biodiversity and fisheries and socio-economics.

Chapter 5- Approach for baseline and impact assessment: the data sources, literature review and the approach and methodology for the baseline and impact assessment including baseline sampling for surface water, groundwater, air quality, sediment and soil sampling.

Chapter 6 - Next steps for ESIA/ESMP: upcoming activities and deliverables for ESIA/ESMP including project proposal, Terms of Reference (TOR) and scoping report, baseline assessment and impact assessment

Chapter 7- Revised Work Plan for ESIA/ESMP

1.2 Context of the project

The AIRBMP, funded by the World Bank (WB) through a loan of US$ 100 million and implemented by the Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR), is designed as a multi-phased approach (series of projects) to strengthen integrated, climate resilient management and development of the Ayeyarwady River Basin (ARB) and national water resources. In the first phase, this approach will focus on developing the institutions and tools needed to enable informed decision making and implement integrated river basin management in the ARB, while immediately enhancing



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the river’s productivity with “no/low regret” investments in the hydro-meteorological observation system and services (to support agricultural productivity and water-related disaster risk management) and in navigation enhancements (to promote transport).

The first phase will lay the groundwork needed to undertake large-scale infrastructure investments in a possible second or third phase. It will provide the government with the capacity to do basin-wide scenario analysis, to properly identify and assess the complex trade-offs that inevitably arise from large, long-lived water infrastructure investment, and to follow economic, environmental and social 'good practice'. The first phase also supports feasibility studies for priority investments that are identified during the basin planning framework exercise for potential funding in subsequent phases. This project is being carried out under Component 3 (Ayeyarwady River Navigation Enhancement) of the AIRMBP:

Subcomponent 3.2. Navigation Improvements (Mandalay to Yangon with a focus on the Mandalay - Nyaung Oo section)

In view of the importance of inland waterway transport (IWT) to the economic development of Myanmar, the AIRBMP aims at finding and implementing technical and operational schemes for making short-term, medium- term, and long-term improvements of the navigability of the ARB. The goal is:

“to improve the IWT in priority stretches of the Ayeyarwady River and design a cost-effective and environmentally and socially acceptable strategy for managing the full length of the navigation channel”

1.3 Project Description

The PMU and DWIR were initially considering several alternative design options for Subproject 1 involving the combination of:

the construction of a guidebund, series of rock pile groynes and/or porcupines/groynes in the

upstream area;

a series of groynes and riverbank protection in the downstream area; and

dredging in both upstream and downstream within the main navigation channel

The design options for the river training structures were selected based on the results of modelling simulations and multi-criteria analysis (MCA). The MCA was a decision-making tool that enabled the PMU, DWIR and WB to select the most cost effective and sustainable options for Subproject 1.A combination of river training structures and dredging was selected for Subproject 1 to:

i) improve year-round and safe accessibility to the port of Mandalay;

ii) avoid possible future scenarios where the navigation channel shifts to one of the side channels.

To achieve these objectives the PMU and DWIR with the technical assistance of RHDHV and ICEM selected the construction of a field of porcupine/groynes approximately 1km in length in the Sagaing and middle channel to reduce the risk of the navigation channel shifting to one of the side channels (Figure 1.1 & Figure 1.2). A wooden groyne will be installed on the island opposite the Mandalay port area. Dredging will be carried out to obtain the desired navigation channel. It is estimated that for the upcoming dry season (2017-18) the dredging requirement in the upstream area will be about 80,000 m3/ year and in the downstream area will be less than 100,000 m³/ year.



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Figure 1.1: Proposed locations of zones of porcupines/groynes and dredging



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Figure 1.2: Example of field of porcupines

ICEM were engaged to develop the ESIA and ESMP and to assist in the selection of the technical options for Subproject 1. The team has already conducted environmental baseline sampling and initial social surveys in the Subproject 1 area that has been used to inform the design of environmental and social (E&S) criteria for the MCA.

The ESIA for the Subproject 1 will be prepared in compliance with the Myanmar Environmental Conservation Law (2012)1, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Procedures (2015) and applicable WB safeguard policies. The assessment is proportionate to the potential risks and impacts of the project, and will be assessed in an integrated way:

direct impacts: are caused by the project itself. Direct impacts are generally easier to identify, assess, and control than indirect impacts since the cause-effect relationship is usually more obvious;

indirect impacts (also known as secondary impacts): are usually linked closely with the project, and may have more profound consequences on the environment than direct impacts. Indirect impacts are more difficult to measure, but can ultimately be more important. Over time they can affect larger geographical areas of the environment than anticipated;

cumulative impacts: are changes to the environment caused by an action (project or project activity) in combination with other past, present, and future projects or developments.

The E&S assessment will primarily consider the direct and indirect impacts and will also consider cumulative impacts that are recognized as important based on scientific concerns and/or reflect the concerns of project affected people (PAP). The potential cumulative impacts will be determined once the preliminary design of Subproject 1 is completed.

1.4 Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) to consider alternative design options for Subproject 1

The PMU and DWIR were initially considering several alternative design options for Subproject 1 (Figure 1.3 ) involving the combination of:

the construction of a guidebund, series of rock pile groynes and/or porcupines/groynes in the upstream area;

a series of groynes and riverbank protection in the downstream area; and

1Environmental Conservation Law, No. 9/2012



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dredging in both upstream and downstream within the main fairway

Figure 1.3: Proposed design alternatives for Subproject 1

A multi-criteria analysis (MCA) process was implemented from June to August 2017 to select the most cost effective and sustainable design options for subproject 1. The E &S criteria were designed to assess several combinations of river training structures and dredging in both the upstream and downstream areas. The main findings in relation to the design alternative are summarized below:

Upstream: Any reduction of flow in the Sagaing and secondary channels is associated with negative environmental and social impacts. The structural solutions (large guide bund) proposed in the upstream area would have triggered more significant impacts, which will be



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difficult to mitigate and are irreversible (in comparison with presented alternative “soft” solutions such as zone of porcupines/groynes, and sediment management option). Impacts on water resources, fish production and migration, use of local boat transport and riverbank erosion are likely to occur e if any alternative consisting of high or low guide bunds is implemented. The temporary Impacts on land use and water quality were the main issues related to the flexible solutions proposed (porcupines, groynes sediment management, etc.). The changes in flow velocity and direction caused by these river training structures will be assessed in relation to increased or reduced risk of riverbank erosion.

Downstream: The downstream interventions include a series of groynes, riverbank protection or guiding bank structure. The downstream interventions are not expected to cause significant negative environmental and social impacts, as the potentially affected area is less sensitive and the impacts associated with different considered technical solutions are of smaller scale (in comparison with the upstream options). The main impacts are the temporary loss of access to agricultural land, removal of riverbank vegetation during construction, temporary water quality impacts and difficulty for local boats accessing the right bank when the series of groynes are completed.

Dredging: Dynamic dredging is planned as part of Subproject 1. The impacts on water quality in the main channel associated with dredging will be probably the most obvious direct effect, and its magnitude will be directly related to volumes/intensity of dredging operations.

MCA was used by the PMU to compare the alternatives developed by RHDHV, focusing on key factors as input for site locations, technology, design, construction techniques, phasing, operating and maintenance procedures, their suitability under local conditions, their institutional, training and monitoring requirements. The approach to the selection of the E&S criteria and development of the associated ratings is described in the following sections.

1.4.1 MCA

A limited number of base criteria were identified in the initial stage of the MCA process (Table 1.1). For each of the base criteria a weight was established through participatory process i.e. through a pairwise comparison exercise involving PMU, DWIR, WB and ICEM before the MCA workshop in Mandalay. The E&S criteria was developed following the review of the preliminary modelling results for the river training structures proposed in the upstream and downstream areas and initial social surveys and baseline sampling in project area.

Table 1.1: MCA matrix

Environment impact

Social impact

Execution risk

Schedule Technical

complexity Cost Score Weight (%)

Environment impact

Social impact

Execution risk

Schedule

Technical complexity

Cost

Score

RHDHV was responsible for developing the MCA criteria for schedule, execution risk, technical complexity and cost. The E&S criteria and sub-criteria developed for the MCA is shown below in Table 1.2 and Table 1.3.



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Table 1.2: MCA environmental criteria and sub-criteria

Environmental

Sco

re (

1-5

) Environmental flow to Sagaing and middle channel during fish

spawning (June, July, August)

Temporary water quality impacts associated with maintenance

dredging Loss of riparian vegetation

1 Reduction of flow by 15 % or more

Total volume of maintenance dredging is greater than 270,000m3

More than 500m2 of vegetation impacted

2 Reduction of flow 10-15 %

Total volume of maintenance dredging is between 180,000-270,000m3

Between 300- 500m2 of vegetation impacted

3 Reduction of flow 5-10 % Total volume of maintenance dredging is between 90,000-180,000m3

Between 150-300 m2 of vegetation impacted

4 Reduction of flow 0-5 % Total volume of maintenance dredging is between 0-90,000m3

Between 0-150 m2 of vegetation impacted

5 No reduction of flow No additional dredging required No riverbank vegetation impacted

Table 1.3: MCA social criteria and sub-criteria

Social

Sco

re (

1-5

)

Access to water resources in dry

season

Increased risk of riverbank erosion

Local boat transport

Area of farmland or riverbank garden impacted

1 No flow in side channels

Increase of flow more than 15 %

No boat access More than 1000 m2 of farmland or riverbank garden impacted

2 No flow in side channels during dry season

Increase of flow more than 10-15%

Between 500 -1000 m2 acres of farmland or riverbank garden impacted

3 Significantly reduced flow during dry season

Increase of flow more than 5-10%

Boat access only during high water

Between 250 - 500 m2 of farmland or riverbank garden

4 Reduced flow during dry season

Increase of flow 0-5%

Between 0 - 250 m2 of farmland or riverbank garden

5 Baseline flow conditions maintained

No significant impact

Baseline conditions maintained

No farmland or riverbank garden impact

The weights of sub-criteria were determined on expert basis i.e. by ICEM for the E&S criteria and RHDHV for the technical criteria in consultation with the PMU, DWIR and WB in June 2017. The MCA process was organized jointly by PMU, ICEM and RHDHV. In addition to ongoing consultations, an internal technical meeting in Yangon and MCA workshop in Mandalay were conducted as part of the MCA process.

1.4.2 Internal MCA technical meeting

A technical workshop was conducted on Monday 21st August with PMU, WB, ICEM and RHDHV in Yangon to:

Present modelling results, criteria and updated scores for each scenario by RHDHV;

Present the updated E&S scores for each scenario by ICEM;

Discuss scenario criteria and decision making on preferred scenario;



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Prioritize the upstream and downstream scenarios to be presented at the MCA workshop in Mandalay; and

Discuss the cost and benefit, possible E&S impacts and measures for prioritized design options for MCA workshop.

The key outcome of the meeting was the prioritisation of the upstream and downstream scenarios to be considered at the MCA workshop in Mandalay, these scenarios are summarised in Table 1.4. The E&S description cards for each of these options below is included as Annex 1.

Table 1.4: Upstream and downstream scenarios

Upstream

scenarios

Scenario A3. Roughness zone in secondary channels with pile fields, porcupines and

wood pile groynes. Combined with dredging for upstream areas (OPEX).

Scenario A5. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel (at Mandalay

Port area and upstream), potentially combined with temporary responsive measures in

secondary channels."

Scenario A7. Low rock guide bund just south of Mingun + low groynes just upstream of

Mandalay Port area.

Downstream

scenarios

Scenario B2. Flow guiding bank structure opposite Amarapura floodplain, combined

with AUDP.

Scenario B4. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel, without AUDP

1.4.3 Mandalay MCA workshop

The final MCA workshop was conducted in Mandalay Monday August 28th 2017. The MCA workshop was attended by Union, Mandalay and Sagaing region governments, NGOs and universities, the agenda and participant list is included in Annex 2. The objectives of this multi-stakeholder workshop were to

Present the results of the MCA for the upstream and downstream scenarios;

Provide feedback on the process, comments and discussion of the MCA results;

Identify any additional technical, cost-benefit, environmental or social issues; and

Outline the next steps for preliminary design and the ESIA process. The results of the MCA process for the upstream scenarios (Figure 1.4) and downstream scenarios (Figure 1.5) were presented and formed the basis of group work to discuss the impacts and benefits of each of the scenarios.

Figure 1.4: MCA results for upstream scenarios



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Figure 1.5: MCA results for downstream scenarios

Following the MCA workshop, the PMU and DWIR reviewed the suggestions and feedback from stakeholders and selected Scenario A3. Roughness zone in secondary channels with zone of porcupines/groynes and dredging near Mandalay port area (Figure 1.6). The main benefit of the zone of porcupines/groynes is that the interventions are a low cost, flexible approach with less environmental and social impacts than Scenario A7. Low guide bund + low groynes. Scenario B4. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel was selected in the downstream area (Figure 1.7). Figure 1.6: Scenario A3 for upstream area

Figure 1.7: Scenario B4 for downstream area

1.5 Objectives of the ESIA and ESMP

The objectives contribute to the overall and development goals under the larger context for the AIRBMP and promote EIA procedures in Myanmar. The specific objectives of the ESIA and ESMP are presented below in Table 1.5.



2

Table 1.5: Specific objectives of the ESIA and ESMP

Process Objectives

ESIA The preparation of an ESIA for the design alternatives proposed by RHDHV for river training

structures and dredging for Subproject 1

i. effectively identifies environmental and social impacts

ii. ensures an integrated decision-making process wherein environmental and social impacts

are identified, and possible adverse effects can be avoided and/or minimized

iii. informs and consults with the public concerning the ongoing projects and their potential

impacts on the environment and social systems

iv. promotes sustainable use and conservation of the natural resources and ecosystems in the

Subproject 1 area.

ESMP Preparing, monitoring and reporting on an ESMP for Subproject 1 to:

i. define measures which avoid and mitigate negative impacts and enhance benefits of the

proposed developments

ii. guide the ongoing process of monitoring and reporting on implementation of Subproject 1

iii. enhance the benefits of use and conservation of the natural resources and ecosystems in

the project area

iv. help manage and mitigate environmental and social impacts.

The main outputs for each part are:

Part A (i): Draft and Final ESIA report

Part A (ii): Draft and Final ESMP Report, this is drawn from the Part A (i) assessment.



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2 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

2.1 Overview of the policy, legal and institutional framework

The following legislation constitute the key components of the legal framework for environmental conservation and assessment in Myanmar.

2.1.1 2008 Constitution

The 2008 Myanmar Constitution provides several important references to environmental conservation and sustainable development. Section 390 states that “Every citizen has the duty to assist the Union in carrying out the following matters”:

Preservation and safeguarding of cultural heritage

Environmental conservation

Striving for development of human resources

Protection and preservation of public property. Importantly from the point of dealing with environmental and social (E&S) impacts of a development, the Constitution also limits the granted rights to own and use property (Section 372). Article 37 declares: The Union

is the ultimate owner of all lands and all natural resources above and below the ground, above and beneath the water and in the atmosphere in the Union

shall enact necessary law to supervise extraction and utilization of State-owned natural resources by economic forces

shall permit citizens right of private property, right of inheritance, right of private initiative and patent in accord with the law.

Article 357 further states that the Union shall protect the privacy and security of home, property, correspondence and other communications of citizens under the law subject to the provisions of this Constitution.

2.1.2 Environmental Conservation Law (2012)

The legal basis for conducting an ESIA in Myanmar is provided by the Environmental Conservation Law (2012)2, subsequent provisions under the Environmental Conservation Rules (2014)3 and the EIA Procedures (2015). A Draft Guideline on Public Participation in EIA is currently being prepared to provide details on stakeholder engagement. The key components of the EIA process as per Myanmar environmental legislation are presented in Table 2.1below.

Table 2.1: Summary of requirements under EIA Procedure (2015)

Descriptions

Environmental Conservation Law (2012) Environmental Conservation Rules (2014) EIA Procedures(2015)

Triggers Projects (governmental and private) with significant environmental impact

Certain projects will be subject to a less-detailed analysis in an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE). EIA Procedure (2015), secs. 2(u), 36. According to the Procedure, IEE-type projects "have some Adverse Impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for EIA Type Projects. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 2(c).

Appendix 2 of the EIA Procedure (2015) contains a flowchart describing the levels of assessment.

3Environmental Conservation Rules, Notification No. 50/2014



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Descriptions


Responsibilities The project proponent must appoint a registered third person or organization to carry out the EIA investigation and reporting. Prior to commencement of the EIA, the project proponent shall inform the department in writing as to the identity of the duly registered person(s) and/or organization it has selected to undertake the EIA investigation and reporting. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 45.

All costs incurred in completing the EIA report disclosure and review, including the public consultation process, shall be borne by the project proponent. EIA Procedure (2015), sec.69

EIA Procedure (2015). sec. 17 explains EIA contractor’s qualification details.

Public participation

Upon completion of its review of the EIA report, the Ministry shall: . . . c) publicly and timely disclose its decision by appropriate means. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 70. Public Participation

Disclosure Public notice of final EIA detail has to be disclosed not later than fifteen (15) days after submission of the EIA report to the department, the project proponent shall disclose the EIA report to civil society, PAPs, local communities and other concerned stakeholders: (i) by means of national media (i.e. newspapers); (ii) the website(s) of the project or project proponent; (iii) at public meeting places (e.g. libraries, community halls); and (iv) at the offices of the project proponent. EIA Procedure sec. 65.

Upon receipt of the EIA report, the ministry will make the EIA report publicly available. EIA Procedure, sec. 66

The EIA Procedure (2015) requires the project proponent to provide timely disclosure of all relevant information about the proposed project. EIA investigations must include all necessary data collection, technical studies, modeling, field surveys, field sampling, laboratory analysis, engineering designs and calculations, and consultations to determine and document that all feasible measures are taken to ensure that all residual impacts are within applicable limits and are acceptable to the ministry and interested and affected persons. EIA Procedure (2015), secs. 57, 61

Screening EIA Procedure (2015), secs. 25-28 and Annex 1

The project proponent shall submit the project proposal to the ministry for screening. EIA Procedure, sec. 23(a). S

Sections 23-30 EIA Procedure describes the screening process.

Terms of References

Based on the scoping, the project proponent shall prepare the TOR for the EIA investigations in accordance with applicable guidelines issued or adopted by the ministry. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 52

Decision-maker review

90 days (may be extended)

EIA Report requirements

EIA Procedure (2015 secs. 62-63) explains detailed requirements

Monitoring and inspection by MONREC, relevant government departments and organizations

EIA Procedure (2015) secs. 106 - 122 explain monitoring and inspection by the MONREC and relevant government department and organizations.

The project proponent shall be responsible for self-monitoring compliance with applicable laws, the rules, this procedure, standards, the ECC, and the EMP; notify and identify breaches or any failures of obligations to the ministry within 24 hours; and then the project proponent shall submit the monitoring report not less than every six months. Sec. 106

The Ministry has the right, using the department’s officers at national, regional, state, Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory and/or local offices, the services of any consultant, or both, to conduct monitoring and inspections of a project and activities related thereto in order to control and determine compliance by the project with all applicable environmental and socio-economical requirements and, where possible, to prevent violations of the project’s obligations. The Ministry may also, for the implementation of monitoring and inspections, enlist the assistance of other relevant government departments and organizations. EIA Procedure, sec. 111



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Descriptions


Prior Permission The ministry may, in issuing the prior permission, stipulate terms and conditions relating to environmental conservation. Environmental Conservation Law (2012), sec. 24.

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)

Upon completion of its review of the EIA Report, the ministry shall; a) approve the EIA Report with the guidance of the committee, subject to any conditions as may be prescribed, and issue an ECC. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 70.

An ECC issued by the ministry shall be valid for a period of five (5) years from the date of issuance. Six (6) months prior to expiration of an ECC issued by the ministry, the project proponent may apply to the ministry for an extension." EIA Procedure, sec. 93

Type of impacts and analysis

Cumulative environmental impacts, social impacts, cultural impacts, health impacts and economic impacts. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 63, Part 6.0 (Impact and Risk Assessment and Mitigation Measures)

Appeal process Within thirty (30) days of public disclosure that the EIA Report has been approved or rejected by the ministry, any project proponent, person or organization which submitted the EIA Report in accordance with this procedure, and any other person or organization potentially affected by any adverse impacts of the project, shall have the right to file an appeal to the committee through the ministry with respect to the ministry decision to reject or approve such EIA Report. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 71.

Public comment on EIA

Upon receipt of the EIA Report from the project proponent, the ministry shall ;b) invite comments and suggestions on the EIA Report from all relevant parties including involved government organizations, institutions, civil society organizations and PAPs, as appropriate. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 67.

The EIA shall consider the views, concerns and perceptions of stakeholders, communities and individuals that could be affected by the project or who otherwise have an interest in the project. The EIA shall include the results of consultations with the public, affected populations and other stakeholders on the environmental and social issues. The concerns raised during such consultations shall be considered in assessing impacts, designing mitigation measures, and in the development of management and monitoring plans. EIA Procedure (2015), sec. 60.

2.1.3 National Environmental Quality Guidelines (NEQC)

One other policy tool that supports the EIA review is the NEQC, passed by ECD in 2015. The EIA review body scrutinizes project proposals on their plan to comply with the NEQG, which compose of general and industrial specific pollutant maximum-limit guidelines on both air emission and effluence discharges as well as noise limits and exposure limits on transmission activities. Although river training works and dredging is not a part of the list for industry-specific guidelines for air emission and effluent discharges, the following categories and sub-categories may apply to various stages of the project:

General guidelines on air emissions;

General guidelines on wastewater, storm water runoff, effluent and sanitary discharges;

General guidelines on noise levels; and

General guidelines on site runoff and wastewater discharges (construction phase). In cases where values set by the relevant ministries or the state and local governments are different from NEQG values, the project must comply with more stringent limits. Currently that is not the case, and the NEQG, therefore, has become the de facto emission and effluent standard for industrial practices and development projects.

2.1.4 Conservation of Water Resources and River Law (2006)

Considering the nature of the project, an important component of the legal framework is also the Conservation of Water Resources and Rivers Law (2006).4 The aims of this law are as follows; (a) to

4 Conservation of Water Resources and Rivers Law (The State Peace and Development Council Law No. 8/2006).



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conserve and protect the water resources and river systems for beneficial utilization by the public; (b) to ensure smooth and safe waterway navigation along rivers and creeks; (c) to contribute to the development of state economy through improving water resources and river system; and (d) to protect the environment against negative impacts.

2.2 National institutional setting for EIA

The key authority responsible for the EIA is the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MONREC), a focal agency for overall environmental management in Myanmar. Within MONREC the Environmental Conservation Department (ECD) is the central EIA-relevant authority at the national level. At the regional and local level, the ECD structure is currently being implemented across the country: 67 district-level ECD offices and 336 township offices were established from2016. This model adopts the structure of the Forest Department of MONREC. Sharing institutional responsibilities relevant to the environmental management both between the ECD offices at various levels and with the state, regional, and local governments makes the ECD and important component of the national EIA system.

2.3 The World Bank´s Environmental Assessment and related safeguard policies

The WB has ten (plus one) environmental and social policies which are known as safeguard policies.5Table 2.2 summarizes the WB Group operational policies relevant to the project.

Table 2.2: WB safeguard policies potentially triggered by Subproject 1

Safeguard policy Application to the project

OP/BP 4.01 on

Environmental

Assessment

Applicable

Project is considered Category B so an ESIA and ESMP are required.

OP/BP 4.04 on

Natural Habitats

Applicable

Due to occurrence of important natural habitats near Subproject 1.

OP/BP 4.11 on

Physical Cultural

Resources

Potentially applicable

No Physical Cultural Resources (PCRs) impacts are anticipated. Nonetheless,

given Myanmar’s rich cultural heritage there is a possibility that PCRs could be

unearthed or affected during works

OP/BP 4.12 on

Involuntary

Resettlement


The navigation enhancement under Component 3 may entail temporary

occupation of land or trigger the need for involuntary resettlement

(OP/BP 4.10) on

Indigenous Peoples


The initial ethnic screening did not find ethnic minority communities in the

area where navigation improvements will be carried out

Bank Policy on

Disclosure of

Information

Applicable

A series of free, prior and informed public consultations is conducted within the

course of the project implementation in accordance with World Bank policy

requirements. Prior to the public consultations, relevant project documents will

be disclosed to stakeholders and local non-Government Organizations (NGOs).

The Burmese and English versions of these documents will be disclosed in

country and at the World Bank’s InfoShop in Washington, DC prior to appraisal.

The World Bank screens all projects and classifies them into one of four categories (Category A, B, C, and FI), depending on the type, location, sensitivity, and scale of the project and the nature and magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. Subproject 1 has been classified by WB as Category

5 A new World Bank Environmental and Social Framework, which will replace current WB Safeguard Policies, has been approved in 2016 and is under implementation. Since it will not be officially in effect until 2018, operations under the AIRBMP project continue to apply the “old” World Bank Safeguard Policies.



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B. Table 2.3below indicates requirements stipulated by the WB OP/BP 4.01 on Environmental Assessment (EA) for Category B projects.

Table 2.3: WB OP/BP 4.01 EA requirements for Category B projects.

Descriptions OP/BP 4.01

Triggers All projects financed by the World Bank. EA process depth will depend on the risk and

impacts associated with the project

Responsibilities Borrower leads the EA process

Public participation For all Category A and B projects, during the EA process, the borrower consults

project-affected groups and local NGOs about the project's environmental and social

aspects and takes their views into account. The borrower initiates such consultations

as early as possible.

Disclosure The borrower provides relevant material in a timely manner prior to consultation

and in a form and language that are understandable and accessible to the groups

being consulted.

Any Category B report is made available to project-affected groups and local

NGOs. Public availability in the borrowing country and official receipt by the bank

of Category A reports, and of any Category B report, are prerequisites to bank

appraisal of these projects.

Once the borrower officially transmits any separate Category B EA report to the

bank, the bank makes it available through its InfoShop.

If the borrower objects to the bank's releasing an EA report through the World

Bank InfoShop, bank staff (a) do not continue processing an IDA project; or (b)

for an IBRD project, submit the issue of further processing to the EDs.

EIA Report

requirements

The EA needs to include assessment of project alternatives; cumulative impacts;

specific mitigation measures and monitoring activities.

In addition to the applicable WB policies and regulations, an important guidance for conducting EA within the project is the International Finance Corporation´s (IFC) Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability (Table 2.4).

Table 2.4: IFC Performance standards relevance for ESIA of Subproject 1

IFC Performance standards Relevance to ESIA of Subproject 1

1. Assessment and management

of environmental and social

risks and impacts

The potential for significant E&S risks and impacts will be analyzed for

Subproject 1

The ESMP will be developed for Subproject 1 implementation.

2. Labour and working

conditions

Impact on economic growth, employment, and income of local

communities will be subject to analysis in the ESIA of Subproject 1

Occupational health and safety and protection of basic rights for workers

will be considered in preparation of the ESMP for Subproject 1.

3. Resource efficiency and

pollution prevention.

Construction and dredging activities can often generate higher levels of air-,

water- and land-pollution

4. Community health, safety and

security

Potential impacts on communities will be subject of analysis in the ESIA

(Subproject 1)

5. Land acquisition and

involuntary resettlement

Compensations issues for loss of income/livelihoods may be considered within

the Subproject 1 (depending on selected technical design)

6. Biodiversity conservation and

sustainable management of

living natural resources

Protection of biodiversity and the sustainable management and use of natural

resources will be analyzed for Subproject 1.



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IFC Performance standards Relevance to ESIA of Subproject 1

7. Indigenous peoples There may be no significant impact to indigenous people since there are no

indigenous communities along the potentially affected areas

8. Cultural heritage Amarapura and Innwa are ancient cities and there are also many pagodas,

temples and areas of cultural significance along the Ayeyarwady River.

2.4 Key GOM policy and strategies for the development of the ARB

In addition to the AIRBMP, there are several other policies and sectoral planning documents that form a context for the project implementation and that need to be taken into consideration for both ESIA/ESMP for Subproject 1. Among these are:

Policies prepared by the National Water Resources Committee (NWRC), namely the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Strategy for Myanmar supported by the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment;

Fishery policy of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation;

National Transport Development Master Plan, which was completed in 2014 and mostly focused on Yangon and Mandalay;

MCDC have prepared a draft Urban Development Concept Plan in 2014 with a vision for Mandalay to be a “green cultural city, with clean air, a centre of tourism, a trade and logistics hub, and an IT centre for upper Myanmar”.

Further identification of relevant policies and plans will be conducted through consultation with Union and sub-national government as a part of the ESIA for Subproject 1.

2.5 Planned investment of development projects in Subproject 1

The following major planned investments or development projects located in vicinity of Subproject 1 that have potential to significantly impact or alter existing conditions or assumptions considered during the preparation of the ESIA of Subproject 1.

Amarapura Urban Development Project (AUDP): will be undertaken on more than 1012 ha (2500 acres) of land located along the Ayeyarwady riverbank south of Mandalay in Amarapura Township. Currently, the company is preparing the EIA and socio-economic impact assessment (SIA) reports. Work on the Amarapura Urban Development Project is expected to start in October 2017 and will take 10 years to complete. It will feature modern hotels, hospitals, schools, harbours, shopping centres, parks and buildings. The company is currently acquiring land for the project, including reclaiming alluvial land along the bank of Ayeyarwady River.

Mandalay Port: The Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has submitted a

proposal to DWIR to develop the Mandalay Port, including container facilities.

Identification of other relevant projects and plans will be conducted as a part of the stakeholder consultations for the ESIA for Subproject 1.

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3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE

The consultation and communication plan outlines the steps for disclosure of documents and the engagement with relevant stakeholders potentially affected by Subproject 1 and aims to meets the legal requirements for the Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) and WB safeguard policies. According to Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) and the draft guidelines for public participation, the consultation and communication plan is meant to not only collect information, but to allow stakeholders to participate in the decision making around projects. The key objectives of this plan are to:

identify stakeholders and stakeholder groups and the most effective communication methods through which to disseminate project information;

build an open and constructive relationship with stakeholders;

develop a stakeholder engagement process that provides stakeholders with an opportunity to influence project planning and design; and

understand the stakeholder engagement requirements of Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) and WB safeguard policies.

The kick-off meeting, initial social surveys in Subproject 1 area, public consultation on the draft scoping report and the MCA workshop have already been completed and are described below.

3.1 Legal requirements for public disclosure and consultation

The Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) prescribes requirements in relation to public disclosure, participation and access to information. The project proponent should ensure public consultations in the following stages:

Scoping process for the likely environmental impacts of proposed project;

Preparing an EIA report; and

Carrying out a review of the EIA report. Article 50 of the EIA Procedures (2015) requires that information on the proposed project be disclosed to the public and civil society through websites, local media and signboards at the project site visible to the public. Additionally, consultation meetings should be conducted with the ministry, local communities, potentially affected parties, local authorities, community based organizations and civil society, and appropriate and timely explanations should be provided via press conferences and media interviews.

Article 60 stipulates that the EIA should consider the views, concerns, and perceptions of stakeholders, communities and individuals that could be affected by the project or who otherwise have an interest in the project. The EIA shall include the results of consultations with the public, affected populations and other stakeholders on the environmental and social issues. The concerns raised during such consultations shall be considered in assessing impacts, designing mitigation measures, and developing

management and monitoring plans.

In terms of relevant international guidance, WB safeguard instrument OP 4.01 EA provisions related to public consultation and information disclosure will be applied for the ESIA/ESMP of Subproject 1.

3.2 Stakeholder engagement

3.2.1 Kick of meeting

An introductory kick-off meeting was held on 28 March2017 at DWIR, Yangon with PMU, EC- RHDHV, and the E&S consultant (ICEM) to address both the ESIA for Subproject 1 and ESA for Stretch 1. The purpose of this meeting was to review the draft work plan and the table of contents for this Scoping Report.



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3.2.2 Social and livelihood surveys:

Due to rising water levels and to prepare for the MCA, initial social surveys were undertaken in a May 2017 at 11 villages and one temporary fishing settlement in the Subproject 1 area. The initial social surveys included:

individual interviews with government and municipal staff from the organizations and departments;

key informant interviews (KIIs);

Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), including the following activities: o Participatory mapping of the surrounding land and water use o Timeline of major events related to the river such as flooding o Use of IWT and local boat transport o Seasonal farming calendar of agricultural land on the island and on riverbank.

Consultation with fishers and farmers who are living in the temporary settlements in the project area.

Further results on the social and livelihood surveys is provided below in Section 5.6.3.

3.2.3 Public consultation on Scoping Report for ESIA

To comply with the Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) and World Bank policy, a public consultation was held on Friday 4th August 2017 to provide stakeholder with the opportunity to review and provided inputs to the draft Scoping Report and the overall approach and methodology for the ESIA. The draft Scoping Report was translated to Myanmar language and uploaded to the DWIR and ICEM website two weeks prior to the public consultation. The draft Scoping Report released on July 10, 2017 included the approach and methodology to assess all the proposed combinations of upstream and downstream scenarios for Subproject 1.

The public consultation was attended by 70 participants, including; 18 region/township representatives, 18 village tract administrators, 29 civil society organisations (e.g. environmental, community development group, universities) and 5 villagers, the participant list is included in Annex 2. The key concerns items to be included in the ESIA included:

Additional dredging and river training works: Concerns were raised about future subprojects that will be carried out from Mandalay to Bagan (Stretch 1). It was explained that future projects would require IEE or EIA and the ESA of stretch 1 would be used to inform baseline environmental and social values.

AUDP: concerns were raised around the impacts of the AUDP. DWIR and PMU explained that the AUDP is a separate project which is also undergoing a separate IEE/EIA process to analyse the environmental and social impacts.

Enhance understanding of Ayeyarwady River: Some groups expressed views that the ESIA and modelling by RHDHV will help to understand the river better and be used to inform planning and management of the Ayeyarwady Basin.

Integrated study: Some participants expressed positive views on the integrated study of biodiversity, aquatic, environmental and social aspects for planning of sub-project 1.

Translation of draft scoping report: Participants recommended checking the Myanmar translation of technical terms for the ESIA to avoid any confusion.

Extend the project area: One participant suggested that the project area should be extended to consider all impacts, however it was explained that the geographic scope of the project will be better defined when the design for Subproject 1 is finalised.

Flooding: the village tract representatives recommended that the impacts of flooding is included in the ESIA and modelling to ensure that the proposed design options will not exacerbate flood or inundation risks. The participants also raised the issue of increasing flood risk to Mandalay city, however it was explained by RHDHV that this would not occur as a result of the proposed interventions.



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Land Acquisition and Resettlement: Concerns and worries were raised about potential land acquisition issues and PMU, DWIR, RHDHV and ICEM explained the potential scope of designed scenarios and that ICEM will conduct further social survey after the preliminary design phase.

Local employment opportunities: it was recommended that the use of local materials could help to create local employment opportunities during the construction of the proposed designs.

Grievance mechanisms: Participants recommended considering a grievance mechanism to deal with complaints and concerns raised by communities, this will be done prior to construction in consolation with local communities.

Compensation for livelihoods and income: Some participants were concerned that farmers and fishers may lose income as a result of Subproject 1, it was explained that these issues will be included in the preparation for the abbreviated resettlement action plan (ARAP). In relation to compensation it was also pointed out by one participant that people living in the area should receive more compensation that migrants or temporary villages.

3.2.4 MCA workshop

The MCA workshop was conducted with stakeholders in Mandalay on Monday 28th August 2017, to select the most cost-effective and sustainability solution Subproject 1 and decide on its implementation. The outcomes and process of the MCA workshop was described above in section 1.4.

3.3 Planned stakeholder engagement activities

The following stakeholder engagement activities will be implementing during the remainder of the ESIA/ESMP. Roundtable meetings and direct discussions: Meetings and formal/informal discussions will take place while working alongside DWIR and RHDHV and during the site visits in townships for both ESIA for Subproject 1. ESIA/ESMP-specific consultations: These will be formal consultations as per Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015). See section 2.1 above. Final stakeholder workshop for Draft ESIA/ESMP The final stakeholder workshops will involve a range of stakeholders from local and national departments, international communities, NGOs, CSOs and university and research institutes to review the draft ESIA and ESMP report and provide comments and suggestions through group discussion and activities. The team will ensure that these meet the public consultation requirements of the Myanmar EIA Procedure (2015) and WB safeguard policies in respect to public disclosure prior to the workshop.

3.4 Stakeholder identification

Stakeholder are persons or groups who are directly or indirectly affected by a project and those with an interest in a project and/or the ability to influence its outcome, either positively or negatively. They may include locally affected communities or individuals and their formal or informal representatives, national or local government authorities, politicians, religious leaders, CSOs and groups with special interests, the academic community or other businesses (IFC 2007).6

Stakeholder analysis determines the likely relationship between stakeholders and the project, and helps to identify the effective communication methods for each stakeholder group during the life of the project. Table 3.1below provides and overview of the preliminary results of the stakeholder analysis including the stakeholder, type of communication, potential role in the ESIA/ESMP of Subproject 1.

6IFC. (2007). Stakeholder engagement, A Good Practice Handbook for Companies Doing Business in Emergying Markets. International Finance Corporation, Washington, U.S.A



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Table 3.1: Stakeholder analysis

Stakeholders Type of Communication Potential Role Process

Union government departments

DWIR

Official correspondence by

phone/email/text messaging

Individual interviews

Formal meetings

Project Partner: Assist with key

data on water quality from 2010-

2015 for the Mandalay station, IWT

trade and transport statistics, data

and information from SOBA

packages relevant to the

Subproject 1 area.

ESIA

Ministry of

Agriculture,

Livestock and

Irrigation (MOALI):

Irrigation and

Water Resource

Utilization

Department

(WRUD)




Formal meetings

Provide data/information on

irrigation to farmland and location

of water intakes.

ESIA

MOALI: Department

of Fisheries (DOF)




Formal meetings

Provide fisheries production,

consumption or species

distribution data for Mandalay

region

ESIA

Department of

Agriculture




Formal meetings

Provide information on agricultural

statistics and land plots in

Subproject 1 area.

ESIA

ECD Official correspondence by



Formal meetings

Guidance on EIA scoping and final

report and public consultation

ESIA

Regional Government and Local Government

Mandalay regional

offices

Consultation meetings

Acquire available local information ESIA

Township

Municipality

Individual interviews Acquire available local information ESIA

MCDC Individual interviews and

consultations meetings

ESIA

NGOs/CSOs

NGOs Correspondence by



Publishing ESIA and ESMP on

WB website

Stakeholder workshop

Project status, impacts and

measures undertaken disclosed for

feedback on issues and concerns

ESIA

CSOs Correspondence by



Project status, impacts and

measures undertaken disclosed for

feedback on issues and concerns

ESIA



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Stakeholders Type of Communication Potential Role Process


WB website

Consultation meetings

Local communities and project affected peoples

Local communities Consultation meetings

Participatory social survey

Information Centre at project

site

Public noticeboards,

Information delivered to local

communities using the land or

operating in Subproject 1 areas.

ESIA

Transport users and

vulnerable group,

including

fishermen,

passengers, daily

workers and

vendors

Individual Interviews

Social Survey

Information Centre at project

site

Public notice boards, safety

signs

Information delivered to residents

/ businesses using the land or

operating in areas affected by the

project

ESIA

Private Sector and Universities

RHDHV Correspondence by


Formal meetings

Provide available data ESIA

Business

Association

Association

members

Boat owners

Social Survey

Individual Interview

Provide available data ESIA

Universities and

research institutes

Correspondence by




WB website

Stakeholder workshop

Share knowledge and experiences

of academic research and

comment on ESIA report by email

or through website

ESIA

The stakeholder analysis will be further developed as more stakeholders are identified in the implementation of the ESIA/ESMP.

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4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS

This Chapter briefly describes the environmental and socio-economic baseline conditions in the Subproject 1 for hydrology, geomorphology, water quality, biodiversity and fisheries and socio-economics. The geographic area of potential immediate impacts from the Subproject 1 is around 8 km East-West by 15 km North-South. Further baseline assessment will be undertaken and the sources of data and approach to analysing these issues is outlined in Chapter 5.

4.1 Hydrology

4.1.1 Ayeyarwady River Basin

The 2,170 km long Ayeyarwady River has a catchment area of 413,710 km2, of which 91% lies within Myanmar, around 21,400 km2 (5%) in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (mostly Yunnan), and 17,400 km2 (4%) in India (Manipur and Nagaland). The Ayeyarwady Basin is the largest and most economically significant river basin in Myanmar, comprising 66% of the national population, and 61% of total land area. The river flows are highly seasonal with 10% of the yearly discharge drained during the dry season, and 90% during the monsoon season (May to November).

With a total annual flow of around 400 km3, the Ayeyarwady ranks as the 22ndlargestriver in the world

in terms of discharge. It isa monsoonal flood-pulse river, with strongseasonal flow, peaking during

the wetseason between July - September and reducing byan order of magnitude during the dry season meaning that people experience both severe flooding and droughts. The Ayeyarwady River mainstream is navigable for 1,534 km from the sea, opening a vast highway deep into the Dry Zone and interior of the basin.

4.1.2 Subproject 1 area

The Subproject 1 area is located at Mandalay and Sagaing. At Sagaing, the basin area is 120,193 km2 and the annual mean flow is about 240,109 m3/yr. Variation between high and low water levels is significant due to the monsoonal character of the seasons, the highest point in discharge is generally recorded in August and the lowest in February. An annual average flow of 7,630 m3/s is measured at Sagaing gauging station, with an average base flow of around 2,000 m3/s and an average high flow of 18,000 m3/s. A hydrograph for Sagaing is shown in Figure 4.1. At Mandalay, a water level range of approximately 10 m has been measured between low-water level and flood level, respectively.

Figure 4.1: Hydrograph of Sagaing based on daily discharge for the period 1980-2014

Date source: DMH

4.2 Geomorphology

River morphology describes the shape of river channels and the change in shape and direction over time. A river channel is shaped by a number of processes and environmental conditions, including the composition of the river bed and banks (e.g., sand, clay, bedrock). An alluvial river is a river in which



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the bed and banks are made up of mobile sediment. Alluvial rivers are therefore self-formed, meaning that their channels are shaped by sediment transported in the river and by erosion and deposition, which in turn depend on the magnitude and frequency of the floods, and the ability of these floods to erode, deposit, and transport sediment.

The morphology of the Subproject 1 area is complex. From inspection of satellite images, it seems that certain features are remarkably stable, while other features seem to be more temporary. Upstream of Mingyun, the right bank is made of hard non-erodible material. At part of this section, the deep channel is consistently attracted to the non-erodible bank (marked “A” in Figure 4.2) whereas the deep channel fluctuates from the right to the left bank further upstream. The deep channel meanders within the river belt and a stable deep channel along the left bank at Mandalay is noticed (“B”). The stability of the Mandalay channel is probably caused by the “fixation” of the channel along the right bank at “A”. Further downstream at Sagaing, the river width seems to be confined by rocky outcrops at both right and left bank (at “C” and further downstream).

In the middle reach of the Subproject1 area (opposite Mandalay) the channel along the right bank seems to have a lifecycle where it grows to a similar size as the channel at Mandalay (“B”) followed by a decline. It is difficult to determine the factors controlling the cyclic behaviour of this channel pattern. It is, however, important to understand that most of the braid belt is submerged during high flows (Figure 4.2) and that enormous quantities of sediment are being transported through the river during the annual floods, with huge potential for erosion and deposition of the channels, bars, islands and riverbanks. After each flood season, the channels, bars, islands and riverbanks are thus left in a different location than they were before.

Figure 4.2: Dry-season (January) satellite images of Subproject 1 area. From left to right: 1990, 1998 and 2017



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Figure 4.3: Wet-season (August 1998) satellite image of Subproject 1 area.

4.3 Water quality

As the population of Mandalay increases (1.2 million people in 2013), the Subproject 1 area is experiencing increased pressure on water quality from urban run-off, and domestic and industrial waste waters discharging into the river. The increase in both large cargo boats and barges and passenger boats increases the risks of oil spillage, and no boats have on-board treatment and disposal systems for waste water and contaminated bilge water. In a rapid survey of water quality in the Ayeyarwady River it was observed that it is a common practice for cities along the river, such as Mandalay, to dispose solid wastes, untreated stormwater, industrial wastewater and raw sewage directly into the river. As a result, localized pollution from urban areas (both solid waste and polluted water) represent a significant threat to water quality (Bowles, 2013).7 Baseline sampling will include surface and groundwater quality in the Subproject 1 area and is detailed in section 5.

4.4 Biodiversity and fisheries

The Subproject 1 area consists of an anastomose channel (two or more interconnected channels that enclose floodplains). The difference in height between wet and dry season levels is considerable, with many of the low-lying sand islands being completely covered in the wet season, and drying out in the dry season, leaving isolated pools. These changes in water levels and sediment transport provide important aquatic ecosystems for freshwater fauna and flora. The recession of sandbars and islets also provide unique habitats for both endemic and migratory birds.

There are no Threatened, Vulnerable (VU), Endangered (EN) or Critically Endangered (CR) species of aquatic fauna or flora in the Subproject 1 area.8The main fishing season is in September/October and fishing is restricted between mid May to August to allow for fish spawning and growing. There are no

7 Bowles, J. 2013. Ayeyarwady, the river endangered. Report for Myanmar Development Research Institute, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258048296_Ayeyarwaddy_The_River_Endangered 8 Smith, B.D. (2004) Orcaella brevirostris (Ayeyarwady River subpopulation). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T44556A10919593.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258048296_Ayeyarwaddy_The_River_Endangered



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key biodiversity areas (KBAs) or protected areas (PAs) in the Subproject 1 area. The Irrawaddy Dolphin Protected Area (IDPA) stretches 74 km of river starting from Mingun in the south up to Kyaukmyaung and Singu townships in the north. The distribution of the Irrawaddy Dolphin distribution is currently being mapped by WCS and reports have found distribution ranges from Bhamo to Mingun. The key sources for data for further assessing fisheries and biodiversity is listed in Chapter 5.

4.5 Land use

The area on the island and west and east bank is highly modified with mainly cultivation land and small patches of shrubland and opened forest. The land cover types of the proposed project area were analyzed during the field survey in May 2017 using GIS and remote sensing (RS) techniques. The area was dominated by the land cover types of mixed shrub and grass land, and built-up or settlement areas. The areas with relatively dense plants or open forest areas were observed with young trees and shrubs.



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Figure 4.4: Land use/land cover in Subproject 1 area

4.6 Socio-economic conditions and livelihood

The geographic area of potential immediate impacts from the Subproject 1 is around 8 km East-West by 15 km North-South. There is a total of 9 Village Tracts (VTs) in the Subproject 1 area that can be divided into four areas for the ESIA: 1) On island, 2) West bank, 3) East bank (upstream), and, 4) East bank (downstream) (Figure 4.5). The populations and townships that each village tract belongs to is summarised in Table 4.1 below.



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Figure 4.5: Village Tracts in Subproject 1 area



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Table 4.1: Village tracts and population in Subproject 1 area

Area Township Village Tract Male Female Population

On island Pa Thein Gyi

Bo HlaKone 1,199 1,481 2,680

Kyun Sin 355 381 736

GyaintGyi 364 442 806

West Bank Sagaing

Let Pan 1,002 1,171 2,173

Chaung Pak 1,360 1,408 2,768

Htan Taw 914 950 1,864

War Chet 2,398 2,257 4,655

East Bank (upstream) Pa Thein Gyi Min Ye Hla 1,577 1,810 3,387

East Bank (downstream) Amarapura Shan KalayKyun 1,831 1,918 3,749

All 11,000 11,818 22,818

In May 2017, the team involved 11 villages and one temporary fishing settlement in social surveys, focus group discussions and participatory mapping. On the East bank, there are also several ports/berthing sites and the city of Mandalay with various infrastructure and activities such as hotels, supply businesses for river transport and recreation areas. This information was used to inform the MCA process for selecting the most sustainable design option.



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5 APPROACH TO THE BASELINE AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT

5.1 Scope of the assessment

The area of influence and boundaries will be finalised for ESIA/ESMP once the preliminary design options for the zones of porcupines/groynes and dredging are finalised (Figure 1.1). The ESIA for the Subproject 1 area will include:

Sites of the civil works and related direct physical effects i.e. areas directly upstream and downstream of the zones of porcupines/groynes

Areas directly downstream of dredging and the dispersal of dredged sediment; and

Areas of potential ecological, socio-economic and/or cultural changes induced by the subproject both in the upstream and downstream areas.

The precise definition of spatial and temporal scope of conducted analyses will be issue-specific and its applicability in the context of the study will be verified once the exact location and type of porcupines/groynes and area dredging is provided by RHDHV. The approach and methodology for the baseline and impact assessment is determined for each of the key themes in the following sections.



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Figure 5.1: Planned zones of porcupines/groynes and dredging in Subproject 1 area

A substantive focus of the baseline and impact assessment for the ESIA/ESMP is outlined in this this chapter. The indicative key themes discussed with the PMU at the kick-off meeting are based on the project TOR and include: 1) hydrology, 2) geomorphology 3) water quality, 4) biodiversity and fisheries, and 5) socio-economic conditions and livelihoods. For each of the key themes a baseline and impact assessment proposal is outlined below consisting of two key components:



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1. Sources and literature review; and 2. Approach and methodology that will be used for the baseline and impact assessment.

5.2 Hydrology

5.2.1 Data sources and literature review

Hydrology: The discharge volumes and flow patterns in the Ayeyarwady system are still not well quantified. Hydrological data are collected by DMH at 20 stations in the Ayeyarwady system, mainly for flood-warning purposes, but there has been limited analysis and compilation at basin scale. Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH) is responsible for hydrological monitoring and maintain several gauge stations in the Subproject 1 areas including stations at Sagaing and Mandalay. The available hydrological data has been collected and analyzed as part of several studies. As part of the RHDHV feasibility study, the following analysis will be reviewed:

“Analyses of Flow Data Stations, Irrawaddy River, Myanmar (Karin Bremer, 19/09/2016)”.

River basin planning: The baseline report shall include existing and future development (period yet to be defined) to properly identify the impacts of the Subproject 1 developments. Component 1 of the AIRBMP includes a “State of the Basin Assessment Report (SOBA)” that will be a major product of the AIRBMP and will represent the most comprehensive integrated environmental, social and economic baseline for the Ayeyarwady to date. The SOBA report commenced in May and comprises three packages relevant to the hydrology theme: 1) surface water modelling, 2) groundwater and data management, and 3) sediments and geomorphology. Results from those packages are anticipated to be completed in September or October 2017 and will be integrated into the final ESIA and ESMP.

5.2.2 Approach and methodology

The baseline study will serve as a benchmark for the impact assessment. The first step in the baseline assessment is to identify the relevant evaluation indicators for the project. The relevance of possible indicators will thus depend on the potential impacts of river training structures and dredging.

Generally, impacts on hydrology relate to flows, water levels and flow velocities. Given the nature of the envisaged navigation improvement interventions, it is not likely that the overall flows (discharge) in the system will be impacted. However, both flow distribution - including flow velocities - and the water levels upstream, downstream and on the site may be altered as follows:

Flows: change of flow channel, cutting off channels and forming new channels.

Water levels: Elimination of navigational bottlenecks obviously entails increasing the water depth at shallow areas (at crossings, sand bars etc.). Since shallow areas influence water surface levels at low flow, removing bottlenecks will almost unavoidably decrease water levels during low flows, which in turn may affect aspects such as the hydrology of adjacent wetlands and the groundwater-table. River training structures such as groynes and guide bunds add rugged elements to the river and enhance sedimentation (between groynes and behind guide bunds). Both the increased roughness and sedimentation tend to increase high-flow water levels. Likely impacts are thus larger variability in water levels.

Flow velocities: The purpose of the selected river training structures is to reduce hydraulic friction in the Sagaing and middle channel. This may lead to less variability of flow velocities and water depth within these side channels channel, which, for instance, may alter the habitat, impacting fish and aquatic species particularly during dry season and spawning season (May to July).

Given the envisaged impacts on hydrology due to the proposed navigation improvement measures in Subproject 1, as well as the envisaged upstream development and climate change, relevant indicators for evaluation are:

a) Water level duration curve; b) Discharge duration curve;



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c) Variability of flow velocity within (selected) cross-sections; d) Distribution of low flows between the braiding channels; e) Mean annual flow; f) Mean (annual) low flow; and g) Mean (annual) high flow.

The first four indicators can be calculated directly from the mathematical model (Delft3D) simulations conducted by RHDHV, while the remaining indicators can be quantified by analyzing existing gauge data in combination with desk study. The locations for the indicator assessments are chosen based on expert judgement of the envisaged impacts. Selected key locations are at the proposed structures, and upstream and downstream of the project area as indicated in Figure 5.2and Figure 5.3.

Figure 5.2: At the indicated sections time series of simulated discharges will be used in the impact assessment

Figure 5.3: At the indicated locations time series of simulated water level will be used in the impact assessments

5.3 Geomorphology


The most relevant literature on the morphology of the project area is:

The RHDHV Feasibility Report from 2015 contains some analysis of the morphology of the Subproject 1 area and general information about the hydrology of the Ayeyarwady River.

A key reference to understanding the sediment dynamics of the river in the Subproject 1 area is “Discharge and suspended sediment transport in the Ayeyarwady River, Myanmar: Centennial and decadal changes” by T. Furuichi et al. and published in “Hydrological Processes



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23, 1631-1641 (2009)”. This paper suggests that the mean annual at Pyay (located upstream of the delta and slightly downstream of Nyaung Oo) is 325 million tons/year. To put this number in perspective, it is about twice the annual suspended transport in the Mekong River, which has a drainage area more than twice that of the Ayeyarwady at Pyay. A very significant part of the sediment load - 120 mill ton/year - originates from the Chindwin River.

An initial review of the literature summarized above has revealed the existence of some pertinent data sets, which would be useful for further analyses. These data sets are:

DMH is responsible for monitoring water levels, discharge and sediment transport in the Ayeyarwady River and data is available for 1980-2014. These data should be collected and analysed to characterize the sediment transport regime in the river and to detect possible trends in the sediment transport.

5.3.2 Approach and methodology

The baseline assessment for the Subproject 1 area will include analysis of annual sediment transport (bed load transport and suspended load), and planform changes in the area. All suspended sediment transport data from the DMH gauging station at Sagaing will be compiled (if available in digital format) and analyzed to establish a reliable estimate for the annual suspended sediment transport. A sediment rating curve (a relation between suspended sediment concentration and discharge) will be established. If sufficient data are available, it will be divided into sub-periods of say 10 years. Sediment rating curves will be established for each sub-period and used to quantify possible trends in the suspended sediment transport.

Direct measured bed load data are not likely to be available but calculated bed load transport rates can be extracted from the RHDHV model simulations to be carried out.

A planform analysis based on Google Earth or Landsat images will be carried out. Land/water (bank) lines will be digitized from images representing low flow (January and February) from each year for a period of 15-20 years. From the digitized bank lines it will be possible to identify locations with (significant) bank erosion, erosion and accretion of bars and islands and shifts of channels. Subsequently, it will be attempted to correlate major changes with monsoonal flows.

5.4 Baseline sampling

Consistent baseline information related to water quality (for surface water and groundwater), sediment quality, and ambient air quality is not available. There are several government agencies involved in surface and groundwater quality monitoring:

DWIR: water quality in the river channel

Irrigation Department and WRUD: water quality for irrigation systems, reservoirs and groundwater wells

ECD: industrial and domestic wastes

MCDC: quality of water supply

DMH: water quality of rainfall.

To improve understanding of existing conditions, baseline sampling for surface water, groundwater, air, soil and sediment was undertaken for the ESIA for Subproject 1. Due to rising water levels and to inform the MCA the baseline sampling was undertaken in May 2017.The location for the baseline sampling is included in Figure 5.4; the following sections describe the key parameters that will be used for analysis.



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Figure 5.4: ESIA baseline sampling locations

5.4.1 Surface water quality

Surface water quality was sampled at five sites in May 2017 for baseline data. Monsoon sampling will be undertaken in September or October 2017. Parameters are indicated in Table 5.1.



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Table 5.1: Water quality sampling parameters

Parameter

1 Temperature

2 Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

3 pH

4 BOD

5 COD

6 Turbidity

7 Conductivity

8 Resistivity

9 Total Hardness

10 Carbonate

11 Iron

12 Manganese

13 Chloride (as CL)

14 Sulphate (as SO4)

15 Nitrates

16 Total Dissolved Solid

17 Total Suspended Solid

18 Ammonia

19 Arsenic

20 Chromium

21 Lead

22 Zinc

23 Mercury

24 Copper

25 Salinity

26 Oil and Grease

The following parameters will only be sampled at two sites (upstream and downstream):

5.4.2 Groundwater sampling

The same 28 parameters for surface water quality will be used for groundwater baseline sampling. Samples were collected from tube wells from the following two villages:

1. Kyun Sin Village

2. Shwe Kyet Yet Village.

Parameter

27 Total coliforms

28 Faecal coliforms



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5.4.3 Sediment sampling

Sediment sampling was conducted at two sites using grab samples; one upstream and one downstream of Subproject 1 (Table 5.2).

Table 5.2: Sediment sampling parameters

Parameter

1 Sediment characteristics

2 Organic carbon

3 Petroleum (or Oil and Grease)

4 Sulfides

5 Lead

6 Mercury

7 Chromium

8 Nutrient

9 Arsenic

5.4.4 Soil sampling

Soil sampling was conducted at two sites near the upstream and downstream construction area. Parameters are indicated in Table 5.3.

Table 5.3: Soil sampling parameters

Parameter

1 pH

2 EC

3 Texture

4 Organic Carbon

5 Total Nitrogen

6 Total Phosphorous

7 Potassium

8 CEC

9 Humus

10 Exchangeable cations

11 Arsenic

5.4.5 Air quality

To assist relevant authorities to improving baseline information, simple air quality sampling was conducted at two sites near the upstream and downstream construction areas. The following parameters will be used for dust and air:

Dust: PM10, PM2.5

Air: NO2, SO2, CO, wind direction, air temperature, RH

5.5 Biodiversity and Fisheries


MYFish Database and other data/information sources: The MYFish database (https://www.worldfishcenter.org/tags/myanmar) developed by WorldFish holds critical reports for inland fisheries in Myanmar. The most relevant study for the ESIA of Subproject 1 is the ‘Myanmar

https://www.worldfishcenter.org/tags/myanmar)



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Inland Fisheries- Ayeyarwady Delta and Central Dry Zone 2003-2013’. This report prepared by the MYFish project provides an overview of inland capture fisheries in the CDZ in the past decade and identifies main challenges and opportunities for inland fisheries. Other important studies include:

The consumption of fish and fish products in the Asia-Pacific region based on household surveys9: Assess whether the data can be extrapolated for Subproject 1;

Fisheries Statistics 2014, Department of Fisheries (DOF): Review the relevant data for fisheries production, aquaculture and number of fishers/fish farmers relevant to Subproject 1

Ayeyarwady Dolphin Protected Area (ADPA): there is population of endangered Ayeyarwady River Dolphins (Orcaellabrevirostris) upstream of the Subproject 1 area, the distribution is currently being mapped by WCS;

Distribution, migration and breeding of Hilsa (Tenualosailisha) in the Ayeyarwady system in Myanmar10: The Ayeyarwady River in the CDZ was identified as a migratory route for the Hilsa fish species (Figure 5.5).

Figure 5.5: Migratory route for the Hilsa in the CDZ

The following references will be drawn on for the status, key trends and biodiversity conservation:

Ecosystem Profile Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot11: The ecosystem profile presents an overview of the Indo-Burma Hotspot in terms of its biodiversity conservation importance and socio-economic, policy contexts.

9 Needham, S. & Funge-Smith, S. J. (2014) “The consumption of fish and fish products in the Asia-Pacific region based on household surveys”. FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand. RAP Publication 2015/12. 87pp 10BOBLME (2015) Distribution, migration and breeding of Hilsa (Tenualosailisha) in the Ayeyarwady system in Myanmar, September 2015. BOBLME-2015-Ecology-39 11CEPF, 2011, Ecosystem Profile Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot: 2011 Update, October 2012



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National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) 2015-2020: The revised NBSAP (2015-2020) provides a strategic framework for the conservation of Myanmar's biodiversity and provides a comprehensive account of and identifies the primary threats to the country's biodiversity; describes the key efforts, achievements and gaps in its management; presents strategic approaches, theme specific strategies and associated priorities for actions; and outlines implementation arrangements.

Fifth National Report to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity: Prepared by Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry (MOECAF) in March 2014, this report provides the latest information on the status, trends and threats to the different types of biodiversity in Myanmar.

BirdLife International Database12: A report by BirdLife International in 2005 identified 76 KBAs out of which 54 are recognized as Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs). The ruddy shelduck (Tadornaferruginea) and bar-headed goose (Anserindicus) are most important species for the ESIA of Subproject 1 as these waterbirds find refuge on the sand-bars of the Ayeyarwady River.

Protected Areas (PAs) and Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs):

The team will overlay KBAs and PAs over Subproject 1 and specify why these KBAs are important for aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity.

Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT):

The team will use the IBAT database to identify the likely presence and threatened status of mammals, birds, fish and aquatic species including molluscs and dragonflies in the Subproject 1 area. Further information will be obtained from WCS, universities and environmental NGOs on the distribution of turtle and amphibian species in Stretch 1.

Linkages to other themes:

Linkages to the hydrology and geomorphology theme in relation to changes in flow, water quality, erosion and sedimentation in the Subproject 1 area

The social/livelihood theme will also identify the number of households actively involved in fishing in the river.

Maps to reflect the key issues listed above and digitized version of the participatory mapping will be prepared.

WB Safeguard documents

The team will also review the following WB documents prepared for the AIRBMP in relation to fisheries and biodiversity:

Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)

ESMP for the Mandalay waterway River Enhancement Works Micro Projects, 2017. The assessment of impacts and mitigation measures designed will provide important information for this ESIA.

Current or ongoing projects

Biodiversity & Fisheries of the State of the Basin Assessment (SOBA) under Component 1 of the AIRBMP will commence in May/June 2017 and include as assessment of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems and surveys with fishers in the ARB;

WCS undertake daily monitoring of dolphins in the ADPA and are currently mapping the distribution of the dolphins, the spatial layers for distribution will be included in the ESIA. It will be important to understand the downstream distribution of dolphins in relation to the Subproject 1 area;

12http://datazone.birdlife.org/eba/factsheet/136

http://datazone.birdlife.org/eba/factsheet/136



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Flora and Fauna International (FFI) recently repeated an ornithology survey of the Myitkyina to Mandalay stretch of the Ayeyarwady River and found that over the last 14 years, water birds in the Ayeyarwady have declined by 60% to 90% depending on the species.13 The spatial except of this study will be examined as the surveys appear to be upstream of Subproject 1 area.

Limitations and gaps in existing information and analysis:

Compared to other river basins in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) there is limited data and analysis on aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity particularly in relation to migratory fish species, fish catch and productivity and the relationships between landscapes and rivers.

5.5.2 Methodology and approach

Based on pre-identified potential direct, indirect and cumulative impacts of the Subproject 1 the following guiding questions have been formulated to guide the impact assessment: River training structures: Zone of porcupines/groynes:

How and to what extent will the zone of porcupines/groynes affect environmental flow and water levels in the Sagaing and secondary channels?

How and to what extent will the zone of porcupines/groynes increase or reduce the velocity/flow impact on riverbanks and vegetation?

To what extent will the zone of porcupines/groynes reduce access to water resources, fishing grounds and boat transport?

Construction:

How and to what extent will agricultural land and riverbank gardens be impacted during the construction of the zone of porcupines/groynes?

To what extent will critical habitats (mammals, birds, fish and aquatic species) be impacted during the construction of zone of porcupines/groynes?

Dredging

To what extent will water quality be temporarily disturbed from dredging activities and the dispersal of dredged sediment?

To what extent will fishers or local boats be impacted during dredging activities?

Is the dredging taking place in key aquatic habitats or fishing grounds?

Where and how will the dredged material be dumped or dispersed into the river?

5.5.3 Field work:

In addition to the baseline sampling, the following fieldwork will be used to inform the analysis:

Aquatic fauna survey: Fish species composition was examined at the Subproject 1 area in May 2017. The team with the assistance of local fishers using different fishing gears including gill nets, cast nets, beach seine nets and various traps to record and collect fish. The fish were then photographed and basic characteristics were recorded for identification and compared with the ICUN red-list for threatened and endangered species.

Survey with fishers: consultation on fish catch and fishing ground was conducted in May 2017 as part of the FGDs including the temporary fishing settlements. Additional surveys will also be conducted during the main fishing season in September/October.

A rapid assessment of endemic and migratory birds may also need to be undertaken in winter (November 2017 to February 2018) due to rising water levels.

The social (or household) surveys will identify the number of households actively involved in farming and fishing in the main river channel and the Sagaing and secondary channels.

13 http://www.fauna-flora.org/news/survey-reveals-drastic-decline-of-waterbirds-in-irrawaddy-river/



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5.6 Socio-economic conditions and livelihood


Existing studies and sources of data/information:

For basic socio-economic statistics, the Census 2014 is a good source as it provides basic information on numbers and percentages of households in the area, as well as types of housing, time living at the present location, employment in sectors, and access to various services. However, we need the VT and/or village level statistical data from the Census 2014, which we don’t have access to at present.

Current on-going projects:

At present, we have not identified any social and livelihood studies or projects around direct relevance to the assessment. The search for studies and information on projects will be continued throughout implementation. The AUDP has prepared an EIA scoping report and JICA is preparing an IEE for the proposed Mandalay Port.

Limitations and gaps in existing information and analysis:

Socio-economic data on river navigation, such as ownership, licensing, income and types of barges and activities could be obtained from DWIR (trade and transport statistics), Department of Marine Administration (DMA), boat owners association and various private operators, and MCDC. The following data will be sourced from the listed agencies through consultation or surveys:

Agriculture: Department of Agriculture and Department of Agricultural Research (DAR) in Yezin, Mandalay;

Land use and tenure: MCDC and Department of Social Welfare (DSW);

Fisheries: Department of Fisheries (DDF) and the relevant VT administrators;

Tourism and transport: Department of Hotels and Tourism Development in Mandalay and various private operators (for example, IWT Ferries and the Tourist Boat Association);

Cultural and heritage areas: information on cultural and religious practices that could be affected can be obtained through interviews with key informants in the Subproject 1 area.

The following section on methodology provides more details on the data sources, FGD and KIIs.

5.6.2 Methodology and approach

The baseline will follow the requirements set out in the Myanmar EIA Procedure (2015) for social and livelihoods related issues. These include a description of the surrounding environment for the Subproject 1 that comprises the following:

1) Socio-economic components: income and livelihoods, living conditions and access to public services and natural resources, land use maps, population distribution maps, maps and charts of other socio-economic indicators such as poverty, employment and education;

2) Cultural components: description and maps of cultural, historical, and religious sites, structures and objects, and objects with high aesthetic value; description of traditional knowledge and beliefs, and cultural practices;

3) Public health components: mortality and morbidity, occurrence of diseases, accidents and injuries, and social health determinants, will be included as relevant and feasible.

Further, the methodology will follow relevant WB safeguard policies to assess: (i) threats to human security through the escalation of personal, communal or inter-state conflict, crime or violence; (ii) risks that project impacts fall disproportionately on individuals and groups who, because of their particular circumstances, may be disadvantaged or vulnerable; (iii) any prejudice or discrimination toward individuals or groups in providing access to development resources and project benefits, particularly in the case of those who may be disadvantaged or vulnerable; (iv) negative economic and social impacts relating to the involuntary taking of land or



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restrictions on land use; (v) risks or impacts associated with land and natural resource tenure and use, including (as relevant) potential project impacts on local land use patterns and tenure arrangements, land access and availability, food security and land values, and any corresponding risks related to conflict or contestation over land and natural resources; (vi) impacts on the health, safety and well-being of workers and project-affected communities; and (vii) risks to cultural heritage.

The project may have a range of direct and indirect adverse and positive impacts on social, socio-economic and livelihood factors and different stakeholders in the area. Based on pre-identified potential direct, indirect and cumulative impacts of the Subproject 1 the following guiding questions, key issues, indicators and data sources have been formulated for the impact assessment:

Question 1: What are the present agricultural practices on riverbanks and islands in the area? Are present farming practices likely to be affected by Subproject 1 e.g. through changed access to irrigation and seasonal access to farmlands for example related to flooding extents? If yes, identify who will be affected and how. Indicators: number, size, locations, use and ownership (by gender) of farming plots Data sources: VT administrators (questionnaire/data form-based primary data collection from Key Informants): MCDC, Agriculture and Livestock Breeding Department and Department of Agricultural Research. Question 2: What are the characteristics of the present land tenure system in the area? Is it likely that the project will affect land tenure, and if so, identify who will be affected and how? Will the Subproject 1 lead to land use changes such as possibilities for new permanent settlements or reduced permanent or seasonal access to land? If yes, identify who will be affected and how. Indicators: number, size, locations, use and ownership (by gender) of different types of tenure plots Data sources: VT administrators (questionnaire/data form based primary data collection from Key Informants); MCDC, Urban Planning and Land Administration Department, Agriculture and Livestock Breeding Department. Question 3: Who are using and dependent on the present transport corridors on the river? Is it likely that some present users will have better or worse access to the river after Subproject 1? If yes, identify who and how. Can the Subproject 1 affect the safety of using different types of boats? Could there be potential secondary effects on road transport? Is it likely that changes in river transport facilities in turn may influence access to services, markets, work places and natural resources such as agricultural land and fisheries? If so, who will be affected and how? Indicators: road access to habitations in the area, traffic counts, travel duration, cost and convenience from habitations to services. Data sources: VT administrators (questionnaire/data form based primary data collection from Key Informants); focus group discussions in each VT; Mandalay City Development Committee: Motor Transport & Workshop Department Question 4: What is the present situation in relation to fisheries: how many fishers, what kind of fisheries, what is the importance to the livelihoods of existing fishers? Is it likely that fisheries will be impacted through changes in water flows and ship movements affecting the aquatic habitat? If so, who will be affected and how? Indicators: number of full-time and part-time fishing households by location of homes and fishing activities; location of larger fishing operations, if any; importance of fishing for households, for income and food security, frequency and size of consumption of fish and other aquatic animals and plants (OAA/P) Data source: VT administrators, FDGs in each VT, Department of Fisheries, Mandalay region



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Question 5: Who are the present owners of ships, barges and boats of different types that use the Subproject 1 area? Are they organised and how? Is it likely that some owners will potentially benefit or lose out due to the Subproject 1? May owners of smaller barges may lose business, for example? Identify potential winners and losers. Indicators: Number of boat/barge/ship owners by category (by gender) and locations of homes, transport points and use of vessel Data sources: IWT, Ayeyarwady Division, Mandalay; VT administrators for information on smaller boats Question 6: Who are the providers to the river transport industry of goods and services such as fuel, food supplies and repair services? Is it likely some of these may be affected because, for example, more large barges will be in operation throughout the year? If so, identify whom and how they will be affected. Indicators: number of service providers by type of service, size, location (by gender) Data sources: IWT, Ayeyarwady Division, Mandalay; MCDC for licensing for businesses along the riverbank. Question 7: Who are the different types of customers of river transport? Are some of these likely to feel impacts due to increased access to transportation on larger vessels throughout the year? Identify who and how they will be affected. Indicators: number of customers by type of services purchased, size, locations (by gender) Data sources: IWT, Ayeyarwady Division, Mandalay Question 8: Tourism: The Subproject 1 area is also a high-profile tourist destination, being the departure or end point for boat trips to places like Bagan. Changes in river flows and increased presence of larger vessels throughout the year may have impacts on the romantic attraction of the location. This aspect also relates to question 6 above. Indicators: number of tourist vessels and types, numbers of different types of tourists, number of people and businesses that are dependent/involved in tourism activities on the river Data sources: Inland Water Transport, Ayeyarwady Division, Mandalay City Development Committee. Question 9: Are there cultural and religious practices related to the river that may be impacted? Will the Subproject 1 affect historical sites? Indicators: number and locations of sites by type and importance Data sources: MCDC, Tourist Department

5.6.3 Fieldwork

Field research will comprise:

data collection from and interviews with government and municipal staff from the organizations and departments mentioned above

Key Informant interviews in villages in the Subproject 1 area. Both activities will follow an interview guide/questionnaire to capture information on the above questions and indicators.

Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) in villages on the west bank, on island, east bank in Subproject 1 area including the following activities:

- Participatory mapping of the surrounding land and water use including for domestic and agricultural use

- Timeline of major events related to the river such as flooding



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- Seasonal farming calendar of agricultural land on the island and on riverbank. Other elements may be included to identify riverbank erosion risks, and local boat transport.

The Focus Groups will comprise 20-25 people, gender balanced, and representative of the population mix in the villages.

Rapid survey of informal/temporary houses in the area and the people living there. When the preliminary designs for the zone of porcupines/groynes and location, additional surveys survey may be carried out in the villages that will be impacted and where compensation issues may arise. Due to rising water levels and to prepare for the MCA the Initial social surveys were undertaken in a May 2017 at 11 villages and one temporary fishing settlement in the Subproject 1 area (Figure 5.6). Ngwe Thaung Yan is a temporary fishing settlement on the island and there are approximately 400 people or 100 households in this settlement.

Temporary fishing settlements:

During the inception field trip, it was observed that some communities temporarily use the riverbank during the low water season for fishing and flood plain agriculture. These groups were surveyed during the initial field work for the ESIA as fishing restricted from mid-May and August. Additional field surveys will be undertaken in September/October to identify fish catch and fish species caught in the Subproject 1 area.



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Figure 5.6: Villages and village tracts included in the initial social survey

The findings of the initial social surveys will be incorporated into the Draft ESIA report and were used to inform the MCA process from June-August 2017. The selected design option of the zone of porcupines/groynes will impact less on villages tracts and villages and is likely that only a small number of households from Kyun Sin and Gyaint Gyi will be impacted in relation to the temporary loss of access to agricultural land during construction (Figure 5.7 ). The change in access to water resources will also have to be assessed when preliminary designs are finalised.



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Figure 5.7: Village tracts and villages near zone of porcupines/groynes and dredging



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Survey with boat operators:

During Baseline Social Monitoring the PMU Safeguard unit together with the ICEM International Social Expert met with the Mandalay Regional Cargo Shipping Association (MRCSA) to seek assistance in developing a survey for MRCSA members and other boat operators. Other information on the licensing, category/type of boats and relevant laws/regulations for ports and landing facilities in Mandalay will be obtained from DMA or DWIR.

Stakeholders

Key stakeholders to be consulted include in addition to the above mentioned: business associations; CSOs and NGOs that are involved directly or indirectly in activities in the Subproject 1 area. These will be identified during the fieldwork. They will both be invited to the consultation meetings, and may be interviewed separately as relevant and feasible.

GIS analysis and maps

Spatial representation of the findings from the fieldwork and data collection will be prioritized. GIS analysis to be carried out can include and be presented on:

Map showing main transport corridors across the river between the island and western riverbank and Mandalay, and north to south. This map should show the main services that are accessed such as markets, service providers, schools and health facilities

Map of different types of farming practices with focus on seasonality and irrigation

Map of cultural and religious sites

Map of landings for tourist boats and different types of transported goods or other relevant variable;

Maps showing population density or total population (WorldPop or Census 2014 village tract data).

The above can be packaged into two studies if desired, for example:

Study 1: Inventory of habitations and economic activities in Subproject area

Based on GIS and secondary data such as Census 2014 Village or VT level, Mandalay City Development Committee data and departments. This study could focus on providing an overview of quantitative factors such as the number of boats of different types, boat ownership and spatial distribution of habitations and fields and land tenure.

Study 2: Social and socio-economic aspects of use of river for local transport, fisheries and agriculture in Subproject1 area

Based on focus group discussions, key informant interviews, participatory mapping and timelines this study could show mapping of main locally used transport corridors, departure and arrival points, frequency of transport, transport of different types of local goods, transport for access to services and employment, fishing activities, timelines for important river related events such as flooding and seasonal farming calendars for potentially impacted land. Informal/temporary houses on the sandbanks.



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6 NEXT STEPS - ESIA/ESMP

After the current scoping phase, the project will implement two distinct work plans to complete the separate deliverables for Part A: ESIA/ESMP of Subproject 1 and Part B: ESA of Stretch 1. However, overlapping activities will be identified and a final workshop is planned to present the draft ESIA and ESA reports together over two days. As the ESIA/ESMP must comply with Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015) and WB safeguards both the procedural, and analytical steps as well as deliverables for the ESIA and ESMP is presented separately in this chapter.

6.1 Preparation of project proposal and preliminary consultation according to Myanmar EIA Procedures (2015)

The proposed zone of porcupines/groynes in the Sagaing and secondary channels and the volume dredging is less than 500,000 tons and is not likely to trigger an EIA under the Myanmar EIA procedures (2015). Therefore, it is recommended that an initial environmental examination (IEE) is conducted for Subproject 1. The PMU is in the process of submitting the Project Proposal to ECD to review the project description and likely environmental and social impacts. The following section outlines the approach and methodology that will be included in the scoping report and TOR for the ESIA.

6.1.1 Baseline sampling

The rationale for surface water, groundwater, soil sediment and air quality and the selection of sampling methods and locations are outlined in section 5.3 above. Due to rising water levels and the upcoming MCA, the dry season baseline sampling and initial social research was undertaken in May 2017. Further surface water quality sampling will be undertaken in the monsoon season (September or October). Survey with fishers will also be carried out in September which was reported during the initial social surveys as the main fishing season.

6.1.2 Baseline assessment and trend analysis

Detailed baseline trend analysis (including the policy analysis) and identification of needs for further analysis (e.g. to verify already obtained results or to address encountered data gaps) will be conducted. The trend analysis for the Baseline Assessment should include both:

Historic trend analysis will document what has happened over time (i.e. last 10 years) and the reasons for changes which have occurred; and

Projected trend analysis: will define expected future trends in the strategic themes and drivers without river navigation improvement.

The structure described in Table 6.1will be used as guide for the baseline and impact assessment:

Table 6.1: Baseline trend analysis template

1. Scope of the key theme

Describe the scope of the study - what we intend to cover in the theme:

o geographic/spatial

o substance

o temporal

Describe any necessary linkages with the other themes in this study

2. Assessment methodology

Describe the study methodology - how the assessment will be conducted (in your theme) -

including:

o Literature review

o Spatial analysis

o Stakeholder consultations

o Other



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3. Literature review

Briefly describe and reference existing studies and any sources of data/information of relevance to

your theme

Identify and describe any current ongoing projects related to the key themes

Identify and describe any key stakeholders relevant to you theme

Identify and describe GOM policy, plans and priorities relevant to your theme, including targets e.g.

increase area of irrigated land (ha)

Describe the limitations and gaps in existing information and analysis

Provide desktop review of existing studies, data and information, including gap analysis for

effective hydropower and watershed management relevant to your theme

4. Description of the key themes

Describe the status of the key themes, including any additional information specific to your theme

i.e. fisheries (fish guilds and their species, aquaculture production)

Provide also identification/description of:

Unique and critical areas in the study area

Key tributaries or specific sub-basins or watersheds

Expand on defining the specific sub basins or zones identified in Google Earth/base maps relevant

to your theme.

5. Trend analysis and drivers of change (see trends analysis template as a guide)

Describe the most important issues of concern to development and use of the target area and

resources

Determine how those issues be categories into themes and prioritized - i.e. given strategic priority

Describe drivers of change relevant to your theme i.e. deforestation has led to increased

sedimentation in rivers

Baseline trend analysis (i.e. last 10 years) - what have been past trends for each of the key

themes/issues?

Describe future trends when projected to 2031 (or 2050, if relevant):

Without planned navigation improvement interventions

6. Definition of sustainability objectives and impact assessment parameters

Draw from GOM policies and plans to identify the sustainability objectives

Define draft sustainability objectives for each strategic theme - e.g. fisheries, biodiversity, poverty

and livelihoods; these will be reviewed and updated during the scoping stakeholder workshops

Outline the indicators under each issue - these will be used for the impact assessment phase

6.2 Assessment of potential impacts and proposal of mitigation measures

This section outlines the preliminary identification of the anticipated E&S impacts of theselected dredging and/or river training structures for Subproject 1. The potential impacts are listed for each of the potential design options in the upstream and downstream area and dredging.

6.2.1 Zone of porcupines/groynes

The zone of porcupine/groynes approximately 1km in length in the Sagaing and secondary channels to reduce the risk of the navigation channel shifting to one of the side channels. A summary of the potential impacts associated with the zone of porcupine/zones is summarized below in (Table 6.2).

Table 6.2: Potential environmental and social impacts

Zone of porcupines/groynes

Impact Descriptor Indicator/s



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Zone of porcupines/groynes

Loss of riparian

vegetation

Riparian vegetation is removed during

construction

Area (m2) of riparian

vegetation removed

Loss of agricultural

land

Agricultural land is affected during construction

reducing income for farmers.

Area (acres) of

agricultural land

Reduced access to

Sagaing and secondary

channels

Local boat transport is restricted during dry

season.

Number of days that local

boat transport restricted

Solid wastes Solid waste generated by construction workers in

subproject 1 area impacts terrestrial and aquatic

species in the area.

kg of solid waste

Water quality Temporary impacts downstream of construction

area impact on fish and aquatic species and

human health.

Increased suspended

sediments or bacterial

contamination

Access to water

resources during dry

season

Villages on island and the west bank (Sagaing)

have reduced access to water resources for

irrigation and domestic uses impacting on

agricultural productivity and increasing time to

collect water.

% reduction of dry season

flow

number of people using

water for domestic and

agriculture

Reduced fisheries

productivity

Environmental flow to Sagaing and middle

channel is reduced during fish spawning from

June, July decreasing fisheries productivity and

connectivity between channels and mainstream.

% reduction in flow from

June to July

reduced fish catch

Increased or reduced

risk of riverbank

erosion

Due to changes in flow direction and velocity the

risk of riverbank erosion may be increased or

reduced in some areas.

% increase in flow

velocity

change in direction

Restricted local boat

access

Local boat access will be restricted during dry

season, increasing the travel time if an

alternative travel route is used.

Number of days during

dry season that local boat

transport restricted

6.2.2 Dredging

To improve year-round and safe accessibility to the port of Mandalay a total of 70-100,000 m3/ yr dredging will also be carried out. The impacts on water quality in the main channel associated with dredging will be probably the most obvious direct effect, and its magnitude will be directly related to volumes/intensity of dredging operations.A summary of the potential impacts associated with dredging near Mandalay port area is summarized below in Table 6.3.

Table 6.3: Potential environmental and social impacts associated with dredging

Dredging: Capital and maintenance dredging in the upstream and downstream area

Impact Descriptor Indicator/s

Water quality impacts

downstream of

dredging

Temporary water quality impacts downstream

of dredging impacting on fisheries and aquatic

species

Increased levels of total

suspended sediment

Disturbance and

removal of benthic

species and

communities

During dredging the disturbance of benthic

species is likely to occur.

Total volume/intensity of

dredging



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Dredging: Capital and maintenance dredging in the upstream and downstream area

Pollution from

dredging operations

Water quality pollution from operation of

dredging vessels impacting on fisheries and

aquatic species

Hours/day of dredging

operation

Loss of agricultural

land

Dredged material is dumped or dispersed on

agricultural land

Area (acres) of agricultural

land

Dredged material

dispersed in fishing

ground

Dredged material is dispersed downstream at

in key fishing grounds reducing fish catch.

Reduced fish catch

Water quality impacts

downstream of

dispersal site

Temporary water quality impacts downstream

of dredging dispersal site.

Increased levels of total

suspended sediment

6.3 Impact and risk assessment

A risk assessment matrix (Table 6.4) will be undertaken to assess the likelihood (rare, unlikely, possible, likely, almost certain) and the consequence of each impact (trivial, minor, moderate, major, severe). From this, significance value will be attributed to the potential impact (low, medium, high and extreme).

Table 6.4: Risk assessment matrix

CONSEQUENCE

Low Minor Moderate Major Severe

Live

liho

od

Almost certain L H H E E

Likely L M H H E

Possible L M M H E

Unlikely L M M H H

Rare L L M M H

Mitigation measures will then be proposed for the river training structures and dredging in the upstream and downstream areas of Subproject 1.

6.4 Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP)

For the design options selected it is likely that no more than 200 persons will be impacted, so in this case an Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) would be required to comply with World Bank safeguard policy OP4.12. The ARAP would need to include the following elements:

survey of displaced persons and inventory of affected land and assets;

description of asset valuation and compensation procedures;

eligibility criteria for compensation and any other forms of assistance;

compensation rates for all categories of land and other assets

consultation and disclosure arrangements;

organizational arrangements for implementation

timetable and budget; and

arrangements for monitoring and implementation, including grievance procedures. The team will assess the need for compensation associated with the temporary loss of livelihoods and income and then prepare an Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) if required. The ARAP would need to consider the following:

temporary loss of access to agricultural land during construction of zone of porcupines/groynes;

Fishers downstream of dredging and construction activities; and



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Farmers loss of access to river water for irrigation on island and west bank (Sagaing).

6.5 ESMP for Subproject 1

To ensure smooth implementation of the ESMP for the Subproject 1, in addition to the ESMP prepared during the ESIA process and presented in the respective dedicated section within the ESIA Report, a self-standing ESMP will be prepared with detailed implementation plan to be executed under the guidance and supervision of ICEM. The deliverables under the monitoring of the ESMP are included in Table 6.5.

Table 6.5: Deliverables under the monitoring of the ESMP

Deliverable Description

D.6 Monthly monitoring of

development of Subproject 1

Monthly reporting will be prepared during the construction phase to

ensure compliance and monitoring of the ESMP for Subproject 1

D.7 Final report on ESMP

A final report will be prepared on successful completion of the

construction including medium and long-term monitoring that may be

implemented by DWIR and PMU in the future

D.8 Policy brief on the ESIA &

ESMP for senior decision makers

A policy brief on the lessons learned during the development of the ESIA

and monitoring of the EMSP will be prepared for DWIR and PMU

WB & DWIR| ESIA and ESMP for Subproject 1, ESA for Stretch 1, and ESMP Monitoring and Reporting during Construction of Subproject 1| ICEM Final Scoping Report for ESIA/ESMP - September 2017

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7 REVISED WORKPLAN

The Work Plan presented in this section was discussed and agreed upon during the kick-off meeting with the PMU held on28 March 2017, in Yangon.

Figure 7.1: Work plan schedule- ESIA

original deadline revised deadline completed tasks extension needed (project design uncertainties)

Note: As for the task 1.12, Initial social field research has been done at 9 VTs in the project area. A follow-up will be conducted if necessary.

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

D1 Inception report and communications plan for ESIA

1,1 Conduct kick-off meetings with PMU and site visit

1,2 Finalize the ESIA methodology, including scope

1,3 Assess the legal, institutional and decision-making framework for Sub-Project 1 and Stretch 1 (ESA)

1,4 Assess the proposed design options for Sub-Project 1

1,5 Prepare the Inception Report and Communications Plan for ESIA

D2 Project proposal

1,6 Prepare relevant documents to comply with Myanmar EIA procedure (Notification No. 616 / 2015)

D3 Scoping report and TOR for the ESIA study

1,7 Compile existing baseline data (biophysical, environment, socio-economic) related to Sub-Project 1

1,8 Conduct baseline sampling of surface water groundwater and air quality in area of Sub-Project 1

1,9 Conduct rapid assessment of sub-project 1 area to define the key environmental and social issues for the MCA workshop

1,10 Conduct MCA workshop with RHDHV, PMU and stakeholders to select the most sustainable design option for Sub-project 1

1,11 Submit Scoping Report and TOR for the ESIA study

D4 Draft ESIA report with ESMP

1,12 Conduct surveys with local communities affected by Sub-Project 1, assessing and identifying need for ARAP

1,13 Conduct further environmental assessment of Sub-project 1 area

1,14 Incorporate preliminary design considerations into the assessment of impacts

1,15 Conduct monsoon (wet) season sampling for surface water quality

1,16 Identify and and assess the environmental and social impacts for Sub-project 1 and develop mitigation measures;

1,17 Submit the Draft ESIA report with ESMP

D5 Final ESIA report

1,18 Conduct final stakeholder workshop for final ESIA (Day 1) and Draft ESA (Day 2- refer Task 3.10)

1,19 Finalize ESIA and ESMP as per WB and Myanmar EIA Procedures

Part A (i) : ESIA of subproject 1

No. Deliverables (D-…) & Activities2017



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ANNEX 1: E&S DECRIPTION CARDS

Description card 1 Upstream area- Scenario A3

A3. Roughness zone in secondary channels with pile fields, porcupines, wooden pile groynes. Combined with dredging for upstream area (OPEX).

Social and Environmental impact

The environmental and social impacts associated with this scenario are not significant and are likely to only be of a temporary nature. The construction of the pile and porcupine fields could lead to the temporary loss of access to agricultural land and the removal of riparian vegetation. Temporary water quality impacts and increased solid wastes may also be experienced during construction. Reduced flow and access to water resources may be experienced for village tracts downstream of the pile and porcupine fields on the island and West Bank (Sagaing), but this is likely to be only a low risk. Local boat transport during the dry season may also be impacted by the porcupine and groyne fields. Wooden structures may be also damaged by high flows during the wet season. Increased turbidity and temporary water quality impacts downstream of dredging and dispersal of dredged sediment is likely. Fishing and local boat transport may be impacted at the dredging site and directly downstream. This option could also be designed in a manner to protect erosion hotspots from further erosion. Using local materials there is the potential to create employment opportunities for people living in the village tract. As this option is more flexible if downstream impacts are reported then the pile or porcupine fields can be removed or reconfigured.

Mitigation measures and costs

The impacts of this scenario can be mitigated through through the compensation for loss of livelihoods or income and implementing a Dredging Environmental Management Procedure (DEMP0). A passage for local boats can be considered in detailed design and annual system to monitor and repair piles and porcupines may be required. Rough cost estimation of potentially required mitigation measures:

Annual monitoring of water quality and dredged sediment prior to and after dredging works. USD 1,000-2,500.

Replanting of riverbank vegetation. USD 500-2,000.

Abbreviated Resettlement Acton Plan (ARAP): Compensation may be required for the temporary loss of access to agricultural land and water resources, and reduced fish catch downstream of dredging activities. USD 1,000-5,000.


A5. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel (at Mandalay Port area), potentially combined with temporary responsive measures in secondary channels


The environmental and social impacts associated with this scenario are not significant and are likely to only be of a temporary nature. Increased turbidity and temporary water quality impacts downstream of dredging and dispersal of dredged sediment are likely. Local boat transport may be impacted at the dredging site and directly downstream of operations. The impacts to fisheries are likely to be less significant as



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the port area is not a critical fishing ground during the dry season when dredging activities occur. The temporary responsive measures proposed (e.g. inflatable weir) may reduce environmental flow to Sagaing and secondary channel and may lead to temporary loss of access to water resources and reduced fisheries productivity. These are not permanent structures so are more flexible in terms of responding to changes in flow in the secondary levels. Consultation with local communities would be required with local communities downstream prior to installing the temporary measures.


The impacts of this scenario can be mitigated through compensation for loss of livelihoods or income and implementing the DEMP. Rough cost estimation of potentially required mitigation measures:

Annual monitoring of water quality and dredged sediment prior to and after dredging works. USD 1,000-2,500.

ARAP: Compensation for reduced fish catch and temporary loss of access to drinking and irrigation water during the use of inflatable weir. USD 500-3,000.


A7. Low rock guidebund just south of Mingun + low groynes just upstream of Mandalay Port area.


A7 is likely to have significant negative environmental and social impacts. It is estimated that the low rock guide bund will reduce high flows from between 5 to 10% from June to August into the secondary channels. The reduction in flow may impact on fisheries productivity and connectivity between channels and mainstream. Villages on island and the west bank (Sagaing)will have reduced access to water resources for irrigation and domestic uses in the dry season (low flows) impacting on agricultural productivity and increasing time to collect water. Local boat access may only be available during high flows, increasing travel cost and travel time for villages, especially the Let Pan ferry service. Additionally, the construction of the groynes may lead to the temporary loss of access to agricultural land and removal of riverbank vegetation. The construction of both guide bund and groynes may lead to temporary impacts such as changes in water quality and increased solid wastes. When constructed, the groynes, when installed, may also may restrict boat access for villages on the island. The modelling predicts outflanking in the future which may increase water levels and flow causing riverbank erosion and inundation.


The design and installation of openings are required to mitigate the impacts of this scenario, compensation for loss of livelihoods and income may also be required. Openings in the guide bund, if designed and managed adequately, can allow for sufficient environmental flow and access to water resources for villages on the island and west bank (Sagaing). For fisheries productivity, there would need to be flow maintained between June-August and access to water resources would be most important during dry season.



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The openings (i.e. pipes, culvert) in the guide bund is an important mitigation measure to allow environmental flow. Options to allow local boats to pass through can be considered, but installing ship locks is not recommended due to operation and maintenance costs. Rough cost estimation of potentially required mitigation measures:

Installation of pipes and culverts to allow environmental flow: USD 50,000-100,000.

Tube wells at some locations in the four villages tracts on the West Bank; Let Pan, Chaung Pak, Htan Taw and two villages tracts on the island; Kyun Sin and Gyaint Gyi. USD 20,000-100,000.

ARAP: Compensation for loss of livelihoods associated with reduced environmental flow and access to water resources, and the temporary loss of land during construction. USD 1,000-10,000.

Replanting of riverbank vegetation. USD 500-3,000.

Description card 4 Downstream area- Scenario B2

B2. Flow guiding bank structure opposite Amarapura floodplain


The environmental and social impacts associated with this scenario are not significant and are likely to only be of a temporary nature. The construction of the flow guiding bank structure and bank protection may result in the temporary loss of access to agricultural land and removal of riverbank vegetation. Increased solid wastes and temporary water quality impacts downstream of construction may occur. The guiding bank structure is a no-regret measure, so will also protect the riverbank from erosion if AUDP is developed.


The impacts of this scenario can be mitigated through compensation for the loss of incomes and livelihoods, and implementing the DEMP. Rough cost estimation of potentially required mitigation measures:

Replanting of riverbank vegetation. USD 1,000-2,000.

Annual monitoring water quality and dredged sediment prior to and after dredging works. USD 1,000-2,500.

ARAP: Compensation for the temporary loss of access to agricultural land during construction and reduced fish catch downstream of dredging. USD 1,000-5,000.

Description card 5 B3. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel, with AUDP B4. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel, without AUDP

B3. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel, with AUDP B4. Dynamic dredging and monitoring of navigation channel, without AUDP


The environmental and social impacts associated with this scenario are not significant and are likely to only be of a temporary nature.



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Increased turbidity and temporary water quality impacts downstream of dredging and dispersal of dredged sediment is likely. Fishing and local boat transport may be impacted at the dredging site and directly downstream Monitoring the navigation channel will assist in targeted dredging that in the future may reduce the frequency (year/days) or total volume (m3) of sediment that needs to be dredged to ensure least available depth (LAD) for navigation.


The impacts of this scenario can be mitigated through compensation for the loss of incomes and livelihoods, and implementing the DEMP. Rough cost estimation of potentially required mitigation measures:

Annual monitoring water quality and dredged sediment prior to and after dredging works. USD 1,000- 2,500.

ARAP: Compensation for loss of livelihoods of income associated with fishing downstream of dredging activities. USD 2,500.



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ANNEX 2: MCA WORKSHOP AGENDA

MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS (MCA) RESULTS WORKSHOP FOR SUBPROJECT-1

MONDAY 28 AUGUST, 2017 IN MANDALAY

Objectives of the MCA results workshop are to:

Present the results of the MCA for the upstream and downstream scenarios

Feedback on the process, comments and discussion of the MCA results;

Identification of any additional technical, cost-benefit, environmental or social issues

Outline next steps for preliminary design and the ESIA process. Agenda

Time Activities Presenter/Facilitator

Morning Session

09:00 – 09:30 Registration

09:30– 09:40 Welcome Speech U Win Hlaing, Project Director of AIRMBP

09:40 – 09:50 Opening Remarks Mr Dung Anh Hoang, Senior Transportation Specialist, World Bank

09:50 – 10:05 Introduction to Component 3 and sub-project 1 U Aung Myo Khaing, Director of Component 3

10:05 – 10:25 Overview of modelling and proposed design options Description cards including Technical and cost criteria

RHDHV

10:25– 10:45

Baseline study and E&S inputs to description cards

Environmental and social criteria

Weightings and process

ICEM

10:45 – 10:55 Q&A

10:55 -11:10 Morning Tea

11:10 – 11:30 Results of the MCA for upstream scenarios RHDHV ICEM

11:30 – 12:30

Group discussions on the results of upstream scenarios: 1. Discuss the results of the MCA scores for each

scenario 2. Discuss the benefits for each scenario 3. Consider additional measures to mitigate

impacts for each scenario

Facilitated by Rory, Nico and Lwin Lwin

12:30 - 13:30 Lunch

Afternoon Session

13:30 – 13:40 Results of the MCA for downstream scenarios All

13:40– 14:40

Group discussions on the results of downstream scenarios: 1. Discuss the results of the MCA scores for each

scenario 2. Discuss the benefits for each scenario 3. Consider additional measures to mitigate

impacts for each scenario

Facilitated by Rory, Nico and Lwin Lwin



50


14:40– 15:00 Afternoon Tea

15:00 – 15:10 Next steps: Outline the process for finalising selection of design for subproject 1

RHDHV

15:10 – 15:20 Next steps for ESIA/ESMP ICEM

15:20 – 15:30 Closing remarks U Win Hlaing, Project Director of AIRMBP

29 August 2017

8:00 – 11:00

Wrap Up meeting at Mandalay DWIR office Discuss on the results of MCA and way forwards to develop detail design And budget

All



51

ANNEX 3: MCA WORKSHOP E&S PRESENTATION



52



53



54



55



56



57



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59

ANNEX 4: MCA WORKSHOP PARTICIPANT LIST

Level Stakeholders Contact Details of Stakeholders

Name Title/Position Email Contact Number

Tow

nsh

ip a

nd

Re

gio

n (

wh

ere

ap

plic

able

)

D.W.I.R

Win Hlaing Director [email protected] 09 201 32 71

Kyaw Swar Oo Assistant Director [email protected] 09 420 71 63 62

Aung Myo Khaing Deputy Director [email protected] 09 515 02 13

Department of Agriculture

Kyaw Saung Department of Agriculture 09 910 43 350

Myint Myint Oo Department of Agriculture 09 400 413 416

Khin Pyone Nge Department of Agriculture 09 974 423 854

Department of Fishery

Win Myint Saw 09 454 173 734

Thaw Tun Oo Deputy Director 09 731 979 27

Nay Myo Thu Junior Clerk 09 401 676 853

Department of Transportation Thant Sin Oo Deputy Director 09 315 673 33

Mandalay ECD Ko Ko Oo Staff officer [email protected] 09 972 779 868

MCDC Myo Aung [email protected] 09 200 380 8

Municipal Ko Ko Gyi Editor [email protected] 09 650 0 695

Rural Aye Min Naing 09 256 3 508

??

Kyaw Myint Than Assistant Director [email protected] 09 797 559 984

Bhone Kyaw Sein Deputy Director [email protected] 09 444 002 142

Htet Mman Aung Assistant Director 09 431 010 080










60


Name Title/Position Email Contact Number C

ivil

Soci

ety

Org

anis

atio

ns

(CSO

s)

Universities or research institutes

Yi Yi Myint Professor (Chemistry Dept) [email protected] 09 430 622 73

Myint Myint Khaing Lecturer (Chemistry) [email protected] 09 797 780 232

Myat Lay New Lecturer (Chemistry) [email protected] 09 431 127 15

Win Mar Associate Professor (Zoology Dept) [email protected] 09 205 79 62

Thin Thin Aung Lecturer (Zoology Dept) [email protected] 09 402 582 493

Sandar Myint Lecturer (Zoology Dept) [email protected] 09 797 177 028

Environmental Groups

Khin Htar Mya Sein Yaung So [email protected] 09 431 03 804

Sha Min MCNGOV (Thabarwa Ah Sein) 09 256 517 655

Khin Maung Aye Natural Green Alliance [email protected] 09 201 4 696

Cells Natural Green Alliance [email protected] 09 402 504 046

Maung Maung Oo Sein Yaung So [email protected] 09 202 4 423

Geography Association Myanmar

(Upper)

Win Maung [email protected] 09 777 734 116

Aung Myaing General Secretary [email protected]

Aung Win Kyi [email protected]

Hla Kyaw Professor Retired (Pakkoku)

Private Sector

Maung Myint Sand Mining Owner Associtaion 09 256 226 749

Zaw Lin MBCCD/AVPP (Project Coordinator) 09 431 89 122

Zaw Ye Win MBCCD/AUDP (Communication

Officer) zawlinesaepaing.com 09 797294 746









61


Name Title/Position Email Contact Number

Than Oo MBCCD/AUDP [email protected] 09 250 051 169

Community Development

Organizations Yi Yi Khaing Community Center (Mandalay) [email protected] 09 781 329 761

(I)N

GO

NGO /INGO

Kyaw Hla Thein Deputy Project Manager [email protected] 09 420 729 957

Arkar Chaw Coordinator [email protected] 09 518 30 91

Kyaw Win 203 5 467

Me

dia

Media

Myo Kyaw Mandalay Daily News ( reporter) [email protected] 09 910 42 918

Khin Nyein Chan Aung MRTV 099 703 2 570

Wai Yan Phyo MRTV 09 250 798 284

Chan Tha Popular Journal [email protected] 09 798 882 067

Naung Rupa News watch [email protected] 09 449 030 326

Lae Lae Aung Daily Eleven [email protected] 09 797 138 226

Hayman Oo Daily Eleven [email protected] 09 526 3 218

Chan Aung Yadanarpon [email protected] 09 972 237 855

Se Thu Lin 7 day news [email protected] 09 259 478 632

Nyan Lin Tun MCN TV News (reporter) [email protected] 09 442 297 740

Si Thu Zaw Skynet 09 797 414 898

Zin Linn Htun Skynet [email protected] 09 400 461 899
















62

ANNEX 5: PUBLIC CONSULTATION AGENDA

PUBLIC CONSULATION FOR DRAFT SCOPING REPORT FOR ESIA OF SUB-PROJECT 1

FRIDAY 4 AUGUST, 2017 IN MANDALAY

The objectives of the public consultation for the ESIA/ESMP for Subproject 1 are to:

Present an overview of Component 3 of the Ayeyarwady Integrated River Basin Management Project (AIRBMP) and Subproject 1;

Outline the proposed technical solutions for Subproject 1 and results of modelling and simulations;

Review the approach for conducting the ESIA/ESMP of Subproject 1 described in the Draft Scoping Report;

Discuss stakeholder concerns and issues to be included in the ESIA/ESMP; and

Outline next steps in relation to the implementation of the ESIA/ESMP, including the Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) workshop.


Morning Session

08:45 – 09:00 Registration

09:00 – 09:15 Welcoming speech and brief project description by C-3 Director U Aung Myo Khaing, Component 3 Director

09:15 – 09:45 Role of RHDHV and approach to modelling

Alwin Commandeur, RHDHV

09:45 –10:30 Role of ICEM and Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Subproject-1

Rory Hunter, ICEM

10:30 –11:30 Q&A session All

11:30 –11:45 Closing thanks by Regional Officer DWIR, Mandalay



63

ANNEX 6: PUBLIC CONSULTATION E&S PRESENTATION



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71

ANNEX 7: PUBLIC CONSULTATION PARTICIPATION LIST

Level Stakeholders Contact Details of Stakeholders’

Name Title/Position Email Tel

Tow

nsh

ip a

nd

Re

gio

n (

wh

ere

ap

plic

able

)

? Thet Htun 09 402 57 85 83

Agriculture Myint Myint Oo

Agriculture (Monywa Township) (Deputy

Director) 09 400 413 416

Kyin Maung Agriculture 09 200 0220

B.S.I Thaw Zin B.S.I 09 402 605 906

Township General Administration

Office (GAD) Aung Kyaw Min

GAD Office (Pathein Gyi Township)

(Deputy GAD Officer) 09 442 038 866

DWIR

Kyaw Kyaw DWIR 09 401 560 973

Kyaw Soe Hlaing DWIR 09 444 071 109

San Paw DWIR 09 976 77 3336

Forestry Chaw Chaw Sein Forestry 09 420 710 584

MOC Thandar Myo 09 201 14 10

Department of Fisheries Win Myiint Saw Fishery 09 454 173 734

ECD Min Thein Mandalay (ECD) [email protected] 09 7 111 40 80

Rural Department Thein Htike Oo Regional Rural Department 09 256 021 920

Aye Aye Win Rural Department 09 333 310 76

Vill

age

Trac

t Village tract administrators in

each Township

Tin Swe Shankalay KyunVillage Tract

Administrator

09 79 65 455/

09 79 8563924

Myint Saung Chaung Pauk Village Tract Administrator 09 497 404 972



72



Kyaw Than

Thant Zin Tun Htan Taw Village,Sagiang 09 787 45 820

Nay Win Soe Htan Taw Village,Sagiang 09 799 979 360

Khin Maung Nyo Gyint Gyi Village 09 265 245 231

Thein Soe Kyun Sin Village Tract Administrator 09 331 232 99

Khin Lar Gyint Gyi Village

Tun Luu Kyun Sin Villager

Swe Oo Kyun Sin

Win Win Soe ?

Kyi Soe Kyun Sin Village

Zaw Khin Latt Pan Village 09 430 59 718

Win Oo Latt Pan Village

Khin San Shan Ka Lay Kyun Village

San Win Paut Taw Village

Naing Htun Kho Taung Village

Civ

il So

cie

ty

Org

anis

atio

ns

(CSO

s)

Universities or Research

Institutes Ye Ye Myint Chemistry Department (Lecturer ) 09 431 12 715

Community-Based River Network

Maung Maung Oo Natural Green Alliance 09 202 44 23


73



Environmental Groups

Pyae Pyae Thant Natural Green Alliance 09 785 248 258

Win Maw Natural Green Alliance 099 751 8968

Myint Naing Natural Green Alliance 09 971 400 111

Sell Natural Green Alliance 09 402 504 046

Khin Nilar Sein Yaung So/Tamaryeik 09 431 038 04

The Su Su Naing Green Justice Institute 09 402 627 046

Win Kyaw Green Justice Institute 09 910 471 84

Myo Than Green Justice Institute 09 402 502 425

Swe Tun Green Justice Institute

Aung Zeya Thabarwa Eain 09 444 009 112

Aung Khaing Thabarwa Eain 09 659 034 459

Maung Myo Thabarwa Eain 09 788 519 367

Hla Win Natural Green Alliance 09 256 517 655

Soe Hein Sein Yaung So (Activities) 09 203 3914

Tin Mar Yee Tamaryeik (Mdy) 09 331 85 13

Hla Kyaw Geography Association Myanmar (GAM)

Upper 09 256 226 747

Aung Myaing Geography Association Myanmar (GAM)

Upper 09 442 078 739


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Community Development

Organizations

Lin Naing Shwepatheinye Future Network 09 797 333 837

Myint Tun MRCN 09 430 138 42

Than Lone Shae Saung Lan Pya Kyal 09 420 740 553

Kyaw Thu Rein Aung IFI Watch Myanmar 09 444 214 446

Min Min IFI Watch Myanmar 09 775 902 749

Aung Thura Local Resource Center 09 206 11 31

Tun San MCPNC 09 793 991 521

Ko Ko Gyi MCPNC 09 201 437 8

Than Htun Aung MRCN 09 797 252 117

Nan Tin Tin Mya PCCEN 09 975 686 126

Oth

ers

Interested Individual

Saw Lwin Jetty Labour 09 440 499 202

Wai Lwin Yi ? 09 794 704 880

Marlar Jetty Labour 09 250 223 051

Local Business Persons Maung Myint Sand Mining Owner Association 09 431 89 122

Thet Tun Chairman 09 402 578 583

WB& DWIR|Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Subproject 1, Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) for Stretch 1, and ESMP Monitoring and Reporting during

Construction of Subproject 1| ICEM Inception Report for ESIA/EMP and Scoping Report for ESA – June 2017

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