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है”ह”ह

IS 5788 (1986): Iron castings with spheroidal or nodulargraphite for pressure containing parts for use at elevatedtemperatures [MTD 6: Pig iron and Cast Iron]

IS : 5788 - 1986

Indian Standard

SPECIFICATION FOR IRON CASTINGS WITH SPHEROIDAL OR NODULAR GRAPHITE FOR

PRESSURE CONTAINlNG PARTS FOR USE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

(First Rev-ision j

First Reprint NOVEMBER 1991

UDC 669.131.7-14

@ Copyright 1987

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDAR-DS MANAK BHAVAN. 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

Gr-4 February 1987

IS :5788- 1986

Indian Standard

~P~FICATION FOR IRON CASTINGS WITH SPHEROIDAL OR NODULAR GRAPHITE FOR

PRESSURE CONTAINlNG PARTS FOR USE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

( First Revision )

Pig Iron and Cast h-on Sectional Committee, SMDC 9

Chairman

SHRI B. G. SASTIZY

Members

Rsfiesrnling Ductron Castings Ltd, Hyderabad

SHRI M. S. DALVI ( Alternate to Shri B. G. Sastry )

SHRI P. K. AROUA Mechanical Engineering Research Development

Snn~ R. K. BANERJEW Organization ( CMERI ), Ludhiana

SHRI R. DAYAL ( Alternafe ) . Indian Iron &z Steel Co Ltd, Burnpur

SHRI T. K. BANERJEE SHRI A. K. SARKA~~ ( Alfern& )

Ministry of Defence ( DGOF j

DR P. N. BHA~WATI SHRI M. R. SHAH ( Alternate )

Bhagwati Spherocast Ltd, Hyderabad

SHRI K. B. D. 5EERlAH Visvesvaraya Iron & Steel Ltd, Bhadravat SERX B. S. UMAPATEY ( Alternale )

SH~I A. M. BISWAS National Test House, Calcutta SERI K. L. BARVI ( Alternafe )

PROB A. K. CHAK~ABOILTY SHRI S. CBANDRA

Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

SHRI H. K. TANEJA ( Allernalc ) Indian Register of Shipping, Bombay

CHIWIST & M x T A L L u R 0 I s T Ministry ofRailways EASTERN RAILWAY, J AMALPUR

SHRI P. P. CHOPRA Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd, Bangalore SHRI H. S. RAWACEIANDRA ( Alternate 11 SERI P. RAYPRASAD ( Alternate IL ) SHRI V. N. VENKATESAN ( Allernate III ) SHRI A. SHANTARAIU ( Alternate IV )

( Continued on page 2 )

0 Copyright 1957

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS This publication is protected under the Indian Copyrighf Act ( XIV of 1957) and reproduction m whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

IS t 5188 - 1986

( Continued from pugs 1 )

Members

Sash S. H. CO~XISSARIAT SHRI B. K. DUTTA

Sxar S. S. SAH~ ( Alfernafs ) SHRI S. Y. GRORPADE SH~I P. C. JAIN SJXRI K. h. KINKAR

SHRI H. H. SINGE ( Allarnofe ) SHRI V. B. KHANNA

Reprwnting

Mercury Iron & Steel Co, Bombay Iron & Steel Control, Calcutta

Sandur Manganese & Iron Ores Ltd, Mysore Joint Plant Committee, Calcutta Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Calcutta

Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals ( Inspection Wing ), New Delhi

\ SHRI T. N. UBOVEJA ( Alfarnate 1 SIIRI B. v. LU Electrosteel Castings Ltd, Calcutta

SHRI S. B. SEX?QUPTA ( Altcrnats) SERI M. MOHAN Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd ( Foundry

SERI I. ALI ( Alternate ) Forge Plant ), Ranchi

SHRI P. _K. MUKHERSEE New Standard Engineering Co Ltd, Bombay ’ SHRI DEEPAK SEARMA ( Alternate )

Dn P. S. PATTIHAL Tata Engineering & Locomotive Co Ltd, Jamshedpur

Sam U. M. NADQAR ( Alternafe ) Da G. RAI

SHRI S. V. RAJWADE

SteeE$ority of India Ltd (Bhilai Steel Plant),

SteeLtiu$ority of India Ltd (Bbilai Steel Plant),

SRRI R. R. SARIN ( Alternate ) SIIHK C. P. RAMAMURTI~Y SIII~I D. VA:U~XVA RAO Slllll P. P. KAWOOI

Shah Malleable Castings Ltd, Bombay Ennore Foundries Ltd, Madras Steel Authority of India Ltd ( Rourkela Steel

Plant ), Rourkela Srler S. Ctlouue~ ( Ahernate)

RIXPRE~~:NTATIVE Development Commissioner ( Small Scale Indus- tries ), New Delhi

REPXESENTATIVI SHRI A. K. SAHA

Maruti Udyog Ltd, Gurgaon Bokaro Steel Plant, Bokaro

SHRI B. P. SINoH ( Alternate ) SlIIlI u. SEN Directorate General of Technical Development,

Nl w Delhi Sang P. J. SHENuY Kesoram Spun Pipes & Foundries, Calcutta

SIII~I S. C. NAI(SARIA ( Atternnte ) SIHU I. S. P. SJJWTY Tata Iron & Sleel Co Ltd, Jamshedpur

SIII:I T. SUL)IIXAI~ ( illlerrrde ) SHnl R. K. SINIJA Fertilizer Corporation of India Ltd, Sindri SIIUI P. S. N. SUNDRAM Walchand Nagar Industry Ltd, Satara SH~I S. THIAQHAI:AJAN Southern Alloy Foundries Pvt Ltd, Madras

SIIIII A. TIJAXQAV~LU ( Alternote ) Dn S. K. TIWARY National lMetallurgica1 Laboratory ( CSIR ),

Jamshedpur SHRI V.~N. UPADI~AYAYA Federation of Engineering Industries of India,

New Delhi SHRI H. L. BHARDWAJ ( Alternatr )

1 Continued on puge 14 )

2

IS: 5788.1986

Indian Standard

SPECIFICATION -FOR IRON CASTINGS WITH SPHE-ROIDAL -OR NODULAR GRAPHITE FOR

PtiESSURE CONTAINING PARTS FOR USE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

( First Revision )

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 16 June 1986, after the draft finalized by the Pig Iron and Cast Iron Sectional Committee had been approved by the Structural and Metals Division Council.

0.2 This standard was first published in 1970. While reviewing this stand- ard in the light of the experience gained during these years, the Committee has decided to revise this standard aligning it with other existing stand- ards on the subject.

0.3 This standard keeps in view the manufacturing and trade practice being followed in the country in this field. Assistance has also been derived from ASTM A-395-1980 - Ferritic ductile iron pressure retaining castings for use at elevated temperatures, issued by the American Society of Testing and Materials.

0.4 This standard contains clauses which require the purchaser agree- ment and/o: to specify these requirements, if necessary, while placing the order.

9.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, ex- pressing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960”. The number of significant places retained in the roun- ded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( rsviscd ) .

3

IS :5788- 1986

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard covers the requirements for iron castings with sphero- idal or nodular graphite for pressure containing parts for use at elevated temperatures.

2. SUPPLY OF MATERIAL

2.1 General requirements relating to the supply of the material shall be as laid down in IS : 1387-1967*.

3. MANUFACTURE

3.1 The method of manufacture shall be left to the discretion of the manu- facturer provided that the castings conform to this standard.

4. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

4.1 The castings, when tested in accordance with IS : 228-1972t, +hall have the following chemical composition:

Constituent Percent

Total carbon, Min 3-O Silicon, Max 2.50 Phosphorus, Max 0.08

NOTE 1 - For each reduction of 0’01 percent below the maximum specified phosphorus content, an,increase of 0?08 percent silicon above the specified maximum will be permitted,up to a maximum of 2’75 percent.

NOTE 2 - Silicon content above 2’75 percent, or phosphorus above 0.08 percent have a tendency to lower the impact resistance of the material. If the carbon con- tent is below 3.00 percent, excessive cementite may form during cooling and if this is not removed during the annealing cycle, the impact resistance of the material may be lowered.

5. WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH

5.1 The castings shall be accurately moulded in accordance with the + pattern of working drawings supplied by the purchaser with the addition of such letters, figures or marks as may be specified.

5.2 The drawings shall specify the tolerance on all important dimensions. On other dimensions, the toltrance specified in IS : 8350-1977$ shall apply.

*General requirements for the supply of metallurgical materials (jirst rcuision ). tMethods of chemical analysis of steels ( second reuision ). +,Deviations for untoleranced dimensions of spheroidal or nodular graphite iron

castings.

4

6. HEAT TREATMENT

6.1 All castings shall be~given a ferritizing heat treatment to ensure uni- form mechanical properties throughout each section and to produce sub- stantially a ferritic structure that contains no massive carbides.

6.2 When specified in the purchase order, castings with mechanical pro- perties obtained ‘as cast’ may have a stress relief heat treatment at a minimum temperature of 550°C.

7. FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS

7.1 The castings shall be free from surface defects, such as adhering sand and shall be reason‘ably smooth. The runners, risers, fin.9 and other extrane- ous metals shall be removed from the castings. They shall be well dressed and fettled.

7.2 The castings shall not~berepaired by welding or brazing but may be plugged in case they leak on hydrostatic test, provided that the diameter of the plug does not exceed 50 mm. The details of the plugging of the casting may be agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Also any inherent defect revealed during subsequent machining, notwith- standing any previous certificate of satisfactory testing might make the -castings liable to rejection.

8. TEST SAMPLES

8.1 Test samples shall be cast separately in sand moulds. They shall be poured from the same ladle of metal as that used to produce the castings they iepresent and immediately after the castings are poured. Some addi- tional recommendations regarding casting the test samples are given in Appendix A.

8.1.1 The test pieces used for the test specified in 10.1 and 10.2 shall be machined from one of the following type of test samples:

a) U-ty#e test samples - The test piece shall be machined from the keei ( that is, the cross-hatched section of Fig. 1 ),

b) 22yfie test samples - The test piece shall be machined from the keel ( that is, the cross-hatched section of Fig. 2 ), and

c) Knock-oJ type test samples -See Fig. 3.

8.1.2 In principle, test sample Type IIa or IIb of 25 mm effective thickness, shall be used; however, if its mass differs widely from, the casting it represents, another test sample type may be used, by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. j

5

IS : 5788 l 1986

Types I, Ila, Ill and IV Type Ilb

L---I I- t .

RS R5 F DIMENSIONS

DXVENSIONS IN MJLLWETR,ES BOB TYPIC

I IIa --

12 25

40 55

30 40

80 100 - -

Ilb

25

90

40

100

i11 W --

50 75

90 125

60 65

150 165

A function of the test piece length

FIO. 1 ‘U’ TYPE TEST SAMPLES

8.1.3 In exceptional cases, and by prior agreement betw.een the partiesj the test samples may be attached to the castings; in such cases, their loca- tion should be agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

8.1.4 The test samples shall be cast in sand moulds and stripped at a temperature not exceeding 5OOW.

8.1.5 All test samples shall be heat-treated simultaneously with and - adjacent to the relevant casting or castings in the same furnace. 9. SAMPLING

9.1 Sampling for Chemical Analysis - Two spoon samples shall be taken during the pouring .of each cast or ladle when about one-third and two-thirds of the metal has been discharged. The spoon sainples so obtained shall be cast separately in dry sand in the form ,of 30 mm diameter bars about 75 mm long. Alternatively, the mould may be filled directly from the metal stream; The test bars shall be suitably marked so that the castings they represent could be identified.

6

DIMENSIONS IN MILLWETRES BOG TYPE

II I 111

25 50

55 100

40 50

140 150

IV

U 12

I 40

x 25

Y 135

75

125

65

175 I 1

I I I

I % A function of the test piece length I

NOTE - The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the test sample during casting shall be

40 mm minimum for types I and II; 181) mm minimum for types III and IV.

FIG. 2 ‘Y’ TYPE TEST SAMPLES

9.1.1 After cleaning the surface, two flats shall be ground near the bottom of each test bar and the test bar drilled with a 25 mm drill from one clean surface to the other. The speed of the drill should not be more than 9 to 10 rev/min. Drillings after being thoroughly mixed shall consti- tute the sample for chemical analysis.

L

9.1.2 For the determination of total carbon the molten metal shall be -poured into a special split mould ( see Fig. 4 ). This gives pins of iron 3 mm in diameter which have solidified white and which can be broken off and used direct for total carbon determination. Carbon determination from drillings taken from grey samples shall not be done.

9.2 Sampling for Mechanical Tests

9.2.1 If one ladle of metal treated to produce spheroidal or nodular graphite iron is used to make one or more castings, one tensile test shall be made on a’test sample poured from that ladle.

7

Z=ACCORDING TO LENGTH OF TEST PIECE

AN AS-CAST TEST SAMPLE

MOULD

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 3 cK~~~~-O~~’ TYPE TEST SAMPLES

IS : 578% - 1986

FRONT AND SIDE ELEVATION

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 4 PIN MOULD FOR CARBON SAMPLES

9.2.2 If successively treated ladles filled from one furnace are used to produce castings, one tensile test shall be made from each O-5 tonne of castings or part thereof. If more than one treated ladles are involved in the production of this quantity of castings, the manufacturer shall take steps to ascertain that the treatment of other ladles is done by such method as may be agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. He may examine the procedure adopted and satisfy himself that this is adequate.

9

IS : ‘5788 - 1986

9.2.3 In the case of large tonnage of castings being produced contin- uously the minimum II~UIII~~~ of test bars to be provided shall be one tensile test representing ‘every two hours production froni a melting furnace.

9.2.4 For castings weighing more than one tonne, one tensile test shall be conducted on a test sample for each casting, the test sample being cast as an integral part of the casting.

9.2.5 If more than one furnace is used to fill the ladles, then one tensile test shall be made on a test sample poured from a treated ladle of each of the furnaces.

9.2.6 Ml test samples and castings shall be marked strictly for identi- fication.

10. MECHANICAL TEST

10.1 Tensile Test - The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with IS : 1608-1972*, unlrss otherwise agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. The test piece shall have a gauge diameter of 14 mm and a gauge length of 70 mm ( see Fig. 5 ). To determine compliance

with proof stress requirements, thk material tested shall be considered to have passed the test if it dots not undergo an elongation exceeding the specified percentage on being subjected to the specified minimum stress for a period of 15 seconds.

R20 d=@\L+ 0.09

/

R20

NOTE - The method of gripping the ends-of the test pieces,.together with their length 11, may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

.

Lo is theoriginal gauge length; here & = 5d;

d is the original diameter of the test piece;

LC is the parallel length; LC >~~I% by agreement between the manufac- turer and the purchaser ( in principle LC - LO > d ); and

Lr is the total length of the test piece, which depends on LO and It.

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIQ. 5 TENSILE TEST PIECE

*Method -for tensile testing of steel products (Jirst revision ).

10

IS : 5788 - 1996

19.1.1 In case of samples of type I, the test piece having a reduced diameter shall comply with the following formula:

L, - 5+35$?. s 5d

where L ,, = original gauge length, S, - original cross-sectional area, and d - original diameter of the test piece.

10.1.2 The mechanical properties shall be as specified in Table 1.

TABLE 1, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

CEARACTEI~ISTIC REQUIREXENT

Tensile strength, MPa, Min 410 Proof Stress ( 0’2 percent ), Min 270 Elongation percent, Min 16

10.1.3 In the case of tests carried out on test bars ‘cut from the finished castings, the mechanical properties shall be as agreed to between the pur- chaser and the manufacturer.

10.2 Hardness Test - The Brine11 hardness of the meterial, when tested in accordance with IS : 1500-1983*, shall be between 142 and 187 HB.

10.2.1 The hardness test shall be carried out on either the casting or on a test coupon representing the material of’ the casting.

11. VALIDITY OF TESTS

11.1 A test may be disregarded if proof results are obtained which are not due to the quality of the cast iron itself, but to any of the following reasons:

a) Faulty mounting of the test piece or defective operation of the test machine;

b) Defective casting or machining of the test piece;

c) Fracture of the tensile test piece beyond the gauge marks; and

d) Casting defects in the test piece, evident after fracture.

11.1.1 In the above cases, a new test piece may be taken from the same test sample and the results substituted for those of the defective test piece.

*Method for Brine11 hardness test for metallic meterials, ( second reuision ).

11

16 : 5298 - 1986

12. RE-TEST

12.1 Should any of‘the tests fail to meet the specified property require- ments, two re-tests per failed test shall be carried out.

12.1.1 The batch is regarded as conforming to the specified require- ments when the results of the two re-tests conform to the values specified in the standard. However, the batch may be rejected if one of the re-tests fails.

12.2 Should the samples of castings supplied in the heat-treated condition fail%0 pass the test, the manufacturer shall have the,right to reheat-treat the castings together with the representative test bars and resubmit &em for inspection and testing.

13. ADDITIONAL ~TESTS

13.1 If the purchaser desires any special tests or requirements, such as hydrostatic test or microstructure, not specified in this standard, he shall state these when placing the enquiry and order for the material. The details of these tests shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

14. MARKING

14.1 Unless the purchaser desires otherwise, each casting, wherever prac- ticable, shall be legibly marked with a number or identification mark by which it can be traced to-the melt from which it was made.

14.1.1 Wherever practicable, the castings may also bear the ISI Certi- fication Mark.

NOTE - The use of the IS1 Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of the Indian Standards Institution ( Certification Marks ) Act and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The IS1 Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with the requirements of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and quality control which is devised and supervised by IS1 and operated by the producer. IS1 marked products are also continuously checked by IS1 for conformity to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under whicha licence for the use. of the IS1 Certification Mark may be granted to manufacturers or processors, may be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution.

12

1s : 5’188 - 1986

APPENDIX A

( Clause 8.1 )

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CASTING OF TEST SAMPLES

A-l. The test sample may be cast in sand to any convenient size and shape, .provided the sample is sound and free from any casting -defect.

A-l.1 Suitable samples for providing a proportional sound tensile test piece are represented in Fig. 1, 2 and 3. These keel or U-blocks have been found satisfactory in service.

A-I.2 A convenient form of test sample cut from one of the castings, as agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer, may be used for the purpose of testing strength of the casting.

A-I.3 In case of sand moulds for test samples of Type III and IV ( see Fig. 1 and 2 ), a rigid COB sand mould is recommended.

13

fS:5788-1986

MCfl,bCtS Re~wcscnting

DR G. VENICATARAMAN Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd Snur A. K. MIWAI> ( Alternafe )

SARI K. RAoaAv1sN1maN, Director ( Strut & Met )

Director General, IS1 ( Ex-oficio Mmbsr )

Secrelary

SJiRI S. S. SRTHI Joint Director ( Metals ), IS1

Spheroidal Graphite Iron Castings Subcommittee, SMDC 9 : 2

Comerrcr

DR P. N. I~J~AOWATI

Members

Uhagwati Spherocast Ltd, Ahmadabad

SHILI M. 11. SllhJr ( flbmnle to Dr 1’. N. Bhagwati )

SHRI S. K. AIIU.I,\ Indian Smelting & REfining Co Ltd, Thane Snsr 1). 13. Vyas ( Allcrrrale )

DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( MET )-I Research, Designs Sr Standards Organisation, Lucknow

A~SISTAN~I, RI.:SI~A~L~X 0a~:lcx.I~ ( MW-III ) ( illfemale )

SIII:I D. K. DI\I’~ Mysorc Kirloskar Ltd, Harihar ‘il!I~I u. S. (:OVlNI, ( /,llrrtftife )

SHl<I 1~. A. GANJ)III EIindustan Machiue Tools Ltd, Bangalore SllltI v. S. UiX.\NA’l 11 Hindustan Motors Ltd, Trivellore

S~tax Ii. SI~INIV.~SAN ( nllertrale ) SERI Sarv I). K~[ANNA Escorts Ltd, Faridabad

SHRI NAXINIMR SINC~I ( Allernale ) SHRI s. B. PATlIAR Business Combine Ltd, Nasik

Snnr P. R. Txxavult ( dllernale ) DR P. S. PATTIIIAL Tata Engineering & Locomotive Co Ltd,

Jamshedpur DR P. 6. DASUTI<AI~ ( dllemnfe )

REPRESENTA’JIVE . SHRI R. C. PItASAD

SHRI D.K. DAM ( A&male ) SHRI K. S. SHAII

SEW M. S. SAIIANI ( Aller&e ) SHRI B. G. SAsTRY

SIIHI M. S. DALVI ( rlhunfe ) SERI N. S. SWAMLNA’PHAN

SHRI S. NATESAN ( Allerfrale )

AShok Leyland Ltd, Madras HMlW, Ranchi

Premier Automobiles Ltd, Bombay

Ductron Castings Ltd, Hydcrabad

Tractors & Farm Equipment Ltd, Madras

Fouthcrn Alloy Foundries Pvt Ltd, Madras SHRI S. THIAWXARAJAN SHRI A. TEENGAVELU ( Allertrale )

14

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarters:

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002

Telephones: 331 01 31, 331 13 75 Telegrams: Manaksanstha ( Common to all Offices)

Regional Offices: Telephone

Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,

I

331 01 31 NEW DELHI I?0002 331 1375

*Eastern : 1 /14 C. I. T. Scheme VII M, V. I. P. Road. 36 24 99 Maniktola, CALCUTTA 7-00054

Northern : SC0 445-446, Sector 35-C, 2 18 43 CHANDIGARH 160036 I 3 16 41

41 24 42 Southern : C. I. T. Campus, MADRAS 600113

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Branch Offices:

‘Pushpak’. Nurmohamed Shaikh Marg, Khanpur,

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SPeenya Industrial Area 1 st Stage, Bangalore Tumkur Road 38 49 55 BANGALORE 560058

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GUWAHATI 781003

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23 1083

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/nspaction Offices ( With Sale Point ):

Pushpanjali, First Floor, 205-A West High Court Road, 2 51 71 Shankar Nagar Square, NAGPUR 440010

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*Sales Office in Calcutta is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P. 0. Princep 27 68 00 Street. Calcutta 700072

tSales Office in Bombay is at Novelty Chambers. Grant Road, 89 65 28 Bombay 400007

$Sales Office in Bangalore is at Unity Building, Nerasimharaja Square, 22 36 71 Bangalore 566002

Reprography Unit, BE, New Delhi, India

AHENDMENT NO. 1 NOVEMBER 1987

TO

IS:5788-1986 SPECIFICATION FOR IRON CASTINGS WITH SPHEROIDILL. OR NODULAR GRAPHITE -FOR PRESSURE

CONTAINING PARTS FOR USE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

(First Revision)

(Page 4, clause 4.1) - Substitute the following for the existing clause:

'4.1 The chemical composition of the castings when determined in accordance with the methods specified in IS:228-1959* and/or any of its relevant part or

by any other established instrumental/chemical method, shall be as given below:

Constituent Percent

Total carbon, Min 3.0 Silicon, Max - 2.50 PhosphorurMax 0.08

In case of dispute the procedure specified in X:228-1959* or in its relevant part shall be the referee method.

No~te 1 - For each reduction of 0.01 percent *

below the maximum specified phosphorus .’

content, an increase of 0.08 percent silicon above the specified maximum will be permitted ’ up to a maximum of 2.75 percent.

Note 2 - Silicon content above 2.75 percent, or phosphorus above 0.08 percent have a tendency to lower the impact resistance of the material. If the carbon content is below 3.0 percent, excessive cementfte may form during cooling and if this is not removed during the annealing cycle, the impact resistance of the material may be lowered.'

*Method of chemical analysis of pig iron, cast iron and plain carbon and low alloy steels(revised).

(SMDC 9)

Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India