INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION

Making Cities Disaster Resilient

An Ongoing Activity and Opportunity for Cities that will be Highlighted on

October 13th, 2010

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of

North Carolina, USA

A PART OF THE UNITED NATIONS’ WORLD DISASTER RISK REDUCTION CAMPAIGN

Coordinated by the United Nations National Strategy for Disaster

Reduction

2010-2011

DISASTER RISKS OF NATURAL HAZARDS

GOAL: To encourage actions by

local governments that will reduce disaster risk and move their cities towards disaster resilience and

sustainability.

FRAGILE EARTH

Planet Earth is at greater risk than ever before with cities, people, buildings, infrastructure, and environments at

increased risk

ENVIRONMENTS OF PLANET EARTH THAT ARE AT RISK

• Oceans • Polar regions• Deserts• Grasslands • Wetlands• Mountains• Forests

•Cities

CITIES (PEOPLE, PROPERTY, AND INFRASTRUCTURE) ARE AT RISK

Cities Have Unique Opportunity to Write a

Success Story

All cities have an opportunity to join with the 100 cities that have

already agreed to adopt the international goal and work towards

disaster resilience.

EVERY CITY EXPERIENCES NATURAL HAZARDS, WHICH CREATES AN URGENT NEED

FOR PUBLIC POLICIES TO PREVENT, MITIGATE, AND PREPARE STRATEGICALLY

TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS

EXAMPLES OF SOME CITIES THAT CAN

BENEFIT BY BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

ISLAND NATIONS

BUILD ON CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF NATIONS IN THE REGION

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RusksRusks

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RusksRusks

BUILD TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY FOR INCREASED COMMITMENT

IMPROVE COMMUNICATIONS

INCREASE AND IMPROVE PARTNERSHIPS

FOCUS ON PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS AND INNO-VATIVE IMPLEMENTATION

DEVELOP FINANCIAL RESOURCES

INCREASE RESILIENCE OF COMMUNITIES BY REDUCING VULNERABILITIES

IMPROVE PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

ISLAND NATION’S HAZARDSISLAND NATION’S HAZARDS

• SEVERE WINDSTORMS

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• WILDFIRES• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

• SEVERE WINDSTORMS

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• WILDFIRES• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

REYKJAVIK, ICELAND: 120,000

JAKARTA, INDONESIA: 9.8 MILLION

TOKYO: A MEGACITY OF 35 MILLION

TOKYO: A MEGACITY OF 35 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

REDUCE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND ENTERPRISE VULNERABILITIES

ACCELERATE EDUCATION (WITH FOCUS ON RISK REDUCTION TECHNIQUES

INCREASE CAPACITY TO MITIGATE DAMAGE/LOSS OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

ENHANCE PUBLIC HEALTH

IIPROVE CAPACITY FOR PERFORMING LOSS ESTIMATIONS

ESTABLISH AN AFRICAN CENTER OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT

ESTABLISH SUB-REGIONAL CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT

AFRICA’S PROBLEMS AND HAZARDS

AFRICA’S PROBLEMS AND HAZARDS

• POLITICAL INSTABILITY

• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS ON AIR, WATER, AND SOIL

• ENDANGERED SPECIES

• HEALTH

• POLITICAL INSTABILITY

• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS ON AIR, WATER, AND SOIL

• ENDANGERED SPECIES

• HEALTH

LAGOS, NIGERIA: 13.5 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

CARIBBEAN BASIN NATIONS

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL RISKS

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksDisaster Risks

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksDisaster Risks

INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF RISKS IN EVERY NATION

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON ISLAND-SPECIFIC SCALES

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON COMMUNITY SCALES

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON NATIONAL SCALES

ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON REGIONAL SCALE

CONTINUE BUILDING BASIN-WIDE PARTNERSHOPS

CARIBBEAN BASIN’S HAZARDS CARIBBEAN BASIN’S HAZARDS

• HURRICANES• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS• TSUNAMIS

• HURRICANES• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS• TSUNAMIS

SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO: 422,000

PORT AU PRINCE, HAITI (BEFORE 01/12/2010): 2 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

EUROPE

IMPROVE EARLY WARNING AND EARLY RESPONSE

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS

INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS

ENGAGE POLITICAL LEADERS TO CHANGE POLICIES AND PRACTICES

TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT

CREATE A FORUM ON DISAS-TER RISK REDUCTION

EUROPE’S HAZARDS EUROPE’S HAZARDS

• FLOODS

• SEVERE WINDSTORMS

• EARTHQUAKES

• ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

• FLOODS

• SEVERE WINDSTORMS

• EARTHQUAKES

• ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

VENICE, ITALY: 271,000

ISTHANBUL, TURKEY, A MEGACITY OF 15 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

MEDITERRANEAN REGION

INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS IN REGION

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS

INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS

ENGAGE POLITICAL LEADERS IN CHANGUNG POLICIES AND PRACTICES

TOWARDS SSUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT

CONTINUE IMPROVING PARTNERSHIPS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

MEDITERRANEAN REGION HAZARDS

MEDITERRANEAN REGION HAZARDS

• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• TSUNAMIS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• ENVIRONMENTAL

DEGRADATION

• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• DROUGHTS• LANDSLIDES• TSUNAMIS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• ENVIRONMENTAL

DEGRADATION

AMMAN, JORDAN: 1.3 MILLION

ALGIERS, ALGERIA: 3 MILLION

CAIRO: A MEGACITY OF 17 MILLION

CAIRO: A MEGACITY OF 17 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

ASIA AND ITS SUB-REGIONS

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO AVOID DISASTERS AS PART OF LAND-USE PLANNING

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksFocus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksGOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksFocus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO MATCH STRUCTURAL DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND

IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY

IMPROVE DISASTER SCENARIOS

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION

IMPROVE HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION MODELS AND MAPS

DEVELOP COMMUNITY PLANS TO REDUCE URBAN VULNERABILITIES

IMPROVE RISK ASSESSMENTS

ASIA’S HAZARDS ASIA’S HAZARDS

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• CYCLONES/TYPHOONS• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• DROUGHTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

DEGRADATION

• FLOODS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• CYCLONES/TYPHOONS• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• DROUGHTS• ENVIRONMENTAL

DEGRADATION

DHAKA, BANGLADESH: 10.6 MILLION

MUMBAI. INDIA: 18 MILLION

KARACHI, PAKISTAN: 11.8 MILLION

BAKGKOK, THAILAND: 7.2 MILLION PEOPLE

SHANGHAI, CHINA: 20 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

THE AMERICAS

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO AVOID DISASTERS AS PART OF LAND-USE PLANNING

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksFocus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksGOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksFocus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks

IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO MATCH STRUCTURAL DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND

IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY

IMPROVE DISASTER SCENARIOS

IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION

IMPROVE HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION MODELS AND MAPS

DEVELOP COMMUNITY PLANS TO REDUCE ALL URBAN VULNERABILITIES

IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

THE AMERICAS (CONTINUED)

IMPROVE MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MODELS TO MANAGE RISK

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster RisksRisks

IMPROVE THE NEXT GENERATION OF BUILDING CODES AND STANDARDS

IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF INTERACTION OF HAZARD AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS

INCREASED COLLECTION AND SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE

IMPROVE DATA COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT

IMPROVE PROCESS FOR SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

ENHANCING MULTIPLE EFFORTS IN CAPACITY BUILDING

CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION GAP “

THE AMERICA’S HAZARDS THE AMERICA’S HAZARDS

• FLOODS

• HURRICANES

• EARTHQUAKES

• TORNADOES

• ICE STORMS

• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

• LANDSLIDES

• FLOODS

• HURRICANES

• EARTHQUAKES

• TORNADOES

• ICE STORMS

• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

• LANDSLIDES

GREATER NEW ORLEANS, LA: ONLY 300,000 AFTER KATRINA

SAN FRANCISCO, CA: 744,000

LOS ANGELES.CA: A MEGACITY OF 13.1 MILLION

MIAMI (SOUTH BEACH), FLORIDA: 1 MILLION

BOSTON, MASS: 600,000

MANHATTAN ISLAND, NEW YORK CITY

MEXICO CITY: A MEGACITY OF 21 MILLION

RIO DE JANERIO: 10.6 MILLION

BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA: 12.4 MILLION

SANTIAGO, CHILE: 5.3 MILLION

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES TOWARD DISASTER RESILIENT CITIES

INNOVATIVE IMPLEMENTATION IS THE KEY

OUTREACH BY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCING ORGANIZATIONS

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS FOR EVERYONEFOR EVERYONE!!

GOAL: GOAL: Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS Focus on Success; FAILURE IS A LOSS FOR EVERYONEFOR EVERYONE!!

COUNTER-DISASTER TRAINING OF RESPONSIBLE PERSONS

PUBLIC AWARENESS TO GAIN SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINED IMPLEMENTATION

COORDINATED BUSINESS POLICIES AND PRACTICES

COORDINATED GOVERNMENT POLICES, PRACTICES, AND LEGISLATION

IMPROVED TRANS-BORDER LINKAGES BETWEEN COUNTRIES

IMPROVED LEVERAGING OF EXISTING INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

COMMINICATION!

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION REQUIRES A “24/7” EFFORT

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION REQUIRES A “24/7” EFFORT

• PREVENTION (CONTROL THE SOURCE)

• PROTECTION (BUILD TO WITHSTAND)

• LAND-USE CONTROL ((AVOIDANCE)

• PREVENTION (CONTROL THE SOURCE)

• PROTECTION (BUILD TO WITHSTAND)

• LAND-USE CONTROL ((AVOIDANCE)

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION REQUIRES A “24/7” EFFORT

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION REQUIRES A “24/7” EFFORT

• MONITORING (FACILITATES EARLY WARNING AND EVACUATION TO GET PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY)

• MONITORING (FACILITATES EARLY WARNING AND EVACUATION TO GET PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY)