institutionalization of agro-ecology in the territories ... · 1. france –bresse 2. france...
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Institutionalization of agro-ecology in the territories: Models in dispute? Lessons from the IDAE project
Xavier ARNAULD DE SARTRE (CNRS)
Marion CHARBONNEAU (U. Pau)
Pierre GASSELIN (INRA)
IDAE (institutionnalisation des agroécologies) project:
Main objective: explore the institutionalisation processes of multiple agroecologies.
Secondary objectives:• the processes of interaction and mutual transformation between agroecologies, • the ways in which different forms of agroecology have become stabilised in diverse institutional
arrangements, • the effects of these institutionalisation dynamics on agroecological practices on the ground,• the forms of co-existence or hybridisation between agroecologies and conventional
agriculture(s).
What is agroecology?
Is agroécology:• A form of agriculture among others?
• A way of thinking agriculture that produces transformations in conventionnal forms of agriculture?
A study in three different regions:
1. France – Bresse2. France – Basque Country3. Argentina – Misiones.
Objectives of this presentation: • Understand what agroecology is in specific situations, and how does it transform the
coexistence between different farming systems,• Understand what does the « process of agro ecologization of agriculture » means.
Based on three master dissertations
Ecologization process: • Autonomy in protein supply,• Couverts hivernaux-> Conservation agriculture practices
A modernized agriculture
No organic agriculture
Bresse region
Basque Country
Transformation
Bovin lait
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
RA
/act
if
SAU/actif
maraichage
bovin laittransfo
ovin laittransfo
ovin lait type1
ovin lait type2
ovin+bovin
bovin lait
mixte
bovin lait
bovin allaitant
bovin allaitantmixte
Linéaire(SMIC)
Ovin Lait et ovin+ bovin
Bovin
Bovin allaitants
Ovin + bovin grandes surfaces
Marketgardenning
Dairy milk (cattle)with transf.
Dairy milk (sheeps) withtransf.
Dairy milk (sheeps) - 1
Dairy milk (sheeps) - 2
Dairy milk (cattle)
Dairy milk (cattle) mixt
Sheep and cattlebreeding
Cattle breeding for meat
Cattle breeding mixt
Guarrantedminimum wage
Important demandCreates value
Autonomy and
resilience
Needs important labourLack of land
The AOP maintains farming systems, practices and gives a territorial dynamic
Creates value
Strongly supported by public actors
Needs subventionsPoorly integrated chainNeed important labour
No specification of the production
Tries to develop new
activities
Value for the suppliers, not for the farmers
Need important labour
A triple dynamic: 1. Limit the use of pesticide,
weeds killers and fertilizers. 2. Pick up the added value of their
products,3. Diversify the incomes.
Objectives: 1. Limit costs2. Increase prices3. Limit impacts on the
environment4. Take control on the production
process
Misiones region (Argentina)
A triple dynamic: 1. Limit the use of pesticide,
weeds killers and fertilizers. 2. Organic practices,3. Linking cattle breeding and
agriculture.
Objectives: 1. Limit costs2. Limit environment
degradation3. Take control on the
production process
Conclusion
Agroecology as a way of practicing various kinds of agriculture
Economical and auto-empowerment strategies
Agroecology reintroduces complexity in working process, in knowledge