isimangaliso wetland park, terri castis
TRANSCRIPT
PPPProgramme
BackgroundtothePark
“PovertyamidstPlenty”
• Socio-economicneglectinformerhomeland
• Low-roadgrowthpath
– Stagna5on/decline– Embeddedinregionalfundamentals
– Human&ecologicaldisaster
• Keychallenge:Shi$ingthedevelopmenttrajectory
LubomboSpa5alDevelopmentIni5a5ve• 3countries• Anchorproject–iSimangaliso
iSimangalisowaslistedin1999forUniqueecologicalandbiologicalprocesses,superla5venaturalphenomena(senseofplace),&biologicaldiversity
Theinheritance:afailingstateasset• drought,• dryinguplakes,• planta9ons&otherincompa9ble
landuses,• 16differentmanagementregimes,• unauthoriseddevelopments,• collapsinginfrastructure,• threatofdunemining……
Unauthorisedagriculture
Collapsinginfrastructure
Unauthoriseddunedevelopment Swampforestdestruc>on
MajorTourismRoutes
TourismCommunityInvest&AccessRoads
InternalParkRoads
Consolida5onkeyecologicalareas(landrehabprogramme)
ParkFencing
Conserva5oninfrastructure(mg,rds,accommoda5on,bomasetc.)
Publicaccessinfrastructure(jeQy,hides,picnicsites,tourismroadsetc.
Transforma5on:Tourism–equity(transforma5onofsectorlocally–mandatorypartnerfocus);
Firststeps:
Landcare:rehabilita5onandaliencontrolBefore:
AHer:~20000haunderrehabilita5onandalien
control
ParkInfrastructure
Parkinfrastructureprogress
• 300kmoffencing• 290kmoftourismroads• 12ablu5ons• 8decks,viewpointsandpicnicsites• 3boardwalks(includingcanopy&aerial)• 4Newgatecomplexes• Beachfrontfacili5es(carpark,showers,
braaiareas)• 8Hides• 5JeZes• Signageinprocessofbeingupgraded• Waterpipesandreservoirs• Re5culatedwatertotourismcampsand
dayvisitorfacili5es• 2Campsite• Variousroadrepairs• Repairstoablu5ons• Fundingsourcedfromgovernment&otherdonors
Transforma5on&EconomicEmpowerment
CommercialInfrastructure
ResourceBase(Land)
ASSETOWNERSHIP
PercentageRevenuesharing:GatesConcessionfeesGamesales
EquitypartnersinlargedevelopmentOwnershipoftourismac>vi>es
Naturalresourceuse(biologicalresources)
Access
PlansIMPLAP(inc.RollingBusinessplan)
ResourceBase(Land)
BuiltInfrastructure
ASSETGOVERNANCE
LocalManagementHigherEduca5onAccessProgInformedofvacanciesPrivatesectorobliga5ons
StructuresBoardCo-managementcommiQee
iSIMANGALISOWETLANDPARKNDPALINEDTRANSFORMATIONFRAMEWORK
LocalEconomicDevelopment
Procurement
SECONDARYENTERPRISE
MandatorypartnerstatusLandcarecontracts:contracts&jobsMaintenance&infrastructurecontractsTourismdevelopmentcontractsandemployment
RuralenterpriseprogrammeArtandCraWprogrammesTourismskillsdevelopment
Atlocallevelprotec5onofWorldHeritagevaluesrequiresthedeliveryofeconomicbenefitsandtransforma5onalempowerement.
Annualpaymentsof8%ofiSimangaliso’sgrosscommercialrevenuetolandclaimantswithwhomishassignedco-managementagreements(8trusts)
76%ofexpenditureisBEE;AllcontractsissuedbyiSimangalisohavejobcrea5onandSMMEsubcontrac5ngrequirements;1200permanentjobsand166503localcommunitytemporaryjobs+120SMMEannuallyLevel1&2BEE
CBNRM:harves5ngofnaturalresources
• Ongoingsustainableresourceuse:(grazing,rushes,reeds,ilala,isikhonkho,fish)
• Naturalresourceharves5ngforsome80000peopleincludingsome1000subsistencefishers;
• 3500womencollectincemaeachyear• Agriculturalgardens
• CraHs22groups+200craHers.9fromNorth
• MrPrice• 50ar5sts;MosesMabhida
stadiumaswellasDubeTradeport.commissionsforR100000each
Higher Education Access Programme 87 bursaries to youth from the area. 18 of these (21%) of are from the
north. Pass rate 85%. 39 students have graduated to date
Tourismskillsdevelopment
• hospitality• chefs• NQF2(site)&NQF4(regional)tourguides• 80%employment
Internship-14internsfromlocalcommunity.8nowstaffinorganisa5on
Capacitybuildingforco-management
Equitableaccess
+70000peoplegetfreeentryonNew
Year’sday.
Pla[ormCreated• 8000directjobs• 2000to2014:<89%
tourismbusinesses&<46%beds
• 7%ofKZNTand1%ofSouthAfrica’stourismGDP
• Occupancy:frombelowna5onalave.toabove
• Gatenumbers:yearonyearincreaseno.andrevenue
• Businesslicenses• Highervisitorno.sthan
otherareasinKZN
TourismDevelopment
PublicPrivatePartnerships
SouthAfricanLaw–PFMA&specificallythePPPregula5ons• Accommoda5on• Ac5vi5eslicenses
Accommoda5onPPPs
• 3community-private-publicpartnershipswithlocalcommunity-ThongaBeachLodge,RocktailBayBeachCamp,MabibiCamp–equityfrom17.5to62%
• 1EIAunderway(100%community-ownership)
• 1refurbishmentunderway• 14newsitesbeingscoped• 11exis5ngsiteshavebeen
earmarkedforredevelopment
TourismAc5vityLicenses
• Propor5onoflicencesisreservedforcommunityowner/operatorswithequitypar5cipa5on–equitypar5cipa5ondependentonnatureofac5vity&riskprofile(usuallybetween60%and70%)
• Currently5licenseholdersinplace
PPPs
• InsourcingvsOutsourcing–shouldstatemoneybeusedtofundtourismgiventheinherentrisks
• PPPframework– risktransferfromstatetoprivatesector– Guaranteedincomestreamtothestate– Communitybenefits– Environmentalprac5ce– Challengesthatmustbeovercometoincreasetheappealofthetransac5ons
Regular Tourism Investments v Protected-area PPP
A regular tourist-accommodation investment
A tourist-accommodation PPP in a protected area
Capital growth: The investor is able to sell the property at a value that generally exceeds the initial investment.
There is no capital growth. The facility automatically reverts to the state without compensation for the improvements effected by the investor. At best, the outgoing Private Party may recoup part of the value of any movables taken over by the new operator.
Collateral for debt financing: The property can serve as collateral for debt finance, even in the case where the investment is on leasehold property.
Collateral for debt financing is limited to the investor’s rights under the PPP agreement, which in financial terms, are very limited. The investor would have to encumber other assets to secure finance. This is obviously unattractive to investors, given that the PPP bears a much higher risk than other non-PPP tourism investments
Regular Tourism Investments v Protected-area PPP
A regular tourist-accommodation investment
A tourist-accommodation PPP in a protected area
Risk: The investor assumes the full operational risk, including the risk of bankruptcy. However the investor may sell the project at any time to mitigate losses or avert bankruptcy. If further capital has to be injected into the project, it may be recovered through future profits and/or capital appreciation.
The investor assumes the full operational risk, including the risk of bankruptcy. It has no option but to continue to operate the project irrespective of the losses being and its prospects of recovery. If further capital has to be injected into the project, it may never be recouped since the life of the project is finite and there is no capital appreciation.
Finance for land claimants & traditional councils ("mandatory partners"): The investor is not required to raise or underwrite any mandatory partner’s share of the investment.
Protected areas are required to create benefits for mandatory partners in the form of equity amongst other things. Since the mandatory partners have little or no capital or assets, the primary investor must underwrite or guarantee the mandatory partner’s equity and share of debt finance, resulting in a disproportionate risk vis-à-vis return on investment.
Regular Tourism Investments v Protected-area PPP
A regular tourist-accommodation investment
A tourist-accommodation PPP in a protected area
Capital expenditure & operating costs: Capex and operating costs are not impacted by environmental and related factors typical of protected areas.
Capex and operational costs are appreciably higher in response to environmental strictures. For example, construction costs are higher because building takes place in remote and/or inaccessible areas; waste must be removed from the Park; specialised plant must be installed to deal with sewage; etc.
Target market: The investment project typically has access to a variety of markets (leisure, business, etc), enabling it to diversify its business risk.
The investment project is reliant exclusively on the leisure market, which is notoriously fickle and subject to vagaries beyond the investor’s control.
In many cases, due to the environmental strictures the projects are small resulting in high rack rates to ensure their viability. This is the more vulnerable segment of the tourism market during recessionary cycles.
TypicalStructureofaPPPiniSimangaliso
• Environmentalrequirementsinclude– Parkparameterssuchasenergysaving,wastemanagement
– Legalrequirementssuchasenvironmentalimpactassessments
• BEEvsCommunityinclusion– StandardrequirementisBEE– iSimangalisoaddi5onal-defineamandatorypartner,equityrequirements,jobcrea5on,skillsdevelopment,procurement
• Opera5onalandmarke5ngcapability• PPPfee&paymentholidays• Guarantees• Financialcontribu5on
PPPProcess
• TreasuryApproval(TA)I:feasibility– Environmentalscoping– Stakeholderanalysis– Marketreview– Projectviability– Ins5tu5onalcapacity– Infrastructureassessment– BEE– Procurementprocess– Riskanalysis– Con5ngentliability
PPPProcess
• TAI:feasibility– Environmentalscoping– Stakeholderanalysis– Marketreview– Projectviability– Ins5tu5onalcapacity– Infrastructureassessment– BEE– Procurementprocess– Riskanalysis– Con5ngentliability
PPPProcess
• TAII(a):approvalofprocurementdocumenta5on– Termrelatedtotheprojectedcapitalinvestmentandperiodtoensureareturn
– Periodcircumscribedbyna5onaltreasury– PPPfeebasedonprojectviabilityandtocoverthecostsofmanagementofthecontractandgiveareturntothepark;paymentholidayforEIAperiod
– Guarantees– Evalua5on&scoring
• TAII(b)–approvaloftheadjudica5onoutcome
PPPProcess
• TAIII:approvalofthecontractandmanagementplanformanagingthePPP
• Forac5vitylicensesthereisdiscre5oninthetoolkit–processanddocumenta5onsameasPPPexcludesthetreasuryapprovalprocess
2017 – 2019 Taking radical transformation & empowerment to the next level