interviewing
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InterviewingTRANSCRIPT
INTERVIEWING
April 8, 2023 2
THE OPPORTUNITY Always Be Ready to Interview Could Be Casual or Formal Could Be in a Store or On a Street
Corner Could Be at Work or a Social Affair Could Be at a Professional or Fun Event First Impressions Really Count
Your Next “Boss/Subordinate” May Be Beside You
- At An Unexpected Time Or Place
April 8, 2023 3
TYPES OF INTERVIEWS
Categories Employment Appraisal Counseling Disciplinary Persuasive
Types Layered Questions Interview
• Series of questions designed to gather information about the “Three Employer Concerns”
April 8, 2023 4
TYPES OF INTERVIEWS Performance/Role Play Interview
• Candidate role-plays job functions to assess specific skills
Stress Interview• Intended to put candidate under
stress and assess reactions Informal Interview
• Intended to get the candidate to reveal more information than they might otherwise
April 8, 2023 5
TYPES OF INTERVIEWS Reverse Role Interview
• The candidate becomes the interviewer
Assessment Instruments Interview• Various types of techniques are used
to determine if candidate is a good fit Combination Interview
• A combination of two or more interviews
April 8, 2023 6
MODES OF INTERVIEWING
Telephone Screenings On-Campus Interview On-Site Interview Off-Site Interview Third Party Facility Visit
April 8, 2023 7
Planning The Interview
Purpose Information Gathering Structure Possible Questions Plan physical setting Anticipate problem
April 8, 2023 8
CONDUCTING THE INTERVIEW
Opening Body
Interviewer’s role Respondent’s role
Closing
April 8, 2023 9
THREE EMPLOYER CONCERNS Skill Concerns
• Can you do the job? Personal Characteristics Concerns
• Will you do the job?• Will you get along well with others?• Are you manageable?
Money Concerns• Can the company afford you?
April 8, 2023 10
Before the Interview:
Research
Rehearse
Relax
April 8, 2023 11
Research:
The workplace-the physical setting
The companyThe nature of the businessThe company culture and philosophy
The management style The name(s) of the interviewer(s)The location and how to get there
April 8, 2023 12
Rehearse:
The questions the interviewer might ask
The features and benefits you bringThe stories or evidence that prove you can address the employer’s needs
The physical aspects of the interview-your handshake, your body language, your attire
April 8, 2023 13
During the Interview
Be on time or a few minutes early Call if you will be detained Dress appropriately- conservatively
for the first meeting Be professional and courteous with
everyone you meet in the office, especially the receptionist
Make a good first impression Show the interviewer that you are
the perfect fit
April 8, 2023 14
During the Interview
Professional and firm handshake SMILE Maintain eye contact Positive attitude and confidence Enthusiasm and a good posture Focus on skills / accomplishments /
success stories Active listening is the key - make
sure you understand the reason for the question
April 8, 2023 15
During the Interview
Ask for clarifications and / or paraphrase the question to make sure you know what the interviewer means
Refrain from criticizing others (including your past employer / workplace
Thank the interviewer and arrange a follow-up
April 8, 2023 16
After the Interview
ReviewAssess how you didWhat questions you answered
wellWhich responses need
improvementFill in interview checklist
RelaxDo something pleasurable
April 8, 2023 17
POST INTERVIEW ACTIONS
Follow-up Communications• Oral and written
Position Acceptance/Rejection• Oral and written
Human Resources Organization• Do not circumnavigate them unless
you have prior approval from them
April 8, 2023 18
ETHICS OF INTERVIEWING Guidelines for the Interviewer
Don’t make unrealistic promises Don’t reveal confidential information Don’t ask illegal question Don’t be overbearing Don’t be overfriendly
Guidelines for the respondent Don’t be dishonest Don’t waste interviewer’s time
GROUP COMMUNICATION
& EFFECTIVE MEETING
April 8, 2023 20
Characteristics of Groups
Groups Range in size from 3 to 15 people.
Members know each other by name or role.
There is a considerable amount of interaction.
Members are interdependent. Common goals, interests, benefits
of membership are shared within the group.
April 8, 2023 21
ROLES - Group Communication
Effective groups establish cohesiveness and norms.
Roles (Every member plays at least one role). Task Roles
Information agent: offers facts and asks for input
Elaborator: offers further clarification Personal Roles
Harmonizer: smoothes over tension in the group
Gatekeeper: controls communication channels
Problem RolesBlocker: negative and stubbornly resistant
behaviorAvoider: displays noninvolvement in the
group
April 8, 2023 22
FACTORS AFFECTING GROUP COMMUNICATION
SIZE Longevity Leadership Self-concept Status
April 8, 2023 23
PROCESS
Orientation Stage Conflict stage Emergence stage Reinforcement stage
April 8, 2023 24
Styles of Decision Making
Authoritarian Two situations call for this style:Crisis situations Lack of group knowledge
There are major disadvantages to this method.
April 8, 2023 25
Styles of Decision Making
• Laissez-Faire Decision Making
–Valuable time and resources can be lost.
–This group operates without guidance from a designated leader.
April 8, 2023 26
Styles of Decision making
Participative:The leader makes decisions with the group.
Benefits are noted from research:Members are more committed to outcomes.
Quality of decisions is improved.Limitations revolve around time issues and perceptions of the leader’s expertise.
April 8, 2023 27
EFFECTIVE MEETINGS
April 8, 2023 28
ANSWERE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
Why Which Who Where When
April 8, 2023 29
THINGS TO REMEMBER Notice Agenda Minutes Opening Execution Conclusion Follow-up
April 8, 2023 30
Types of Meetings
• Informational (or instructional) meeting
– formal
– informal
• Problem-solving and decision-making meetings
Change Facilitating Meetings•
April 8, 2023 31
Plan a Meeting
“The P3 Model”
April 8, 2023 32
Plan a Meeting
Plan the meeting prior to its assembly using the “N.E.A.T.E.R.” acronym.
Plan
a
Meeting
Expectations
Agenda
Time
Extra Resources
Nature
EffectiveMeeting
EffectiveMeeting
April 8, 2023 33
FOLLOW - UP
Making, Organizing and Presenting the Speech
April 8, 2023 35
Getting Started What is being requested of me? Logistics of the event
WhereTravel PlansSchedule Travel Times
WhenPlan on arriving at least 30 minutes
early for set up Are there other speakers? You may need to coordinate.
Equipment AvailableLCD, Microphone, Extra Handouts, etc.
April 8, 2023 36
Remember
Purpose What is the goal of this speech?
InformChange MindsAcademic Etc.
April 8, 2023 37
PURPOSE
Informative Persuasive Entertaining
April 8, 2023 38
ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE
Age Sex Occupation Intelligence Background Culture
April 8, 2023 39
Research the Topic and Audience
Grasp the Objective When requested to speak, be sure to make sure that your understanding of the topic is THEIR understanding of the topic.
Research the topic thoroughly. This helps prepare for questions.
Interview the inviter if necessary
April 8, 2023 40
Research the Topic and Audience Know the audience
Formal – (First Impressions Count!)
InformalStudentsAudit Committee
Understand the Type of SpeechPersuasive, Informative, Demonstrative, Commemorative(remember), Other
April 8, 2023 41
Methods of Speaking
Using Manuscript Memory Impromptu Extemporaneous
April 8, 2023 42
Organizing Structures The Introduction The Body
Chronological pattern Spatial Pattern Causal order Topical pattern
The conclusion
April 8, 2023 43
Draft the Presentation
Outline the Major Points Introduction (Tell them what you are going to say)
Body (Tell them) Conclusion (Tell them what you told them)
Build in the Detail within each major point
Make the presentation appropriate for the audience
Once “completed”, set it down for 48 hours, then revisit.
Have someone else review it if appropriate.
April 8, 2023 44
April 8, 2023 45
Present
Dress Appropriately Use the restroom immediately
before presentingMake sure you are healthy.
Postpone if you are ill (if possible).
Make sure your language is appropriate
Start with a story or an appropriate joke. This draws in the audience.
April 8, 2023 46
Present (Continued)
Expect to be a bit nervousBe sure to meet with the meeting’s “chairman” so they know you are there.
Check to make sure equipment works and is available
Have paper copies as a backup
April 8, 2023 47
Present (Continued)
If you make a mistake, laugh at yourself, make the correction, then move forward.
Avoid jargon. Avoid overuse of acronyms. Interject interesting information to
“keep” your audienceMoneyAnecdotal Stories
Take off your watch, but place it where you can see it. Watch your time.
April 8, 2023 48
Present (Continued)
Address your audience, not your shoes or the slides.
Speak clearly and slowly and with appropriate volumeNote : If a Microphone is provided, use it. Sometimes presentations are recorded or off-site people will not be able to hear unless you speak through the microphone.
End conclusively!
April 8, 2023 49
Persuasive Speech
Problem – solution order Motivated Sequence Deductive and inductive structures
April 8, 2023 50
How To make Speech effective
Supporting Idea Illustration Statistics Expert Testimony Analogies Anecdotes (real life characters), Fables
(animals), Parables(fictitious stories)
April 8, 2023 51
How To make Speech effective
Visual AidsUsing Right Medium
HandoutsBoardsFlip chartsOHPSlidesComputersVideotapes, audiotapes, films etcModels & Physical objects
April 8, 2023 52
Improve your skills
After the presentation, think about how well you did.
Look for areas of improvement.
Keep a “library” of presentations that you can use for the future along with notes of what went well / not well.