Voice box is situated at a Larynx. It acts as:

• organ for voice production

• continuation of airway passage to the lung

• Prevent food from coming to the lungs

EPIDIEMIOLOGY World wide– laryngeal cancer is the second most common head and neck cancer In Malaysia-incidence of laryngeal cancer 1:1 per 100000 population Statistically, laryngeal cancer predominantly occur in male, predominantly among Chinese, followed by Malay and Indian.

INTRODUCTIONOFLARYNGEALCARCINOMA

INVESTIGATIONS

a. Laryngoscope examination in clinic

b. Tissue Biopsy for confirmation of diagnosis taken under Local or general anaesthesia.

RISK FACTORS

1)Smoking 2 ) Chronic alcohol consumption

3) other risk factors •Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16 &18

•Family history of head and neck cancer •Occupational exposures e.g asbestos

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Presence of the below symptoms for more than 2 weeks - Change in voice - Persistent cough with saliva mixed with blood -Airway obstruction - Bad breath - Difficulty in swallowing - Lump in the neck - Loss of weight

CANCER OF VOICE BOX

c. Imaging studies

• CT SCAN

• MRI

• PET SCAN

TREATMENT Depend on stage of the disease Early Stage: Minimally invasive surgery / Radiotherapy Late Stage :Total Laryngectomy & Radiotherapy Chemotherapy will be given to more advance disease.

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Do you know ? Early stage of carcinoma larynx does not have prominent signs and symptoms. Early detection and treatment can improve prognosis

REHABILITATION AFTER LARYNGECTOMY When the voice box was removed, patient will breathe through an open tracheal stoma. Voice can be reproduced through:

a. Oesophageal speech b. Prosthesis through trachea-oesophageal

puncture c. Electrolarynx

Electrolarynx

Healthy lifestyle can prevent the incidence of voice box cancer. Early detection of cancer can save your voice box.

Total laryngectomy speciment