interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Interpretation of Musculoskeletal X- rays
Jatinder S. Luthra
![Page 2: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Skeletal condition
• Fractures• Osteomyelitis• Structural anomalies• Degenerative joint conditions
![Page 3: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Rule of Two
• Two views - AP and Lateral• Two joints – joint above and below
• Two occasions – repeat x- rays• Two limbs – Compare
![Page 4: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Patient details • Date of exam.• Side – Rt./Lt. – Marker• Exposure• Whole area covered – Joint above and below• Two views• Abnormalities
![Page 5: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Bone • Joint • Soft tissue
RegularityCortex intactFractures – location, pattern, deformity.Density
Joint congruencyFracture extends into jointDamage/ degenreration
Break in integrityAirForeign bodySwelling
![Page 6: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Description of fracture
![Page 8: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Bone and joint alignment
![Page 17: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Joint space
![Page 18: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Bone Texture
![Page 19: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Soft Tissue Anomaly
![Page 20: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Bone Anatomy
![Page 21: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Joint Anatomy
![Page 22: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cortical outline
![Page 23: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Two views
![Page 24: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Compare normal
![Page 25: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Look for unexpected
![Page 26: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Artefacts
![Page 27: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Transverse fracture
![Page 28: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Oblique
![Page 29: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Spiral
![Page 30: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Sagittal
![Page 31: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Compare with old X- rays
![Page 32: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Multidirectional
![Page 33: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Comminuted
![Page 34: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Butterfly Fragment
![Page 35: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Segmental
![Page 36: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Shortening
![Page 37: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Angulation and Rotation
![Page 38: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Distraction and impaction
![Page 39: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Pathological fracture - Osteoporosis
![Page 40: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Pathological fracture – Multiple myeloma
MOTH EATEN APPEARANCE
![Page 41: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Pathological fracture – Benign lesion
GEOGRAPHICAL MARGIN
![Page 42: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Avulsion Farcture
![Page 43: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Stress Fracture
![Page 44: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Periprosthetic fracture
![Page 45: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Fracture Mimics
![Page 46: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Fracture Mimics
![Page 47: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Fracture Mimics
![Page 48: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Fracture Mimics- Vascular markings
![Page 49: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Fracture Mimics
![Page 50: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Foreign Body
![Page 51: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Needle
![Page 52: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Needle
![Page 53: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Clavicle
![Page 54: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Acromioclavicular Joint
![Page 55: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Shoulder - Normal
![Page 56: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Shoulder – Anterior Dislocation
![Page 57: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Shoulder – Posterior Dislocation
BULB SIGN
![Page 58: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Scapula - Normal
![Page 59: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Scapula - Fracture
![Page 60: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Humerus Fracture
![Page 61: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Elbow - Normal (10 year old)
![Page 62: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Elbow - Normal (Lateral)
![Page 63: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Elbow - Subtle Fracture
![Page 64: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Elbow – Supracondylar fracture
![Page 65: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Elbow - Dislocation
![Page 66: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Wrist – Colle’s Fracture
![Page 67: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Wrist – Smith’s Fracture
![Page 68: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Wrist – Comminuted Fracture
![Page 69: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Monteggia Fracture
![Page 70: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Greenstick Fracture
![Page 71: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Torus Fracture
![Page 72: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Wrist - Normal
![Page 73: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Scaphoid Fracture
![Page 74: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Trapezium Fracture
![Page 75: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Wrist normal view
![Page 76: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Scapholunate dissociation
![Page 77: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Wrist dislocation
![Page 78: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Cervical spine – Lateral view
![Page 79: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Cervical spine – Lateral view
![Page 80: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Cervical spine – Lateral view
![Page 81: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Cervical spine – AP view
![Page 82: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Cervical spine – Open mouth view
![Page 83: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Cervical spine – Open mouth view ( Rotated view)
![Page 84: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Cervical spine – Swimmer’sview
![Page 85: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
C1 Fracture
![Page 86: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
C2 – Odontoid Fracture
![Page 87: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
C2 – Odontoid Fracture
![Page 88: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
C2 – Hangman Fracture
![Page 89: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
C2 - Teardrop fracture
![Page 90: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
C2 - Teardrop fracture
![Page 91: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Cervical Spine – Facet dislocation (Lateral view)
![Page 92: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Cervical Spine – Facet dislocation (AP view)
![Page 93: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Cervical spine – prevertebral space
![Page 94: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Cervical spine – spinous fracture
![Page 95: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Thoracic spine - Normal
![Page 96: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Thoracic spine - Normal
![Page 97: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Thoracic spine - Normal
![Page 98: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Normal view
![Page 99: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Normal view
![Page 100: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Normal view
![Page 101: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Normal view
![Page 102: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Three Coloumn
![Page 103: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Three Coloumn
![Page 104: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Compression Fracture
![Page 105: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Compression Fracture
![Page 106: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Burst Fracture
![Page 107: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Burst Fracture
![Page 108: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Chance’s Fracture
![Page 109: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Lumbar spine – Chance’s Fracture
![Page 110: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Osteoporotic fracture
![Page 111: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Osteoporotic fracture
![Page 112: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Fracture transverse fracture
![Page 113: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Spinous process fracture
![Page 114: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Pelvis X-ray - Normal
![Page 115: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Pelvis X-ray – Pubic ramus fracture
![Page 116: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Pelvis X-ray – Acetabular fracture
![Page 117: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Pelvis X-ray - Diastasis
![Page 118: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Pelvis X-ray – ASIS avulsion
![Page 119: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Sacrum- Normal
![Page 120: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Sacral Fracture
![Page 121: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Hip - Normal
![Page 122: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Hip - Normal
![Page 123: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Hip - Normal
![Page 124: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Hip – Intracapsular fracture
![Page 125: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Hip – Intertrochanter fracture
![Page 126: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Hip – Subtrochanter fracture
![Page 127: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Hip - Dislocation
![Page 128: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Femur fracture
![Page 129: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Pathological fracture
![Page 130: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Knee - Normal
![Page 131: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Knee - Normal
![Page 132: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
Knee - Normal
![Page 133: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Fracture Tibial plateau
![Page 134: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Fracture Tibial plateau
![Page 135: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Patella Fracture
![Page 136: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
Patella Dislocation
![Page 137: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
Fabella
![Page 138: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
Bipartite Patella
![Page 139: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Tibia and fibula fracture
![Page 140: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
Tibial Stress fracture
![Page 141: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Toddler’s fracture
![Page 142: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
Ankle - Normal
![Page 143: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Ankle - Normal
![Page 144: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
Ankle - Normal
![Page 145: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
Lateral malleolus fracture
![Page 146: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
Bimalleolar Fracture
![Page 147: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
Bimalleolar Fracture
![Page 148: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Osteochondral fracture
![Page 149: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Calcaneal fracture
![Page 150: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Foot - Normal
![Page 151: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
Lisfranc Farcture
![Page 152: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
Fracture 5th metatarsal
![Page 153: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Osteosarcoma
![Page 154: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Aneurysmal bone cyst
![Page 155: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
Osteochondroma
![Page 156: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
Osteopetrosis
![Page 157: Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013102/5497f46bb4795951238b484f/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
THANK YOU