interdisciplinary knowledge modelling for free-form design
TRANSCRIPT
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Interdisciplinary Knowledge Modelling for Free-Form Design – An educational
Experiment
PhD Candidate - Delft University of Technology, School of Architecture, Building Technology and Architecture Departments
Researcher/Lecturer – BLOB and Hyperbody Research Groups
Tuba Kocaturk
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
INDUSTRIAL AGE INFORMATION AGE
A Formal Language that represents Technology (Mass Production)
Formal Variety due to Technology (Mass Customization)
Technology as an instrumentapplied to Design
Technology as an integral part of the Design Process
Separation of Disciplinary Knowledge Emerging Cross-disciplinary Knowledge
Design Construction Design Construction
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
ToolsProcesses
ConstraintsDependencies
EMERGING KNOWLEDGE
Question of Style?
GenerationDescriptionAnalysisRationalizationProductionConstruction
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Design Practice
Design Education
ExperientialTacit/Implicit InstrumentalProduct/ProcessSubjective
Conceptual Objective StructuredDescriptive
Explicit Knowledge
Design Research
DESIGN KNOWLEDGE
What kind of knowledge should be taught and acquired to achieve a conceptual understanding of emerging design knowledge
Know
ledg
e Co
nstr
uctio
n
Capture and Organize Design Knowledge?
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Minimum curvature
Organization of surface components
Structural Behaviour
Declarative (Explicit) Knowledge
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Surface Pattern Primary structure
Situative (Tacit) Knowledge
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Create an interdisciplinary design taxonomy
An extensible framework to store/retrieve/share and generate new knowledge (as a conceptual design aid)
Construct structured representations of concepts and their dynamic relationships
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Features Store DocumentsLinks between Features store documents
Integration of visual architectural information
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
THE APPLICATION:
A representational framework for the assimilation of new knowledge in a body of known and organized knowledge
Dealing with interdisciplinary knowledge at associative levels
Allows students to generalize and abstract ideas
Flexible and extensible framework for continuous learning and teaching
Analysis and Design are two separate concepts… How can such a System support both?
The workshops aim to test if:
--- Multi-disciplinary abstractions can be a means to provide information exchange and to integrate interdisciplinary knowledge
--- Innovation and creativity can arise through adaptation and combination of cases
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
rejected
rejected
rejected
possible
original
Stru c tu ral En gin e er M an u fac tu re rStructural Aspects Production Aspects
M ax De Lara Cohen, Chris Kievid Tomasz Jazkiewicz, Cheng Hui Chua
Arc h itectFormal Aspects
Dee Dee Lim
Meeting 01
Meeting 02
Definition of S tructure
Event Space
50m span, 12 m he ight
Priorties
To m ainta in continuity in triangulated structure,
The sk in is the structure
Least num ber of supports (3)
Roof glazing w ith g lass panes between structure
Proposed
Tubular stee l supporting structure, S tructure to have variab le density
Proposed
G lass panes can be a layer beneath structure (rejected by architect)
Non-linear (curved) beam s
Beam s w ith variab le rad ius
Engineer to verify a lternative m ethod
(structure w ith variab le density)
S tructure does not look feasib le a lthough the idea of variab le density is still in consideration
Decision to use curved beam sEngineer to
propose better
alte rnative
Proposed
Connections w ith nodes
Alternatives proposed
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
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M A N U F A C T U R E R E N G I N E E RA R C H I T E C TCriteria1. Structural expression2. Lightweight3. Maximal uninterrupted span
Structural Material Palette1. Steel2. Aluminum3. Concrete
Proposals1. 60 metre span2. Ground supports constrained to 3
(no intermediate supports)
Aesthetic priority1. Structure is skin configuration approved2. Structural steel material approved
Structural configuration considerations1. Structure is skin (contiguous)2. Structure below skin (endoskeleton)3. Structure above skin (exoskeleton)
Structural systems:1. Truss2. Ribs / Series of arches3. Beams
Structural systems suggestion(s):Primary / secondary configuration of beams
Constraint proposals:1. Variations in radius2. Variations in tube wall thickness
Joints1. Ball node joints2. Clamp joint
Web resolution & density1. Homogeneous / Mass Standardisation2. Varying web densities
+ varying sectional propertiesStructural expression priority, Therefore varying densities approved
Higher densities at supports requiredHigher densities at supports approved
Combination of ball nodes & clamp jointsCombinations of joint systems approved
Beams chosen
Manufacturer / Engineer Dialogue17/30
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Design Variable 3Design Variable 1 Design Variable 2
Parameters Parameters
Constraints Constraints
Parameters
Constraints
ArchitecturalStructural
Manufacturing
ArchitecturalStructural
Manufacturing
ArchitecturalStructural
Manufacturing
ANALYSIS
KNOWLEDGE
………store generated/used/abandoned knowledge
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Original Form1. Structural expression2. Lightweight3. Maximal uninterrupted span4. Homogenous triangulated resolution
Vaulted Form1. Regular span2. Regular spacing
Variable Density1. Structurally optimized2. Unnecessary deadload
eliminated
Radial Progression1. Risky2. Vertical load transfer restricted to
6 members3. Horizontal bands stabilize structure
Geometry Pattern Change1. Hexagonal tessellation
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Skin
StructureInitial Constraints:FormDevelopability
ProductionNew constraints:FactualIndividual
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Surface DivisionAlternatives
StructuralAlternatives
ManufacturingAlternatives
variables
variables
variables
Define Constraints
Parameters Parameters ParametersGENERATIVE
Macro level
Sub-Systemlevel
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Integration of interdisciplinary knowledge:
Workshop 1 Workshop 2
Explorative Pragmatic
Product Process
Product/Constraints Process/Dependencies
Constructability/Local
Design/Abstract concepts
Re-usable Knowledge:
Poor Good
Design Approach Satisfy Constraints/Solve Problems
Develop Methods/Strategies/Find Problems
Collaboration: Defined Roles Un-Defined Roles
Creativity:
Problem Focus:
Solution Focus:
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Design Practice
Design Education Kn
owle
dge
Cons
truc
tion
ExperientialTacit/Implicit InstrumentalProduct/ProcessSubjective
Conceptual Objective StructuredDescriptive
Explicit Knowledge
Design Research
BLIP UPDATE FOR DESIGN PRACTICE
The ability to theorize design enables the designers to move from unique cases to broad explanatory principles that can solve many problems
Structured CollaborativeDesign Knowledge
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Topological Construction GridNURBS SURFACE Double Curvature
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
D3BNProgram: DianaOutput: Dimensions and thickness
D3BNProgram: DianaOutput: Dimensions and thickness
OosterhuisProgram: Maya, Rhino Output: Outer shell, detailed information
OosterhuisProgram: Maya, Rhino Output: Outer shell, detailed information
Modified data to fit D3BN's FEM
Modified data to fit D3BN's FEM
Structural proposalStructural proposal
Interaction of Oosterhuis of and D3BN
Meijers StaalbouwProgram: AutoCADOutput: Elements, cost information
Meijers StaalbouwProgram: AutoCADOutput: Elements, cost information
OosterhuisProgram: Maya, Rhino, Pro-engineerOutput: Outer shell, detailed information
OosterhuisProgram: Maya, Rhino, Pro-engineerOutput: Outer shell, detailed information
Translate Rhino to AutoCAD
Translate Rhino to AutoCAD
Production alternatives
Production alternatives
Interaction of Oosterhuis and Meijers Staalbouw
Different set of relationships between interdisciplinary design domains (AEC)
Project name: Web of North Holland (Kas Oosterhuis)
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
3D Master ModelContains all the
necessary information for production and
assembly
3D Master ModelContains all the
necessary information for production and
assembly
Franken / ABB
Program: Maya, AutoCAD, RhinoOutput: Outer shell
Franken / ABB
Program: Maya, AutoCAD, RhinoOutput: Outer shell
Böllinger-Grohmann
Program: Ansys and R-StabOutput: Type and thickness of structural elements
Böllinger-Grohmann
Program: Ansys and R-StabOutput: Type and thickness of structural elements
IGES or DWG
Interaction of Architect and Engineer
3D Master ModelContains all the
necessary information for production and
assembly
3D Master ModelContains all the
necessary information for production and
assembly
Covertex
Program: Rhino, Mechanical Desktop and CatiaOutput: Construction and production drawings
Covertex
Program: Rhino, Mechanical Desktop and CatiaOutput: Construction and production drawings
IGESor
DWG
Böllinger-Grohmann
Check documents / control 3D Master Model
Böllinger-Grohmann
Check documents / control 3D Master Model
Krupp
Program: PK StahlOutput: Shop drawings and input for CNC cutters
Krupp
Program: PK StahlOutput: Shop drawings and input for CNC cutters
Master Model used for making the assembly and production drawings
Project Name: BMW Pavillion (Bernard Franken-ABB Architects)
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
TOOLS > PROCESSES >
Form Generation
Representation & Description
Structure/Elements/Material
Fabrication-Productability
Rationalization
EMERGING KNOWLEDGE
DEPENDENCIES > CONSTRAINTS
What each term means and represents is different for each domain…
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Hierarchical Generic NetworkInterdisciplinary Design Taxonomy
Problem – Solution PairsLink types (distinct in meaningand form)
Documents
Documents
Documents
Documents
Documents
Documents
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Link Types:
ConstraintAnalogyDependencyInspiration…..
Search Options:
By featureBy link (type)By Project, author…..
Users:
Document AddDocument SearchDocument Edit
Browsing:
Search-orientedReviewScanning
Interface:
http://bk-info.bk.tudelft.nl/test/seyfilab/admin/index.phphttp://bk-info.bk.tudelft.nl/test/seyfilab/tree2/menu/index.php
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Organization of interdisciplinary design knowledge
Structuring Tacit Information For Further Use and Sharing
Unified cross-disciplinary body of knowledge to:
CAPTURE ORGANIZE REPRESENT EXCHANGE RETRIEVE AND REUSEGENERATE …… used and abandoned
knowledge
DESIGN SUPPORT TOOL – knowledge environment
Early management of Constraints/ Dependencies/ Relationships between Design Tasks
Problem Solving Problem Finding
Multiple Search Options – Different Items of Knowledge
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Faculty of ArchitectureDepartment of Building Technology
Ove Arup(Eng.Office - Amsterdam)
Oosterhuis-NL(Arch. Office - Rotterdam)
Contributing Firms:
Contributing Chairs – TU Delft:Faculty of Architecture
Structural Design: Kees van WeerenWim Kamerling
Architecture: Kas Oosterhuis
Design informatics: Rudi StouffsSeyfi Bal
Acknowledgement:
Bollinger&Grohmann(Eng. Office - Frankfurt)