introunderbalanceddrill.ppt

7/26/2019 IntroUnderBalancedDrill.ppt

1/50

esson 38

esson 38

Introduction toUnderbalanced

Drilling Technology


2/50

Wellsite UBDEquipment

Camp

GeologyNitrogen

Separator

Mud Treatment

Rotating Head

UB operators


3/50

UB DRILLING !"B#

1998 Spears & sso!


4/50

Underbalanced Drilling in the United#tates

YEAR

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

TOT

ALUNBD

ERB

ALANC

ED

WEL

LS

LOW

HIGH


5/50

UBD De$nition

%ormation &ressure is

equal to or greater than'irculating &ressure


6/50

# Normally &ressured Reser(oirsppli!ations $or normal to a%oe normal

pressured reseroirs utili'ing (uid

systems in a !ontrolled (o) drillingte!*ni+ue"

# Depleted Reser(oirs

,*ere a multi-p*ase !ir!ulating (uid isne!essary to a!*iee re+uired Bottom

Hole Cir!ulating .ressure /BHC.0 -

under%alan!ed or )it* minimal

UBD Types


7/50

Barriers to UB rilling


8/50

REGUL)T"R* B)RRIER#to

UnderBalance Drilling

The regulatorsneed assuranceand details


9/50

B)RRIER# T" UB D+'

RegulatoryLac, o- #tandards

Lac, o- ,no.ledge

Little statistical history

'oncern about .ell controlEn(ironmental questions


10/50

"&ER)T"R# B)RRIER#

The "peratorneeds

e/perienceandcon$dence0


11/50

"&ER)T"R# &R"BLE1#

Un-amiliar .ith the systemris, o- the ne.

Lac, o- e/perienced people

Economics Too e/pensi(e

'oncern liability'oncern .ell bore stability


12/50

RE)#"N# %"R UBGR"WT2

There are

dri(ingeconomicreasons


13/50

UBD %orecast by Region

UBD Forecast by Region

-

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Wells

US

Ca

E!"

S#A$

%E&A'"

(E

1998 Spears & sso!


14/50

RE)#"N# %"R UB

GR"WT2

Depleted reser(oirs

).areness o- s,in damage

Limits o- lost circulation

matl0'ost o- di3erential stic,ing


15/50

RE)#"N# %"R UB

GR"WT2

#er(ice co0 competition

Trade 4ournal publications

2ori5ontal drilling

'onsultants a(ailable


16/50

TE'2NI')LI1&R"6E1ENT#

We .ere not

ready to putall o- thistogether untilthe 7889:s


17/50


'ompressor E(olution

2ammer drillsNitrogenIncreased a(ailability

Reduced cost"n site generation


18/50


Recyclable -oam systems

Better gas separators'losed loop circulation

2ydraulics models

Impro(ed rotating headsWire line .et connect


19/50


Impro(ed 1WD

Rig assist snubbing units'oiled tubing equipment

Nondamaging drilling

;uidsTop dri(e


20/50

Reasons -or UB drilling

Lostcirculation


21/50


Lostcirculation

%aster Drilling


22/50


Lostcirculation

%aster Drilling No

Di3erential

#tic,ing


23/50


000

Reduce

Reser(oirDamage


24/50


000

Reduce

Reser(oirDamage

Impro(e &rod0

E(aluation


25/50

E3ect o- #,in on &roductionRates

2

322

422

522

822

16222

S7N

B.

: 12-3 2 1:-; -1

h i l i i i


26/50

UBD is another tool in the toolbox,

not a Panacea.

&hysical Limitation toUBD

# Bore*ole nsta%ility# Un!onsolidated Sands

# ,ea< =ormations

# Geopressured S*ales

# Salt Beds

#

nade+uate Casing


27/50

&roduction Limits to UBD

&ermeabilityis so lo. the

5one needs tobe -rac,ed


28/50

1I#T%")1LI=UID G)#)ER)TED

LI=UID

Types o- %lo. Regimes


29/50

Generali5ed

>%luid? #ystems


30/50

)Shaffer Rotating Blow-Out Preventor)2,!! "si rotating - ,!!! "si static

Equipment Rotating2ead

l d i l i


31/50

'losed Loop 'irculation#ystem

SE*ARATOR

OILTAN+S

WATER

TAN+S

NITROGEN*U%*ERS

%UDTAN+S

RIG

RIG

*U%*S

R-BO*

TO*DRIESYSTE%

CATCHERS

SA%*LE

CHO+E%ANI(OLD

(LARESTAC+

N2& (LUID

%I

CUTTINGRETURN


32/50

Stainless Steel

>i+uid Nitrogen/-;32=0

Car%on Steel

Gaseous

nitrogen to )ell82=6 2-126222psi

.ump

?apori'er

5"11";

Equipment Gas #ource


33/50

)IR DRILLING

) brie- summary


34/50

)ir Drilling

# ir@Gas drilling /Adust0 is a te!*ni+ue used inareas )*ere t*e $ormations are Ary i"e"6

t*ere is no in(u o$ )ater or li+uid*ydro!ar%ons"

#T*is medium re+uires signiD!ant !ompressed

gas olumes to !lean t*e )ell )it* aerageelo!ities o$ oer ;6222 $t per minute"


35/50

)ir Drilling Dusting


36/50

)ir Drilling Bene$ts

#Increased Rate o- &enetration#Reduced %ormation Damage

#Impro(ed Bit &er-ormance#Lost 'irculation 'ontrol#'ontinuous Drill #tem Test


37/50

)ir@Dust Drilling Layout


38/50

1isting

)ddition o- A to 9 bbl@hr o-;uid to the air stream0

'leans and lubricates the bit'arries the cuttings to the

sur-ace as a mist or more

normally in a modi$ed t.ophase ;o.0


39/50

TT96-86 39

%")1 DRILLING

Basic 'omments


40/50

%oam Drilling

#T*e most ersatile o$ t*e gas-generatedsystems"

# EFe!tie operating range $rom 2"3 to 2"5 s"g"

# Miture o$ gas p*ase and $oaming solution"

# =oam (o) aries )it* dept* in t*e *ole"# dusta%le eFe!tie BH."

# En*an!ed li$ting and )ell %ore !leaning"

# Adispla!ing medium6 not a propellingmedium"


41/50

%oam C2eading


42/50

Impro(ed 2ole 'leaning


43/50

%oam Drilling Bene$ts

# =aster .enetration rate

# >o) ir re+uirements

# >o) (uid re+uirements# >o) Hydrostati! *ead

# No damage to $ormation

# Continuous rill Stem test# Best $or large *oles

1ist or %oam Drilling


44/50

1ist or %oam DrillingLayout


45/50

G)#E)TED

"R

)ER)TED

DRILLING


46/50

Gaseate

1ist

TransitionWater

Gas


47/50

)erated %luid

# GasiD!ation o$ .rimary rilling =luid"

# nitially designed as a te!*ni+ue to lig*tenmud to redu!e lost !ir!ulation"

# Met*ods# Standpipe ine!tion

#et Su%

# .arasite String

# ual Casing String# s an UB (uid6 it is easiest to !ontrol in small

*oles"


48/50

#Small ine!tion string run simultane )it* intermediate !asing"

#ne!ted gas does not aFe!t

%it *ydrauli!s"# ne!ted gas does not eFe!t M,

&arasite #tring


49/50

)erated %luid Layout


50/50

Compressor@N3Cost

Rotating B.Is

Solid@>i+uid@GasSeparation

Corrosion

?i%ration

Hig* Tor+ue@rag

Bore*ole Sta%ilityM, Transmission

Hydrauli! Cal!ulations

Cuttings >i$ting

=luid n(u=ire@Eplosions

Under%alan!edCompletion

)erated Drilling &roblems

introunderbalanceddrill.ppt

Documents