investigating the practical relationship between gis and ...€¦ · investigating the practical...
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![Page 1: Investigating the practical relationship between GIS and ...€¦ · Investigating the practical relationship between GIS and BIM; then relating that to a 3D cadastre. J. Gabriel](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052720/5f08e5117e708231d4243da5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Investigating the practical relationship between GIS and BIM; then relating that to a 3D
cadastre.
J. Gabriel van Wyk, Johan Nel
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• So exactly what is BIM?
• Available BIM offerings in the market
• Traditional CAD / GIS
• How does BIM relate to CAD
• How does BIM relate to GIS
• Does it replace them xxx
• What does it do for spatial practitioners?
• 3D scanners -> BIM & GIS
• 3D Photography
• Should BIM tools also become a standard part of the repertoire of tools used by the Spatial Practitioners?
• Finally can we leverage a combination of these tools to deliver a better service and understanding of 3D cadastres?
– BIM better for 3D cadastre…
Overview
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• Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. A building information model is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle; defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition.
BIM a definition the
The National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee
These are the people who develop the standards for BIM
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Standards for BIM-Geospatial integration
• Several standardization initiatives are ongoing – ISO BIM-GIS Ad Hoc Group – OGC-buildingSMART alliance partnership – InfraBIM project to extend Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for
infrastructure • Roads / Railways / Bridges / Tunnels / Dams
– There is a joint project to develop conceptual schema of alignments of InfraGML and IFC
– There is also an initiative to generate CityGML and IndoorGML from IFC. – The V-Con project is designed to enable Dutch and Swedish traffic
authorities to use BIM for the whole life cycle of roads and railways.
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Building Information Management (BIM)
Planning
Conceptual Design
Detailed Design
Logistics & Fabrication
Construction
Operation & Maintenance
Renovation
Analysis
Reporting &
Documentation
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Some History
1974 1994 1995 1997 1999 1980
• Early Concepts in scientific discussions • Autodesk invites USA industry players to discuss ‘integration classes’ to improve
software interoperability • Formation of Industry Alliance for Interoperability with open membership • Alliance changed its name to the International Alliance for Interoperability • Publication of Industry Foundation Classes IFC 1.0 & 1.5 • Publication of IFC 2.0
1986
• First time the term Building Information Model (BIM) appears in a publication • Formation of STEP (Standards for the Exchange of Product Model Data) Effort
driven by ISO to facilitate cross industry interoperability
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More History
2006 2007 2013
Release of IFC2x2 Addendum 1 Release of IFC2x3 Release of ifcXML2x3 • Release of IFC4
2005
The International Alliance for Interoperability changes its name to buildingSMART.
2004
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BIM <-> GIS relationship
BIM GIS
Accessible Object Attribution Accessible Object Attribution
Attributes relate to Model Attributes relate to real world
Default 3D Views Default 2D Views
Inflexible Data Model Highly flexible Data Model
Standards Body: buildingSMART Standards Body: OGC
Narrowly Focused (Buildings) Generic Spatial Focus
SILO centric Centralised Database
Full 3D Geometry Data 2D or 2.5 D Geometry Data
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BIM Interoperability BIM is about Interoperability
Project Management
Ind
ust
ry F
ou
nd
atio
n C
lass
es
City Models
Asset Management Systems
Facilities Management Systems
Generic Visualisation
Specialisation Tools
Virtual Analysis
Generic Design GIS
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BIM in Practice
• More about PROCESS than MODEL • Modular Software
– Generic Design – Best of Breed Modules
• Focus on Contained Models / Groups of models / Highly Detailed
• IFC out more common than round-trip integration
• Allows Integrated models (X-Ref) • “Integrated” Silo models 1 Model = 1 Data
schema
IFC
?
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• “BIM is a process, uses technology
– BIM starts with design, drives construction and then facilitates maintenance
– BIM includes graphics, because appearance is important.
– BIM incorporates building objects containing geometry and properties in the form of structured information.
– There are different types of objects describing buildings including functional (doors and windows), physical (beams), logical (90 degree angles), and abstract objects (rooms).
– BIM also includes objects describing process including schedules, resources, costs, quality assurance, tasks, work, approvals, RFI's and submittals.
• Perhaps the simplest way to summarize BIM is that it is about sharing.
• BIM is open, structured, semantic, and standard information. ”
• http://geospatial.blogs.com/geospatial/2014/06/standards-for-the-convergence-of-bim-3d-and-geospatial.html
Standards for the convergence of BIM, 3D and geospatial GEOFF ZEISS
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Where is the “Single Source of Truth”
• Most available BIM software is Database centric. However, also Project centric – each model is a Silo of data.
– Object ID’s are unique within models
– NOT across different BIM models
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Where is the “Single Source of Truth”
• Need to provide wider contextual identification
• FM or GIS offers
– possibilities to take absolute control of the “Single Source of Truth”.
– Soften the discord with an “Integrated Silo” model.
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BIM and the Geospatial Practitioner
• BIM allows Geospatial Practitioner to include more tools seamlessly into their repertoire
• Some examples
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BIM and Work-as-Executed
• Some of the BIGGEST examples of wasted effort in the Geo-Spatial industry: – BIM models are created with minute detail – After construction As-Built drawings are updated and generally submitted to
councils or other authorities as paper or PDF – GIS operators then interprets and recaptures the data – in GIS centric format /
structures
• BIM advantage – Update the BIM models, then update GIS using controlled automation. (Depends
on two-way integration) – No Double handling – Less Operator error
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Working with Point Clouds
• Untapped Point Cloud potential
• Few traditional GIS platforms can truly handle point clouds with billions of points
• Some BIM compliant tools offer advanced classification and model automation. Integration with BIM enables transfer of salient data.
IFC
Specialisation Tools GIS
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3D Photography
• Photo Models – Stitching photos together and generating small models – These can be linked into the BIM or GIS
• Identify Details of Assets, & Asset attribution • Model Confined spaces
– Link in GIS – Review before sending humans in
• Confined Spaces • Concreted Spaces • Source: YouTube ID = nbmZLrPR4lU
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3D Cadastres
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3D Cadastres
• BIM is NOT for a seamless cadastre. (Remember Database centric Silos…)
• BIM can be a useful tool for
– Strata plan designs
– Strata plan clash detection
• Cadastral data best handled in a Spatial Database
– With Dimensioning or not
– Resource for Cadastral Surveyors
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3D Cadastres
• 3D cadastral elements requires accuracy relative to boundaries
• Easy visualisation of
– Common Property Strata Plan
– Subterranean Strata Lots
– Lots for future upwards expansion
– Vertical easements
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Conclusion
• BIM is an important tool for Geospatial professionals
• BIM will not replace GIS
– (Not Yet)
• The Industry Foundation Classes enables practical integration
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Credits
• Ian Harper – Geodata Australia • Peter Swan – Spatial Information Group • http://pointclouds.org/ • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbmZLrPR4lU • http://autodesk.com • http://trimble.com • Http://Bentley.com • http://www.safe.com/webinar/bim-and-gis-integration/ • http://www.rtvtools.com/product/rtv-xporter-pro/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COBie
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