interferometric processing with...
TRANSCRIPT
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March 4, 2008 1
Interferometric processingwith Doris
Ramon Hanssen
Delft University of Technology
The Netherlands
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March 4, 2008 2
Day 2• Boot to Linux system:
• Insert Live-USB stick• Restart computer, press F9 while booting• Choose Ubuntu boot (persistent)
• Test Linux commands (see QRS, page 19/20)• Read QRS p. 3,4• Install Doris software (p. 5-8), follow steps
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March 4, 2008 3
Doris software characteristics• UNIX based;
• ascii files.• command line.
• One executable program;• keep track of all performed processing steps.
• Result files (e.g., 9192.res);• keep track of processing parameters for master image,
slave image, interferogram (products)• Modular processing
• each steps can be replaced by alternative methods.• methods can be tuned using input file.• general cards (MEMORY, SCREEN, PREVIEW, etc.).• specific cards (NUM_WINS, DAT_FILENAME, etc.).
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March 4, 2008 4
Processing Steps (simplified)• Initial steps;
• for master and slave image• read image parameters (acq. date, timing, etc.)• crop the data (cdrom harddisk)• get precise orbits (software by TU Delft)
• Coregistration;• Interferogram generation;• Phase unwrapping;
• very complicated step/may result in errors.• software from Curtis Chen (Stanford University).
• Geo-referencing • (Interpretation…);
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March 4, 2008 5
CROP
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March 4, 2008 6
Processing flowchartPreparing the data before interferogram
Read Parameters
Crop
Precise orbits
Basic procedure
Coregistration:
-Orbits
-Cross-correlation:
--Coarse
--Fine
-Coregistration Polynomial
Resampling slaveSpectral Filter range. (If large Bperp)
CoherencePhase Filter
Interferogram
Compute and substractref. phase
Phase unwrapping
DEM/DinSAR
Spectral Filter azimuth. (If high Doppler)
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March 4, 2008 7
Processing flowchartGeneral processing overview
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March 4, 2008 8
Doris: input file & results file
DorisInput filesInput.m_initial
Input.s_initial
…
result files:*.res
Text files with result parameters
(*.log, Processing info)
(Original image)
Processed image
For generating input files type:
run –g
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March 4, 2008 9
Doris: input file & results fileInput file (input.*):• General options.• IO files.• PROCESS ..• Input cards.
Results file (*.res):• Processing flags.• Result parameters.
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March 4, 2008 10
Doris PROCESS steps Defo-pair:• m/s_readfiles
• m/s_crop
• m/s_porbits
• coarseorb
• coarsecorr
• m/s_filtazi
• fine
• coregpm
• resample
• filtrange
• interfero
• comprefpha
• subtrrefpha
• dinsar
READ & CROP
PRECISE ORBITS
COREGISTRATION
RESAMPLING SLAVE
INTERFEROGRAM
SUBTRACTION REFERENCE SURFACE
SUBTRACTION TOPOGRAPHY
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March 4, 2008 11
Doris PROCESS steps Topo-pair:• m/s_readfiles
• m/s_crop
• m/s_porbits
• coarseorb
• coarsecorr
• m/s_filtazi
• fine
• coregpm
• resample
• filtrange
• interfero
• comprefpha
• subtrrefpha
• coherence
• unwrap
• slant2h
READ & CROP
PRECISE ORBITS
COREGISTRATION
RESAMPLING SLAVE
INTERFEROGRAM
SUBTRACTION REFERENCE SURFACE
UNWRAPPING
GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES
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March 4, 2008 12
Doris PROCESS steps Topo-pair:• m/s_readfiles
• m/s_crop
• m/s_porbits
• coarseorb
• coarsecorr
• m/s_filtazi
• fine
• coregpm
• resample
• filtrange
• interfero
• comprefpha
• subtrrefpha
• coherence
• unwrap
• slant2h
Defo-pair:• m/s_readfiles
• m/s_crop
• m/s_porbits
• coarseorb
• coarsecorr
• m/s_filtazi
• fine
• coregpm
• resample
• filtrange
• interfero
• comprefpha
• subtrrefpha
• dinsar
READ & CROP
PRECISE ORBITS
COREGISTRATION
RESAMPLING SLAVE
INTERFEROGRAM
SUBTRACTION REFERENCE SURFACE
SUBTRACTION TOPOGRAPHY
READ & CROP
PRECISE ORBITS
COREGISTRATION
RESAMPLING SLAVE
INTERFEROGRAM
SUBTRACTION REFERENCE SURFACE
UNWRAPPING
GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES
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March 4, 2008 13
Input file: general cards & io files## the general cards# SCREEN info // level of output to standard outBEEP warning // level of beepingPREVIEW on // SUNraster files with cpxfiddleMEMORY 150 // MBOVERWRITE ON // overwrite existing filesBATCH ON // non-interactiveLISTINPUT ON // copy this file to logHEIGHT 0.0 // average terrain height above WGS84TIEPOINT 0.0 0.0 0.0 // lat/lon/hei of a tiepointORB_INTERP POLYFIT 3 // 3rd degree polynomial (not good for RSAT)## the general io files# --------------------LOGFILE doris.log // log fileM_RESFILE master.res // parameter file masterS_RESFILE slave.res // parameter file slaveI_RESFILE master_slave.res // parameter file interferogram
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March 4, 2008 14
Input file: m_readfiles & m_cropPROCESS & INPUT CARDS:
PROCESS m_readfilesPROCESS m_crop
c //comment ___READFILES___ //c //
M_IN_VOL /d2/gron/05351/VDF_DAT.001 // slc volume fileM_IN_LEA /d2/gron/05351/LEA_01.001 // slc leaderfileM_IN_DAT /d2/gron/05351/DAT_01.001 // slc data fileM_IN_NULL dummy //c //comment ___CROP___ //c //
M_CROP_ID master // identifierM_CROP_IN /d2/gron/05351/DAT_01.001 // slc data fileM_CROP_OUT /d2/gron/05351/05351.raw // output filenameM_DBOW_GEO 51.98868294 4.39054025 800 160 //c M_DBOW LINESTART LINESTOP PIXELSTART PIXELSTOP // database output window
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March 4, 2008 15
Input file: read parameters, crop, precise orbits# ------------------------------------------# The general options# ------------------------------------------SCREEN info // level of output to standard out……
# ------------------------------------------# The general io files# ------------------------------------------
LOGFILE doris.log // log fileM_RESFILE 9192.res // parameter file masterS_RESFILE 9693.res // parameter file slaveI_RESFILE 9192_9693.res // parameter file interferogram
PROCESS m_readfiles // reading of slc filesPROCESS m_crop // convert data to internal formatc PROCESS m_ovs // optionally oversample dataPROCESS m_porbits // get precise orbits
…
..STOP // mandatory
Comments, skipped by doris
Files would be created in your current directory.
Otherwise, Outinfo/file.res
Last line
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March 4, 2008 16
Input file: read parameters, crop, precise orbits
# ------------------------------------------# READFILES (master)# ------------------------------------------
c M_IN_METHOD JERS // uses ERS ceos reader…c --or select following 2 for ENVISAT--M_IN_METHOD ASAR // ENVISATM_IN_DAT /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/9192.N1 // please link the actual input file with ln –s
# ------------------------------------------# CROP (master)# ------------------------------------------M_CROP_ID master // identifierM_CROP_IN /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/9192.N1 // please link the actual input file with ln -sM_CROP_OUT /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192.raw // output filenameM_DBOW_GEO 29.10 58.35 15000 3000 // lat_0[deg], lon_0, height, width[pix]
# ------------------------------------------# PORBITS (master)# ------------------------------------------…M_ORBDIR /d2/orbits/envisat/eigen-grace01s // grace gravity model
m_readfiles, m_crop & m_porbits:
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March 4, 2008 17
Res filesStart_process_controlreadfiles: 1precise_orbits: 1crop: 1oversample: 0filt_azi: 0filt_range: 0NOT_USED: 0End_process_control
********************************************************************_Start_readfiles:*******************************************************************Volume file:
"ASA_IMS_1PNUPA20031203_061259_000000162022_00120_09192_0099.N1" 49…SWATH: "IS2"PASS: "DESCENDING"SPH_DESCRIPTOR: "Image Mode SLC Image"RADAR_FREQUENCY (HZ): 5331004416.000000
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March 4, 2008 18
Read Parameters, Crop & Precise orbits
Long, lat
o
N. of pixels
N. of lines
**************************************************************_Start_readfiles:*************************************************************Volume file: "ASA_IMS_1PNUPA20031203_061259_000000162022_00120_09192_0099.N1" 49…
*******************************************************************_Start_precise_orbits:******************************************************************
t(s) X(m) Y(m) Z(m)NUMBER_OF_DATAPOINTS: 722374.000000 2967183.861 5500024.280 3495567.381…
*******************************************************************_Start_crop: master******************************************************************Data_output_file:
/home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192.raw
Res file
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March 4, 2008 19
Results file: process control flags
MASTER RESULTFILE: master.res
Start_process_controlreadfiles: 1precise_orbits: 0 crop: 1oversample: 0filt_azi: 0filt_range: 0NOT_USED: 0End_process_control
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March 4, 2008 20
Results file: m_readfiles & m_crop*_Start_readfiles:*******************************************************************Volume file: /d2/gron/05351/VDF_DAT.001Volume_ID: UP520625 Volume_identifier: 0005321600006710Volume_set_identifier: 1996042821352622(Check)Number of records in ref. file: 26355Product type specifier: PRODUCT:ERS-2.SAR.SLC Logical volume generating facility: UK-PAF Logical volume creation date: 20040907Location and date/time of product creation: GENERATED AT UK-PAF 7-SEP-2004 11:26:08.140 Scene identification: ORBIT 5351 DATE 28-APR-1996 21:35:26 Scene location: FRAME 1063 LAT: 53.22 LON: 6.71Leader file: /d2/gron/05351/LEA_01.001Sensor platform mission identifer: SAR- C-HR-IM-VV Scene_centre_latitude: 53.2160000Scene_centre_longitude: 6.7100000Radar_wavelength (m): 0.0565646First_pixel_azimuth_time (UTC): 28-APR-1996 21:35:26.259Pulse_Repetition_Frequency (computed, Hz): 1679.92605342Total_azimuth_band_width (Hz): 1378.0000000Weighting_azimuth: HAMMING Xtrack_f_DC_constant (Hz, early edge): -649.0900000Xtrack_f_DC_linear (Hz/s, early edge): 125700.0000000Xtrack_f_DC_quadratic (Hz/s/s, early edge): 99000000.0000000
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March 4, 2008 21
Range_time_to_first_pixel (2way) (ms): 5.5643960Range_sampling_rate (computed, MHz): 18.9624273765Total_range_band_width (MHz): 15.55Weighting_range: HAMMING
*******************************************************************Datafile: /d2/gron/05351/DAT_01.001Number_of_lines_original: 26354Number_of_pixels_original: 4900******************************************************************** End_readfiles:_NORMAL*******************************************************************
********************************************************************_Start_crop: master*******************************************************************Data_output_file: /d2/gron/05351/05351.rawData_output_format: complex_shortFirst_line (w.r.t. original_image): 1Last_line (w.r.t. original_image): 26354First_pixel (w.r.t. original_image): 1Last_pixel (w.r.t. original_image): 4900******************************************************************** End_crop:_NORMAL*******************************************************************
Results file: m_readfiles & m_crop (2)
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March 4, 2008 22
m_porbits & s_porbits
Precise orbits:• t, X, Y, Z .• WGS84.• uses ‘getorb’
program and ODR files.
IN (input file):comment ___PORBITS___ //
c //M_ORBDIR /d1/delftorbits/ERS2M_ORB_EXTRATIME 5 // Time before first lineM_ORB_INTERVAL 4 // Time between datac //
OUT (result file):*********************************************************_Start_precise_orbits:********************************************************
t(s) X(m) Y(m) Z(m)NUMBER_OF_DATAPOINTS: 2977720.000000 4446406.801 217338.873 5603886.16377721.000000 4440834.493 214955.683 5608383.99577722.000000 4435257.045 212573.075 5612875.730
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March 4, 2008 23
Amplitude
Reference phase
Topographic phase
RADAR INTERFEROMETRIC OBSERVATIONS
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March 4, 2008 24
Original orbits
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March 4, 2008 25
Precise orbits
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March 4, 2008 26
Processing Steps (Detailed)• Initial steps;
• for master and slave image• read image parameters (acq. date, timing, etc.)• crop the data (cdrom harddisk)• get precise orbits (software by Remko Scharroo, then Delft
university)• Coregistration;• Interferogram generation;• Phase unwrapping;
• very complicated step.• software from Curtis Chen (Stanford University).
• Geo-referencing;• (Interpretation…);
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March 4, 2008 27
Coregistration Steps (details)Goal: align slave image on top of master;• Coarse offset based on geometry (precise orbits);• Coarse offset based on amplitude cross-correlation
of large image patches;• Fine offset: compute local offset vectors based on
amplitude cross-correlation of a large number of small patches distributed over the whole image;
• Modeling estimated offsets by 2D polynomial of degree 2 (see, e.g., Doris manual)
• Actual resampling (interpolation) of slave image on top of master image
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March 4, 2008 28
BAM quake descending pass• descending pass• D-InSAR
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March 4, 2008 29
Processing Steps (Detailed)• Initial steps;
• for master and slave image• read image parameters (acq. date, timing, etc.)• crop the data (cdrom harddisk)• get precise orbits (software by Remko Scharroo, then Delft
university)• Coregistration;• Interferogram generation;• Phase unwrapping;
• very complicated step.• software from Curtis Chen (Stanford University).
• Geo-referencing of result;• (Interpretation…);
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March 4, 2008 30
Interferogram Generation (details)• Pointwise complex conjugated multiplication of
master with co-registered slave image;• i.e., phase difference master – slave;
• Reference phase modeling;• Reference phase subtraction;• Coherence map;
2D polynomial degree 5
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March 4, 2008 31
Differential Interferogram (details)
remove topography• using other interferogram.• (or existing DEM).
Here: 3-pass differential technique;• Interferogram without deformation• Interferogram spanning event (same master, i.e., same grid)• Use topographic information from topo-pair to remove
topography from interferogram spanning the event (phase scales with the perpendicular baseline)
• Requires unwrapped phase of topo-pair.
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March 4, 2008 32
Coregistration• Coarseorb: based on orbits.• Coarsecorr: amplitude cross-correlation (large
windows).• Fine: amplitude cross-correlation (small windows,
oversampling).
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Coregistration – input filecomment ___COARSE COREGISTRATION___ //c //CC_METHOD magfft // defaultc CC_IN_POS ///d2/Delft/winposcoarse.ascCC_NWIN 31 // number of windowsCC_WINSIZE 512 128 // size of windowsCC_INITOFF orbit // use result of orbitsc //c ___ ___ //comment ___FINE COREGISTRATION___ //c //FC_METHOD magfft //FC_IN_POS /d2/mudvolcanoes/winpos.ascFC_NWIN 1001 // number of windowsFC_WINSIZE 64 64 // size of windowsFC_ACC 8 8 // search window, 2^nFC_INITOFF coarsecorr // use result of coarseFC_OSFACTOR 16 // oversampling factorc //c ___ ___comment ___COREGISTRATION PARAMETERS___c //CPM_THRESHOLD 0.5 //CPM_DEGREE 1 //CPM_PLOT NOBG // plot w/o magnitude background
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Coregistration – input file# ------------------------------------------# COARSE COREGISTRATION# ------------------------------------------
CC_METHOD magfft // default
CC_NWIN 11 // number of large windowsCC_WINSIZE 512 128 // size of windows (square better?)CC_INITOFF orbit // use result of orbits
# ------------------------------------------# FINE COREGISTRATION# ------------------------------------------
FC_METHOD magfft // fast
FC_NWIN 1000 // number of smaller windowsFC_WINSIZE 128 128 // size of windowsFC_ACC 16 16 // search window, 2^n
FC_INITOFF COARSECORR // use result of coarseFC_OSFACTOR 32 // oversampling factorFC_PLOT 0.3 BG // GMT plot with magnitude BackGround image
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March 4, 2008 35
Coregistration – result file********************************************************************_Start_coarse_orbits:*******************************************************************Some info for pixel: 14000, 2808 (not used):Bperp [m]: 143.5Bpar [m]: 47.3Bh [m]: 150.9Bv [m]: 7.2B [m]: 151.1alpha [deg]: 2.7 // baseline orientationtheta [deg]: 21 // look angleinc_angle [deg]: 23.8 // incidence angleorbitconv [deg]: 0.00423806 // convergenceHeight_amb [m]: 60.4Btemp: [days]: -1120
Estimated translation slave w.r.t. master (slave-master):Coarse_orbits_translation_lines: -175Coarse_orbits_translation_pixels: -6******************************************************************** End_coarse_orbits:_NORMAL*******************************************************************
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March 4, 2008 36
Coregistration – result file********************************************************************_Start_coarse_correl:*******************************************************************Estimated translation slave w.r.t. master:Coarse_correlation_translation_lines: -128Coarse_correlation_translation_pixels: -6******************************************************************** End_coarse_correl:_NORMAL*******************************************************************
********************************************************************_Start_fine_coreg:*******************************************************************Oversampling factor: 16Number_of_correlation_windows: 475Number posL posP offsetL offsetP correlation
0 7074 1925 -126.44 -5.38 0.361 8440 846 -129.81 -5.25 0.272 11083 1410 -129.19 -5.44 0.463 11927 1228 -129.31 -5.25 0.264 7086 1836 -128.19 -5.50 0.44
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March 4, 2008 37
Coregistration
Fine coregistration:• Offset vectors slave-
master.• Length and direction
varies with position and elevation.
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March 4, 2008 38
Coregistration• Estimation of coregistration polynomial, process coregpm• Resampling, process resample• Both processes are in file input.resample
# ------------------------------------------# COREGISTRATION PARAMETERS MODELING# ------------------------------------------
CPM_THRESHOLD 0.4 // higher threshold->less windowsCPM_DEGREE 2 // 2d-polynomialCPM_WEIGHT linear //linear method
CPM_MAXITER 20 // automated removal, max 20 iterationsCPM_PLOT NOBG // plot w/o magnitude background
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March 4, 2008 39
Coregpm• Estimation of coregistration polynomial.• Output in CPM_data file.
Window number, position L, position P, offsetL (observation), offsetP (observation), correlation,estimated errorL, errorP, w-test statistics for L, P.
win posL posP offL offP corr eL eP wtstL wtstP------------------------------------------------------------
0 27 29 252.06 -2.25 0.54 0.08 -0.04 0.57 0.431 27 534 251.94 -2.25 0.81 -0.01 0.02 0.04 0.202 27 1039 252.00 -2.38 0.60 0.09 -0.05 0.59 0.523 27 1544 251.94 -2.38 0.66 0.06 0.01 0.43 0.084 27 2049 251.81 -2.44 0.52 -0.03 0.01 0.20 0.055 27 2554 251.69 -2.50 0.77 -0.11 0.00 0.75 0.016 27 3059 251.75 -2.50 0.51 -0.01 0.06 0.07 0.577 27 3564 251.62 -2.62 0.45 -0.10 -0.01 0.66 0.11
10 538 233 251.88 -2.31 0.83 -0.08 -0.08 0.57 0.81
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March 4, 2008 40
Coregistration, coregpmOutput in CPM_data file.
Window number, position L, position P, offsetL (observation), offsetP (observation), correlation,estimated errorL, errorP, w-test statistics for L, P.
win posL posP offL offP corr eL eP wtstL wtstP------------------------------------------------------------
0 27 29 252.06 -2.25 0.54 0.08 -0.04 0.57 0.43
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March 4, 2008 41
Coregpmwin posL posP offL offP corr eL eP wtstL wtstP------------------------------------------------------------
0 27 29 252.06 -2.25 0.54 0.08 -0.04 0.57 0.43
residuals
w-teststatistics
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March 4, 2008 42
Resampling slave to master grid IN (input file):
c //comment ___RESAMPLING SLAVE___ //
c //RS_METHOD cc6p //RS_OUT_FILE /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/slave.resampledRS_OUT_FORMAT cr4 //RS_DBOW 7000 12000 500 2000 // database output windowc //
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March 4, 2008 43
Resampling slave to master grid
The pixels of the slave are shifted to the corresponding position given by the polynomial
IN (input file):
# ------------------------------------------# RESAMPLING SLAVE# ------------------------------------------RS_METHOD rc6p // best choice (theory 0.9999)c --- Output file ---RS_OUT_FILE /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9693_resampled.rawRS_OUT_FORMAT CR4 //CR4 (complex_real4bytes, real in the sense of real numbers) or Ci2 (complex integes
//2bytes)RS_SHIFTAZI on // keep this on, unless doppler shift very small
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March 4, 2008 44
InterferoIN (input file):
comment ___INTERFEROGRAM___ //c //INT_OUT_CINT /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/master_slave.cint // INT_MULTILOOK 5 1 // line, pixel factorsc //
)(2121
*21
2121 ϕϕϕϕ −− == jjj eyyeyeyyy
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March 4, 2008 45
Interfero: topo-pair
Phase contributions: reference surface+topography+deformation+atmosphere+noise
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March 4, 2008 46
Interferogram•Compute interferogram, process interfero
•Compute reference phase, process comprefpha
•Subtract reference phase, process subtrrefpha
•All in input.products
# ------------------------------------------# INTERFEROGRAM# ------------------------------------------
INT_METHOD old // INT_OUT_CINT /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.cint // optional complex int.INT_MULTILOOK 5 1 // line, pixel factors
# ------------------------------------------# REFERENCE PHASE COMPUTATION# ------------------------------------------
FE_METHOD porbits //FE_DEGREE 5 //FE_NPOINTS 501 //
# ------------------------------------------# SUBTRACT REFERENCE PHASE# ------------------------------------------
SRP_OUT_CINT /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.srp //SRP_MULTILOOK 3 3
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March 4, 2008 47
Interfero
Phase contributions: reference surface+topography+deformation+atmosphere+noise
)(2121
*21
2121 ϕϕϕϕ −− == jjj eyyeyeyyy
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March 4, 2008 48
Reference phase subtractionIN (input file):
c //comment ___REFERENCE PHASE___ //c //
FE_METHOD porbits //FE_DEGREE 5 //FE_NPOINTS 501 //c //c //comment ___SUBTRACT REFERENCE PHASE___//c //
SRP_METHOD polynomial // evaluate comprefpha polySRP_OUT_CINT /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/int_21632_21131.srp //SRP_MULTILOOK 2 2 //
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March 4, 2008 49
Subtrrefpha
- ref_phase
Phase contributions: topography+deformation+atmosphere+noise
Topo-pair
Bperp=380m ; H_amb=23m; Btemp=35days
Rule of thumb
Bperp=100m -> H_amb=100m
Bperp=200m -> H_amb=50m
Bperp=400m -> H_amb=25m
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March 4, 2008 50
Subtrrefpha
- ref_phase
Phase contributions: topography +deformation+atmosphere+noise
Topo-pair
Bperp=380m ; H_amb=23m; Btemp=35days
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March 4, 2008 51
Phase variance estimation:Coherence
•Optics equivalent to correlation:
•Estimation of coherence:
}|{|}|{|}{
22
21
*21
yEyEyyE⋅
=γ
∑ ∑∑
= =
==N
n
N
nnn
N
nnn
yy
yy
1 12)(
22)(
1
1)(
2)(
1
||||
|||ˆ| γ
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March 4, 2008 52
Coherence
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March 4, 2008 53
Coherence•Process coherence in input.products
----------------------------------------# COHO# ------------------------------------------COH_METHOD old // COH_OUT_COH /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.coh // optional realCOH_MULTILOOK 5 1 // same as interferogramCOH_WINSIZE 15 15 // estimator window size
∑∑
∑
==
==N
iii
N
iii
N
iii
c
SSN
MMN
SMN
0
*
0
*
0
*
11
1
γ
Coherence estimator
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March 4, 2008 54
CoherenceIN (input file):
c //comment ___COHERENCE___// c //
COH_OUT_COH /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/coh.rawCOH_MULTILOOK 10 2 COH_WINSIZE 10 2c
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March 4, 2008 55
Coherence•Process coherence in input.products
----------------------------------------# COHO# ------------------------------------------COH_METHOD old // COH_OUT_COH /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.coh // optional realCOH_MULTILOOK 5 1 // same as interferogramCOH_WINSIZE 15 15 // estimator window size
∑∑
∑
==
==N
iii
N
iii
N
iii
c
SSN
MMN
SMN
0
*
0
*
0
*
11
1
γ
Coherence estimator
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March 4, 2008 56
Phase Unwrapping•Process unwrap in input.filter_unwrap# ------------------------------------------# PHASE UNWRAPPING# ------------------------------------------
UW_OUT_FILE /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.uint // unwrapped interferogramUW_METHOD SNAPHUUW_OUT_FORMAT HGTUW_SNAPHU_LOG snaphu.logUW_SNAPHU_coh /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.cohUW_SNAPHU_MODE TOPOUW_SNAPHU_INIT MSTUW_SNAPHU_VERBOSE ON
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March 4, 2008 57
Phase Unwrapping
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March 4, 2008 58
Unwrap & Slant2HIN (input file):comment ___UNWRAP PHASE___ //c //
UW_OUT_FILE /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/int_21632_21131.uint // unwrapped interferogram
UW_METHOD SNAPHUUW_SNAPHU_LOG snaphu.logUW_SNAPHU_MODE TOPOUW_SNAPHU_INIT MSTUW_SNAPHU_VERBOSE ONccomment ___SLANT2H___c
S2H_METHOD ambiguityS2H_OUT_HEI /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/heitopo.rawS2H_OUT_PHI /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/phitopo.rawS2H_OUT_LAM /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/lamtopo.raw
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March 4, 2008 59
Slant to height conversion and geocoding
Process slant2h in input.s2h_geocode
Process geocode in input.s2h_geocode
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March 4, 2008 60
Slant2h & conversion to UTM
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March 4, 2008 61
InterferoTopo-pair Defo-pair
Phase contributions: reference surface+topography+deformation+atmosphere+noise
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March 4, 2008 62
SubtrrefphaTopo-pairBperp=380m ; H_amb=23m ; Btemp=35days
Defo-pairBperp=144m ; H_amb=60m ; Btemp=1120days
- ref_phase - ref_phase
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March 4, 2008 63
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March 4, 2008 64
Differential InSAR
• Process dinsar, in file input.filter_unwrap
# ------------------------------------------# DIFFERENTIAL INSAR# ------------------------------------------
DI_OUT_FILE /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.dcint // differentialDI_IN_TOPOSLAVE /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DEM/Inputfiles/6687.res //topo slaveDI_IN_TOPOINT /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DEM/Inputfiles/9192_6687.res //topopair
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March 4, 2008 65
DInSARIN (input file):
c //comment ___DINSAR___//c //
DI_OUT_FILE diffint.raw //DI_IN_TOPOSLAVE /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/slave.res //DI_IN_TOPOINT /d2/mudvolcanoes/int_21632_21131/master_slave.res //
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March 4, 2008 66
DInSAR
- ref_phase - (ref_phase+topography)
Phase contributions: deformation+atmosphere+noise
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March 4, 2008 67
DInSAR- ref_phase (Bperp=500m) - (ref_phase+topography)
Phase contributions: deformation+atmosphere+noise
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March 4, 2008 68
Doris Cook Book
• Login: defolabs• Pass:InSAR_lr• Create DEM directory• Links to original data• Execute:
run –g –M MasterOrbit –S slaveOrbit
(have a look to the directories you’ve created, in particular Inputfiles)
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March 4, 2008 69
Interpretation: On the sign of the phase
-image on the right is standard output Doris (independent of descending or ascending image)
LANDSATNORTH
EAST
WEST
SOUTH
NORTH
SOUTH
EAS
T !!
!
WES
T !!!
-π +π
Early azimuth
Far rangeNear range
Late azimuth
T.Wright, Oxford
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March 4, 2008 70
Phase-deformation relationship
Subsidence ∆z
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March 4, 2008 71
Interpretation: On the sign of the phase
FIRST, consider the TIMES of the images!!!
We perform: MASTER – SLAVE
CHECK: tmaster < tslave
If YES: range increase (Rt1 < Rt2)phase decrease (φt1> φt2)
interferometric phase increase (φt1−φt2 > 0)
φπλ
4−=D
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March 4, 2008 72
Interpretation: On the sign of the phase
NORTH
SOUTH
EAS
T !!
!
WES
T !!!-π +π
Early azimuth
Far rangeNear range
Late azimuth
Towards center: BYR: increasing interferometric phase increasing range to
satellite
φπλ
4−=D
Towards center: BRY: decreasing interferometric phase decreasing range to
satellite
Colorbar BYR: increasing interferometric phase
+-
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Interpretation: On the sign of the phase
NORTH
SOUTH
EAS
T !!
!
WES
T !!!-π +π
Early azimuth
Far rangeNear range
Late azimuth
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March 4, 2008 74
Interpretation: On the sign of the phase
NORTH
SOUTH
EAS
T !!
!
WES
T !!!-π +π
Early azimuth
Far rangeNear range
Late azimuth
NORTH
SOUTH
EAS
T !!!
WES
T !!
!
-π +π
Far range Near range
az
CONCLUSION: Right lateral (strike slip)
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CHECK:
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76
SRTM shaded-relief topography
Nayband fault
Gowk fault
Gareth Funning1, Barry Parsons1, Tim Wright1, Eric Fielding2,3, James Jackson2 and Morteza Talebian4
Jebal Barez
mountains
Dasht-e Lut
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Azimuth offsetsAscending Descending
Gareth Funning1, Barry Parsons1, Tim Wright1, Eric Fielding2,3, James Jackson2 and MortezaTalebian4
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Phase ambiguities
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March 4, 2008 79
Phase unwrapping steps
1. Determine phase gradients2. Detect problem areas3. Phase gradient integration
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Phase unwrapping errors
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March 4, 2008 81
Spectral FilteringThe reflected signal is a vectorial summation of the
objects belonging to a resolution cell.
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Remind in: Spectral Filtering• Spectral shift is caused by a difference in the local incident angle.• If baseline ≥ baselinecrit there is no spectral overlap !• Spectral filtering increases SNR , thus improving unwrapping.
Spectral filtering = removing non-overlapping parts
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March 4, 2008 83
Spectral Filtering in Doris• In azimuth direction, process m/s_filtazi, in file input.coregistration, (after coarse before
fine corresgistration)• In range direction, process filtrange , in file input.resample, after resampling
# ------------------------------------------# AZIMUTH FILTERING# ------------------------------------------…AF_OUT_MASTER Outdata/9192.afAF_OUT_SLAVE Outdata/9693.af…
# ------------------------------------------# RANGE FILTERING (master&slave)# ------------------------------------------…RF_METHOD adaptive // estimate local fringe freq, adapts depending on local SNRRF_OUT_MASTER Outdata/9192.rf_adaptRF_OUT_SLAVE Outdata/6687.rf_adapt
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3-Pass differential Interferometry• DInSAR consist in removing the topography of
defopair using the topopair:• Topo and Defo-pair have a common master.• Assume non deformation in topo-pair • Btopo
perp≥ Bdefoperp and Btopo
perp < 0.7 Bcritperp
• Method: The topopair is unwrapped and then wrapped to defopair fringe frequency.
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March 4, 2008 86
3-Pass differential Interferometry
Topo-pairBperp=380m ; H_amb=23m ; Btemp=35days
Defo-pairBperp=144m ; H_amb=60m ; Btemp=1120days
- ref_phase - ref_phase
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DInSAR
- ref_phase - (ref_phase+topography)
Phase contributions: deformation+atmosphere+noise
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DInSAR- ref_phase - (ref_phase+topography)
Phase contributions: deformation+atmosphere+noise
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March 4, 2008 89
Differential InSAR
• Process dinsar, in file input.filter_unwrap
# ------------------------------------------# DIFFERENTIAL INSAR# ------------------------------------------
DI_OUT_FILE /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DINSARII/Outdata/9192_9693.dcint // differentialDI_IN_TOPOSLAVE /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DEM/Inputfiles/6687.res //topo slaveDI_IN_TOPOINT /home/miguel/Desktop/Doris/DEM/Inputfiles/9192_6687.res //topopair
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New processing methodologies
• To resolve the ambiguities• Separate topography and deformation• To detect information in the noise• To estimate/mitigate atmospheric signal• To estimate orbit errors
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March 4, 2008 91
The Goldstein Filter
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Precise orbits
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Filtered