INTRODUCTION TO FLORAL DESIGN

OBJECTIVES• Define florist

• Identify occasions for which floral products are purchased

• Identify products and services florists provide

• Explain the function of different types of florists

WHAT IS A FLORIST?

• A florist is a person or a business dealing with arranging and merchandising flowers and floral products.

FOR WHAT OCCASIONS DO PEOPLE PURCHASE

FLOWERS?

BIRTHDAYS

WEDDINGS

GET WELL, HOSPITAL, ETC…

MOTHER’S DAY

VALENTINE’S DAY

PROMS

FUNERALS

BANQUETS

JUST BECAUSE…

WHAT PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE OFFERED BY

FLORISTS?

CENTERPIECES

GIFTS

POTTED PLANTS

FUNERAL PIECES:WREATHS, SPRAYS, OTHER

ITEMS

NOVELTY ARRANGEMENTS

HOLIDAY WREATHS AND SWAGS

VASE ARRANGEMENTS

HAND-HELD FLOWERS ANDARM BOUQUETS

BALOONS, SILK PLANTS, FLOWERS, ETC…

Types of shops include:

WHOLESALE FLORIST• Link between the grower and the retail

florist

• The wholesaler purchases flowers and supplies from growers and suppliers around the world and sells to local retail shops.

WHOLESALE FLORIST

•Wholesalers also supply plants, giftware, containers etc.

RETAIL FLORIST

• Most retail shops are full service

• A full service shop offers regular and special delivery, set-ups for special events, charge accounts and wire service.

RETAIL FLORIST• A retail florist purchases

materials from wholesale growers, suppliers, and florists and sell directly to customers

• Products and services sold include fresh flowers, blooming plants, balloons, novelty giftware, and silk and dried arrangements.

SPECIALTY RETAIL SHOP – • Targets a specific need in the market by

specializing in one segment of the industry

• These types of shops would specialize in things such as weddings or potted plants.

• Many times they are located adjacent to a business that provides similar services.

CASH AND CARRY SHOPS

• Offer a wide variety of flowers by the stem or bunch.

• Generally do not offer design services.

• Are often located in high traffic areas such as inside a mall or on the street.

SPECIALTY FLORIST

• Concentrates on specialty areas such as party work and weddings

• May operate out of a warehouse or home without a storefront.

• Most sales are made by appointment or at the customer’s home or business.

MASS-MARKET FLORIST

• Located in and associated with other businesses such as groceries and chain stores

• Offer fresh arrangements, potted plants, balloons, flowers and stem, and novelty pieces

• Usually do not offer delivery or custom design• These florists usually depend on unplanned

purchases

Now a little about plants and flowers

• Plant - Multi-cellular organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis

• Flowers – reproductive structure on plants.– Serve as site of reproduction.– Storage of food. (examples: grain, fruits, nuts)– Pollination

Two main plant types

• Plants can be classified based upon physiology, and by the way they grow.

• We will look at both.

What is a cotyledon?

• This is the first seed leaves to appear as the seed germinates. Also known as seed leaves.

Monocots and Dicots

• Monocots

1- One cotyledon

2- Leaves-parallel venation

3- Stems-vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem

4- Flower parts in multiples of 3

5- Fibrous root system

• Dicots

1- Two cotyledons

2- Leaves-netted venation

3- Stems-bundles arranged in a ring

4- Flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5

5- Taproot system

Annuals, biennials, Perennials

• Annuals – complete their life cycle in one season.

Examples: Marigold, Petunias, and many more!

Biennials –complete their life cycle in two seasons. (first season vegetative growth,

second season reproduce)

• Examples: Holly Hocks, Fox Glove

Perennials

• Plants that grow year after year.

Examples: Roses, Shasta Daisy

Plant Classification

-a means of grouping plants according to their

similarities

Botanical System of Classification

• 7 Categories

Botanical System of Classification

• 1. Kingdom• 2. Division or Phylum• 3. Class

–Subclass

Botanical System of Classification

• 4. Order

• 5. Family

• 6. Genus

• 7. Species

Botanical System of Classification

• Why do we need this?–-clearly id’s plants

–Universal

Process Of Photosynthesis

C02+ H2O + sunlight = sugar (C6H12O6)+O2

(occurs in the presence of chloroplasts)

Process Of RespirationSugar (C6H12O6) + O2= CO2 + H2O

(releases energy)

Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration

• Photosynthesis1- A building process (+)2- Sugars manufactured3- CO2 is consumed4- Oxygen is given off5-Requires light6-Only takes place in cell

containing chlorophyll7- Sugar is the end product

• Respiration

1-A destruction process (-)

2- Sugars consumed

3- C02 is given off

4-Oxygen is consumed

5- Goes on day and night

6-Carried on in all cells

7-Energy produced for plant functions is the product

Plant Vegetative Structures

• Roots

• Stems

• Leaves

FRUIT- is the fertilized, developed ovary (fleshy portion of the fruit)

Seed- is the matured ovule

Parts of a flowerParts of a flower

Flower Anatomy - MaleFlower Anatomy - Male StamenStamen: Male : Male

part of flowerpart of flower FilamentFilament: Stalk-: Stalk-

like object in the like object in the stamen that holds stamen that holds up antherup anther

AntherAnther: Sack-: Sack-like structure that like structure that contains pollen.contains pollen.

The Pistil

• Located in the center

of the flower• Female part• Produces female sex

cells (eggs or ovules)• If fertilized, the eggs

become seeds

Parts of the Pistil

• 3 main parts:– Stigma – sticky,

catches the pollen

– Style – tube that leads to the ovary

– Ovary – eggs develop here, after fertilization the ovary grows to become a fruit or seed coat

Flower Anatomy – Flower Anatomy – Female cont.Female cont.

OvaryOvary: Female : Female reproductive organ reproductive organ

Ovule:Ovule: Reproductive cell Reproductive cell which becomes the which becomes the seed when fertilized seed when fertilized by pollen.by pollen.

Flower Anatomy – neither male Flower Anatomy – neither male or femaleor female

PetalsPetals: Colorful : Colorful leaf-like structures leaf-like structures that attract that attract animals and animals and insectsinsects

CalyxCalyx: When : When all sepals are all sepals are fused togetherfused together

Petals

• Are actually leaves

• Generally the most striking part of the flower

• Bright colors are used to attract insects for pollination

SepalsSepals: Green : Green leaves that leaves that protect flower protect flower before it opensbefore it opens

Peduncle:Peduncle: Stem Stem

Flower Anatomy – neither male Flower Anatomy – neither male or femaleor female

The Sepals• Green, leaf

like parts of the flower that cover and protect the flower bud before it is open

Objective 1.4List and explain the different

types of flowers.• Complete• Incomplete

FlowersFlowers Flower Types:Flower Types:

Perfect FlowerPerfect Flower: Has both male and female : Has both male and female partsparts

Imperfect FlowerImperfect Flower: Flower that is missing : Flower that is missing either male or female partseither male or female parts

Complete FlowerComplete Flower: Flowers that have sepals, : Flowers that have sepals, petals, pistils, and stamenspetals, pistils, and stamens

FlowersFlowers Flower Types:Flower Types:

Incomplete FlowersIncomplete Flowers: When flower is missing sepals, : When flower is missing sepals, petals, pistils, or stamen.petals, pistils, or stamen.

Imperfect Flowers are always incomplete.Imperfect Flowers are always incomplete.

Incomplete flowers may or may not be imperfectIncomplete flowers may or may not be imperfect

Complete Flower

Complete Flower