IECEC-97

PROCEEDINGS OF

THE THIRTY-SECOND

INTERSOCIETY

ENERGY CONVERSION

ENGINEERING CONFERENCE

VOLUME 2

Electrochemical TechnologiesConversion Technologies

Thermal Management

July 27 - August 1, 1997

Honolulu, Hawaii

American Institute of Chemical Engineers345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017

Table of Contents

Volume 2

Electrochemical Technologies, Conversion Technologiesand Thermal Management

Note: Please check the Post Deadline Papers section ofVolume 4for additionalpapers.

ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES

FUEL CELLS

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ofProton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 768

(97092)A. Rodrigues, J. C. Amphlett, R. F. Mann, B. A. Peppley, P. R. Roberge, Royal

Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Progress With the Direct Methanol Liquid-Feed Fuel Cell System (97447) 774

G. Halpert, S. R. Narayanan, T. Valdez, W. Chun, H. Frank, A. Kindler,

S. Surampudi, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA; J. Kosek, C. Cropley,

A. LaConti, Giner, Inc.,Waltham, MA

Solubility of LiCo02 in Molten Carbonates (97056) 779

M. Higashino, Y. Takigawa, Electro-Communication University, Osaka, Japan;

M. Yanagida, K. Tanimoto, T. Kojima, Y. Tamiya, H. Matsumoto, T. Asai, Y.

Miyazaki, Osaka National Research Institute, Osaka, Japan;

A Comparison of Two Aluminizing Methods for Corrosion Protection in the 782

Wet Seal of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (97082)

I. Bloom, J. E. Indacochea, M. Krumpelt, Argonne National Laboratory,

Argonne, IL; T. G. Benjamin, M-C Power Corp., Burr Ridge, IL

The Electrochemical Reduction of N2 Gas and Its Application to Energy 787

Systems (97307)Y. Ito, T. Goto, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

U.S. Army PEM Fuel Cell Programs (97068) 793

A. S. Patil, R. Jacobs, U.S. Army CECOM R&DE Center, Ft. Belvoir, VA

Fuel Cell for Buildings Program (97095)796

R. J. Fiskum, U.S. Department ofEnergy, Washington, DC

Status of the M-C Power MCFC Commercialization Program (97132) 800

T. G. Benjamin, D. S. Erickson, E. J. Haugh, R. J. Petri, M-C Power

Corporation, Burr Ridge, IL

iii

Carbon Dioxide Capture In Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Power Plants 805

Fueled With Coal And Natural Gas (97111)P. Reimer, IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme, Cheltenham, Gloustershire,UK; J. H. Hirschenhofer, J. S. White, Parsons Power Group, Inc., Reading, PA

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells for Power Generation from High-Ash Indian 811

Coals (97224)R. Perumal, S. Bali, M. Balakrishnan, A. Mathur, TERI, Habitat Place, New

Delhi, India

A Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell Cogeneration System Retrofit to a Large 817

Office Building (97300)D. H. Archer, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA; J. G. Wimer,M. C. Williams, Federal Energy Technology Center, Morgantown, WV

Fuel Cell Transit Bus Testing & Development at Georgetown University 825

(97156)R. Wimmer, Georgetown University, Washington, DC

Hydrogen Generation for Fuel-Cell Power Systems by High-Pressure 831

Catalytic Methanol-Steam Reforming (97093)B. A. Peppley, J. C. Amphlett, L. M. Kearns, R. F. Mann, P. R. Roberge, RoyalMilitary College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

The Processing of Alcohols, Hydrocarbons and Ethers to Produce Hydrogen 837

for a PEMFC for Transportation Applications (97109)R. A. J. Dams, P. R. Hayter, S. C. Moore, Special Project Group, Portsmouth,

Hampshire, United Kingdom

Partial Oxidation Reformer Development for Fuel Cell Vehicles (97081) 843

S. Ahmed, R. Doshi, S. H. D. Lee, R. Kumar, M. Krumpelt, Argonne National

Laboratory, Argonne, IL

Development of Reforming Technology for a Portable Generator (97116) 847

N. Hashimoto, H. Kudo, J. Adachi, M. Shinagawa, N. Yamaga, Central Research

Laboratory, Osaka, Japan; A. Igarashi, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan

Direct Carbonate Fuel Cell Power Plant Operating with Logistic Fuels 851

(97016)S. Abens, G. Steinfeld, Energy Research Corporation, Danbury, CT

BATTERIES

Electrical Characterization Testing of Sealed Nickel-Zinc Batteries (97013) 857

D. Coates, A. Charkey, Energy Research Corporation, Danbury, CT

Characterization of All Zinc Chloride Zinc Carbon Cells Containing Zinc 863

Cans Made From No Lead Added Zinc Alloys (97067)J. T. West, F. F. Bonacker, Rayovac Corporation, Madison, WI

iv

Development of a Compact High-Power Zinc-Oxygen Battery for a 872

Heavyweight Torpedo (97210)B. Koretz, N. Naimer, Electric Fuel Limited, Jerusalem, Israel

Regeneration of Zinc Anodes for the Electric Fuel® Zinc-Air Refuelable EV 877

Battery System (97211)B. Koretz, J. R. Goldstein, Electric Fuel Limited, Jerusalem, Israel

Load Leveled Battery System Characteristics Using Sealed Lead-acid 883

Batteries (97486)J. T. Guerin, A. F. Burke, University of California, Davis, CA

Thermal Analysis of the Ultralife SSS Lithium Ion Solid Polymer Battery 889

With High Energy Anode for Dual Use Applications (97084)R. P. Hollandsworth, M. Isaacson, Lockheed Martin Missile and Space, Palo

Alto, CA; E. A. Cuellar, J. A. Read, Ultralife Batteries, Inc., Newark, NY

Testing and Evaluation ofBatteries for a Fuel Cell Powered Hybrid Bus 894

(97456)J. F. Miller, C. E. Webster, A. F. Tummillo, W. H. DeLuca, Argonne National

Laboratory, Argonne, IL

Numerical Simulation of Coupled Electrochemical and Transport Processes 899

in Battery Systems (97124)B. Y. Liaw, W-B. Gu, C-Y. Wang, University ofHawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI

UNIVERSITATSBlBLfOTHEKHANNOVER

TECHN1SCHEINFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK

v

CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES

COMBUSTIONSYSTEMS

A Comprehensive Model on Spray Formation Process and Probability 904

Distribution of Subsequently Formed Spray Droplets (97487)S. Mitra, X. Li, University ofVictoria, Victoria, B. C, Canada

Hydrogen as an Additive to Methane for Spark Ignition Engine 910

Applications (97478)S. O. Bade Shrestha, G. A. Karim, The University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Experimental Characterisation of Flows In The Model of a Strongly 916

Swirling Combustor (97024)S. Pasini, A. Coghe, U. Ghezzl, G. Solero, Polytechnic ofMilan, Milan, Italy

Combustion and Emissions (97023) 922

S. Pasini, U. Ghezzi, L. Degli, L. D. A. Ferri, Polytechnic ofMilan, Milan, Italy

A Study on the Two Phase (Gas/Solid) Flow Characteristics in the 927

Entrained Coal Gasifier (97390)H-T. Kim, Y-H. Lim, Y-S. Jeon, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea; Y-D. Yoo,Institute ofAdvanced Engineering, Suwon, Korea

Innovative Coal Gasification System with High Temperature Air (97029) 932

K. Yoshikawa, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan;H. Katsushima, M. Kasahara, T. Hasegawa, R. Tanaka, Nippon Furnace Kogyo,Yokohama, Japan; T. Ootsuka, Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Tokyo,Japan

The Flammability Limits of Hydrogen and Methane in Air at Moderately 938

Elevated Temperatures (97432)B. B. Ale, I. Wierzba, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada

A New-Concept Gas-Solid Combustion System "MERIT" For High 944

Combustion Efficiency and Low Emissions (97046)T. Hatanaka, S. Matsuda, H. Hatano, National Institute for Resources and

Environment, Ibaraki, Japan

High Efficiency Multifuel Combustor with Potential for Commercial and 949

Military Applications (97205)R. Mital, R. K. Sievers, Advanced Modular Power Systems, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI

Flame Propagation in Co-Fired Coal-Natural Gas Mixtures (97079) 955

S. Thenappan, Rheem Manufacturing Company, Montgomery, AL;S. R. Gollahalli, University ofOklahoma, Norman, OK

vi

Ultra Clean Burner for an AMTEC System Suitable for Hybrid ElectricVehicles (97369)R. Mital, R. K. Sievers, T. K. Hunt, Advanced Modular Power Systems, Inc.,Ann Arbor, MI

An External Combustion, Open-Diesel Cycle Heat Engine (97142)W. D. Harris, Sacramento, CA

Brake Power Maxima ofEngines with Limited Heat Transfer (97413)J. R. Senft, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI

A Constant Volume Carnot Engine Cycle (97141)W. D. Harris, Sacramento, CA

Merits of Stirling-Driven Vapor-Compression Systems and Their Advanced

Technologies (97386)N. Kagawa, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka, Japan

Design of a 1 kW Class Gamma Type Stirling Engine (97180)L, Raggi, M. Katsuta, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; H. Sekiya, SanyoElectric Co., Ltd., Gumma, Japan

Size Limits for Stirling Cycle Refrigerators and Cryocoolers (97090)R. B. Peterson, M. Al-Hazmy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR

Piston Movement in Thermocompressor (97324)P. H. Arques, Ecully, France

The Effect of "Flushing Ratio" on the Performance of Counterflow Fixed-

Bed Thermal Regenerators (97178)F. de Monte, G. Galli, University of L'Aquila, Roio Poggio, LAquila, Italy

Theoretical and Experimental Study on Regenerative Rotary Displacer

Stirling Engine (97179)L. Raggi, M. Katsuta, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; N. Isshiki, Nihon

Univeristy, Tokyo, Japna; S. Isshiki, Isshiki R&D Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan

The Application of Stirling Cooler to Refrigeration (97234)S-Y. Kim, W-S. Chung, D-K. Shin, K.-S. Cho, LG Electronics Inc., Seoul, Korea

An Experimental Study on Flow Resistance of Regenerator Wire Meshes in

Oscillatory Flow (97166)S. Isshiki, Y. Takasaki, I. Ushiyama, Ashikaga Institute of Technology,

Tochigiken, Japan; N. Isshiki, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan

Design, Simulation, and Test Results of a Heat-Assisted Three-Cylinder

Stirling Heat Pump (C-3) (97033)S. Yagyu, I. Fujishima, KUBOTA Corporation, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan;J. Corey, Clever Fellows Innovation Consortium, Inc., Troy, NY; N. Isshiki,I. Satoh, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan

vii

Stirling Energy Systems' (SES) Dish-Stirling Program (97414) 1039

K. W. Stone, McDonnell Douglas, Huntington Beach, CA; H. W. Braun,

M. I. Moore, T. B. Clark, Stirling Energy Systems, Inc., Phoenix, AZ

THERMIONICS & THERMOELECTRICS

Updated Perspective on the Potential for Thermionic Conversion to Meet 1045

21st Century Energy Needs (97479)

G. 0. Fitzpatrick, E. J. Britt, Space Power, Inc., San Jose, CA; B. Moyzhes,

Consultant

The Basics of the Technology of Creating a Small Interelectrode Spacing in 1052

Thermionic Energy Converters with the Use of Two-Phase Systems (97086)

A. G. Kalandarishvili, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia

Thermodynamic Design of a Power Optimized Irreversible Thermionic 1057

Generator (97174)S. Bhattacharyya, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India

Theoretical Study of the Electrical Power Behavior of a Cesium Thermionic 1063

Converter for Switching Resistive and Reactive Loads (97118)

J. G. Perez, Semiconductor Devices Research Center, Puebla, Mexico;

C. A. Estrada, A. E. Jimenez, J. G. Cervantes, Energy Research Center, Morelos,

Mexico

Alkali Metal Detectors for Coolant Leakage Monitoring in Thermionic 1066

Nuclear Power Systems (97085)A. G. Kalandarishvili, B. S. Stepennov, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia

Fast Pulsing of an Open Research Thermionic Converter (97518) 1071

R. Svensson, Sweden Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden;

L. Holmlid, University ofGoteborg, Goteborg, Sweden

Thermoelectric Recovery ofWaste Heat - Case Studies (97022) 1075

M. D. Rowe, G. Min, S.G. K. Williams, A. Aoune, Cardiff School of

Engineering, Cardiff, Wales; K. Matsuura, Osaka University, Suita Osaka,

Japan; V. L. Kuznetsov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg,

Russia; L. W. Fu, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

New Materials and Devices for Thermoelectric Applications (97419) 1080

J.-P. Fleurial, A. Borshchevsky, T. Caillat, R. Ewell, Jet Propulsion Laboratory,

Pasadena, CA

Thermopower Investigation of a-As2Se3 (97012) 1086

D. M. Chiu, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia

viii

Truck Co-Generation System Based on Combustion Heated Thermoelectric 1092

Conversion (97541)Ye. A. Meleta, V. I. Yarygin, V. V. Klepikov, State Scientific Center of Russian

Federation, Kaluga Region, Russia; L. R. Wolff, Energy Conversion SystemB.V., Eindhoven, Netherlands

Investigation of Energy Conversion in TPV Power Generation Prototype 1097

Using Blackbody/Selective Emitters (97246)Z. Chen, P. L. Adair, M. F. Rose, Space Power Institute, Auburn, AL

Design and Construction of a Thermophotovoltaic Generator Using 1101

Turbine Combustion Gas (97201)T. A. Erickson, K. W. Lindler, M. J. Harper, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis,MD

Thermophotovoltaic Emitter Material Selection and Design (97202) 1107

P. C. Saxton, A. L. Moran, M. J. Harper, K. W. Lindler, U.S. Naval Academy,

Annapolis, MD

A Comparison ofPlanar and Cylindrical Thermophotolvotiac Energy 1113

Conversion Systems (97233)B. S. Good, D. L. Chubb, NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH

Electrical and Optical Performance Characteristics of p/n InGaAs 1119

Monolithic Interconnected Modules (97528)D. M. Wilt, NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH; N. S. Fatemi,

P. P. Jenkins, V.G. Weizer, R. W. Hoffman, Essential Research, Inc., Cleveland,

OH; C. S. Murray, D. Riley, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, West Mufflin,

PA

Series IIAMTEC Cell Design and Development (97335) 1125

R. K. Sievers, J. E. Pantolin, R. C. Svedberg, D. A. Butkiewicz,

C. A. Borkowski, C. Huang, T. J. Hendricks, T. K. Hunt, Advanced Modular

Power Systems, Ann Arbor, MI

Parasitic Heat Loss Reduction in AMTEC Cells by Heat Shield 1130

Optimization (97420)C. A. Borkowski, R.C. Svedberg, T. J. Hendricks, Advanced Modular Power

Systems, Ann Arbor, MI

Effect ofDesign Variations on AMTEC Cell Efficiency, and of Operating 1136

Parameters on Performance ofOSC Cell Design (97529)

A. Schock, H. Noravian, V. Kumar, C. T. Or, Orbital Sciences Corporation,

Germantown, MD

AMTEC: Current Status and Vision (97536)1152

G. C. Levy, T. K. Hunt, R. K. Sievers, Advanced Modular Power Systems, Ann

Arbor, MI

ix

Coupled Thermal, Electrical, and Fluid Flow Analyses of AMTEC

Converters, with Illustrative Application to OSC's Cell Design (97182)A. Schock, H. Noravian, C. Or, Orbital Sciences Corporation , Germantown, MD

Quantifying and Minimizing Entropy Generation in AMTEC Cells (97383) 1165

T. J. Hendricks, C. Huang, Advanced Modular Power Systems, Inc., Ann Arbor,MI

Performance Analysis of a Multitube Vapor-Anode AMTEC Cell (97378) 1172

J-M. Tournier, M. S. El-Genk, L. Huang, University ofNew Mexico,

Albuquerque, NM; M. Schuller, Phillips Laboratory, Kirtland AFB,

Albuquerque, NM

The Experimental Results of AMTEC and a Study ofIts Terrestrial 1180

Applications in IEE of China (97058)

Q. Ni, J. Tong, Y. Kan, J. Wang, Y. Cui, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

Beijing, China

Vacuum Testing of High Efficiency Multi-Base Tube AMTEC Cells (97379) 1184

J. Merrill, Nichols Research Corporation, Albuquerque, NM; M. Schuller,

Phillips Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM; R. K. Sievers, C. Borkowski, Advanced

Modular Power Systems, Ann Arbor, MI; L. Huang, M. S. El-Genk, UniversityofNew Mexico, Albuquerque, NM

Measurements of Thermal Conductivities of Alumina Powders and MIN-K 1190

in Vacuum (97380)L. Huang, M. S. El-Genk, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM;

M. J. Schuller, Phillips Laboratory, Kirland AFB, Albuquerque, NM

Electrode Testing in Simple Vapor-Vapor AMTEC Cells (97206) 1196

T. K. Hunt, C. A. Borkowski, K. F. Childs, R. K. Sievers, Advanced Modular

Power Systems, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI

PX Series AMTEC Cell Design, Testing, and Analysis (97421) 1202

C. A. Borkowski, R. K. Sievers, T. J. Hendricks, Advanced Modular Power

Systems , Inc., Ann Arbor, MI

New Precursors for Direct Synthesis of Single Phase Na- and 1210

K-B"- Aluminas For Use in AMTEC Systems (97436)R. L. Cook, D. B. MacQueen, K. E. Bader, TDA Research, Inc., Wheat Ridge,

CO; A. R. Barron, Rice University, Houston, TX

Synthesis of fi"-Al203 Polymer Precursor and Its Pyrolysis to Ultrafine 1214

B"-A1203 Powders (97459)D. R. Treadwell, A. C. Sutorik, S. S. Neo, R. M. Laine, University ofMichigan,Ann Arbor, MI; R. C. Svedberg, Advanced Modular Power Systems, Inc,. Ann

Arbor, MI

x

Loss of Alkali Oxide from Beta" Alumina and Its Importance to AMTEC 1220

Life Issues (97162)R. M. Williams, M. A. Ryan, W. M. Phillips, Jet Propulsion Laboratory,Pasadena, CA

Some Corrosion Failure Mechanisms ofAMTEC Cells (97014) 1224

D. L. Alger, Alger Stirling Company, Seville, OH

Accelerated Testing for Extended Service AMTEC Cells (97458) 1230

R. C. Svedberg, D. A. Schaupner, Advanced Modular Power Systems, Inc., Ann

Arbor, MI; A. J. Appleby, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

ADVANCED THERMAL & RELATEDSYSTEMS

Generating Steam Efficiently (97106) 1236

V. Ganapathy, ABCO Industries, Abilene, TX

Cogeneration in the Former Soviet Union (97268) 1241

W. C. Horak, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY

Reaction Durability ofa Magnesium Oxide/Water Chemical Heat Pump 1246

System (97217)Y. Kato, W. Nanmoku, F. Takahashi, Y. Yoshizawa, Tokyo Institute of

Technology, Tokyo, Japan

The Development of a Performance-Enhancing Additive for Vapor- 1252

Compression Heat Pumps (97193)L. Grzyll, R. P. Scaringe, Mainstream Engineering Corp., Rockledge, FL;

J. M. Gottschlich, USAF Wright Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH

Thermodynamic Analysis of Adsorption Refrigeration Cycles (97108) 1258

B. B. Saha, A. Akisawa, T. Kashiwagi, Tokyo University ofAgriculture &

Technology, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, Japan

Integration of Compressor Performance Maps and NIST Refrigerant 1265

Database in an Air Conditioner Thermal Performance Simulation Model

(97274)J. H. Arthur, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA; J. T. Beard, University

of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; C. Bolton, Belvoir Research Development &

Engineering Center, Ft. Belvoir, VA

Miniature Heat Pumps for Portable and Distributed Space Conditioning 1271

Applications (97464)M. K. Drost, M. Friedrich, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland,

WA

Micro Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) Technology 1275

Insertion Program (97008)L. Burgan, McClellan Air Force Base, CA

xi

INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS

Licensing Patents and Technology by the Developer of the Technology 1280

(97190)M. G. Gilman, Lowe, Price, LeBlanc, and Becker, Alexandria, VA

Free Energy by Space Quanta Manipulation (RQM) (97145) 1287

P. Gibas, F. Greilinger, J-M. Lehner, W. Rusterholz, RQM, Rapperswil,Switzerland

RQM Technologies: Summary and Status (97175) 1293

J. J. Hurtak, AFFS Corporation, Los Gatos, CA; P. G. Bailey, Institute for New

Energy, Los Altos, CA

Thermodynamics of Magnetic Systems and Some Applications (97001) 1298

G. Bisio, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

High Density Charge Clusters and Energy Conversion Results (97230) 1305

H. Fox, Fusion Information Center, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT; P. G. Bailey,Institute for New Energy, Los Altos, CA

Nanostructured Materials for Energy Storage and Energy Conversion 1311

Devices (97501)D. E. Reisner, T. D. Xiao, P. R. Strutt, US Nanocorp, Inc., North Haven, CT;

A. J. Salkind, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ

History and Applications ofHAARP Technologies: The High Frequency 1317

Active Auroral Research Program (97216)P. G. Bailey, Institute for New Energy; N. Worthington, AUM Foundation,Redwood City, CA

Cold Fusion Research: Models and Potential Benefits (97163) 1323

J. J. Hurtak, AFFS Corporation, Los Gatos, CA; P. G. Bailey, Institute for New

Energy, Los Altos, CA

Possible New Applications of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (97231) 1330

H. Fox, Fusion Information Center, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT; P. G. Bailey,Institute for New Energy, Los Altos, CA

Anomalous Heat and Helium Production Using Palladium-Boron Alloys in 1334

Heavy Water (97538)M. H. Miles, K. B. Johnson, anaval Air Warfare Center, China Lake, CA; M. A.

Imam, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC

Biphasic Behavior in Thermal Electrolytic Generators Using Nickel 1338

Cathodes (97009)M. Swartz, JET Energy Technology, Inc. Weston, MA

xii

Thermal and Nuclear Events Associated with the Pd+D Codeposition 1344(97120)S. J. Szpak, P. A. Boss, NCCOSC, San Diego, CA

Excess Heat and Unexpected Elements from Aqueous Electrolysis with 1350Titanium and Palladium Cathodes (97368)J. Dash, R. Kopecek, S. Miguet, Portland State University, Portland, OR

Changes In Isotopic Distribution of the Elements on Palladium Cathode 1356

After Electrolyzed in D20 Solution (97198)T. Mizuno, T. Akimoto, K. Kurokawa, M. Kitaichi, K. Inoda, K. Azumi,S. Simokawa, T. Ohmori, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; M. Enyo,Hakodate National College of Technology, Hakodate, Japan

Nuclear Transmutation Induced by Light Water Electrolysis With Gold 1362

Electrode (97373)T. Ohmori, T. Mizuno, Hokkaido University, Kitaku Sapporo, Japan; M. Enyo,Hakodate National College of Technology, Tokuracho Hakodate, Japan

Einstein's Special Relativity - Kinematical Part I - Einstein for Philistines 1368

(97544)F. A. Wyczalek, FW Lilly, Inc., Bloomfield Hills, MI

Foundations of Science (Quantum Arithmetic) (97096) 1372

B. Iverson, Tigard, OR

Einstein's Special and General Relativity - Energy Conversion Engineering 1377

Applications (97552)F. A. Wyczalek, FW Lilly Inc., Bloomfield Hills, MI

An Intelligent Adaptive Fuzzy-Neural Control System for Applications in 1381

Hazardous Environments (97408)M. V. Bedekar, H. V. Bedekar, Engineering College, Maharashtra, India

xiii

THERMAL MANAGEMENT

HEATPIPESAND HEAT TRANSFER

Condensation Heat Transfer Regarding Hysteretic Annular Flow in a 1385

Rotating Stepped Wall Heat Pipe (97395)L. Lin, A. Faghri, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT

Predicting Yearly Energy Savings Using Bin Weather Data with Heat-Pipe 1391

Heat Exchangers (97260)G. D. Mathur, Zexel USA Corporation, Decatur, IL

Steady State Analysis of the USAF Phillips Laboratory Capillary Pumped 1397

Loop Testbed (97032)B. J. Tomlinson, USAF Phillips Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM

Experimental Investigation of a Neon Cryogenic Capillary Pumped Loop 1403

(97272)D. C. Bugby, E. J. Kroliczek, Swales Aerospace, Beltsville, MD;

B.A. Cullimore, J. E. Baumann, Cullimore & Ring Technologies, Inc.

Cryogenic Thermal Storage Unit (CRYOTSU) Flight Experiment (97271) 1409

C. Stouffer, R. M. Hagood, D. C. Bugby, Swales Aerospace, Beltsville, MD

Low Temperature Operation of a Three-Level Buck DC-DC Converter* 1415

(97117)F. F. Perez-Guerrero, B. R. Ray, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR;

R. L. Patterson, NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH

Cryogenic Aerospace Terrestrial Radar Power System Thermal Analysis 1421

(97172)M. L. Ramalingam, UES, Inc., Dayton, OH; B. Donovan, T. Lamp, J. Beam,USAF Wright laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH

Experimental Verification of a 60 K Thermal Storage Unit (97270) 1427

D. C. Bugby, C. J. Stouffer, Swales Aerospace, Beltsville, MD; M. Rich, Phillips

Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM

Evaporation of Sprinkler Water Spray in a Fire Plume (97075) 1433

G. Krishan, Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India; S. Prakash,

University of Roorkee, Roorkee, India

Fluidized Bed Viscosity Measurements in Reduced Gravity (97043) 1439

S. I. Bakhtiyarov, R. A. Overfelt, Auburn University, Auburn, AL

xiv

SPACECRAFTANDINSTRUMENTTHERMAL CONTROL

Analytical Thermal Model Validation for Cassini Radioisotope 1445Thermoelectric Generator (97080)E. I. Lin, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA

An Experimental Technique to Resolve the LANDSAT-7 Spacecraft Heater 1451Debond Issue (97427)M. K. Choi, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD

An Innovative Thermal Balance Test for Landsat-7 ETM+ Instrument: 1457

Cheaper, Faster, Unusual, Successful (97005)M. K. Choi, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD

Engineering Testing of the Capillary Pumped Loop Thermal Control 1463

System for the NASA EOS-AM Spacecraft (97494)W. J. Krotiuk, Lockheed Martin Missies & Space, Philadelphia, PA

Thermal Design of Landsat-7 ETM+ Earth/Space Background Simulators 1470

(97006)M. K. Choi, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD

Thermal Success of GGS SWE and HYDRA Instruments: Design, Analysis, 1476

Verification, Flight Performance (97007)M. K. Choi, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLAND COOLINGSYSTEMS

Development of a Heat-Driven Pulse Pump for Spacecraft Applications - 1482

Part 2 (97330)S. M. Benner, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD; M. Martins,Jackson & Tull, Seabrook, MD

Economic Comparsion ofPulsed Electrostatic Precipitators and Fabric 1486

Filters in Coal Fired Utility Plants (97299)A. C. Caputo, P. M. Pelagagge, University of L'Aquila, Roio Poggio, AQ, Italy

A Compact Thermal Control System for Aircraft Avionics Pod Cooling 1492

(97337)R. P. Scaringe, Mainstream Engineering Corporation, Rockledge, FL

A Leak-ProofPlate-Fin Heat Exchanger Concept For Process Plant 1497

Applications (97430)C. F. McDonald, McDonald Thermal Engineering, La Jolla, CA

Heat Transfer and Thermodynamics Remarks on the Refrigeration of 1503

Electric Arc Furnace Walls (97003)G. Bisio, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

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Fabrication and Test of a Filling Station for Micro/Miniature Devices

(97133)Y. Cao, M. Gao, E. Pinilla, Florida International University, Miami, FL

NUMERICALANALYSISAND CODE VERIFICATION

CAPLIM: A Visual Basic Program to Calculate the Capillary Limit of an 1514

Axially-Grooved Heat Pipe (97462)K. S. Klasing, S. K. Thomas, Wright State University, Dayton, OH;

K. L. Yerkes, Wright Laboratories, Wright Patterson AFB, OH

Firerun: A Computer Program for the Prediction of Fire Safety in the 1519

Design of Food Services (97475)A. J. Bula, M. M. Rahman, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL

Numerical Simulation and Animation of Oscillating Turbulent Flow in a 1525

Counterbalance Valve (97495)M. M. Rahman, J. L. Porteiro, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL;S. T. Weber, Sun Hydraulics Corp. Sarasota, FL

The Thermal Analysis of Fluid Flow Parallel to Rotating Surfaces (97087) 1531

R. Smyth, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Partition in Deflecting an 1537

Axisymmetric Turbulent Jet in a Rectangular Enclosure (97513)R. A. Srinivasan, E. G. Tulapurkara, T.K. Bose, Indian Institute ofTechnology,

Madras, India; F. Schlottmann, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany

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