introduction to project citizen

8/12/2019 Introduction to Project Citizen

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Understand the Philippine politicalsystem

Know the goals of the Project Citizenprogram

Explain the concepts of the Philippine

political system and its implications Explain and evaluate the goals of Project

Citizen


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As citizens in a representativedemocracy, we not only have the right

but also the responsibility to participatein our own governance at every level -from barangay to the nation


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Democracyis not a

machine

that would

go of itself
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Old_Regime_and_the_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_in_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_philosophyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_people


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"The Philippines is a democratic,republican state.

Sovereignty resides in the peopleand all government authority

emanates from them. "


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is a complex system of government. Theword democracy comes from the Greek

words "Demos" (people) and "Kratein"(power) ...

"a government of, for and by thepeople".


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Process of choosing other citizens

to serve in government


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comes from the same root as "liberty".

Liberalism believes in securing the

freedom of individuals from any forcethat seeks to limit it this includesgovernment

Liberalism also is a firm belief in the

individual capacity to develop. The Bill of Rights (Article III in the

Constitution) is a manifestation of ourliberal orientation.


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The central feature of a presidentialsystem is the separation of powers

among three co-equal branches ofgovernment

Principle of Check and Balance


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Legislative Department Executive Department Jucidial Department

Congress

-Senate of thePhilippines (23 members)

-House ofRepresentatives(287 member)

President andthe Vice-President

(Departments, RegionalOfficers, Bureaus and

other agencies)

Review CourtsSupreme CourtCourt of Appeals

Trial Courts Regional Trial Court

Provincial Regional Trial CourtMetro Manila Regional Trial CourtMetropolitan Trial CourtMunicipal Trial CourtMunicipal Circuit Trial Court

Special CourtsCourt of Tax AppealsSandiganbayan

In charge of making laws

(Article VI)

In charge in implementing

the laws

In charge of interpreting thelaws

Supreme Court (Chief Justice

and 14 Associate Justices)
http://www.lawphil.net/courts/supreme/supreme.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/appeals/appeals.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/prtc/prtc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/mrtc/mrtc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/metropoltc/metropoltc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/muntc/muntc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/mctc/mctc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/taxappls/taxappls.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/sandigan/sandigan.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/sandigan/sandigan.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/taxappls/taxappls.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/mctc/mctc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/muntc/muntc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/metropoltc/metropoltc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/mrtc/mrtc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/prtc/prtc.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/appeals/appeals.htmlhttp://www.lawphil.net/courts/supreme/supreme.html


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refers to the way our democracy ismanaged. The word republic comes

from Latin phrase "res publica" or "publicthings" and ii refers to indirect rulethrough representatives.


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refers to the adherence to a systembased on an impartial and objective rule

of law. It refers to our belief in theConstitution as the highest law of theland, and that this law reigns supreme.


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1987 Preamble Article 1 Territory

Article II Declaration of Principles and State Principles

Article III Bill of Rights

Article IV Citizenship

Article V Suffrage

Article VI Legislative Department

Article VII Executive Department

Article VIII Judicial Department

Article IX Constitutional Commissions

Article X Local Government

Article XI Accountability of Public Officers Article XII National Economy and Patrimony

Article XIII Social Justice and Human Rights

Article XIV Education, Science &Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports

Article XV The Family

Article XVI General

Article XVII Amendments or RevisionsTransitory Provisions
http://www.chanrobles.com/preamble.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article1.htm/http://www.chanrobles.com/article2.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article3.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article4.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article5suffrage.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article6.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article7.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article8.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article9.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article10.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article11.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article12.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article13.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article14.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article15family.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article16.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article17.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article18.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article18.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article18.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article18.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article17.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article17.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article16.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article15family.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article14.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article13.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article12.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article11.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article10.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article9.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article8.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article7.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article6.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article5suffrage.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article4.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article3.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article2.htmhttp://www.chanrobles.com/article1.htm/http://www.chanrobles.com/preamble.htm


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is the system of government that has onenational government. We only have one

central government, with most of thedecision-making and policyimplementation powers.

The Philippine unitary system however isa DECENTRALIZED one.


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This means that the national governmenthas given some of its powers to the

different local government units wehave. However. our local governmentshave only limited powers, whencompared to the state governments in

countries such as the United States orIndia, which are federal governments.


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Section 1. The territorial and politicalsubdivisions of the Republic of the

Philippines are the provinces, cities,municipalities, and barangays. Thereshall be autonomous regions in MuslimMindanao and the Cordilleras as

hereinafter provided.


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Regions17

Provinces80Cities148

Municipalities1,491

Barangays42, 028


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Thus, we can say that the Philippinesgovernment is a constitutional, liberal,

democratic and republican systemwith a presidential and unitary butdecentralized structure.


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states that those things which can bedone at the lower levels must be allowed

to take place there. The higher levelsshould focus on broader issues.


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Deconcentration

Devolution

Debureacratization or Privatization


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refers to the decentralization ofadministrative functions of national

government, down to the local levels.This refers to the establishment ofdifferent offices closer to the people torun the affairs of government.


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the transfer of political powers to the localgovernments.

Some of these powers include the power to imposetaxes, as well as regulatory powers such as:

a. Inspection of food products for public consumptionb. Enforcement of the National Building Codec. Regulation of the operation of tricycles

d. Regulation of real estate and other businessese. The establishment of cockpits and the regulation ofcockfights

f. Reclassification of agricultural lands


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refers to the transfer of powers andfunctions from the government to non-governmental bodies. These include thebusiness sector, civil society, and evenindividual citizens.

When government hires the business

sector to implement its programs, orwhen it sells certain governmentproperty, this is what is calledprivatization


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The Local Government Code establishes localspecial bodies to help advise the locallegislators in the councils (sanggunian) to spurlocal development.

These are:

a. The Local Council Development

b. The Local School Board

c. The Local Health Board

d. The Local Peace and Order Council

e. The Local Pre-Qualification, Bids and Awards


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The private or business sector is c partnerin local development. They can help in

service delivery when government hiresthem (to collect garbage for example),as well as the development of localbusinesses.

CIVIL SOCIETY is that part of societywhere people of the same interestsband together to pursue common goals.


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is an approach for education indemocracy.

It trains high school students in seekingpublic policy interventions to solvecommunity problems

It is an international program for

increasing the democratic participation,political efficacy, and civic engagementlevels of students at the middle and highschool levels


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It is an approach that systematically trains theteacher-moderators in embedding education fordemocracy in the classroom, while simultaneouslyproviding a venue for students to participate in

community problem solving and applying theirlessons in citizenship in real life.

It is education for democratic citizenship by teachingstudents to monitor and influence public policy. It is

an interdisciplinary instructional program foradolescents that focuses on local government,applies learning to real world issues and usescooperative Learning.


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The primary goal of the program is todevelop in students a commitment toactive citizenship and governance by

providing the knowledge and skillsrequired for effective citizenship,providing practical experience designedto foster a sense of competence andefficacy and developing anunderstanding of the importance ofcitizen participation .


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hopes that the experiences and learningit fosters will encourage students to take

an active role In the political life of theircommunity (i.e. the barangay), city, andthe country.

to help students improve their capacities

' to participate competently andresponsibly in the Philippine politicalsystem.


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conduct research on the problem

identify alternative solutions to the problemand weigh their advantages and

disadvantages propose a solution to the problem that

requires governmental action and does notviolate provisions of the constitution

propose an action plan to influence theappropriate governmental agencies toconsider or adopt you r solution to theproblem


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Once these tasks are completed, they willrecord the results of their work on a portfolioand in a documentation binder. Then they

will take part in a simulated public hearingin which they win present the results of theirwork to a panel of public and/or privatesphere representatives of their community.

Students may also actively try to getgovernment officials to consider or adoptthe solutions to problems that they haveproposed .


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Have the students work with one or twoother students to develop answers to the

following questions. They must beprepared to present and discuss theiranswers with the entire group.


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Give examples from the Philippine political system of each ofthe concepts that you have studied. What other terms orconcepts might you use to describe the Philippine politicalsystem?

What might be the advantages or disadvantages of each ofthe five concepts in protecting the rights of individuals?

In our republican system, the citizens have assigned theirrepresentatives to make most of the decisions in order to run

government. Why, then, should ordinary people stillparticipate in their government? Should they have the rightnot to participate? Explain.

If individuals wish to participate, what tools do they need to

participate competently and responsibly?


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1. To what extent, if any, do citizens havea responsibility to take part in the civic

life of their community? Explain youranswers.

a. no responsibility

b. some responsibility

c. a large responsibility

d. a very large responsibility


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2. To what extent, if any, do citizens havea responsibility participate in the public

policy-making processes at the localand national levels? Explain youranswer.

a. no responsibility

b. some responsibility

c. a large responsibility

d. a very large responsibility


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3. What can citizens do to monitor andinfluence the development and

implementation of public policy in theircommunity?

4. How can citizens gain access togovernmental agencies in thebarangay, city, and the national level?


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5. In what ways can the voluntary

organizations of civil society participate in

the formulation and, in some instances, in

the implementation of public policy?

6. What might be some consequences of an

individual deciding not to participate incivic life? What might be the

consequences if large numbers of

individuals do not participate in civic life?


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Understand the term public policy and

the role of public policy in the

government Evaluate, make a stand and defend

positions on which part of society maybe best suited to deal with problems

Explain the role of public policy indealing with common problems ofsociety


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This is the part of society in which familyand friends associate to pursue their

private interests within the law, free ofunreasonable and unfair intrusion bygovarnment


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This is the part of society where peopieassociate or interact voluntarily to pursueinterests they share, They may do so as

individuals or as members of social,economiC, or political associations ororganizations, Although theseassociations and organizations operatewithin legal iimits, participation in them isnot required by law and they are notpart of government


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This part of society includes formalgovernmental institutions at local, state,

and national levels, These includelegisiative, executive, and judicialbranches of government at ali threelevels,


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A Policy is rule made up and enforced tocontrol the behaviors of people in their;

Family (Family policy) Work places (hospital policy)

City, State, Country (Public Policy)


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as a concept of set of ideas that guidesa course of action or a procedure used

in dealing with public issues or problems. take the form of laws, rules or regulations,

or agreed upon procedures used bygovernment to fulfill its responsibilities to

protect the rights of the people and topromote the common good.


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agreed upon ways that governmentfulfills its responsibilities to protect therights of individuals and to promote the

general welfare by solving problems. is a purposive and consistent course of

action produced as '" response to aperceived problem of a constituency.Formulated by a specific politicalprocess, and adopted, implemented,and enforced by a public agency


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Purpose: resolve or prevent a "public"problem

Target: control behavior Source; public authorities

Manifestation: laws, rules,

regulations, ordinances, memoranda


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is the PROCESS people use to makepolicy and decides who gets what,where and when without resorting tophysical violence. In fact politics havebeen referred to as the specificalternative to war.


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INPUTLegislative Process(Political Parties)Citizens (Individuals,

Interest Groups)Media

OUTCOMELaws

RulesRegulations

DECISIONMAKING

Executive

Legislative JudicialGovernmentAgencies

EVALUATION IMPLEMENTATION

FEEDBACK


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1. A local public school charges extra feesfor enrollment

1private sphere

2civil society

3government4a combination of any of these


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2. Monica becomes a member of the GirlScouts

1private sphere

2civil society



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3. Paul and his friend go out to dinner anda movie

1private sphere

2civil society



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4. Ferdies family and friends attend a

party

1private sphere

2civil society



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5. Natalie and her two sisters join a laborunion

1private sphere

2civil society



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6. The Likas Foundation lobbies legislatorsto pass environmental protections laws

1private sphere

2civil society



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The following are some commonproblems in society. For each problem,the students should be prepared to takeand defend a position on which of thethree parts of society or whatcombination of them should be primarily

responsible for dealing with the problem:


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1. Ensuring that children from birth tothree years old eat nutritious food

1- the private sphere

2civil society

3government

2. Discouraging the use of pirated cdsanddvds


2civil society

3government


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3. Preventing crimes in the community


2civil society3government

4. Caring for elderly people


2civil society

3government


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5. Protecting the natural habitat ofendangered species


2civil society

3government

6. Maintaining the cleanliness of city streets


2civil society

3government


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7. Providing medical care for the poor


2civil society3government

8. Ensuring employment opportunities for newgraduates

1- the private sphere2civil society

3government


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9. Upholding the moral standards of thecommunity


2civil society

3government

10. Building highways, bridges, and dams


2civil society

3government


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11. Protecting the country from externalattack


2civil society

3government

12. Promoting economic prosperity


2civil society

3government

introduction to project citizen

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