INVENTIONS & RESEARCHES

United KingdomPenicillin

Is a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. Penicillin antibiotics are

historically significant because they are the first drugs that were effective against many

previously serious diseases.

It was discovered by the Scottish biologist and

pharmacologist Alexander Fleming in 1928.

United Kingdom

Steam EngineIs a heat engine that performs

mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.

The first practical steam-powered “engine” was a water pump

developed in 1698 by the English inventor Thomas Savery.

United KingdomMechanical Television

John Logie Baird created the first televised pictures of objects in motion in 1924, the first televised human face in 1925, and a year

later he televised the first moving object image at the Royal Institution in London.

Later in 1928 he made a trans-atlantic transmission of a image of a human face.

United Kingdom

PolyesterJohn Rex Whinfield and James Tennant Dickson investigated

polyesters and in 1941 produced and patented

The first polyester fiber which they named Terylene, which now is know as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate).

United Kingdom

GravitationIs a natural phenomenon by which physical bodies attract with a force proportional to

their mass.

In 1687, English mathematician Sir Isaac Newton published Principia, which hypothesizes the inverse-

square law of universal gravitation.

United Kingdom

Theory of EvolutionCharles Darwin in 1859 book On the Origin of Species established

that all species of life have descended over time from

common ancestry, and proposed

the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he

called natural selection.

United KingdomHypodermic needle• It was invented in 1853 by

Doctor Alexander Wood from Edimburg.

• It´s good to inject and extract fluid from the human body without cutting skin.

• Before this Francis Rynd has invented the hollow needle in 1844, and after that, Manuel Jalón Corominas (an engineer) invented the hypodermic disposable needle.

United KingdomBicycleIt´s a personal transport vehicle driven by the

passenger. It was invented in 1839 by Kirkpatrick Macmillan, an scottish man. He didn't patented his invention, so another person copied and sold it getting a lot of money. A copy of the first bike is at Science Museum of London.

United KingdomKaleidoscope

It´s a toy and it was invented in 1816 by David Brewster (scottish). He registered his invention, but as it was very easy for copying, many people did it, and he stop to receiving

money for it.

United KingdomTireDunlop inflated rubber tubes

and wrapped with a tarp to protect them and stuck them on the rims of the wheels of his son´s tricycle, making a smoother ride as the standard wheels, those were made of solid rubber.

He patented his invention in 1888 and retained the rights of it after a lawsuit with other inventors from different countries.

United KingdomTelescopeJames Gregory invented a

telescope. In 1663, he published his idea about this device, but he couldn't build it until 10 years after this publication, when he got the aid from another scientist, Robert Hooke.

Many people say he´s the most famous british mathema tician in this century (17th) after Newton.

United States

PhonographAlso known as record player is a

device that was used to both record and reproduce sounds.

The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Alva Edison at his

laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, USA.

United States

Rotating Magnetic FieldIs a magnetic field which changes

direction at (ideally) a constant angular rate. This is a key

principle in the operation of the alternating-current motor.

Nikola Tesla claimed in his autobiography that he identified the

concept of the rotating magnetic field in 1882.In 1888, Tesla gained U.S. Patent 0,381,968 for his work.

Assembly LineIs a manufacturing process in which parts are added to a product in a sequential manner using optimally planned logistics.

It was developed by Ford Motor Company between

1908 and 1915.

United States

United States

Flying MachineA fixed-wing aircraft is an aircraft

capable of flight using forward motion that generates lift as the

wing moves through the air.

The Wright Brothers credited with inventing and building the world's

first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human

flight, on December 17, 1903.

Personal Computeris any general-purpose computer

whose size, capabilities, and original sales price make it useful

for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly

by an end-user.

IBM, Apple Computer, and Microsoft refined and popularized them, making

them commercially successful.

United States

United States

ARPANETWas the world's first operational

packet switching network and the core network of a set that came to compose the global

Internet.The network was funded by the

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the

United States Department of Defense in August 1962.

GPSGlobal Positioning System is a space-based global navigation satellite system that provides

location and time information in all weather, anywhere on or near

the Earth.

Bradford Parkinson and Ivan A. Getting developed

it in 1993.

United States

MexicoColor Television

Guillermo González Camarena invented an early color television transmission system. He received

patents for color television systems in 1942, 1960 and 1962. The 1942 patent (filed in Mexico

on August 19, 1940) was for a

synchronized color filter wheel adapter for

monochrome television, similar to the field

sequential color receiver demonstrated by Baird in

England in July 1939.

TridilosaIs a very light and resistant,

materials-efficient 3-D structure, made from steel and concrete

and widely used in civil engineering.

It can save up to 66% on concrete usage and up to 40% on steel.It was Invented by the Engineer Heberto Castillo in 1966

Mexico

Mexico

Translucent ConcreteIs a new kind of concrete that

allows the pass of light through it, and it lighter and more resistant

than the traditional concrete.

This new material was invented by José Sosa Gutiérrez and Sergio Omar Galván Cácerez.

Tortilla MachineIt was a laminated roller head

and a transporter band that went to a metal hotplate (comal) and it could produce 16,000 tortillas

a day.

It was invented in 1904 by Everardo Rodriguez Arce and Luis Romero.

Mexico

Mexico

Sponge IronIt is the process in which the iron is directly reduced to just Fe only.The process consist in making a chemical process to separate the oxygen from the Iron. This process was developed by

the HYLSA company, in 1957.

This kind of Iron is used to making a special type of steel, it´s a cheap substitute to scrap Iron, which is very expensive.

Combined oral contraceptive pill

Is a birth control method that includes a combination of an

estrogen and a progestin.

Luis Ernesto Miramontes got the patent togheter with

Carl Djerassi and George Rosekranz from the Mexican

company Syntex.

Mexico

Mexico

Indelible InkThis substance gets impregnated

in the skin cells, and it doesn´t falls for a least 24hours.

It was used for the first time in the 1994 elections in Mexico.

It was created by the engineer Filiberto Vazquez, from the

“Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas”

from the IPN.

Velodromo “Belem Guerrero” at Mexico City.

MexicoIt´s a numerical method invented in 1973 from

Matrix Algebra, to resolve determinants, and it was modified en 1976 from using matrixes to resolve linear algebra systems (linear equations).

This method works with whole numbers, therefore, is the most accurate way to find this kind of things.

René Mario Montante Pardo (engineer, mathematician and teacher of FIME) was his inventor. His job is used in the whole world.

.

MexicoAlejandro Hernández Cárdenas, Forensic dentist.

He has created a substance for rehydrating dead bodies, even though those were dry or decomposed (until to seem them as just been dead). His invention has been used to find an identity from women of Juárez, Chihuahua.

Mexico

Evangelina Villegas) is a cereal biochemist whose work with maize has led to the development of high-quality protein maize (QPM). She and her colleague, Dr. Surinder Vasal, shared the 2000 World Food Prize for this achievement. This maize has the double protein quantity and 10% plus of grain. She considers it like a way to fight against the Latin American famine.

• . Tecnología Book on demand: Victor Celorio inventó una nueva imprenta rápida llamada Instabook, que edita un libro en 17 segundos, donde se puede escoger el diseño más adecuado y hasta los escritores sin editor pueden imprimir sus copias.

MexicoAs an inventor, Victor Celorio obtained

patents for the technology popularly known as InstaBook, as well as that of Distributed Printing technology in which an e-book is distributed among as many printing centers as required for immediate production and delivery, thereby creating a vast network of digital bookstores and libraries.

His invention was patented in USA, Mexico and China.

The USPTO rejected the objections presented by a third party to try to patenting InstaBook.

Mexico

Armando M. Fernández rediseño para su uso comercial el mousepad o almohadilla de ratón en 1979, basado en conocimientos de ingeniería de reducción de costos, calidad, confiabilidad, caracterización y especificación de componentes y sistemas.

• . Proyecto GNOME (GNU Network Model Environment): Surgió en agosto de 1997 como un entorno de desarrollo gráfico para sistemas operativos Unix/Linux, compuesto de software libre, creación de los Mexicanos Miguel de Icaza y Federico Mena.

• Con denominación de origen en Guanajuato, Michoacán, Tamaulipas, Nayarit y Jalisco (en los cuatro anteriores sólo se puede producir en algunos municipios).

• Es la bebida más conocida y representativa de México en el mundo. Debe estar elaborada en México y contener al menos un 51% de azúcares.

• La casa cuervo consiguió en 1795 el permiso del Rey para producirlo, se cree que se elabora desde antes de 1616 (según registros)

TequilaBebida alcohólica elaborada a partir de la fermentación y destilado del jugo extraído del agave , en particular el llamado agave azul (tequilana Weber).