Introduction to Bio-Engineering

HSSP 2402

Leigh Casadaban

and Alina Gatowski

Introductory Stuff

• Basic info

• Ice-Breaking

• learning

• Basic info

• Ice-Breaking

• learning

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What is Bioengineering?

Course 20 says…

• “ biological engineering, at least as it’s viewed at MIT, is the discipline of using engineering principles and quantitative measurements to be able to both understand and engineer biological systems and molecules.”

• “ biological engineering, at least as it’s viewed at MIT, is the discipline of using engineering principles and quantitative measurements to be able to both understand and engineer biological systems and molecules.”

Engineering + Biology (and Medicine)

• Anything that involves technology and engineering applied to living systems

• Not just designing medical devices (Biomedical engineering)

• Anything that involves technology and engineering applied to living systems

• Not just designing medical devices (Biomedical engineering)

Specialty Areas

• Biological Imaging and Functional Measurement • Biomaterials• Biomolecular Engineering• Cell and Tissue Engineering• Computational Modeling of Biological and Physiological

Systems• Discovery and Delivery of Molecular Therapeutics• Infectious Disease and Immunology• Molecular, Cell and Tissue Biomechanics• Molecular Epidemiology• Nanoscale Engineering of Biological Systems• Synthetic Biology

• Biological Imaging and Functional Measurement • Biomaterials• Biomolecular Engineering• Cell and Tissue Engineering• Computational Modeling of Biological and Physiological

Systems• Discovery and Delivery of Molecular Therapeutics• Infectious Disease and Immunology• Molecular, Cell and Tissue Biomechanics• Molecular Epidemiology• Nanoscale Engineering of Biological Systems• Synthetic Biology

But what does all this mean??

To the internet!

• http://tiny.cc/d6ODL • http://parts2.mit.edu/wiki/index.ph

p/MIT_2006• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=n0UzdYRnMtY

• http://tiny.cc/d6ODL • http://parts2.mit.edu/wiki/index.ph

p/MIT_2006• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=n0UzdYRnMtY

Why these examples are relevantSchmeat• Tissue Engineering

• “Applies the principles of engineering and the life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function” -Prof. Robert Langer

• Tissue Engineering• “Applies the principles of engineering

and the life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function” -Prof. Robert Langer

Why these examples are relevant

iGEM• iGEM addresses the question: Can simple biological systems be built from standard, interchangeable parts and operated in living cells? Or is biology simply too complicated to be engineered in this way?

• Engineer biological devices• Bio Bricks• Registry of Standard Biological Parts

• iGEM addresses the question: Can simple biological systems be built from standard, interchangeable parts and operated in living cells? Or is biology simply too complicated to be engineered in this way?

• Engineer biological devices• Bio Bricks• Registry of Standard Biological Parts

Why these examples are relevant

GFP mouse• Nobel Prize 2008!• In vivo marker

• Nobel Prize 2008!• In vivo marker

What kind of stuff do we need to know?

• The internet again:

http://xkcd.com/435/

• The internet again:

http://xkcd.com/435/

Scientific Foundations

• Biochemistry• Organic Chemistry• Genetics • Cell Biology• Thermodynamics• Biomechanics• Programming• + Math, Physics, etc.

• Biochemistry• Organic Chemistry• Genetics • Cell Biology• Thermodynamics• Biomechanics• Programming• + Math, Physics, etc.

What We’ll be talking about

• Biochemistry

• The study of life in its chemical processes

• Chemistry, applied to life

• Biochemistry

• The study of life in its chemical processes

• Chemistry, applied to life

What do you think this means?or

What do you know about biochemistry?

why biochemistry is important

• Do you recognize this?• Do you recognize this?

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why biochemistry is important

• How about this?• How about this?

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Biochemistry II- Proteins

• Structure isn’t just important for DNA…

• How do we go from this…

• Structure isn’t just important for DNA…

• How do we go from this…

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Biochemistry II- Proteins

• To this…

• Structure = Function

• To this…

• Structure = Function

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Genetics

Why is it important?or

What do you know?

Why is it important?or

What do you know?

What is genetics, and why do bioengineers care?

• At MIT…

• The topics include: structure and function of genes, chromosomes and genomes, biological variation resulting from recombination, mutation, and selection, population genetics, use of genetic methods to analyze protein function, gene regulation and inherited disease.

• At MIT…

• The topics include: structure and function of genes, chromosomes and genomes, biological variation resulting from recombination, mutation, and selection, population genetics, use of genetic methods to analyze protein function, gene regulation and inherited disease.

Why is Genetics Important(for bioengineers)?

• Remember GFP mouse? And the scented E. Coli?

• Bioengineers use genetic tools like transgenic mice

• An underlying understanding of the genetic machinery is key

• Remember GFP mouse? And the scented E. Coli?

• Bioengineers use genetic tools like transgenic mice

• An underlying understanding of the genetic machinery is key

Thermodynamics

What is It?What is It?

Thermodynamics for Bioengineers

• http://tiny.cc/LPqzj • Wikipedia says… “the study of the

conversion of energy into work and heat and its relation to macroscopic variables such as temperature and pressure.”

• But why is this relevant for us?

• http://tiny.cc/LPqzj • Wikipedia says… “the study of the

conversion of energy into work and heat and its relation to macroscopic variables such as temperature and pressure.”

• But why is this relevant for us?

Thermodynamics for Bioengineers

• Protein folding (Levinthal’s paradox)

• DNA binding- cooperativity

• Protein folding (Levinthal’s paradox)

• DNA binding- cooperativity

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Programming in Python

What do you think programming actually is??

What do you think programming actually is??

Programming in Python

• Solving problems with the help of a computers

• How to think analytically• Learn a new language!

• Solving problems with the help of a computers

• How to think analytically• Learn a new language!

Other Topics

• Biomechanics and Fluid Dynamics

• Electromagnetic Forces

• Biomechanics and Fluid Dynamics

• Electromagnetic Forces