PowerPoint Presentation

An Introduction to Linux

Presented by Dave Bingham

Who Am I?

Dave Bingham

IT Team Leader @ Scotiabank

p/t Comp-Sci lecturer at Centennial College

CESO volunteer e-Gov initiative in the Philippines

Road Map (part 1)

What is Linux, why is it free?

Setting up the computer

Starting the computer

Logging in

Short questions, and re-wind me throughout the presentation, longer save to q&a at end

Road Map (part 2)

Working with Open Office

Ubuntu games

Shutting the machine down

Sources of Help

Questions

Wrap-up

Free software - a Quick History

At the dawn of time, all software was free - MIT

The free software movement RMS

Free as in speech, not as in beer

Compare & contrast with Microsoft & Apple

From Wikipedia: Richard Stallman ... it is the user's purpose that matters, not the developer's purpose; you as a user are free to run the program for yourpurposes, and if you distribute it to someone else, she is then free to run it for her purposes, but you arenot entitled to impose your purposes on her.

Linux a Quick History

Started by Linus Torvalds in 1991

Wanted a PC O/S he could study, change, understand, freely share, and not have to pay for

So, he did that Linux (Unix + Linus) was the result

Many people collaborated the Intertubes

Hundreds of versions of Linux available tailored to many needs. (PCs, large computers, phones, etc.)

e.g. Where is it used hospitals, Google, 60% of all web servers, etc.

Linus' post on comp.os.minix, announcing linux

Hello everybody out there using minix -I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. This has been brewing since april, and is starting to get ready. I'd like any feedback on things people like/dislike in minix, as my OS resembles it somewhat (same physical layout of the file-system (due to practical reasons) among other things).I've currently ported bash(1.08) and gcc(1.40), and things seem to work. This implies that I'll get something practical within a few months, and I'd like to know what features most people would want. Any suggestions are welcome, but I won't promise I'll implement them :-)

Linus (torvalds@kruuna.helsinki.fi)PS. Yes it's free of any minix code, and it has a multi-threaded fs. It is NOT portable (uses 386 task switching etc), and it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as that's all I have :-(.

What is Ubuntu?

One of the most popular distributions

Easy to use, good for non-techies

Produced by Canonical Limited

Makes money on consulting / support services

Founded by Mark Shuttleworth from South Africa, dot-com millionaire who's been to the Space Station

Why Linux ?

Money

Hardware costs

Software cost

Time

No more BSOD

Freedom

--my students and Excel templates EULA : you do NOT own the template, it is licensed to you.If your MOBO burns out & you install another in your PC, MS considers that a brand new PC requiring a new license.No more BSOD, not so prevalent in Windows 7, however, consider security (Sony root kit) & spam zombies.

What is a Linux Distribution?

Often shortened to Distro

Contains the operating system (the Linux kernel)

A set of libraries and utilities

Graphics support from the X Window System

A large collection of software applications such as word processors, spreadsheets, media players, and database applications

First view of linux -

Deciding on a Distribution

According to Distrowatch.com, the top 5 ranked distributions are currently:

1. Ubuntu2. Linux Mint3. Fedora4. Debian5. OpenSuse

First view of linux -

Ubuntu 10.04

Linux Mint 10

Fedora

Debian 6

OpenSUSE 11.4

Getting started

2 ways to start off: a Linux disk, or

download it (e.g. WUBI)

IF BY DISK insert disk, restart PC

Live CD or install linux

Try Live-CD first. Runs in RAM does NOT touch any hard-drives. The Live CD should detect & install all your hardware, if it can't, find another distribution.WUBI is an executable that you copy from the Live-CD to your Windows drive. It runs as a virtual machine (like VM-ware) inside windows, does not impact any windows o/s

Hard disks and partitioning

Help! Where is my C: drive???

According to Linux naming conventions, the entire first hard drive is called /dev/hda.

Partitions on this drive are identified by increasing numbers. So the four primary partitions of the disk are called /dev/hda1, /dev/hda2, /dev/hda3 and /dev/hda4

File systems and partitioning

Linux enables you to set up other operating systems on the same machine and to choose the one from which to boot. This is known as dual booting.

To do this, you must have separate partitions for each operating system, e.g. Linux and Windows 7.

Navigating the Desktop

Ubuntu uses two bars called panels 1 on top and 1 on bottom.

On the top panel there are three menu areas:

ApplicationsPlacesSystem

Applications Menu

If you hover your mouse over Office you will find OpenOffice:

SpreadsheetWord ProcessorDatabasePresentation

Open Office Org ultimate licence is owned by Oracle Corporation. Recently, a large group of developers became dissatisfied with the direction Oracle was taking. They left the project, and started a new office suit called Libre Office. This has been designated as the default office suite earmarked for the next release of Ubuntu. The developers promised a ribbon (similar to MS-office) within two years.

If you hover your mouse over Internet you will find browsers, chat and social networking clients

Internet Applications

Sound and Video Applications

If you hover your mouse over Sound & Video you will find:

Brasero Disc burner

Movie Player
(for DVDs / videos)

Rhythmbox
music player

At the bottom of the Applications menu you'll find Ubuntu Software Centre. This will install or remove programs.

Installing new applications

To install software, search for what you want to install, then press the Install button.

Places Menu

Nautilus is the file manager used in Ubuntu. Selecting the Home option will display your Home directory.

Selecting the Computer option will show you all your drives and directories on the computer.

System Menu

In the System menu you will see Preferences and Administration as well as Help and Support. Here you can tweak your overall system.

Surf the Web with Firefox

To the right of the System menu is the Firefox web browser icon. Click on the icon
to start the browser.

Bottom Panel

The bottom panel has four applets by default.

The left one is an applet that will minimize all applications and show you the desktop.

Window list applet lists all your open applications.

Next is the Workspace switcher (two by default, although you can have more) Instead of having 6 windows open on your desktop, you can have 3 on each desktop, less clutter.

Games

From a Linux forum: Linux sucks! I can't play a Windows game_X on Linux.

Workarounds: Wine, PlayOnLinux

A range of free games available in every genre.

Some commercial games available, such as:

Doom 3

Quake 4

Unreal Tournament

Wine will attempt to emulate MS O/SPlayOnLinux is an application to ease the installation of Windows games using Wine. It uses an online database of scripts to apply to different games that need special configurations

Shutting the Machine Down

The button in the Top left corner

Also for restart and fast user switching

Sources of Help

Greater Toronto Area Linux User Group:
2nd Tuesday of each month:www.gtalug.org

Online Official and Community Help:

help.ubuntu.comwww.ubuntu.com/support/communityAskUbuntu.comubuntuforums.orgGoogle

Questions

Any questions?

The End

Thank You

Thanks to Colin McGregor for the initial version of these slides.Thanks to FreeGeek, Planet Geek and SocialTechToronto

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