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Developing and prototyping INSPIRE Developing and prototyping INSPIRE technical specifications for air, water, waste technical specifications for air, water, waste and biodiversity environmental monitoring and biodiversity environmental monitoring

facilitiesfacilities

(INSPIRE awwb EMF)(INSPIRE awwb EMF)

INSPIRE EMF Project

STEERING GROUPSTEERING GROUP

JRC (lead)JRC (lead)

EEAEEA

DG ENVDG ENV

EurostatEurostat

Consortium Consortium LMOsLMOs

Involved LMO representation from four Member States:

AustriaFranceSlovakia and UK

SUMMARYSUMMARY

aims and objectivesaims and objectivesapproaches approaches results of project to dateresults of project to date

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GSDI 11, INSPIRE 3, 19th June 2009, Rotterdam, NL – Ana Grossinho

To demonstrate how INSPIRE can be used to underpin the development of Shared Environmental Information Systems (SEIS)

To demonstrate the ability to encode and disseminate the various types of EMF Data acquired throughout the whole policy lifecycle: from collectionof source observations at Monitoring Facility level through to generating environmental quality status reports required to meet the various European environmental legislation reporting obligations.

aims aims

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objectives objectives

prepare HARMONISED metadata and data specifications for the INSPIRE data theme "Environmental Monitoring Facilities“ (EMF) related to the environmental acquis in the areas of

air, waste, water, and biodiversity (AWWB);

implement and demonstrate INSPIRE Network Services based on the INSPIRE metadata, data specifications and service standards;

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prototype possible automatic report generationbased on the INSPIRE services implemented;

analyse costs and benefits of the system developed; and

Launch a dissemination campaign.

objectives objectives

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ANNEX III SPATIAL DATA THEMES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLES 6(B) AND 9(B)

7. Environmental monitoring facilities (EMF)

“Location and operation of environmental monitoring facilities includes observation and measurement of emissions, of the state of environmental media and of other ecosystem parameters (biodiversity, ecological conditions of vegetation, etc.) by or on behalf of public authorities.”

Approaches Approaches –– starting point starting point

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Detailed ANALYSIS of CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL acquis for each themeand production of user (reporting) requirements for each case;

From detailed information to a common profile;New EMF definition;Looking at the differences (LMOs & themes)

to highlight the Commonalities (convergence)(cross-border comparability);

Close collaboration between Metadata and data specification model definition experts, software developers and thematic experts

approaches approaches

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“An Environmental Monitoring Facility (EMF) is a georeferenced object collecting and or processing data about features whose properties (e.g. physical, chemical, biological or other aspects of environmental conditions) are repeatedly observed/measured using static or mobile, in-situ or remote methods.”

Environmental monitoring facilitiesEnvironmental monitoring facilitiesNEW definitionNEW definition

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Static in-situ air quality monitoring stations;

Field survey locations for biological water quality monitoring;

Bouys/boreholes monitoring chemical water quality;

Waste treatment facilities monitoring amount of different types of waste disposed/recycled/incinerated;

Transects, point sample locations or mobile sensors for biodiversity monitoring;

satellites.

examples of EMFsexamples of EMFs

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1. Development of a SINGLE METADATA PROFILEThis documented the reporting or the operation of the EMF under the relevant European Environmental acquis.

AIR

WATER

WASTE

BIODIVERSITY

EMF METADATAPROFILE

results to dateresults to date

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extended to include additional metadata extended to include additional metadata elements:elements:

Data QualityData Quality: positional accuracy, level of QA/QC;: positional accuracy, level of QA/QC;Distribution informationDistribution information: additional descriptive info : additional descriptive info detailing how to access the data;detailing how to access the data;Maintenance InformationMaintenance Information: describes the update : describes the update frequency of the observations/reported data (e.g frequency of the observations/reported data (e.g 15 mins, 3 years).15 mins, 3 years).

results to date results to date –– EMF EMF metadata specification metadata specification

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2. Development of a European Data Specification for EMFs. The Proposed European Data Specification modelled the data required for reporting or operation of the EMF Under relevant European Environmental acquis. An application schema following ISO 19109 was developed.

AIR

WATER

WASTE

BIODIVERSITY

EMF DATA SPECIFICATION

PROFILE


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European environmental legislations state information should be made available for:

i) Environmental Monitoring Facilities Data;ii) Observation Result Data; and iii) Environmental Quality Status Information.

EMF legislationEMF legislation

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data specifications were set for:data specifications were set for:

1.1. Environmental Monitoring Facility DatasetEnvironmental Monitoring Facility Dataset: : contains 1 or more monitoring features contains 1 or more monitoring features (sensors (+ platforms), field surveyors, (sensors (+ platforms), field surveyors, algorithms, processing chains); algorithms, processing chains); Each monitoring feature collects observations Each monitoring feature collects observations of specific observed properties at one or more of specific observed properties at one or more sampling locations using a specific proceduresampling locations using a specific procedure

andand

EMF harmonised data specificationEMF harmonised data specification

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2.2. Observation Result DatasetObservation Result Dataset::

provides the results generated from the provides the results generated from the monitoring procedure (and postmonitoring procedure (and post--processing processing procedures) for observed phenomenon (e.g. procedures) for observed phenomenon (e.g. chemical water quality status) for a feature of chemical water quality status) for a feature of interest (e.g. river stretch).interest (e.g. river stretch).


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the the observation result datasetobservation result dataset may be:may be:

–– the original (raw) observations collected at the EMF, the original (raw) observations collected at the EMF, –– postpost--processed, derived observations for an EMF processed, derived observations for an EMF

(e.g. hourly mean, 24hr mean, monthly mean, (e.g. hourly mean, 24hr mean, monthly mean, annual mean), or annual mean), or

–– values describing environmental quality status of a values describing environmental quality status of a feature of interest (e.g. agglomeration, ground feature of interest (e.g. agglomeration, ground water body, protected area) which the EMF was water body, protected area) which the EMF was established to monitor.established to monitor.


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Observations Observations -- based on the OGC Sensor Web Enablement specifications

Although the specifications for the various SWE services are beyond the scope of this specification, they should be considered for developing services based upon Environmental Monitoring Facilities data

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EMF Key feature types EMF Key feature types and association rolesand association roles

Environmental Monitoring Facility: this essentially provides feature-level metadata for the MonitoringFeature(s) that describe where monitoring occurred.

e.g. air quality monitoring station, ship-track, groundwater borehole, transect.

Environmental Monitoring Network: this is a concrete class which allows the definition of an Environmental Monitoring Network

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Monitoring Facility Relation: where Monitoring Facilities are described individually, the relatedMonitoringFacility association role allows the ability to relate the Monitoring Facility to other Monitoring Facilities or Networks;

MonitoringFeature: is an abstract class which describes the feature where monitoring has occurred. MonitoringFeature must be associated with one or more features through an association role sampledFeature. The sampledFeature allows the ability to link the MonitoringFeature to one or more features of interest.


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SamplingFeature: The SamplingFeature class enables the locations where monitoring was performed by the monitoring feature to be located both in space and time;

ObservedProperties: this describes each of the properties that are monitored at the monitoring feature, the procedure and any relevant quality assurance information

ReportingInformation: this class allows the ability to define whether the MonitoringFeature is used to generate Observations (or Environmental Quality Status information) required to meet reporting obligations of relevant environmental legislation.


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Procedure (SurveyProcedure & ObservationProcedure):these classes allow the ability to define the procedures used to position the MonitoringFeature and collect measurements of observed properties, respectively


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Example EMF: Environmental Example EMF: Environmental Change NetworkChange Network

UK Environmental Change UK Environmental Change Network;Network;Consists of 57 terrestrial Consists of 57 terrestrial and freshwater EMFs;and freshwater EMFs;Each EMF has a sponsor Each EMF has a sponsor organisation which provides organisation which provides the funding for collecting the the funding for collecting the observations but may not observations but may not operate the EMF;operate the EMF;Data from each of the EMFs Data from each of the EMFs is centrally coordinated and is centrally coordinated and published. published.

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class UK Environmental Change Network

EnvironmentalMonitoringNetwork

«FeatureType»EnvironmentalChangeNetwork

::EnvironmentalMonitoringFacility+ localIDCode: GenericName [0..1]+ InternationalIDCode: GenericName [0..1]+ operationPeriod: TM_Period [0..1]+ leadResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [1..*]+ contributingResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [0..*]+ operatorResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [0..1]+ geographicDescription: Location [0..1]+ purpose: GenericName [0..*]+ type: GenericName [0..*]+ supplementalInformation: supplementalInfo [0..*]::AnyIdentifiableObject+ name: GenericName [0..*]+ description: CharacterString [0..1]+ identifier: ScopedName [0..1]

AnyIdentifiableObject

«FeatureType»environmentalMonitoringFacility::EnvironmentalMonitoringFacility

+ localIDCode: GenericName [0..1]+ InternationalIDCode: GenericName [0..1]+ operationPeriod: TM_Period [0..1]+ leadResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [1..*]+ contributingResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [0..*]+ operatorResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [0..1]+ geographicDescription: Location [0..1]+ purpose: GenericName [0..*]+ type: GenericName [0..*]+ supplementalInformation: supplementalInfo [0..*]::AnyIdentifiableObject+ name: GenericName [0..*]+ description: CharacterString [0..1]+ identifier: ScopedName [0..1]

«FeatureType»monitoringFeature::MonitoringFeature

::EnvironmentalMonitoringFacility+ localIDCode: GenericName [0..1]+ InternationalIDCode: GenericName [0..1]+ operationPeriod: TM_Period [0..1]+ leadResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [1..*]+ contributingResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [0..*]+ operatorResponsibleParty: ResponsibleParty [0..1]+ geographicDescription: Location [0..1]+ purpose: GenericName [0..*]+ type: GenericName [0..*]+ supplementalInformation: supplementalInfo [0..*]::AnyIdentifiableObject+ name: GenericName [0..*]+ description: CharacterString [0..1]+ identifier: ScopedName [0..1]

«FeatureType»observation::Observation

Observable Property::ObservableProperty

+ propertyType: AnyData+ observationPeriod: TM_Object [0..1]+ observationProcedure: System [0..1]

Reporting Information::ReportingInformation

+ requiredReporting: Boolean

Reporting Information::EnvironmentalLegislation

+ legislation: GenericName+ reportingOrganisation: ResponsibleParty+ reportingObligations: AnyData [0..*]

«FeatureType»TerrestrialSite

«FeatureType»FreshwaterRiverSites

«FeatureType»FreshwaterLakeSite

SamplingFeature

«FeatureType»Specialised Sampling

Features::Point

+ position: GM_Point+ time: TM_Object [0..1]

+samplingLocation1+s

ampl

ingL

ocat

ion

1

+samplingLocation

1

+legislationInfo0..*

+reportingInfo 1

+observedProperties 1..*

+relatedObservation 0..*

+relatedReportingObservation

0..*

+mon

itorin

gLoc

atio

n

1..*

+member 1..*

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ObservationsObservations

All Observation datasets are based on the OGC O&M conceptual model

The Environmental Monitoring Facility Observation dataset is modelled in two ways:

Feature ObservationsFeature Observations can consist of two core types: simple

and complex. Simple feature observations consist of a single result value. Simple feature observations may be used for near-real time observations of observedProperty values or environmental quality status indicator codes.

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ObservationsObservations

Coverage Observations

Coverage observations provide the ability to describe the observation result as a function of a domain feature. For example, the observation result for an observedProperty may be dependent on some parameter, such as time, geometry or anyFeature (e.g. Reporting Unit).

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Example Air Quality Monitoring Example Air Quality Monitoring Observation for a single Monitoring Observation for a single Monitoring StationStation

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class Air Quality Time Series Feature Observ ation

Phenomenon

«FeatureType»AirQualityPollutant

+ time: TM_Instant+ qaStatus: Boolean+ particulateMatte rPM10: Measure+ particulateMatte rPM2.5: Measure+ volatilePM10: Measure+ volatilePM2.5: Measure+ nitricOxide : Measure+ nitrogenDioxi de: Measure+ sulphurDioxide: Measure+ ozone: Measure

MonitoringFeature

«FeatureType»AutomaticMonitoringStation

AbstractFeatureObservation

«FeatureType»Feature Obs erv ations::

SeriesFeatureObserv ation

«FeatureType»AirQualityStatus

AbstractDataArrayaggregateTypes::DataArray

+ elementType : AnyData+ encoding: B lockEncoding+ values: DataValue

AbstractProcess

«FeatureType»Procedure::Procedure

+procedure

+sampledFeature

+result

+featureOfInterest

+observedProperty 1

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3. Report on the cross-border comparability of data and topology of Environmental Monitoring Facilities.


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Evaluation criteria (e.g. AIR)

using as reference the harmonized metadata specification proposed by the Consortium.

The monitoring systems for the four participating LMOs were evaluated by applying 23 evaluation criteria for the comparisonof these systems.

The scores run from compliance 1 (low), 2 (medium), to 3 (good).

Metadata and data specifications: AS-IS ANALYSIS –common indicators to compare convergence to proposed profile

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Air Quality Cross Border Comparability

0

1

2

3

4

Indicators

Scor

e

AT

FR

SK

UK

Air Quality Cross border comparability results

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Air Quality Data matrix - EMFs evaluated by 23 criteria

LMO PU OW PS DQ AR GI DCI IP2 RE AC MA ZA ST IP1 RM DS URL ME QM DCV CM TS FRAT 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3FR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3SK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 3UK 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3sum 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 12average 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.0std 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.6 0.6 1 1.2 0.8 0 0 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0 0 0

Indicator

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highest score

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highest score

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lowest score

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closeness to the METADATA specification profile proposed:

Scores used: (Closeness to harmonised profile:low (1), medium (2), high (3) (calculated as average across LMOs).

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Interoperability aspects evaluated

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EMFs Summary Table across all themes

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4. Software Development – to serve three purposes:

a) transform the existing EMF metadata and data into the proposed metadata and data specification; XLoader

b) provide access (public or restricted) to the relevant EMF metadata and to a representative sample of transformed EMF data; Deegree

c) prototype automatic report generation through the access tools; (Reporter)


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Transformationtools

Accesstools

Reporting tools

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Transformation tool (XLoader):• transforms data from excel/XML formats

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Publishes metadata and data

From PostgreSQL database using web services: Catalogue Service (CSW) – linked to INSPIRE geoportalWeb Map Service (WMS)Web Feature Service (WFS)

Publication Tools (Deegree)Publication Tools (Deegree)

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Reporting Tool (Reporter)Reporting Tool (Reporter)

Output formats:• Tabular• Map

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results to date results to date -- wastewaste

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5. Cost benefit analysis:

a) Evaluate costs of creation of metadata and data with the proposed specifications;

b) Evaluate benefits of system developed;

c) Use of a wide variety of stakeholders (www).


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Benefit evaluation Benefit evaluation –– model model applicable to LMOs applicable to LMOs

officialsofficials’’ useuseresearch communityresearch communitywider public usewider public usesubsub--contractors use contractors use other?other?

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Benefit evaluation Benefit evaluation –– model model applicable to Defra applicable to Defra

multimulti--criteria analysis of criteria analysis of benefits across themes through a benefits across themes through a focus group; focus group;

benefits hidden by the non benefits hidden by the non usage of the full potential of the usage of the full potential of the systemsystem

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6. Dissemination and outreach:

a) LMO registry (national, regional, local levels);

b) Project web page;

c) Workshops

d) provision of manuals and tutorial on Project web page


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project reports ready to be published project reports ready to be published atat

http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/index.cfhttp://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/index.cfm?id=2510m?id=2510

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AKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Dr Kristina Voigt National Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Biomathematics and Biometry,Department of Biostatistics,85764 Neuherberg, Germany

Data Analysis of environmental air pollutant monitoring systems in Europe, Environmetrics 2004; 15: 577-596 (DOI: 10.1002/env.653)

Joelle Colosio, ADEME, 27 rue louis vicat 75 737 Paris cedex 15 FRANCE [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

[email protected]

[email protected]

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