international observe the moon night · the amateur observers' society of new york t ama o s...

12
THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK The Amateur Observers' Society 459 Little East Neck Rd., West Babylon, NY 11704-6520 (Fax) 360-248-3129 AOS Monthly Meeting Hofstra University Berliner Hall, Rm 117, Bldg 62, California Ave, Hempstead, NY In case of inclement weather, or other unusual situation, please call Hofstra at (516) 463-7669 The Celestial Observer is the the Official Newsletter of the Amateur Observers’ Society of NY, Inc. A 501(c)3 organization. Visit us at www.aosny.org and join us on Facebook. The AOS expresses its deepest appreciation to Hofstra University for hosting our meetings, the Custer Institute, NYS Parks Dept and National Park Service for hosting our Observatories, and the Sierra Club Long Island Group for the 20" telescope. IN THIS MONTH’S ISSUE President's Message September Meeting Summary Museum of the Moon Trip Summer Solar Minimum www.aosny.org OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER October 2019 AMATEUR OBSERVERS’ SOCIETY OF NEW YORK CONTINUED INSIDE… NEXT MEETING: Sunday October 6, 1:15PM at Hofstra University, Hempstead NY Berliner Hall Room 117 Building 62, California Ave. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE By Sue Rose Welcome to Autumn. Right on schedule, the Sun crossed over the celestial equator as it continues the plunge toward the winter solstice, just a scant 3 months away. The nights are getting longer which means that we are gaining observing time. The temps still aren’t too bad so don’t waste it. Get out there before it gets too cold. We have just a few observing oppor- tunities left this year, unless you’ve purchased a NYS StarGazing permit, so don’t squander it. We’ll also discuss some of the observing programs you can partake of in the upcoming starlit nights at the October meeting. It was great to hear of the many excursions our members undertook this past summer and how some observing fit into their travels. We ran out of time, so Linda P couldn’t show us the new Night Sky Network toolkit on the Moon that we received in the Spring. We’ll plan that for a future meeting. This “Astronomy in a Box” program, provided to us by the Astronomical Society’s Night Sky Network, is a great resource available to members who wish to give presentations to other organizations. Most all of the material that you need to provide hands-on programs is included, along with reference materials, DVDs with suggested scripts, etc. We often use just small pieces at various outreach programs. You can make it as long or short as you need. Discuss it with Linda anytime. Our guest speaker for Oct will be long time AOS friend John Pazmino. John has a wealth of astronomical and NYC info in his cranial library, truly a font of details that most of us will never know. Did you know that Venus, our sister planet, goes through cycles of visibility lasting approximately 8 years? The last 2 ending in something spectacular, but that won’t happen again in our lifetimes. Come and learn about how and when it’s best to view the super-hot, clouded over phases of our solar system neighbor. Following the meeting, we will participate in operating the Hofstra Observatory for the public, weather permitting. You would be amazed at the Photo: Jordan Mansfield/Getty

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Page 1: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NEW YORK

The Amateur Observers Society459 Little East Neck Rd West Babylon NY 11704-6520(Fax) 360-248-3129

AOS Monthly MeetingHofstra University Berliner Hall Rm 117 Bldg 62 California Ave Hempstead NYIn case of inclement weather or other unusual situation please call Hofstra at (516) 463-7669

The Celestial Observer is the the Official Newsletter of the Amateur Observersrsquo Society of NY Inc A 501(c)3 organization

Visit us at wwwaosnyorg and join us on FacebookThe AOS expresses its deepest appreciation to Hofstra University for hosting our meetings the Custer Institute NYS Parks Dept and National Park Service for hosting our Observatories and the Sierra Club Long Island Group for the 20 telescope

IN THIS MONTHrsquoS ISSUE

Presidents MessageSeptember Meeting SummaryMuseum of the Moon TripSummer Solar Minimum

wwwaosnyorg OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER October 2019

A M A T E U R O B S E R V E R S rsquo S O C I E T Y O F N E W Y O R K

CONTINUED INSIDEhellip

NEXT MEETING Sunday October 6 115PM at Hofstra University Hempstead NY Berliner Hall Room 117 Building 62 California Ave

THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGEBy Sue Rose

Welcome to Autumn Right on schedule the Sun crossed over the celestial equator as it continues the plunge toward the winter solstice just a scant 3 months away The nights are getting longer which means that we are gaining observing time The temps still arenrsquot too bad so donrsquot waste it Get out there before it gets too cold We have just a few observing oppor-tunities left this year unless yoursquove purchased a NYS StarGazing permit so donrsquot squander it Wersquoll also discuss some of the observing programs you can partake of in the upcoming starlit nights at the October meetingIt was great to hear of the many excursions our members undertook this past summer and how some observing fit into their travels We ran out of time so Linda P couldnrsquot show us the new Night Sky Network toolkit on the Moon that we received in the Spring Wersquoll plan that for a future meeting This ldquoAstronomy in a Boxrdquo program provided to us by the Astronomical Societyrsquos Night Sky Network is a great resource

available to members who wish to give presentations to other organizations Most all of the material that you need to provide hands-on programs is included along with reference materials DVDs with suggested scripts etc We often use just small pieces at various outreach programs You can make it as long or short as you

need Discuss it with Linda anytimeOur guest speaker for Oct will be long time AOS friend John Pazmino

John has a wealth of astronomical and NYC info in his cranial library truly a font of details that most of us will never know Did you know that Venus our sister planet goes through cycles of visibility lasting approximately 8 years The last 2 ending in something spectacular but that wonrsquot happen again in our lifetimes Come and learn about how and when itrsquos best to view the super-hot clouded over phases of our solar system neighborFollowing the meeting we will participate in operating the Hofstra Observatory for the public weather permitting You would be amazed at the

Photo Jordan MansfieldG

etty

Celestial Observer October 2019

2 3

INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT

International Observe the Moon Night is a worldwide celebration of lunar science and exploration held annually since 2010 One day each year everyone on Earth is invited to observe and learn about the Moon together and to celebrate the cultural and personal connections we all have with our nearest neighborThis years International Observe the Moon Night is on October 5 when the Moon is in its first quarter phase A first quarter Moon is visible in the afternoon and evening a convenient time for most hosts and participants Furthermore the best lunar observing is typically along the duskdawn terminator where shadows are the longest rather than at full MoonThis years International Observe the Moon Night is particularly noteworthy as everyone celebrates the 50th anniversary of the first time humans walked on the Moon with Apollo 11 in 1969

MUSEUM OF THE MOONBart F is putting together a 1 day journey to the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia on Dec 7 Wonrsquot you join us Price to be determined will include entrance to the museum the Moon exhibit the planetarium for a special presentation by the director and the Barnes art museum Meals on your own Contact Bart directly if yoursquore interested oldscopegmailcom This will be a great club trip

SEPTEMBER MEETING SUMMARYAll meeting Minutes can be requested from the Secretary The Nature Center construction and

difference in the sky when yoursquore 4 stories above the streetlights Come to join the public or to operate a scope Please let me knowURGENT-To those who received awards including pins at the June meeting I may have given you the wrong pin Please verify that the pin you have matches the photo of the pin on the certificate Look carefully because we only have the correct number of pins for each type of certificate Please let me know so we can swap for the correct one if neededDonrsquot forget that we are planning a special trip to the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia on Dec 7 to see the Moon exhibit with private tours organized by Bart FKeep your eyes on the stars and your feet on the ground

mdashTheodore Roosevelt

OBSERVATORIESOur observatory in Southold at the Custer Institute is still going strong under the direction of Bill C keeping the many visitors enthralled with the views though our C-14 Open on most clear Sat nights Bill could use some help The status of our other facilities Jones Beach and Sagamore Hill are still in limbo We still have a few activities planned before year end see the calendar but beyond that is in question Please put on your thinking caps and open your eyes and ears to possible new locations Putting our 20rdquo into

storage away from the starlight it was built to see would be very disheartening Help us find a new home to use Contact any board member or put a note on the hotlineFollowing our Oct and Nov meetings and on Dec 8 weather permitting we will open the Hofstra observatory for Stars on Sunday public viewing Come join us as we help those of all ages enjoy the wonders of the night sky from the 4th floor of Berliner Hall We need 5 people Please contact Sue if you can help

Friends are like stars You dont always see them

but you know they are always there

2020 AOS CALENDARWe will once again pick member astrophotos and put them together with all the AOS and astro-events known at the time Prepaid orders only starting Sept 8 Suggested donation is $15 If you need it mailed it will be $3 extra Costs went up this year

CELEBRATE THE MOON DURING WORLD SPACE WEEK

OCT 4-10 2019Each year World Space Week (WSW) is celebrated globally Schools space agencies museums aerospace companies and other participants promote space and inspire students with unparalleled efficiency by synchronizing their events during this UN-declared celebration Visit here for more information

LONGEST TSE THIS CENTURYJust 8 years to go for this centurys longest total solar eclipse 64 minutes in Egypt Visit this link to read more

Celestial Observer October 2019

2 3 4

renovation is going slowly We donrsquot know when or if wersquoll be able to return We can use our permits on the listed dates in West End Field 2 with member card Events may cease next years at Sagamore Hill due to personnel and budget changes Review the calendar for optimal observing nights and find a place Sue suggested purchasing a NYS StarGazing permit which expires Dec 31 Restrooms will close probably after Columbus Day Tom L continues his highly successful Library Telescope program See calendar dates to assist Sue reviewed other outreach events needing volunteers Remember to use ladders and be safe Bart F is organizing the Franklin Institute trip to see the Moon art exhibit with other special activities on Dec 7 Holiday party date to be determined The AOS calendar is available (see elsewhere) DVD astronomy courses are available from Sue Check your local library for Kanopy streaming services which includes many astro items Sue thanked all who use Amazon Smile The AOS has received several donations based on purchases Sue reviewed upcoming astro events Put your name on a micro-chip being sent to Mars Name an exoplanet or the next Mars rover Craig S spoke on his total eclipse experience aboard chartered a B787 aircraft from Santiago Chile to Easter Island on July 2nd They chased 8 mins 25 sec of totality enjoying a long corona seen at 41000 ft A total of 6 AOSrsquoers were on board including Glenn S Joel M Dennis amp Toni B Robyn S Glenn holds Guiness World Record for most solar eclipses (35) Craig (33) and Joel (20) Nancy R saw Milky Way at Arcadia National Park John K saw discovery of a new dinosaur

bones and skin impressions in Montana Bart F did some lunar photography on a Manhattan rooftop and attended Dr Alan Sternrsquos talk as keynote speaker at the Stellafane convention on Aug 1-4 where he presented new data from both Pluto and Ultima-Thule for future New Horizons projects Dan H saw an 8rdquo Alvin Clark scope in his travel thru North Carolina Mike M observed at the Tupper Lake Club in Ft Ticonderoga Bob D visited the Hudson River Museum in Glenwood NY Wendy L also saw an 8rdquo Alvin C saw at Mt Holyoke MA Sue R amp Vito C in addition to attending the ALCON at Kennedy Center and doing the Bahama cruise in FL visited the Royal Observatory in Greenwich UK (while attending grandsonrsquos wedding there) took part in Space Camp and visited the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville AL Sue showed videos and photos of this trip Linda P along with family and Jessica L met at the Grand Canyon Star Party in June for 2 nights It was very dark with the Tucson astronomy club providing the telescopes saw M8 Lagoon Nebula Omega Centauri and a spiral galaxy called lsquoSilver Bulletrsquo on a 40rdquo Dob She also attended the August RAC SSP in Plainfield MA with Genie S

OBSERVERS HANDBOOKObservers Handbooks-this vital tome of yearly updated astronomical information is once again available at our discounted price of $23 shipped to your address Fill out the coupon and mail with your check as instructed wwwnyskiesorgohhtm

TELESCOPE GIVEAWAYTo celebrate their 40th anniversary Astronomics the sponsor of CloudyNightscom is giving away Three $599 Astro-Tech 102ED refractors Just click

here to read how to enter and best of luck

MIRA HAS SUDDENLY BRIGHTENED

Larry G

Each 11 month cycle of intrinsic variable star Mira has been different In just a few days Mira has gone from mag 52 to 42 as I saw it just minutes ago Its maximum brightness is scheduled to be at the end of October On very rare occasions Mira has reached 2nd mag rather than 35Will that happen this year See Miras rapid brightness climb at httpswwwaavsoorgLCGv2Put in the name Mira and change the start date to 2458700 for better viewing of recent observationsLots More on Mira at httpsenwikipediaorgwikiMiraI also checked out 73 mag asteroid Vesta which will brighten to 65 in a month and a half It will pass very close by 36 mag o Tauri (or 1 Tau) on the night of Nov 5ndash6 at its brightest so it will be both easy to find and easy to watch its motion

LAMONT-DOHERTY OPEN HOUSELamont-Doherty open house all day on October 5th Itrsquos free at the lab near Tappan NY with talks demos exhibits food service Us city folk will go by free shuttle busHerersquos the link httpsopenhouseldeocolumbiaedu The place is scattered in many buildings and the pathways between thm are clearly marked Lamont-Doherty does geophysics earthquake ice-age solar studies geology From the City we ride Lamont-Doherty shuttle buses leaving from Teachers College at Columbia Univeersity Buses run about half-hourly both ways starting at 930AM From Long Island like a SCIENCE-social day-trip for AOS itrsquos like going to NEAF Parking is free in Lamont-Dohertyrsquos carpark

Celestial Observer October 2019

3 4

Africa wroteThe Contribution of A W Robertsrsquo Observations to the AAVSO International Database by Tim Cooper Roberts was a Scottish born South African missionary science teacher and later a Senator in the Jan Smuts Government He observed around one hundred variable stars mainly during the period 1891ndash1912 from the Lovedale mission in the Eastern Cape Province In 2004 we succeeded in digitizing around 70000 of his visual observations which were added to the AAVSO International Database (AID) ensuring these are available for further study These observations many of which pre-date the existence of the AAVSO extend the period of observation of many variable stars by one or two decades earlier This paper summarizes the observations made by Roberts and added to the AID and gives examples of some apparent discrepancies which warrant further investigationRoberts and HCOrsquos Edward Pickering were in continuous contact over the years When Pickering died in 1919 Roberts all but ended his observations He also published about 100 articles Harlow Shapley arranged for the Roberts papers to be brought to Boyden observatory after Robertrsquos death in 1938 His Library was also donated to Boyden and we managed to find the Ross 35 inch telescope (1838) he used for most of his observations all on display in the Boyden museumKeith Snedegar Professor of history at Utah Valley University wrote a book on the life of Roberts ldquoMission Science and Race in South Africa A W Roberts of Lovedale 1883ndash1938rdquo It can be found atSee the 35 refractor photos on the AOS Members Photos page

A SUMMER WITHOUT SUNSPOTSCould northern summer 2019 go down in history as the summer without sunspots From June 21st until Sept 22nd the sun was blank more than 89 of the time During the entire season only 6 tiny sunspots briefly appeared often fading so quickly that readers would complain to Spaceweathercom youve labeled a sunspot that doesnt exist (No it just disappeared) Not a single significant solar flare was detected during this period of extreme quietThis is a sign that Solar Minimum is underway and probably near its deepest point For 2019 overall (January through September) the sun has been blank 72 of the time comparable to annual averages during the century-class Solar Minimum of 2008 (73) and 2009 (71) The current Solar Minimum appears to be century-class as well meaning you have to go back to the beginning of the 20th century to find lulls in solar activity this deepContrary to the sound of it Solar Minimum is not boring During this phase of the solar cycle the suns magnetic field weakens allowing cosmic rays to enter the solar system This doses astronauts and possibly air travelers with extra radiation The

sun also dims especially at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths causing the upper atmosphere to cool and collapse Space junk accumulates in Earth orbit as a result Finally streams of solar wind punch through the suns weakening magnetic field lashing Earth with gaseous material that

can cause geomagnetic storms (One such stream is due later this week on Sept 27-28)Interestingly the summer of 2019 also brought us a sign that Solar Minimum is coming to an end One of the numbered sunspots that briefly appeared on July 7th had a reversed magnetic polarityAccording to Hales Law sunspots switch polarities from one solar cycle to the next This small summertime sunspot was +- instead of the usual -+ marking it as a member of the next solar cycle Solar Cycle 25 Solar Minimum wont last foreverSolar cycles always mix together at their boundaries We can expect to see more new-cycle sunspots in the months ahead as Solar Cycle 24 dies out and Solar Cycle 25 slowly comes to life If forecasters are correct the next Solar Maximum will be in full swing by 2023

SCIENCE WITH LITTLE TELESCOPESBart F

In case you ever wondered if you can do science with little bitty telescopes heres what you can do with a 3 refractor My friend Dr Dawid Van Jaarsveldt at Boyden Observatory in South The sun on Sept 22 2019--as blank as a

billiard ball Credit NASASDO

Celestial Observer October 2019

5

Date Time Event Location

3 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

3 6ndash8 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

4 630 pm Wantagh Library Star Party Wantagh Public Library 3285 Park Ave Wantagh

NOVEMBER

Life on Earthhellip

Date Time Event Location

4 Sunset Observing Sagamore Hill Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

6 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

6 7ndash9 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

11 730 pmPublic program at Sagamore Hill Volunteers needed followed by members-only if scheduled

Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

17 7 pm Tom Lynchs Library Star Party Floral Park Public Library

20 7 pm Public Stargazing Clifton Park Sea Cliff

OCTOBER

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7

RECENT OUTREACHOn July 28 Bill B Bill C Jason C Gary and Sue C John D Mike D Chris H Lily J Carol K John K Chris K Phil K Mike K Nancy R Frank R Jean S Dave T and Gene Z moved our outreach and observing equipment and safely secured it in its new home at a storage facility This equipment was removed from our observatory at the Jones Beach Nature Center for safekeeping while renovations are being madeBill C treated over 100 people to views of Saturnrsquos Cassini division at the Susan Rose Observatory in Southold on Aug 31 and on Sept 6 he showed 35 people Hadley Rille the site of the Apollo 15 Moon landingOur public stargazing event at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site on Aug 30 was attended by more than 80 people Volunteers Steve B Bill B Vito C Bill C Gary and Sue C Jason C John K Joe M Linda P Nancy R Sue R Frank R George S Joe S Genie S Avi W and Gene Z were there to operate telescopes and converse with the publicTom L had a very successful stargazing event for the library patrons in Wantagh on Sept 9 Assisting him was Steve B 38 people saw the Moon Jupiter and SaturnAbout 20 Girl Scouts as well as many families attended Baldwinrsquos Astronomy in the Garden at the Baldwin Community Garden on Sept 13 Working with the public were Jason C Bill C John K Tom L Linda P Sue R George and Verna S and Genie S

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY ASTRONOMYPHYSICS OPEN NIGHTS

Astronomy Open Night Friday October 4 2019ESS 001 730PMldquoAn update on NASAs Juno mission to Jupiterrdquo presented by Alan CalderNASAs Juno spacecraft was launched on August 5 2011 and arrived at Jupiter on July 4 2016 Named after the cloud piercing wife of Jupiter its mission is to investigate the atmosphere of Jupiter to measure the composition particularly the amount of water and to observe Jupiters magnetic and gravitational fields I will discuss the layout of the solar system and what we know about Jupiter theories of planet formation questions the Juno mission strives to answer and the latest results from JunoFor more information httpwwwastrosunysbeduopenightopennitehtml

MONTAUK OBSERVATORYSaturday October 3 2019 100ndash300 PMSolar Observing at Guild Halls Sunny DaysAn afternoon of fun free family-friendly sun-related activities including workshops music art and safe solar observing through a telescope with NASA Solar System Ambassador and Montauk Observatorys Senior Educator William Francis TaylorLocation Guild Hall 158 Main Street East Hampton NYFor more information httpswwwguildhallorgeventssunny-days-family-celebration

COLUMBIA ASTRONOMY PUBLIC OUTREACHFriday October 4th at 800 PMldquoUndead Worlds Planets around White Dwarf Starsrdquo presented by Jorge CortesCome learn about these weird and wonderful worlds Please check our website on Friday at noon the day of the event to see if the weather will allow us to observe Please note the Big Dome on the roof may be inaccessible due to ongoing repairs and upgrades but we will observe if clear using portable telescopesLecture 800-845 PM ObservingQuestions 845-930 PMThe lecture will be in Pupin 301 (our normal venue) Signs will be posted to direct you Detailed directions to the event can be found here httpoutreachastrocolumbiaedudirections All of our events are free and open to all ages Stay as long as you want If observing on the roof please bring warmer clothing as the roof can be cold and windy

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 2: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

2 3

INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT

International Observe the Moon Night is a worldwide celebration of lunar science and exploration held annually since 2010 One day each year everyone on Earth is invited to observe and learn about the Moon together and to celebrate the cultural and personal connections we all have with our nearest neighborThis years International Observe the Moon Night is on October 5 when the Moon is in its first quarter phase A first quarter Moon is visible in the afternoon and evening a convenient time for most hosts and participants Furthermore the best lunar observing is typically along the duskdawn terminator where shadows are the longest rather than at full MoonThis years International Observe the Moon Night is particularly noteworthy as everyone celebrates the 50th anniversary of the first time humans walked on the Moon with Apollo 11 in 1969

MUSEUM OF THE MOONBart F is putting together a 1 day journey to the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia on Dec 7 Wonrsquot you join us Price to be determined will include entrance to the museum the Moon exhibit the planetarium for a special presentation by the director and the Barnes art museum Meals on your own Contact Bart directly if yoursquore interested oldscopegmailcom This will be a great club trip

SEPTEMBER MEETING SUMMARYAll meeting Minutes can be requested from the Secretary The Nature Center construction and

difference in the sky when yoursquore 4 stories above the streetlights Come to join the public or to operate a scope Please let me knowURGENT-To those who received awards including pins at the June meeting I may have given you the wrong pin Please verify that the pin you have matches the photo of the pin on the certificate Look carefully because we only have the correct number of pins for each type of certificate Please let me know so we can swap for the correct one if neededDonrsquot forget that we are planning a special trip to the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia on Dec 7 to see the Moon exhibit with private tours organized by Bart FKeep your eyes on the stars and your feet on the ground

mdashTheodore Roosevelt

OBSERVATORIESOur observatory in Southold at the Custer Institute is still going strong under the direction of Bill C keeping the many visitors enthralled with the views though our C-14 Open on most clear Sat nights Bill could use some help The status of our other facilities Jones Beach and Sagamore Hill are still in limbo We still have a few activities planned before year end see the calendar but beyond that is in question Please put on your thinking caps and open your eyes and ears to possible new locations Putting our 20rdquo into

storage away from the starlight it was built to see would be very disheartening Help us find a new home to use Contact any board member or put a note on the hotlineFollowing our Oct and Nov meetings and on Dec 8 weather permitting we will open the Hofstra observatory for Stars on Sunday public viewing Come join us as we help those of all ages enjoy the wonders of the night sky from the 4th floor of Berliner Hall We need 5 people Please contact Sue if you can help

Friends are like stars You dont always see them

but you know they are always there

2020 AOS CALENDARWe will once again pick member astrophotos and put them together with all the AOS and astro-events known at the time Prepaid orders only starting Sept 8 Suggested donation is $15 If you need it mailed it will be $3 extra Costs went up this year

CELEBRATE THE MOON DURING WORLD SPACE WEEK

OCT 4-10 2019Each year World Space Week (WSW) is celebrated globally Schools space agencies museums aerospace companies and other participants promote space and inspire students with unparalleled efficiency by synchronizing their events during this UN-declared celebration Visit here for more information

LONGEST TSE THIS CENTURYJust 8 years to go for this centurys longest total solar eclipse 64 minutes in Egypt Visit this link to read more

Celestial Observer October 2019

2 3 4

renovation is going slowly We donrsquot know when or if wersquoll be able to return We can use our permits on the listed dates in West End Field 2 with member card Events may cease next years at Sagamore Hill due to personnel and budget changes Review the calendar for optimal observing nights and find a place Sue suggested purchasing a NYS StarGazing permit which expires Dec 31 Restrooms will close probably after Columbus Day Tom L continues his highly successful Library Telescope program See calendar dates to assist Sue reviewed other outreach events needing volunteers Remember to use ladders and be safe Bart F is organizing the Franklin Institute trip to see the Moon art exhibit with other special activities on Dec 7 Holiday party date to be determined The AOS calendar is available (see elsewhere) DVD astronomy courses are available from Sue Check your local library for Kanopy streaming services which includes many astro items Sue thanked all who use Amazon Smile The AOS has received several donations based on purchases Sue reviewed upcoming astro events Put your name on a micro-chip being sent to Mars Name an exoplanet or the next Mars rover Craig S spoke on his total eclipse experience aboard chartered a B787 aircraft from Santiago Chile to Easter Island on July 2nd They chased 8 mins 25 sec of totality enjoying a long corona seen at 41000 ft A total of 6 AOSrsquoers were on board including Glenn S Joel M Dennis amp Toni B Robyn S Glenn holds Guiness World Record for most solar eclipses (35) Craig (33) and Joel (20) Nancy R saw Milky Way at Arcadia National Park John K saw discovery of a new dinosaur

bones and skin impressions in Montana Bart F did some lunar photography on a Manhattan rooftop and attended Dr Alan Sternrsquos talk as keynote speaker at the Stellafane convention on Aug 1-4 where he presented new data from both Pluto and Ultima-Thule for future New Horizons projects Dan H saw an 8rdquo Alvin Clark scope in his travel thru North Carolina Mike M observed at the Tupper Lake Club in Ft Ticonderoga Bob D visited the Hudson River Museum in Glenwood NY Wendy L also saw an 8rdquo Alvin C saw at Mt Holyoke MA Sue R amp Vito C in addition to attending the ALCON at Kennedy Center and doing the Bahama cruise in FL visited the Royal Observatory in Greenwich UK (while attending grandsonrsquos wedding there) took part in Space Camp and visited the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville AL Sue showed videos and photos of this trip Linda P along with family and Jessica L met at the Grand Canyon Star Party in June for 2 nights It was very dark with the Tucson astronomy club providing the telescopes saw M8 Lagoon Nebula Omega Centauri and a spiral galaxy called lsquoSilver Bulletrsquo on a 40rdquo Dob She also attended the August RAC SSP in Plainfield MA with Genie S

OBSERVERS HANDBOOKObservers Handbooks-this vital tome of yearly updated astronomical information is once again available at our discounted price of $23 shipped to your address Fill out the coupon and mail with your check as instructed wwwnyskiesorgohhtm

TELESCOPE GIVEAWAYTo celebrate their 40th anniversary Astronomics the sponsor of CloudyNightscom is giving away Three $599 Astro-Tech 102ED refractors Just click

here to read how to enter and best of luck

MIRA HAS SUDDENLY BRIGHTENED

Larry G

Each 11 month cycle of intrinsic variable star Mira has been different In just a few days Mira has gone from mag 52 to 42 as I saw it just minutes ago Its maximum brightness is scheduled to be at the end of October On very rare occasions Mira has reached 2nd mag rather than 35Will that happen this year See Miras rapid brightness climb at httpswwwaavsoorgLCGv2Put in the name Mira and change the start date to 2458700 for better viewing of recent observationsLots More on Mira at httpsenwikipediaorgwikiMiraI also checked out 73 mag asteroid Vesta which will brighten to 65 in a month and a half It will pass very close by 36 mag o Tauri (or 1 Tau) on the night of Nov 5ndash6 at its brightest so it will be both easy to find and easy to watch its motion

LAMONT-DOHERTY OPEN HOUSELamont-Doherty open house all day on October 5th Itrsquos free at the lab near Tappan NY with talks demos exhibits food service Us city folk will go by free shuttle busHerersquos the link httpsopenhouseldeocolumbiaedu The place is scattered in many buildings and the pathways between thm are clearly marked Lamont-Doherty does geophysics earthquake ice-age solar studies geology From the City we ride Lamont-Doherty shuttle buses leaving from Teachers College at Columbia Univeersity Buses run about half-hourly both ways starting at 930AM From Long Island like a SCIENCE-social day-trip for AOS itrsquos like going to NEAF Parking is free in Lamont-Dohertyrsquos carpark

Celestial Observer October 2019

3 4

Africa wroteThe Contribution of A W Robertsrsquo Observations to the AAVSO International Database by Tim Cooper Roberts was a Scottish born South African missionary science teacher and later a Senator in the Jan Smuts Government He observed around one hundred variable stars mainly during the period 1891ndash1912 from the Lovedale mission in the Eastern Cape Province In 2004 we succeeded in digitizing around 70000 of his visual observations which were added to the AAVSO International Database (AID) ensuring these are available for further study These observations many of which pre-date the existence of the AAVSO extend the period of observation of many variable stars by one or two decades earlier This paper summarizes the observations made by Roberts and added to the AID and gives examples of some apparent discrepancies which warrant further investigationRoberts and HCOrsquos Edward Pickering were in continuous contact over the years When Pickering died in 1919 Roberts all but ended his observations He also published about 100 articles Harlow Shapley arranged for the Roberts papers to be brought to Boyden observatory after Robertrsquos death in 1938 His Library was also donated to Boyden and we managed to find the Ross 35 inch telescope (1838) he used for most of his observations all on display in the Boyden museumKeith Snedegar Professor of history at Utah Valley University wrote a book on the life of Roberts ldquoMission Science and Race in South Africa A W Roberts of Lovedale 1883ndash1938rdquo It can be found atSee the 35 refractor photos on the AOS Members Photos page

A SUMMER WITHOUT SUNSPOTSCould northern summer 2019 go down in history as the summer without sunspots From June 21st until Sept 22nd the sun was blank more than 89 of the time During the entire season only 6 tiny sunspots briefly appeared often fading so quickly that readers would complain to Spaceweathercom youve labeled a sunspot that doesnt exist (No it just disappeared) Not a single significant solar flare was detected during this period of extreme quietThis is a sign that Solar Minimum is underway and probably near its deepest point For 2019 overall (January through September) the sun has been blank 72 of the time comparable to annual averages during the century-class Solar Minimum of 2008 (73) and 2009 (71) The current Solar Minimum appears to be century-class as well meaning you have to go back to the beginning of the 20th century to find lulls in solar activity this deepContrary to the sound of it Solar Minimum is not boring During this phase of the solar cycle the suns magnetic field weakens allowing cosmic rays to enter the solar system This doses astronauts and possibly air travelers with extra radiation The

sun also dims especially at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths causing the upper atmosphere to cool and collapse Space junk accumulates in Earth orbit as a result Finally streams of solar wind punch through the suns weakening magnetic field lashing Earth with gaseous material that

can cause geomagnetic storms (One such stream is due later this week on Sept 27-28)Interestingly the summer of 2019 also brought us a sign that Solar Minimum is coming to an end One of the numbered sunspots that briefly appeared on July 7th had a reversed magnetic polarityAccording to Hales Law sunspots switch polarities from one solar cycle to the next This small summertime sunspot was +- instead of the usual -+ marking it as a member of the next solar cycle Solar Cycle 25 Solar Minimum wont last foreverSolar cycles always mix together at their boundaries We can expect to see more new-cycle sunspots in the months ahead as Solar Cycle 24 dies out and Solar Cycle 25 slowly comes to life If forecasters are correct the next Solar Maximum will be in full swing by 2023

SCIENCE WITH LITTLE TELESCOPESBart F

In case you ever wondered if you can do science with little bitty telescopes heres what you can do with a 3 refractor My friend Dr Dawid Van Jaarsveldt at Boyden Observatory in South The sun on Sept 22 2019--as blank as a

billiard ball Credit NASASDO

Celestial Observer October 2019

5

Date Time Event Location

3 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

3 6ndash8 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

4 630 pm Wantagh Library Star Party Wantagh Public Library 3285 Park Ave Wantagh

NOVEMBER

Life on Earthhellip

Date Time Event Location

4 Sunset Observing Sagamore Hill Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

6 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

6 7ndash9 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

11 730 pmPublic program at Sagamore Hill Volunteers needed followed by members-only if scheduled

Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

17 7 pm Tom Lynchs Library Star Party Floral Park Public Library

20 7 pm Public Stargazing Clifton Park Sea Cliff

OCTOBER

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7

RECENT OUTREACHOn July 28 Bill B Bill C Jason C Gary and Sue C John D Mike D Chris H Lily J Carol K John K Chris K Phil K Mike K Nancy R Frank R Jean S Dave T and Gene Z moved our outreach and observing equipment and safely secured it in its new home at a storage facility This equipment was removed from our observatory at the Jones Beach Nature Center for safekeeping while renovations are being madeBill C treated over 100 people to views of Saturnrsquos Cassini division at the Susan Rose Observatory in Southold on Aug 31 and on Sept 6 he showed 35 people Hadley Rille the site of the Apollo 15 Moon landingOur public stargazing event at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site on Aug 30 was attended by more than 80 people Volunteers Steve B Bill B Vito C Bill C Gary and Sue C Jason C John K Joe M Linda P Nancy R Sue R Frank R George S Joe S Genie S Avi W and Gene Z were there to operate telescopes and converse with the publicTom L had a very successful stargazing event for the library patrons in Wantagh on Sept 9 Assisting him was Steve B 38 people saw the Moon Jupiter and SaturnAbout 20 Girl Scouts as well as many families attended Baldwinrsquos Astronomy in the Garden at the Baldwin Community Garden on Sept 13 Working with the public were Jason C Bill C John K Tom L Linda P Sue R George and Verna S and Genie S

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY ASTRONOMYPHYSICS OPEN NIGHTS

Astronomy Open Night Friday October 4 2019ESS 001 730PMldquoAn update on NASAs Juno mission to Jupiterrdquo presented by Alan CalderNASAs Juno spacecraft was launched on August 5 2011 and arrived at Jupiter on July 4 2016 Named after the cloud piercing wife of Jupiter its mission is to investigate the atmosphere of Jupiter to measure the composition particularly the amount of water and to observe Jupiters magnetic and gravitational fields I will discuss the layout of the solar system and what we know about Jupiter theories of planet formation questions the Juno mission strives to answer and the latest results from JunoFor more information httpwwwastrosunysbeduopenightopennitehtml

MONTAUK OBSERVATORYSaturday October 3 2019 100ndash300 PMSolar Observing at Guild Halls Sunny DaysAn afternoon of fun free family-friendly sun-related activities including workshops music art and safe solar observing through a telescope with NASA Solar System Ambassador and Montauk Observatorys Senior Educator William Francis TaylorLocation Guild Hall 158 Main Street East Hampton NYFor more information httpswwwguildhallorgeventssunny-days-family-celebration

COLUMBIA ASTRONOMY PUBLIC OUTREACHFriday October 4th at 800 PMldquoUndead Worlds Planets around White Dwarf Starsrdquo presented by Jorge CortesCome learn about these weird and wonderful worlds Please check our website on Friday at noon the day of the event to see if the weather will allow us to observe Please note the Big Dome on the roof may be inaccessible due to ongoing repairs and upgrades but we will observe if clear using portable telescopesLecture 800-845 PM ObservingQuestions 845-930 PMThe lecture will be in Pupin 301 (our normal venue) Signs will be posted to direct you Detailed directions to the event can be found here httpoutreachastrocolumbiaedudirections All of our events are free and open to all ages Stay as long as you want If observing on the roof please bring warmer clothing as the roof can be cold and windy

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 3: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

2 3 4

renovation is going slowly We donrsquot know when or if wersquoll be able to return We can use our permits on the listed dates in West End Field 2 with member card Events may cease next years at Sagamore Hill due to personnel and budget changes Review the calendar for optimal observing nights and find a place Sue suggested purchasing a NYS StarGazing permit which expires Dec 31 Restrooms will close probably after Columbus Day Tom L continues his highly successful Library Telescope program See calendar dates to assist Sue reviewed other outreach events needing volunteers Remember to use ladders and be safe Bart F is organizing the Franklin Institute trip to see the Moon art exhibit with other special activities on Dec 7 Holiday party date to be determined The AOS calendar is available (see elsewhere) DVD astronomy courses are available from Sue Check your local library for Kanopy streaming services which includes many astro items Sue thanked all who use Amazon Smile The AOS has received several donations based on purchases Sue reviewed upcoming astro events Put your name on a micro-chip being sent to Mars Name an exoplanet or the next Mars rover Craig S spoke on his total eclipse experience aboard chartered a B787 aircraft from Santiago Chile to Easter Island on July 2nd They chased 8 mins 25 sec of totality enjoying a long corona seen at 41000 ft A total of 6 AOSrsquoers were on board including Glenn S Joel M Dennis amp Toni B Robyn S Glenn holds Guiness World Record for most solar eclipses (35) Craig (33) and Joel (20) Nancy R saw Milky Way at Arcadia National Park John K saw discovery of a new dinosaur

bones and skin impressions in Montana Bart F did some lunar photography on a Manhattan rooftop and attended Dr Alan Sternrsquos talk as keynote speaker at the Stellafane convention on Aug 1-4 where he presented new data from both Pluto and Ultima-Thule for future New Horizons projects Dan H saw an 8rdquo Alvin Clark scope in his travel thru North Carolina Mike M observed at the Tupper Lake Club in Ft Ticonderoga Bob D visited the Hudson River Museum in Glenwood NY Wendy L also saw an 8rdquo Alvin C saw at Mt Holyoke MA Sue R amp Vito C in addition to attending the ALCON at Kennedy Center and doing the Bahama cruise in FL visited the Royal Observatory in Greenwich UK (while attending grandsonrsquos wedding there) took part in Space Camp and visited the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville AL Sue showed videos and photos of this trip Linda P along with family and Jessica L met at the Grand Canyon Star Party in June for 2 nights It was very dark with the Tucson astronomy club providing the telescopes saw M8 Lagoon Nebula Omega Centauri and a spiral galaxy called lsquoSilver Bulletrsquo on a 40rdquo Dob She also attended the August RAC SSP in Plainfield MA with Genie S

OBSERVERS HANDBOOKObservers Handbooks-this vital tome of yearly updated astronomical information is once again available at our discounted price of $23 shipped to your address Fill out the coupon and mail with your check as instructed wwwnyskiesorgohhtm

TELESCOPE GIVEAWAYTo celebrate their 40th anniversary Astronomics the sponsor of CloudyNightscom is giving away Three $599 Astro-Tech 102ED refractors Just click

here to read how to enter and best of luck

MIRA HAS SUDDENLY BRIGHTENED

Larry G

Each 11 month cycle of intrinsic variable star Mira has been different In just a few days Mira has gone from mag 52 to 42 as I saw it just minutes ago Its maximum brightness is scheduled to be at the end of October On very rare occasions Mira has reached 2nd mag rather than 35Will that happen this year See Miras rapid brightness climb at httpswwwaavsoorgLCGv2Put in the name Mira and change the start date to 2458700 for better viewing of recent observationsLots More on Mira at httpsenwikipediaorgwikiMiraI also checked out 73 mag asteroid Vesta which will brighten to 65 in a month and a half It will pass very close by 36 mag o Tauri (or 1 Tau) on the night of Nov 5ndash6 at its brightest so it will be both easy to find and easy to watch its motion

LAMONT-DOHERTY OPEN HOUSELamont-Doherty open house all day on October 5th Itrsquos free at the lab near Tappan NY with talks demos exhibits food service Us city folk will go by free shuttle busHerersquos the link httpsopenhouseldeocolumbiaedu The place is scattered in many buildings and the pathways between thm are clearly marked Lamont-Doherty does geophysics earthquake ice-age solar studies geology From the City we ride Lamont-Doherty shuttle buses leaving from Teachers College at Columbia Univeersity Buses run about half-hourly both ways starting at 930AM From Long Island like a SCIENCE-social day-trip for AOS itrsquos like going to NEAF Parking is free in Lamont-Dohertyrsquos carpark

Celestial Observer October 2019

3 4

Africa wroteThe Contribution of A W Robertsrsquo Observations to the AAVSO International Database by Tim Cooper Roberts was a Scottish born South African missionary science teacher and later a Senator in the Jan Smuts Government He observed around one hundred variable stars mainly during the period 1891ndash1912 from the Lovedale mission in the Eastern Cape Province In 2004 we succeeded in digitizing around 70000 of his visual observations which were added to the AAVSO International Database (AID) ensuring these are available for further study These observations many of which pre-date the existence of the AAVSO extend the period of observation of many variable stars by one or two decades earlier This paper summarizes the observations made by Roberts and added to the AID and gives examples of some apparent discrepancies which warrant further investigationRoberts and HCOrsquos Edward Pickering were in continuous contact over the years When Pickering died in 1919 Roberts all but ended his observations He also published about 100 articles Harlow Shapley arranged for the Roberts papers to be brought to Boyden observatory after Robertrsquos death in 1938 His Library was also donated to Boyden and we managed to find the Ross 35 inch telescope (1838) he used for most of his observations all on display in the Boyden museumKeith Snedegar Professor of history at Utah Valley University wrote a book on the life of Roberts ldquoMission Science and Race in South Africa A W Roberts of Lovedale 1883ndash1938rdquo It can be found atSee the 35 refractor photos on the AOS Members Photos page

A SUMMER WITHOUT SUNSPOTSCould northern summer 2019 go down in history as the summer without sunspots From June 21st until Sept 22nd the sun was blank more than 89 of the time During the entire season only 6 tiny sunspots briefly appeared often fading so quickly that readers would complain to Spaceweathercom youve labeled a sunspot that doesnt exist (No it just disappeared) Not a single significant solar flare was detected during this period of extreme quietThis is a sign that Solar Minimum is underway and probably near its deepest point For 2019 overall (January through September) the sun has been blank 72 of the time comparable to annual averages during the century-class Solar Minimum of 2008 (73) and 2009 (71) The current Solar Minimum appears to be century-class as well meaning you have to go back to the beginning of the 20th century to find lulls in solar activity this deepContrary to the sound of it Solar Minimum is not boring During this phase of the solar cycle the suns magnetic field weakens allowing cosmic rays to enter the solar system This doses astronauts and possibly air travelers with extra radiation The

sun also dims especially at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths causing the upper atmosphere to cool and collapse Space junk accumulates in Earth orbit as a result Finally streams of solar wind punch through the suns weakening magnetic field lashing Earth with gaseous material that

can cause geomagnetic storms (One such stream is due later this week on Sept 27-28)Interestingly the summer of 2019 also brought us a sign that Solar Minimum is coming to an end One of the numbered sunspots that briefly appeared on July 7th had a reversed magnetic polarityAccording to Hales Law sunspots switch polarities from one solar cycle to the next This small summertime sunspot was +- instead of the usual -+ marking it as a member of the next solar cycle Solar Cycle 25 Solar Minimum wont last foreverSolar cycles always mix together at their boundaries We can expect to see more new-cycle sunspots in the months ahead as Solar Cycle 24 dies out and Solar Cycle 25 slowly comes to life If forecasters are correct the next Solar Maximum will be in full swing by 2023

SCIENCE WITH LITTLE TELESCOPESBart F

In case you ever wondered if you can do science with little bitty telescopes heres what you can do with a 3 refractor My friend Dr Dawid Van Jaarsveldt at Boyden Observatory in South The sun on Sept 22 2019--as blank as a

billiard ball Credit NASASDO

Celestial Observer October 2019

5

Date Time Event Location

3 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

3 6ndash8 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

4 630 pm Wantagh Library Star Party Wantagh Public Library 3285 Park Ave Wantagh

NOVEMBER

Life on Earthhellip

Date Time Event Location

4 Sunset Observing Sagamore Hill Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

6 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

6 7ndash9 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

11 730 pmPublic program at Sagamore Hill Volunteers needed followed by members-only if scheduled

Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

17 7 pm Tom Lynchs Library Star Party Floral Park Public Library

20 7 pm Public Stargazing Clifton Park Sea Cliff

OCTOBER

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7

RECENT OUTREACHOn July 28 Bill B Bill C Jason C Gary and Sue C John D Mike D Chris H Lily J Carol K John K Chris K Phil K Mike K Nancy R Frank R Jean S Dave T and Gene Z moved our outreach and observing equipment and safely secured it in its new home at a storage facility This equipment was removed from our observatory at the Jones Beach Nature Center for safekeeping while renovations are being madeBill C treated over 100 people to views of Saturnrsquos Cassini division at the Susan Rose Observatory in Southold on Aug 31 and on Sept 6 he showed 35 people Hadley Rille the site of the Apollo 15 Moon landingOur public stargazing event at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site on Aug 30 was attended by more than 80 people Volunteers Steve B Bill B Vito C Bill C Gary and Sue C Jason C John K Joe M Linda P Nancy R Sue R Frank R George S Joe S Genie S Avi W and Gene Z were there to operate telescopes and converse with the publicTom L had a very successful stargazing event for the library patrons in Wantagh on Sept 9 Assisting him was Steve B 38 people saw the Moon Jupiter and SaturnAbout 20 Girl Scouts as well as many families attended Baldwinrsquos Astronomy in the Garden at the Baldwin Community Garden on Sept 13 Working with the public were Jason C Bill C John K Tom L Linda P Sue R George and Verna S and Genie S

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY ASTRONOMYPHYSICS OPEN NIGHTS

Astronomy Open Night Friday October 4 2019ESS 001 730PMldquoAn update on NASAs Juno mission to Jupiterrdquo presented by Alan CalderNASAs Juno spacecraft was launched on August 5 2011 and arrived at Jupiter on July 4 2016 Named after the cloud piercing wife of Jupiter its mission is to investigate the atmosphere of Jupiter to measure the composition particularly the amount of water and to observe Jupiters magnetic and gravitational fields I will discuss the layout of the solar system and what we know about Jupiter theories of planet formation questions the Juno mission strives to answer and the latest results from JunoFor more information httpwwwastrosunysbeduopenightopennitehtml

MONTAUK OBSERVATORYSaturday October 3 2019 100ndash300 PMSolar Observing at Guild Halls Sunny DaysAn afternoon of fun free family-friendly sun-related activities including workshops music art and safe solar observing through a telescope with NASA Solar System Ambassador and Montauk Observatorys Senior Educator William Francis TaylorLocation Guild Hall 158 Main Street East Hampton NYFor more information httpswwwguildhallorgeventssunny-days-family-celebration

COLUMBIA ASTRONOMY PUBLIC OUTREACHFriday October 4th at 800 PMldquoUndead Worlds Planets around White Dwarf Starsrdquo presented by Jorge CortesCome learn about these weird and wonderful worlds Please check our website on Friday at noon the day of the event to see if the weather will allow us to observe Please note the Big Dome on the roof may be inaccessible due to ongoing repairs and upgrades but we will observe if clear using portable telescopesLecture 800-845 PM ObservingQuestions 845-930 PMThe lecture will be in Pupin 301 (our normal venue) Signs will be posted to direct you Detailed directions to the event can be found here httpoutreachastrocolumbiaedudirections All of our events are free and open to all ages Stay as long as you want If observing on the roof please bring warmer clothing as the roof can be cold and windy

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 4: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

3 4

Africa wroteThe Contribution of A W Robertsrsquo Observations to the AAVSO International Database by Tim Cooper Roberts was a Scottish born South African missionary science teacher and later a Senator in the Jan Smuts Government He observed around one hundred variable stars mainly during the period 1891ndash1912 from the Lovedale mission in the Eastern Cape Province In 2004 we succeeded in digitizing around 70000 of his visual observations which were added to the AAVSO International Database (AID) ensuring these are available for further study These observations many of which pre-date the existence of the AAVSO extend the period of observation of many variable stars by one or two decades earlier This paper summarizes the observations made by Roberts and added to the AID and gives examples of some apparent discrepancies which warrant further investigationRoberts and HCOrsquos Edward Pickering were in continuous contact over the years When Pickering died in 1919 Roberts all but ended his observations He also published about 100 articles Harlow Shapley arranged for the Roberts papers to be brought to Boyden observatory after Robertrsquos death in 1938 His Library was also donated to Boyden and we managed to find the Ross 35 inch telescope (1838) he used for most of his observations all on display in the Boyden museumKeith Snedegar Professor of history at Utah Valley University wrote a book on the life of Roberts ldquoMission Science and Race in South Africa A W Roberts of Lovedale 1883ndash1938rdquo It can be found atSee the 35 refractor photos on the AOS Members Photos page

A SUMMER WITHOUT SUNSPOTSCould northern summer 2019 go down in history as the summer without sunspots From June 21st until Sept 22nd the sun was blank more than 89 of the time During the entire season only 6 tiny sunspots briefly appeared often fading so quickly that readers would complain to Spaceweathercom youve labeled a sunspot that doesnt exist (No it just disappeared) Not a single significant solar flare was detected during this period of extreme quietThis is a sign that Solar Minimum is underway and probably near its deepest point For 2019 overall (January through September) the sun has been blank 72 of the time comparable to annual averages during the century-class Solar Minimum of 2008 (73) and 2009 (71) The current Solar Minimum appears to be century-class as well meaning you have to go back to the beginning of the 20th century to find lulls in solar activity this deepContrary to the sound of it Solar Minimum is not boring During this phase of the solar cycle the suns magnetic field weakens allowing cosmic rays to enter the solar system This doses astronauts and possibly air travelers with extra radiation The

sun also dims especially at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths causing the upper atmosphere to cool and collapse Space junk accumulates in Earth orbit as a result Finally streams of solar wind punch through the suns weakening magnetic field lashing Earth with gaseous material that

can cause geomagnetic storms (One such stream is due later this week on Sept 27-28)Interestingly the summer of 2019 also brought us a sign that Solar Minimum is coming to an end One of the numbered sunspots that briefly appeared on July 7th had a reversed magnetic polarityAccording to Hales Law sunspots switch polarities from one solar cycle to the next This small summertime sunspot was +- instead of the usual -+ marking it as a member of the next solar cycle Solar Cycle 25 Solar Minimum wont last foreverSolar cycles always mix together at their boundaries We can expect to see more new-cycle sunspots in the months ahead as Solar Cycle 24 dies out and Solar Cycle 25 slowly comes to life If forecasters are correct the next Solar Maximum will be in full swing by 2023

SCIENCE WITH LITTLE TELESCOPESBart F

In case you ever wondered if you can do science with little bitty telescopes heres what you can do with a 3 refractor My friend Dr Dawid Van Jaarsveldt at Boyden Observatory in South The sun on Sept 22 2019--as blank as a

billiard ball Credit NASASDO

Celestial Observer October 2019

5

Date Time Event Location

3 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

3 6ndash8 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

4 630 pm Wantagh Library Star Party Wantagh Public Library 3285 Park Ave Wantagh

NOVEMBER

Life on Earthhellip

Date Time Event Location

4 Sunset Observing Sagamore Hill Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

6 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

6 7ndash9 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

11 730 pmPublic program at Sagamore Hill Volunteers needed followed by members-only if scheduled

Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

17 7 pm Tom Lynchs Library Star Party Floral Park Public Library

20 7 pm Public Stargazing Clifton Park Sea Cliff

OCTOBER

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7

RECENT OUTREACHOn July 28 Bill B Bill C Jason C Gary and Sue C John D Mike D Chris H Lily J Carol K John K Chris K Phil K Mike K Nancy R Frank R Jean S Dave T and Gene Z moved our outreach and observing equipment and safely secured it in its new home at a storage facility This equipment was removed from our observatory at the Jones Beach Nature Center for safekeeping while renovations are being madeBill C treated over 100 people to views of Saturnrsquos Cassini division at the Susan Rose Observatory in Southold on Aug 31 and on Sept 6 he showed 35 people Hadley Rille the site of the Apollo 15 Moon landingOur public stargazing event at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site on Aug 30 was attended by more than 80 people Volunteers Steve B Bill B Vito C Bill C Gary and Sue C Jason C John K Joe M Linda P Nancy R Sue R Frank R George S Joe S Genie S Avi W and Gene Z were there to operate telescopes and converse with the publicTom L had a very successful stargazing event for the library patrons in Wantagh on Sept 9 Assisting him was Steve B 38 people saw the Moon Jupiter and SaturnAbout 20 Girl Scouts as well as many families attended Baldwinrsquos Astronomy in the Garden at the Baldwin Community Garden on Sept 13 Working with the public were Jason C Bill C John K Tom L Linda P Sue R George and Verna S and Genie S

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY ASTRONOMYPHYSICS OPEN NIGHTS

Astronomy Open Night Friday October 4 2019ESS 001 730PMldquoAn update on NASAs Juno mission to Jupiterrdquo presented by Alan CalderNASAs Juno spacecraft was launched on August 5 2011 and arrived at Jupiter on July 4 2016 Named after the cloud piercing wife of Jupiter its mission is to investigate the atmosphere of Jupiter to measure the composition particularly the amount of water and to observe Jupiters magnetic and gravitational fields I will discuss the layout of the solar system and what we know about Jupiter theories of planet formation questions the Juno mission strives to answer and the latest results from JunoFor more information httpwwwastrosunysbeduopenightopennitehtml

MONTAUK OBSERVATORYSaturday October 3 2019 100ndash300 PMSolar Observing at Guild Halls Sunny DaysAn afternoon of fun free family-friendly sun-related activities including workshops music art and safe solar observing through a telescope with NASA Solar System Ambassador and Montauk Observatorys Senior Educator William Francis TaylorLocation Guild Hall 158 Main Street East Hampton NYFor more information httpswwwguildhallorgeventssunny-days-family-celebration

COLUMBIA ASTRONOMY PUBLIC OUTREACHFriday October 4th at 800 PMldquoUndead Worlds Planets around White Dwarf Starsrdquo presented by Jorge CortesCome learn about these weird and wonderful worlds Please check our website on Friday at noon the day of the event to see if the weather will allow us to observe Please note the Big Dome on the roof may be inaccessible due to ongoing repairs and upgrades but we will observe if clear using portable telescopesLecture 800-845 PM ObservingQuestions 845-930 PMThe lecture will be in Pupin 301 (our normal venue) Signs will be posted to direct you Detailed directions to the event can be found here httpoutreachastrocolumbiaedudirections All of our events are free and open to all ages Stay as long as you want If observing on the roof please bring warmer clothing as the roof can be cold and windy

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 5: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

5

Date Time Event Location

3 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

3 6ndash8 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

4 630 pm Wantagh Library Star Party Wantagh Public Library 3285 Park Ave Wantagh

NOVEMBER

Life on Earthhellip

Date Time Event Location

4 Sunset Observing Sagamore Hill Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

6 115 pm Club Meeting Room 117 Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

6 7ndash9 pm Stars on Sunday Roof of Berliner Hall Hofstra University California Ave

11 730 pmPublic program at Sagamore Hill Volunteers needed followed by members-only if scheduled

Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Oyster Bay

17 7 pm Tom Lynchs Library Star Party Floral Park Public Library

20 7 pm Public Stargazing Clifton Park Sea Cliff

OCTOBER

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7

RECENT OUTREACHOn July 28 Bill B Bill C Jason C Gary and Sue C John D Mike D Chris H Lily J Carol K John K Chris K Phil K Mike K Nancy R Frank R Jean S Dave T and Gene Z moved our outreach and observing equipment and safely secured it in its new home at a storage facility This equipment was removed from our observatory at the Jones Beach Nature Center for safekeeping while renovations are being madeBill C treated over 100 people to views of Saturnrsquos Cassini division at the Susan Rose Observatory in Southold on Aug 31 and on Sept 6 he showed 35 people Hadley Rille the site of the Apollo 15 Moon landingOur public stargazing event at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site on Aug 30 was attended by more than 80 people Volunteers Steve B Bill B Vito C Bill C Gary and Sue C Jason C John K Joe M Linda P Nancy R Sue R Frank R George S Joe S Genie S Avi W and Gene Z were there to operate telescopes and converse with the publicTom L had a very successful stargazing event for the library patrons in Wantagh on Sept 9 Assisting him was Steve B 38 people saw the Moon Jupiter and SaturnAbout 20 Girl Scouts as well as many families attended Baldwinrsquos Astronomy in the Garden at the Baldwin Community Garden on Sept 13 Working with the public were Jason C Bill C John K Tom L Linda P Sue R George and Verna S and Genie S

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY ASTRONOMYPHYSICS OPEN NIGHTS

Astronomy Open Night Friday October 4 2019ESS 001 730PMldquoAn update on NASAs Juno mission to Jupiterrdquo presented by Alan CalderNASAs Juno spacecraft was launched on August 5 2011 and arrived at Jupiter on July 4 2016 Named after the cloud piercing wife of Jupiter its mission is to investigate the atmosphere of Jupiter to measure the composition particularly the amount of water and to observe Jupiters magnetic and gravitational fields I will discuss the layout of the solar system and what we know about Jupiter theories of planet formation questions the Juno mission strives to answer and the latest results from JunoFor more information httpwwwastrosunysbeduopenightopennitehtml

MONTAUK OBSERVATORYSaturday October 3 2019 100ndash300 PMSolar Observing at Guild Halls Sunny DaysAn afternoon of fun free family-friendly sun-related activities including workshops music art and safe solar observing through a telescope with NASA Solar System Ambassador and Montauk Observatorys Senior Educator William Francis TaylorLocation Guild Hall 158 Main Street East Hampton NYFor more information httpswwwguildhallorgeventssunny-days-family-celebration

COLUMBIA ASTRONOMY PUBLIC OUTREACHFriday October 4th at 800 PMldquoUndead Worlds Planets around White Dwarf Starsrdquo presented by Jorge CortesCome learn about these weird and wonderful worlds Please check our website on Friday at noon the day of the event to see if the weather will allow us to observe Please note the Big Dome on the roof may be inaccessible due to ongoing repairs and upgrades but we will observe if clear using portable telescopesLecture 800-845 PM ObservingQuestions 845-930 PMThe lecture will be in Pupin 301 (our normal venue) Signs will be posted to direct you Detailed directions to the event can be found here httpoutreachastrocolumbiaedudirections All of our events are free and open to all ages Stay as long as you want If observing on the roof please bring warmer clothing as the roof can be cold and windy

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 6: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7

RECENT OUTREACHOn July 28 Bill B Bill C Jason C Gary and Sue C John D Mike D Chris H Lily J Carol K John K Chris K Phil K Mike K Nancy R Frank R Jean S Dave T and Gene Z moved our outreach and observing equipment and safely secured it in its new home at a storage facility This equipment was removed from our observatory at the Jones Beach Nature Center for safekeeping while renovations are being madeBill C treated over 100 people to views of Saturnrsquos Cassini division at the Susan Rose Observatory in Southold on Aug 31 and on Sept 6 he showed 35 people Hadley Rille the site of the Apollo 15 Moon landingOur public stargazing event at Sagamore Hill National Historic Site on Aug 30 was attended by more than 80 people Volunteers Steve B Bill B Vito C Bill C Gary and Sue C Jason C John K Joe M Linda P Nancy R Sue R Frank R George S Joe S Genie S Avi W and Gene Z were there to operate telescopes and converse with the publicTom L had a very successful stargazing event for the library patrons in Wantagh on Sept 9 Assisting him was Steve B 38 people saw the Moon Jupiter and SaturnAbout 20 Girl Scouts as well as many families attended Baldwinrsquos Astronomy in the Garden at the Baldwin Community Garden on Sept 13 Working with the public were Jason C Bill C John K Tom L Linda P Sue R George and Verna S and Genie S

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY ASTRONOMYPHYSICS OPEN NIGHTS

Astronomy Open Night Friday October 4 2019ESS 001 730PMldquoAn update on NASAs Juno mission to Jupiterrdquo presented by Alan CalderNASAs Juno spacecraft was launched on August 5 2011 and arrived at Jupiter on July 4 2016 Named after the cloud piercing wife of Jupiter its mission is to investigate the atmosphere of Jupiter to measure the composition particularly the amount of water and to observe Jupiters magnetic and gravitational fields I will discuss the layout of the solar system and what we know about Jupiter theories of planet formation questions the Juno mission strives to answer and the latest results from JunoFor more information httpwwwastrosunysbeduopenightopennitehtml

MONTAUK OBSERVATORYSaturday October 3 2019 100ndash300 PMSolar Observing at Guild Halls Sunny DaysAn afternoon of fun free family-friendly sun-related activities including workshops music art and safe solar observing through a telescope with NASA Solar System Ambassador and Montauk Observatorys Senior Educator William Francis TaylorLocation Guild Hall 158 Main Street East Hampton NYFor more information httpswwwguildhallorgeventssunny-days-family-celebration

COLUMBIA ASTRONOMY PUBLIC OUTREACHFriday October 4th at 800 PMldquoUndead Worlds Planets around White Dwarf Starsrdquo presented by Jorge CortesCome learn about these weird and wonderful worlds Please check our website on Friday at noon the day of the event to see if the weather will allow us to observe Please note the Big Dome on the roof may be inaccessible due to ongoing repairs and upgrades but we will observe if clear using portable telescopesLecture 800-845 PM ObservingQuestions 845-930 PMThe lecture will be in Pupin 301 (our normal venue) Signs will be posted to direct you Detailed directions to the event can be found here httpoutreachastrocolumbiaedudirections All of our events are free and open to all ages Stay as long as you want If observing on the roof please bring warmer clothing as the roof can be cold and windy

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 7: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

6 7 8

AOS Membersrsquo Photos

by Chris H

by Bart F

Jupiter and Galilean moons

AW Roberts display at Boyden Observatory

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 8: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

7 8

AOSPicturePage

by Terrance HNGC 7822

M27

NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy

IC 1605NGC 869 and NGC 884 Double Cluster

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 9: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

Find Strange Uranus in AriesBy David Prosper

Most of the planets in our solar system are bright and easily spotted in our night skies The exceptions are the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune These worlds are so distant and dim that binoculars or telescopes are almost always needed to see them A great time to search for Uranus is during its opposition on October 28 since the planet is up almost the entire night and at its brightest for the yearSearch for Uranus in the space beneath the stars of Aries the Ram and above Cetus the Whale These constellations are found west of more prominent Taurus the Bull and Pleiades star cluster You can also use the Moon as a guide Uranus will be just a few degrees north of the Moon the night of October 14 close enough to fit both objects into the same binocular field of view However it will be much easier to see dim Uranus by moving the bright Moon just out of sight If yoursquore using a telescope zoom in

as much as possible once you find Uranus 100x magnification and greater will reveal its small greenish disc while background stars will remain pointsTry this observing trick from a dark sky location Find Uranus with

your telescope or binoculars then look with your unaided eyes at the patch of sky where your equipment is aimed Do you see a faint star where Uranus should be Thatrsquos not a star

yoursquore actually seeing Uranus with your naked

eye The ice giant is just bright enough near opposition - magnitude 57 - to be visible to observers under clear dark skies Itrsquos easier to see this ghostly planet unaided after first using an instrument to spot it sort of like ldquotraining wheelsrdquo for your eyes Try this technique with other objects as you observe and yoursquoll be amazed at what your eyes can pick outBy the way yoursquove spotted the first planet discovered in the modern era William Herschel discovered Uranus via telescope in 1781 and Johan Bode

confirmed its status as a planet two years later NASArsquos Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit this strange world with a brief flyby in 1986 It revealed a strange severely tilted planetary system possessing faint dark rings dozens of moons and eerily featureless cloud tops Subsequent observations of Uranus from powerful telescopes like Hubble and Keck showed its blank face was temporary as powerful storms were spotted caused by dramatic seasonal changes during its 84-year orbit Uranusrsquos wildly variable seasons result from a massive collision billions of years ago that tipped the planet to its sideDiscover more about NASArsquos current and future missions of exploration of the distant solar system and beyond at nasagov

Find more observing projects at wwwtheskyscrapersorgoctober

amp OBSERVING PROJECTSIn the sky

Caption The path of Uranus in October is indicated by an arrow its position on October 14 is circled The wide dashed circle approximates the field of view from binoculars or a finderscope Image created with assistance from Stellarium

Caption Composite images taken of Uranus in 2012 and 2014 by the Hubble Space Telescope showcasing its rings and auroras More at bitlyuranusauroras Credit ESAHubble amp NASA L Lamy Observatoire de Paris

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 10: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

9 10

In a letter to his son in 1906 the great French artist Paul Ceacutezanne described how shifting his viewpoint while he painted allowed him to capture the true essence of things

ldquoThe same subject seen from a different angle provides a subject of the greatest interestrdquo he wrote ldquoand so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by simply leaning sometimes to the right sometimes to the leftrdquoThe power of looking at things from different perspectives is well known to astronomers too Itrsquos how we measure the distances to the starsAn objectrsquos position appears to change when seen from different locations and the amount of this change depends on how far away it isYou can prove it yourself by

SAME PLANET DIFFERENT WORLDSDr Michael West

holding your finger at different distances from your nose and looking at it through one eye and then the other Each eye gives a slightly different perspective and our brain uses this information to

gauge how far away things areA starrsquos distance can be found the same way In principle we could use two telescopes on opposite sides of the Earth like two eyes to measure how much a starrsquos apparent position in the sky differs when viewed through eachBut therersquos an even better wayThe more two viewpoints differ the more an objectrsquos position appears to change

So astronomers take advantage of the Earthrsquos yearly motion around the Sun to view stars from opposite sides of our planetrsquos orbit Itrsquos like having eyes separated by a whopping 186 million milesThe stars are so enormously far away that these shifts are imperceptible to the unaided eye It wasnrsquot until 1838 that Friedrich Bessel succeeded in making the first measurement of a starrsquos distance By carefully observing the star 61 Cygni he found that its position in the sky changed by a minuscule but detectable amount as the Earth orbits the SunEven with modern telescopes itrsquos hard to measure these tiny shifts

But the Gaia space observatory is busily doing just that for a billion stars creating a remarkable three-dimensional map of our cosmic home It does this from its own orbit around the Sun a million miles farther out than the Earth where it observes the sky from an ever-changing perspectiveLooking at things from different perspectives can be enlightening for us tooWe each have our own personal beliefs that affect how we see the world But there are as many perspectives as there are people and we can learn from those who help us see things differently Looking at life from different perspectives brings clarity and helps us understand that things are rarely black and whiteAlbert Einstein understood this The Czech novelist Max Brod who befriended Einstein marveled at ldquothe ease with which he would in discussion experimentally change his point of view at times tentatively adopting the opposite view and viewing the whole problem from a new and totally changed anglerdquoHere on Earth as in the heavens when we change the way we look at things we see them in a different wayAs Cezanne put it ldquoThe day is coming when a single carrot freshly observed will set off a revolutionrdquoDr Michael West is Lowell Observatoryrsquos Deputy Director for Science He received his PhD in astronomy from Yale University and held research and teaching positions around the world before coming to Flag-staff Find out more about his background and research interests here Michael is also an enthusiastic writer with publications in The Wall Street Journal USA Today The Washington Postand Scientific American as well as author of a new book titled A Sky Wonderful With Stars published by University of Hawaii Press

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 11: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY

Astronomy Outreach Department of Physics Astronomy

Stars on Sundays 2019 - 2020 Oct 6 7 ndash 9 pm Feb 2 6 ndash 8 pm Nov 3 6 ndash 8 pm Mar 1 7 ndash 9 pm Dec 8 6 ndash 8 pm Apr 5 8 ndash 10 pm

images copyNew Mexico State University

Special event Fri Oct 11 730 ndash 10 pm Sagamore Hill National Historic Monument Oyster Bay NY

Hofstra invites kids of all ages to view the Moon Jupiter Saturn Venus star clusters nebulae amp

multi-colored double stars with telescopes from the Hofstra Observatory 4th floor Herman Berliner Hall California Ave amp Huntington Place S of Hempstead Turnpike Program begins with a presentation about

the sky in room 117 Attendance is limited to150 peopleevent Free registration is required

Latest info and free registration wwwhofstraeduastronomy GPS 826 Huntington Pl Uniondale NY 11553 Email observatoryhofstraedu

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

REACH FOR THE UNIVERSE

Page 12: INTERNATIONAL OBSERVE THE MOON NIGHT · THE AMATEUR OBSERVERS' SOCIETY OF NEW YORK T Ama O S 49 Litte East Neck Rd., West Babyon, NY 1104-20 Fa 0-24-129 AOS Hostra University Beriner

Celestial Observer October 2019

11 12

AOS 2019 Public Astronomy Programs wwwaosnyorg

AOS Newsletters-see past and present newsletters at httpwwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm AOS Monthly Meetings Open to the Public ndash Free Hofstra University Berliner Hall room 117 115pm Astronomy discussions suitable for all levels First Sunday Oct-June Sept (2nd Sun) For dates and location see wwwaosnyorgMeetingSchedulehtm For monthly newsletter see wwwaosnyorgNewsletter_archivehtm Stargazing at AOS Observatory in Southold ndash Free Susan F Rose Observatory at Custer Insti-tute Southold Public stargazing Saturday nights weather permitting See craters on the Moon plan-ets deep sky objects etc For map see wwwaosnyorgCusterdirectionshtm Custer Institute wwwcusterobservatoryorg Presentations Activities and Stargazing ndash Free Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Outdoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more To be advised of changing conditions register at 516- 922-4788 wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitevent-detailshtmevent=F0A032AD-1DD8-B71B-0B664336E65F195A wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitcalendarhtm wwwnpsgovsahiplanyourvisitbasicinfohtm Stars on Sunday with Hofstra University ndashBerliner Hall at California Aveamp Huntington Pl Hemp-stead Indoor presentation followed by stargazing with telescopes weather permitting Learn about the constellations and see planets craters on the Moon and more The first Sunday of the month during the academic year resuming in Oct To be advised of dates and changing conditions register at 516-922-4788 wwwhofstraeduastronomy Astronomy Day- Free with museum admission April each year Cradle of Aviation Museum Garden City see httpwwwcradleofaviationorg Workshops planetarium presentations demonstrations solar observing (weather permitting) Astronomy Resources Monthly celestial events httpamazing-spacestsciedutonights_skyindexphp Monthly sky charts Free wwwskymapscom Free computer planetarium program wwwstellariumorg TELESCOPES PROVIDED ANDOR OPERATED BY AMATEUR OBSERVERS SOCIETY OF NY with support from the Sierra Club Long Island Group httpnewyorksierracluborglongisland

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