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ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo LwezifundoAmaBanga-10–12

(UmGudu WokuFunda Jikelele)

IZILIMIISIZULU ULIMI LWESIBILI LOKWENGEZA

imfundoUMnyango WezeMfundoIREPHABHULIKI YASENINGIZIMU AFRIKA

UmNyango WezeMfundo

Sol Plaatje House123 Schoeman StreetPrivate Bag X895EPitoli 0001ENingizimu AfrikaUcingo: +27 12 312-5911Ifeksi: +27 12 321-6770

120 Plein StreetPrivate Bag X9023Cape Town 8000ENingizimu AfrikaUcingo: +27 21 465-1701Ifeksi: +27 21 461-8110

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© 2003 UmNyango WezeMfundo

ISBN 1-919975-38-1

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INDLELA YOKUSEBENZISA LE NCWADI

Lo mbhalo oyinqubomgomo wehlukaniswe izahluko ezine. Kubalulekile ukuthi umfundi awufunde abuyeadidiyele ulwazi oluvela ezingxenyeni ezehlukene zalo mbhalo. Okuqukethwe kwaleso naleso sahlukokuchaziwe ngezansi.

■ Isahluko 1 – Ukwethulwa kweSitatimende SikaZwelonke SohleloLwezifundo

Lesi sahluko sichaza imigomo kanye nesakhiwo nezimpawu zokuhlela ISitatimende SikaZwelonkeSohlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele). Sinikeza isingeniso sohlelolokufunda.

■ Isahluko 2 – Ukwethulwa KweNkundla yokuFunda YeziLimi

Lesi sahluko sichaza incazelo, inhloso, umklamo, ezemfundo nemikhakha yemisebenzi kanyenemiPhumela yokuFunda yeNkundla yokuFunda yeziLimi. Sinikeza indlela okuqhutshwa ngayoeNkundleni yokuFunda yeziLimi.

■ Isahluko 3 – ImiPhumela yokuFunda, Amazinga okuHlola, OkuQukethwe Nezimo

Lesi sahluko siqukethe Amazinga okuHlola alowo nalowo mphumela wokufunda nokuqukethwenezimo zesifundo. Amazinga okuHlola ahlelwe ukuze elekelele umfundi waleli bhuku ukuthi aboneintuthuko ehlosiwe ukusuka eBangeni- 1e -10 kuya kwele -12. Amazinga okuHlola abekwengendlela eyendlalekile emakhasini ahamba ngamabili. Ekugcineni kwesahluko kunezizathuzokusekela zokuqukethwe nezimo zokufundisa, zokufunda nokuzuza Amazinga okuHlola.

■ Isahluko 4 – Ukuhlola

Lesi sahluko siphathelene nendlela evamile yokuhlola. Ithebula lezincazelo zamakhono esifundwenilinikeziwe ekugcineni kwesahluko. Ithebula liqukethe ikhodi, isilinganiso nezincazelo zamakhonozalelo nalelo banga. Izincazelo zamakhono zihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ofundayo akwazi ukubonaukuthuthuka ukusuka eBangeni- le-10 kuya kwele-12.

ULimi – IsiZulu uLimi LwesiBili LokweNgeza

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■ Izimpawu

Izimpawu ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukubonisa imiPhumela yokuFunda, Amazinga okuHlola,amaBanga, iKhodi, isiLinganiso, IziNcazelo zamaKhono, OkuQukethwe neSimo:

= UmPhumela wokuFunda

= AmaZinga okuHlola

= IBanga

= IKhodi

= isiLinganiso

= IziNcazelo zamaKhono

= OkuQukethwe neSimo


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L

Z


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OKUQUKETHWE

INDLELA YOKUSEBENZISA LE NCWADI iii

IZIFINYEZO/AMA-AKHRONIMI ix

ISAHLUKO 1: UKWETHULWA KWESITATIMENDE SIKAZWELONKE SOHLELOLWEZIFUNDO 1

IMIGOMO 1

Ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo yomphakathi 2

Imfundo esekwe emiphumeleni 2

Ulwazi olunzulu namakhono aphekeme 3

Ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono 3

Inqubekela phambili yolwazi 3

Ukuhambisana nokuthwaleka 4

Amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela, ubulungiswa bezemvelo nezenhlalo yomphakathi 4

Ukwazisa izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko 4

Ukukholakala, uhlonze nokuqeqesheka/negunya 5

UHLOBO LOMFUNDI OLULINDELWE 5

UHLOBO LUKATHISHA OLULINDELWE 6

ISAKHIWO NEZIMPAWU ZOKUHLELA 6

Isakhiwo seSitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo 6

Okuqukethwe yiZitatimende zeziFundo eNkundleni yokuFunda yeziLimi

UMHLAHLANDLELA WEZINHLELO ZOKUFUNDA 8

ISAHLUKO 2: UKWETHULWA KWENKUNDLA YOKUFUNDA YEZILIMI 9

INCAZELO 9

INHLOSO 9

UMKLAMO 10

Ukudidiyela 10

Amazinga olimi 11

UKUXHUMANA KWEZEMFUNDO NEMIKHAKHA YEMISEBENZI 12

IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA 13

Umphumela wokuFunda 1: Ukulalela nokukhuluma 13

Umphumela wokuFunda 2: Ukufunda nokubukela 13

Umphumela wokuFunda 3: Ukubhala nokwethula 14

Umphumela wokuFunda 4: Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi 14

ISAHLUKO 3: IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA, AMAZINGA OKUHLOLA, OKUQUKETHWE NEZIMO 16

Umphumela wokuFunda 1: Ukulalela nokukhuluma 16

Umphumela wokuFunda 2: Ukufunda nokubukela 24

Umphumela wokuFunda 3: Ukubhala nokwethula 34

Umphumela wokuFunda 4: Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi 40

OKUQUKETHWE KANYE NEZIMO EZIBONAKALISA UKUZUZWA KWAMAZINGA OKUHLOLA 48

Ukusetshenziswa kwamathekisthi ekufundiseni kolimi 48

Ukuqonda ukuthi amathekisthi akhiwe kanjani 49


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ISAHLUKO 4: UKUHLOLA 53

ISINGENISO 53

KUNGANI KUHLOLWA 53

IZINHLOBO ZOKUHLOLA 54

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo 54

Ukuhlola okuxilongayo 54

Ukuhlola okwakhayo 54

Ukuhlola okuqoqayo 55

UKUHLOLA KUMELE KUBE NJANI FUTHI KWENZENI? 59

KUHLOLWA KANJANI 55

IZINDLELA ZOKUHLOLA 56

Ukuzihlola komfundi 56

Ukuhlolwa komfundi ngontanga 56

Ukuhlolwa kweqembu 56

IZINDLELA ZOKUQOQA UBUFAKAZI BOKUHLOLA 56

Ukuhlola okwesekwe ekuqapheleni 57

Ukuhlola okwesekwe esivivinyweni 57

Ukuhlola okwesekwe emsebenzini 57

UKUQOPHA NOKUBIKA 57

Izindlela zokuqopha 57

Ukubika ukusebenza nempumelelo 59

IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO ESIFUNDWENI 60

INQUBEKELA PHAMBILI 60

INDLELA AMAKHADI OKUBIKA OKUMELE ABUKEKE NGAYO 60

UKUHLOLWA KWABAFUNDI ABANEZINGQINAMBA EKUFUNDENI 61

IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO OLIMINI LWASEKHAYA 62

IGLOSARI (UHLU LWEZINCAZELO ZAMAGANA) 87


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IZIFINYEZO/AMA-AKHRONIMI

INgculaza (AIDS) HQ UkuHlola okuQhubekayo (CASS)MQQ IMfundo nokuQeqesho okuQhubekayo (FET)MQJ ImFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele (GET)SN ISandulela Ngculaza (HIV)ZLN IziNhlelo zoLwazi lweNdabuko (IKS)MSP ImFundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni (OBE)SZHF ISitatimende sikaZwelonke soHlelo LweziFundo (NCS)HQZ UHlaka lweziQu lukaZwelonke (NQF)MQZNA UMkhandlu wokuQinisekisa iZiqu waseNingizimu Afrika (SAQA)


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ISAHLUKO 1

UKWETHULWA KWESITATIMENDE SIKAZWELONKE SOHLELOLWEZIFUNDO

Ukwamukelwa koMthethosisekelo waseRephabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika (Umthetho we- 108 we- 1996)kwasinikeza isendlalelo sokuguqulwa nokwakhiwa kohlelo lokufunda eNingizimu Afrika. IsendlalelosoMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika sithi izinhloso zomthethosisekelo yilezi:

■ ukuqeda ubandlululo lwesikhathi esedlule nokwakha umphakathi onesisekelo samagugu entando yeningiubulungiswa bezenhlalo nesisekelo samalungelo esintu;

■ ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo lazo zonke izakhamuzi nokukhulula amakhono alowo nalowo muntu;■ ukubeka isisekelo somphakathi wentando yeningi novulelekile lapho uhulumeni egxile entandweni yabantu

nazo zonke izakhamuzi ezivikelwe ngumthetho ngokulinganayo; kanye■ nokwakha iNingizimu Afrika ebumbene nekhululekile ekwazi ukuthatha indawo yayo eyifanele enguzibuse

emndenini wezizwe.

UMthethosisekelo uqhubeka nokuthi “wonke umuntu unelungelo… lokuqhubeka nemfundo okumele uMbusouyenze ibe khona futhi itholakale ngokuqhubekayo, ngezindlela ezifanele.”

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sibekaisisekelo sokuzuzwa kwalezi zinhloso ngokubeka imiPhumela yokuFunda naMazinga okuHlola nokuveza obalaimigomo namagugu asekela uhlelo lwezifundo.

IMIGOMO

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sesekweemigomweni elandelayo:

■ ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo yomphakathi; ■ imfundo esekwe emiphumeleni; ■ ulwazi oluphakeme namakhono aphakeme; ■ ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono; ■ inqubekela phambili yolwazi; ■ ukuhambisana nokuthwaleka;■ amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela, ubulungiswa bezenhlalo yomphakathi; ■ ukwazisa izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko; kanye■ nokukholeka, uhlonze nokuqeqesheka / negunya.


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Ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo yomphakathi

UMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika (uMthetho we - 108 we-1996) wakha isisekelo sokuguqulwakwezenhlalo emphakathini owawukhungethwe ubandlululo. Ukuphoqeleka kokuguqulwa komphakathiwaseNingizimu Afrika ngezindlela ezahlukene kusukela emonakalweni owenziwa ubandlululo nhlangothizonke zalokho okwenziwa abantu, ikakhulukazi kwezemfundo. Ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo emfundweni kuhloseukubhekelela ukungalingani kwezemfundo kwesikhathi esedlula, nokuthi amathuba emfundo alinganayoatholwa yizo zonke izingxenye zezizwe. Ukuze inguquko yezenhlalo iphumelele bonke abantu baseNingizimuAfrika kumele baqiniswe ngokwezemfundo ngokwazisa amandla abanawo nokususwa kwezithiyo mbumbuluekuzuzeni ubungcweti bolwazi.

Imfundo esekwe emiphumeleni

IMfundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni yakha isisekelo sohlelo lwezifundo eNingizimu Afrika. Ngokuhlelaimiphumela okufanele izuzwe emva kwesikhathi, ImFundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni izama ukuthi bonkeabafundi bakwazi ukuthola izinga eliphelele lokufunda kwabo ngokuhlela Amazinga okuHlola okumele izuzweekupheleni komgudu wemfundo. ImFundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni igqugquzela indlela egxile kumfundinasekwenzeni kwakhe emfundweni. ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12(Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) Amazinga okuHlola yaso yamaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele)emiPhumeleni esemQoka neThuthukisayo eyagqugquzelwa nguMthethosisekelo wathuthukiswa ngenquboyentando yeningi.

ImiPhumela eSemqoka idinga ukuba abafundi bakwazi uku:

■ bona baxazulule izinkinga, bakwazi nokwenza izinqumo besebenzisa ukucabanga ngokuhlaziyanangobuchule;

■ sebenza ngokuzinikela nabanye njengamalunga eqembu, lombuthano kanye nomphakathi;■ zihlanganisa bangamele nemisebenzi yabo ngokuzinikela nangempumelelo;■ qoqa, bahlaziye, bahlele bahlanganise bahlolisise ngokucubungula ulwazi;■ xoxisana ngempumelelo besebenzisa izinto ezibukwayo, ukufanekisa ngezimpawu kanye namanye

amakhono olimi ngezimo ezahlukene;■ sebenzisa isayensi nobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo nangokuhlolisisa bekhombisa nokuzinikela

kwezemvelo kanye nempilo yabanye; kanye■ nokukhombisa ukuqondisisa umhlaba njengebandla lezinhlelo ezihlobene ngokubona ukuthi izimo

zokuxazulula izinkinga azenzeki ngazodwana.


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ImiPhumela eThuthukisayo idinga ukuba umfundi akwazi uku:

■ cabanga ngokuzindla aphinde ahlolisise izinhlobo zamasu okufunda ngokuyimpumelelo enkulu;■ hlanganyela njengesakhamuzi esibophezelekile empilweni kuleyo ndawo ahlala kuyo esizweni

nasemhlabeni wonke jikelele; ■ ba nozwela kumasiko nokwazisa ubuhle ezimweni ezahlukene zemiphakathi;■ cubungula ngezemfundo namathuba emikhakha yemfundo; kanye■ nokwenza amathuba amabhizinisi.

Ulwazi olunzulu namakhono aphakeme

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sihloseukuthuthukisa izinga eliphezulu lolwazi namakhono abafundi. Sihlela amathuba aphezulu angazuzwa abafundibaseNingizimu Afrika. Ubulungiswa bezenhlalo budinga ukuthi lezo zingxenye zabantu ababecindezelwengaphambilini ngenxa yokuswela ulwazi namakhono kumele banikwe amandla amakhono. ISitatimendeSikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo sikhombisa amazinga afanele olwazi namakhono okumele azuzwe kulelonalelo banga sihlele namazinga alindelekile angatholwa kuzo zonke izifundo.

Ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono

Ukuhlanganisa kutholakala phakathi nakuzo zonke izifundo kanye nezinkundla zokufunda. Ukuhlanganisaulwazi namakhono kuzo zonke izifundo nasezindaweni zokusebenzisa amakhono kubalulekile ekuzuzeniikhono lokuzenzela njengoba lichazwe oHlakeni lweziQu lukaZwelonke. Ikhono lokuzenzela lihloseukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu zamakhono-okuyikhono lokuzenzela, ikhono eliyisisekelo nelokucabangaEkwamukeleni ukuhlanganisa nekhono lokuzenzela. ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo LwezifundoamaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sifuna ukugqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kokufundwakwethiyori, ukwenza, ukusebenzisa ulwazi nokucabanga osekwenziwe.

Inqubekela phambili yolwazi

Inqubekela phambili ichaza inqubo yokuthuthukisa amakhono nolwazi oluseqophelweni eliphezulu nolunzimaIZitatimende zeziFundo zikhombisa inqubekela phambili yolwazi kusuka ebangeni ukuya kwelilandelayo.UMphumela wokuFunda ngamunye ulandelwa isitatimende esicacisa ngokusobala ukuthi yiliphi izingalokusebenza elilindelekile kulowo mphumela. Amazinga okuHlola ahlelwe ngesakhiwo esibonisa izingaelikhuphukayo lokulindelekile ebangeni ngalinye. Okuqukethwe nengqikithi yalelo nalelo bangakuzosikhombisa inqubekela phambili ukusuka kokulula ukuya kokunzima.


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Ukuhambisana nokuthwaleka

Ukuhambisana kwamabanga kuqondiswe ebudlelwaneni obukhona phakathi kweziqu emazingeni nomaemikhakheni eyahlukene oHlakeni lweziQu lukaZwelonke ngezindlela ezigqugquzela ukufinyelela usukakwesinye isiqu uya kwesinye. Lokhu kubalulekile kuziqu ezingena ngaphansi komgudu owodwa. Njengobasazi ukuthi umKhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo utholakala phakathi kwemikhakha yemFundonokuQeqesha Jikelele nemFundo ePhakeme, kubalulekile ukuthi iSitifiketi semFundo nokuQeqeshaokuQhubekayo (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sihambisane neSitifiketi semFundo nokuQeqesha Jikeleleneziqu emigudwini efanayo yemFundo ePhakeme. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu kuhambisana ukubhalwa kwalesoSitatimende sesiFundo kwahlanganisa ukuhlolisiswa kokulindelwe ezingeni lokuphuma eziZindeni zokuFundaemKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele, nalokho kokufundwayo okuthathwa njengokumele kube khonaemazingeni okungena ezifundo zohlobo lunye emFundweni ePhakeme.

Ukuthwaleka kuqondiswe ezingeni lapho ingxenye yesiqu (izifundo noma amaqophelo ezingxenye zesifundo)idluliselwa kwesinye isiqu semfundo emigudwini eyahlukene yokufunda yomkhakha ofanayo woHlakalweZiqu lukaZwelonke. Ngezinhloso zokuthuthukisa ukuthwala izifundo ezitholakele emaBangeni-10 – 12,izindlela ezehlukene zokwenza lokhu ezibhekisisiwe ezifana nokuthatha isifundo njengamaphuzu engama-20wokuklomelisa amaqophelo wezingxenye zesifundo. Izifundo eziqukethwe yiSitatimende SikazwelonkeSohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) ziqhathaniswa namaqopheloezingxenye zesifundo ezifanele zibhaliswe ngaphansi koHlaka lweziQu lukaZwelonke ukuze kusekelwekabanzi ukuthwaleka kwezifundo emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo.

Amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela, ubulungiswa bezemvelo nezenhlalo yomphakathi

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga 10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sifunaukuthuthukisa amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela nobulungiswa bezenhlalo nezemvelo. Zonke lezi ZitatimendezeziFundo ezintsha ezibalwe kulolu hlaka zihlanganiswe nemigomo namasu obulungiswa bezenhlalonezemvelo kanye namalungelo esintu njengoba echaziwe kuMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika. Ikakhulu,ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) siyazwelaezindabeni zokwehluka njengobuphofu, ukungalingani, ubuzwe, ubulili, ulimi, ubudala nokukhubazeka nezinyeizimo.

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) samukelaindlela edidiyelayo ngokukhomba izidingo ezimbalwa zabafundi bonke. Imfundo yazisa ukuthi bonke abafundikumele ukuba bakwazi ukuthuthuka ngokusemandleni abo uma nje bengakwazi ukuthola ukuxhaswaokudingekayo. Izidingo zomqondo, zenhlalonhle, zemizwa, ezomoya nezomzimba zabafundi zizokuqondiswanokubhalwa kwezinhlelo zokufunda ezifanele nangokusebenzisa izikhali ezifanele zokuhlola.

Ukwazisa izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko

Eminyakeni yawo 1960 ithiyori yezingqondo eziningi yaphoqelela abafundisi ukuba babone ukuthi ziningiizindlela zokuhlela ulwazi ukuze kuqondwe umhlaba nokuthi, ukuba umuntu bekufanele ukuba achaze kabusha


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ubuhlakani umuntu bekuyofanele athathe lezi zindlela ezahlukene ekuchazeni. Kuze kube ngaleyo nkathi izwelaseNtshonalanga lalisazisa ukuhleleka komqondo, ezezibalo, nokwazi amakhono olimi aqondile, lilinganisaabantu njengabantu “abakhaliphile” kuphela uma betshengisa la makhono. Manje abantu sebazisa izindlelazolwazi ezahlukene okungazo abantu abenza umqondo ngezwe abahlala kulona. Izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabukoendaweni yaseNingizimu Afrika zibhekiswe esilulwini solwazi esimbelwe ekucabangeni kwenzululwazi yase-Afrika nakwezenqubo yesimo senhlalo ezasunguleka eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eyedlula. ISitatimendeSikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) singenisa umqondowezinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko eZitatimendeni zesiFundo ukwazisa ukunotha komlando namasiko aleli lizwenomthelela okube nawo njengomsuka wenguquko ukusiza ekuguquleni amagugu abafundi. Ngokulethaizinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokubona izinto ukusiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga kuzo zonke izimo.

Ukukholakala, uhlonze nokuqeqesheka/negunya

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sihloseukuzuza ukukholeka ngokulandela uhlelo lwezinguquko nangokuhlinzeka ngohlobo lwemfundoolungaqhathaniseka ngokwegunya, ubude nobubanzi naleyo yakwamanye amazwe. Ukuqinisekisa ngokwegunyakumele kuhanjiswe ngokwezidingo zomThetho womKhandlu weziQu waseNingizimu Afrika (uMthetho wama-58we – 1995), imiThetho yokuQinisekisa uHlonze yemFundo nokuQeqesha, noMthetho wesiQinisekiso soHlonzewemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele kanye neQhubekayo (uMthetho wama-58 we—2001).

UHLOBO LOMFUNDI OLULINDELWE

Okusemqoka ekuzakheni kwethu njengabantu amagugu lawa asinikeza incazelo ezinkambweni zethuzokomoya wengqondo nokucatshangwayo. The Manifesto on Values, Education and Democracy (Departmentof Education, 2001:9–10) isho lokhu okulandelayo mayelana nemfundo namagugu:

Values and morality give meaning to our individual and social relationships They are the commoncurrencies that help make life more meaningful than might otherwise have been. An education systemdoes not exist to simply serve as a market, important as that may be for economic growth and materialprosperity. Its primary purpose must be to enrich the individual, and by extension, the broader society.

Uhlobo lomfundi olindelwe ilolo oluzothelelwa ngamagugu noluzokwenza konke kube sentandweniyomphakathi kugxiliswe ekuhlonipheni intando yeningi, ukulingana, ukuhlonipha isintu nobulungisabezomphakathi njengoba kugqugquzelwa uMthethosisekelo.

Umfundi ophuma emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo kumele akhombise ukuthi useyizuzileimiPhumela eSemqoka neThuthukisayo ebalwe ngasekuqaleni kwalo mbhalo. Izifundo ezitholakalaemFundweni eyisiSekelo ngokuqoqekile zigqugquzela ukuzuzwa kwemiPhumela eSemqoka neThuthukisayongenkathi izifundo ezithile ezingaphansi kwengxenye ewuMongo neyokweNgeza ngayinye zigqugquzelaukuzuzwa kwemiphumela ethile eyisiSekelo neThuthukisayo.


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Ngaphezu kwalokhu abafundi abaphuma emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo kumele:

■ babe nelungelo lokuthola imfundo, babe nempumelelo emfundweni nokuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayookunohlonze impilo yonke;

■ bakwazi ukutshengisa ikhono lokucabanga ngokuhleleka nangokuhlolisisa baphinde bacabangengokuphelele nangendlela yokuxazulula inkinga ngokungayiqondi ngqo; baphinde

■ bakwazi ukudlulisela amakhono abanawo ezimweni ezijwayelekile nezingajwayelekile.

UHLOBO LUKATHISHA OLULINDELWE

Bonke othisha nabafundisi nabanye abaphathi bezemfundo bangababambi qhaza abasemqoka ezinguqukwenizezemfundo eNingizimu Afrika. ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele) sihlose ukuba nothisha abanolwazi, abanamakhono okwenza umsebenzi, abazinikelayo,nabanakekelayo. Bazokwazi ukufeza izinhlobo zemisebenzi ababhekene nayo njengoba ihlelwe emiThethweninemiGomo yabaFundisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuba ngabaxhumanisi bokufunda, abahumushi nabahlelibezinhlelo nezinsiza kufunda nokufundisa, abaholi, abaphathi nezimenenja, izazi, abacwaningi nabafundiabafunda impilo yabo yonke, amalungu omphakathi, izakhamuzi nabelusi, abahloli, nochwepheshe bezifundo.

ISAKHIWO NEZIMPAWU ZOKUHLELA

Isakhiwo seSitatimende SikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) siquketheumBhalo oyiNcazelo jikelele, uHlaka lweNqubomgomo yeziQu nokuHlola kanye nomBhalo weZitatimendezesiFundo.

Izifundo ezitholakala eSitatimendeni Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFundaJikelele) zehlukaniswe ngeziNkundla zokuFunda.

Iyini iNkundla yokuFunda?

Inkundla yokufunda iyingxenye esebenza njengesizinda sezifundo eziwuhlobo lunye, nekhuthaza ukwakhiwakwemithetho yokudidiyela izifundo yeSitifiketi semFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele). Ukuhlukaniswa kweziNkundla zokuFunda zamaBanga-10 – 12 kubhekela ukuhambisananemikhakha yemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele nemFundo ePhakeme, kanye nezindlela zokuhlela zakwamanyeamazwe.


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Nakuba ukwakhiwa kweSitatimende SikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele) kusebenzise izinkundla zokuhlela eziyishuminambili uHlaka lweziQu lukaZwelonkenjengomsuka waso, kumele kugcizelelwe ukuthi lezi zinkundla zokuhlela eziyishumi nambili akuzonaiziNkundla zokuFunda noma ‘izinkundla zolwazi’ kodwa zixhunyaniswe ezinhlelweni zemisebenzi.

Inhlanganisela yezifundo elandelayo ihlukaniswe ngeziNkundla zokuFunda ukuze isize abafundi ekudidiyeleniizifundo:

■ IziLimi (eziyisiSekelo)■ UbuCiko namaSiko;■ EzamaBhizinisi, ezoHwebo, iziFundo zeziNsizakalo nokuPhatha;■ EzokuKhiqiza, ezobuNjiniyela nezobuChwepheshe;■ Inzululwazi ngaBantu nezokuHlalisana kwaBantu, neziLimi; kanye ■ Nenzululwazi yezeMvelo, eMethametiki, eKhompyutha, ezeMpilo nawezoLimo.

Siyini isifundo?

Isifundo endulo sasichazwa njengesilulu ‘solwazi’ lwemfundo. Lolu lwazi lwesifundo lugcizelela ulwazikunamakhono, amagugu nendlela yokuthatha/yokubheka izinto. Izifundo zazibukwa ngabanye njengeziyizintoezimile ezingaguquki, futhi zazinemingcele elukhuni engaguquki. Ngokujwayeleke kakhulu, izifundozazigcizelela kabanzi umthelela wolwazi lwaseNtshonalanga.

Ohlelweni lwemfundo esekwe emiphumeleni njengeSitatimende SikaZwelonke Sohlelo lweziFundo amaBanga10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele), imingcele isiyafiphala. Ulwazi luhlanganisa ithiyori, amakhononamagugu. Izifundo zibukeka njengeziguqukayo, okumele ukuba zamukele ulwazi olusha nolwahlukenezihlanganise nolwazi olwaluvame ukuba lungafakwa ohlelweni olusemthethweni lokufunda.

Isifundo ohlelweni lwemfundo esekwe emiphumeleni sichazwa kabanzi ngemiPhumela yokuFunda, hhayi njekuphela ngesilulu sokuqukethwe. Engqikithini yaseNingizimu Afrika, Amazinga okuHlola ngokuhlelekakumele iholele ekuzuzweni kwemiPhumela esemQoka neThuthukisayo. ImiPhumela yokuFunda ichazwakabanzi futhi ikhululekile, ikwazi ukuvumela ukungenisa izinto ezenzeka emphakathini okuphilwa kuwona.

Uyini umPhumela wokuFunda?

UmPhumela wokuFunda isitatimende somphumela ohlosiwe wokufunda nokufundisa, uchaza ulwazi,amakhono namagugu okumele umfundi awazuze ekupheleni komkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqeshaokuQhubekayo. ImiPhumela yokuFunda yakha iqoqa lezifundo.


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Liyini Izinga lokuHlola?

Amazinga okuHlola izimpawu ezichaza lokho umfundi amele ukukwazi, akwazi nokukwenza ebangeni elithile.Ihlanganisa ulwazi, amakhono namagugu adingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe Amazinga okuHlola. Amazinga okuHlolaekhona kulowo nalowo mPhumela wokuFunda itshengisa ngokuhlanganyela ukuthi ukukhula komqondokwenzeka kanjani ukusuka ebangeni ukuya kwelinye.

Okuqukethwe yiZitatimende zesiFundo eNkundleni yokuFunda yeziLimi

Yileso naleso Sitatimende sesiFundo siqukethe izahluko ezine kanye nokuchazwa kwamagama/iglosari.

■ Isahluko- 1, Ukwethulwa kweSitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo lweziFundo: Lesi sahluko esiqukethekonke sisethulela ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga 10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFundaJikelele).

■ Isahluko- 2, Ukwethulwa KweNkundla Yokufunda YeziLimi: Lesi sahluko sisethulela izimpawu ezisemqokazeNkundla yokuFunda yeziLimi. Siqukethe incazelo yenkundla yokufunda, inhloso, ububanzi, ezemfundonemikhakha yemisebenzi, nemiPhumela yokuFunda.

■ Isahluko- 3, ImiPhumela yokuFunda, Amazinga okuHlola, okuQukethwe neZimo: Lesi sahluko siquketheimiPhumela yokuFunda kanye naMazinga okuHlola ehambisana nayo, nokuQukethwe neZimoezibonakalisa ukuzuzwa kwaMazinga okuHlola.

■ Isahluko- 4, Ukuhlola: Lesi sahluko sichaza inqubomgomo yokuhlola sinikeze nezizathu zokusekelazokuqopha nokubika ekuhloleni. Siphinde sinikeze uhlu lokuchazwa kokwazi ukwenza okuqondene ngqonesifundo .

■ IGlosari: Lapho kufanele khona, uhlu lwamagama jikelele akhethiwe kanye naqondene ngqo nesifundoachaziwe ngamafuphi.

UMHLAHLANDLELA WEZINHLELO ZOKUFUNDA

UHlelo lokuFunda luchaza ububanzi bokufunda nokuhlolwa kwamabanga amathathu omkhakha wemFundonokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo. Luwuhlelo oluqinisekisa ukuthi umfundi uzuza Amazinga okuHlola njengobakunqunyiwe Amazinga okuHlola akulelo banga. UmHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda usiza othisha nabanyeabaklami beziNhlelo zokuFunda ekuhleleni nasekwakheni izinhlelo zokufunda nokufundisa nokuhlolaokunohlonze.


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ISAHLUKO 2

UKWETHULWA KWENKUNDLA YOKUFUNDA YEZILIMI

INCAZELO

Ulimi isikhali sokuba abantu bakwazi ukuveza imicabango, bakwazi ukuxhumana. Ukuhlukana ngamasikonobudlelwane bokuhlalisana bakhiwa buvezwe ngalo ulimi. Ukufunda ukusebenzisa ulimi ngempumelelokusiza abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukucabanga nokuthola ulwazi, ukuze bakwazi ukuveza ubuzwe babo, imizwanemicabango yabo, ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana nokwazana nabanye kanye nokuphatha umhlaba wonke.

INHLOSO

Ngokubona ukwahlukahlukana kwezilimi namasiko aseNingizimu Afrika, izakhamuzi zakhona kumele zikwaziukuxhumana ngazo zonke izilimi ngokungahlangabezani nezingqinamba zolimi, baqinisekise ukuhloniphanokuqonda amasiko nokuphathelene nezilimi. Ukwahlukahlukana kwezilimi kwamukelwa futhi kwenziwaigugu nguMthethosisekelo wezwe ngokuthi wenze izilimi eziyi-11 zibe semthethweni zihambisaneneNqubomgomo yoLimi emFundweni yobuliminingi obengezayo. Abafundi baphoqelekile ukufundaokungenani izilimi ezimbili njengeziyisiSekelo kanti ezinye izilimi zingafundwa njengeziwuMongo kanye /noma ezokuziKhethela.

EmKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu kolwazi lolimi lwasekhaya lomfundikuyagcizelelwa ukuze akwazi ukuba afunde nezinye izilimi zokwengeza. Ngesikhathi abafundi sebenza ibangale-10, basuke sebeke bahlangabezana futhi bazizama izilimi zokwengeza, kungenzeka nokuthi sebekebasebenzisa ulimi lokwengeza ekufundeni uMkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo okunikezaabafundi amathuba okuqinisa nokuthuthukisa amakhono abo okusebenzisa izilimi eziningi. Ngesikhathiabafundi beqhubeka namabanga aphezulu balindeleke ukuba bakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi ngokugelezaokukhulayo, ngobuchwepheshe nangokunembayo ezimweni ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo. Balindeleke ukubabazifundele futhi bazithuthukise ngokwabo ukuze bakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono obuliminingi ezimweniezehlukahlukene ezinzima neziphonsa inselelo.

Uhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo zamakhono okufunda nokuloba oludingekayo ukuze umuntu akwazi ukubamba iqhazangempumelelo emphakathini nasemsebenzini nasemnothweni womhlaba wonke jikelele weminyakaeyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nanye selukhule ngaphezu kokulalela nokukhuluma, ukufunda,ukubhala nobuciko bomlomo selufaka amakhono anhlobonhlobo anjengokusakaza, umdwebo, ulwazi,amakhompyutha, amasiko, kanye nokufunda nokuloba ngokuhlaziya. Uhlelo lwemfundo yoLimi lulungiselelaabafundi ngezinselelo abayobhekana nazo njengezakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika nanjengamalunguomphakathi womhlaba wonke.

UMkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo lwenza abafundi bakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingoeziningi zemiPhumela eSemqoka neThuthukisayo, kuhlanganisa nalokhu okulandelayo okuphokophelwe:

■ Ukuthuthukisa nokujulisa amazinga olimi abaluthole emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele, lokhukumbandakanya ukusebenzisa amakhono olimi ngokwengqondo adingeka ekufundeni kwabo ohlelwenilwemfundo yabo yonke, ukwazisa nokujabulela ubuhle bemibhalo, ukuze bakwazi ukulalela, ukukhuluma,ukufunda nokubhala ngokuzethemba nangenjabulo. Lo mqondo namakhono anjalo yikona okwenzaumongo wokuthokozela imfundo yempilo yabo yonke.

■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi ngendlela efanele ezimweni zempilo bebhekelela izethameli, inhloso nendawo. ■ Ukuveza nokusekela imicabango / imibono kanye nemizwa yabo ngokuzethemba ukuze bakwazi ukuba

abantu abazimele nabakwazi ukucabanga bajule. ■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi nemicabango yabo ukumela nokuhlola ulwazi lwabantu ngokusebenzisa amathekisthi

anhlobonhlobo, abafundi bakwazi ukucabanga nokuhlaziya ngezimpilo nolwazi lwabo nokuba bakwaziukubhekelela eminye imibono yomhlaba.

■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukufinyelela nokwengamela ulwazi lokufunda kulo lonke uhlobo lokufundanakwezinye izimo ezinhlobonhlobo. Ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala luyikhono elibalulekile kakhulu‘esikhathini solwazi’, lwakha isisekelo semfundo eqhubekayo.

■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi njengesikhali sokucabanga okunzulu nokunobuchule. Le nhloso iveza ukuthi ulwazilwakhiwa ngendlela okuhlaliswana ngayo emphakathini ngobudlelwane phakathi kolimi nomcabango.

■ Ukuveza imibono ephusile ngezinto eziphathelene nokuziphatha namagugu. Ukuze bakwazi ukwakhaizinto ezingamagugu kubo, abafundi kumele bazimbandakanye namathekisthi aphathelene namalungeloabantu nezibopho ezinjengamalungelo ezingane, abesimame, abakhubazekile, abadala nokunyeokuxhumeke kwezobuzwe, amasiko, izinkolelo, izinga lempilo, ezenkolo, ubulili, iSandulelangculazi/neNgculazi, inkululeko yokukhuluma, ukucwaninga izici nezemvelo.

■ Ukusebenzisa amathekisthi anhlobonhlobo ngokuhlolisisa. Abafundi bazokwazi ukubona nokuphonsainselele ngendlela yokubona izinto, amagugu, ubudlelwane bamandla obutholakala phakathikwamathekisthi.

■ Ukubona ukungalingani ngamazinga ezilimi ezahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo zolimi. Abafundi bazokwaziukuphonsa inselele ekucindezelweni kwanoma yiluphi ulimi noma uhlobo lolimi, bamele amalungelo olimilwabo emphakathini okhuluma izilimi eziningi.

UMKLAMO

Ukudidiyela

Ukufundisa nokuhlola kumele kubhekelele ukudidiyela bonke abafundi kuphinde kutholakale namasuokubasiza ukuze bakwazi ukuthola noma bakhiqize amathekisthi olimi. Abanye abafundi abahlangabezananezingqinamba angeke bakwazi ukuzuza eminye yala Mazinga okuHlola njengoba yethulwe eSitatimendeniSikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo. Ngakho-ke lokhu okulandelayo kumele ukuba kubhekelwe:

■ Amathemu ‘chaza’, ‘phinda uchaze’, ‘xoxa’, ‘phinda uxoxe’, ‘beka ngawakho amazwi’,‘khuluma’, ‘isho’,‘xoxa’ ‘bhunga’, ‘chaza’, ‘buza’ ‘nokuxoxisana’ kumele aqondwe njengokufaka zonke izinhlobo


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zokuxhumana ngomlomo nokuxhumana okulotshwayo, kufakwa nokuxhumana ngezimpawu nezinsizazokuxhumana. Ngokufanayo, igama elithi ‘okuxoxwa ngomlomo’ kuhlanganisa kufaka ukuxhumanangezimpawu nezinye izinsiza zokuxhumana.

■ Amathemu ‘lalela’, ‘bheka’, ‘funda’ nokubukela ahlanganisa izindlela zokuxhumana ezinjengokufundwakwezindebe zomlomo nokuqaphela ulimi lwezimpawu.

■ Abafundi abahlangabezana nezingqinamba ekuboneni bangadinga izinsiza noma izincwadi ezisezimweniezinjenge-Breyili, isiqophamazwi sokulalela, umbhalo omkhulu, izinsiza ezizodinga ukuba basebenziseimizwa yokuthinta kanye nemidwebo. Umqondo othi ‘ukubona ngokwengqondo’ ungavezwangokusebenzisa amalunga omzimba. Okuphathelene negama ‘funda’ kufaka imithombo enjenge-Breyilinamabhuku aqoshwe kuziqophamazwi.

Amazinga Olimi

Ukufundwa koLimi emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo kumbandakanya zonke izilimiezisemthethweni: IsiBhunu, IsiNgisi, IsiNdebele, IsiXhosa, IsiZulu, isiSuthu, isiPedi (isiSuthu sase-Lebowa),isiTswana, isiSwazi, isiVenda kanye nesiTsonga neBreyili noLimi lweziMpawu futhi kungangezwa ngezinyeizilimi ezamukelwe yiBhodi yeziLimi yaseNingizimu Afrika.

IZitatimende zeziFundo zoLimi LwaseKhaya, uLimi LokuQala LokweNgeza kanye noLimi LwesiBiliLokweNgeza zingahunyushelwa ezilimini ezingekho kuMthethosisekelo futhi lezi zilimi zingafundiswanjengeziNgxenye eziwuMongo noma ezokuzikhethela zoHlelo LweMfundo.

Zonke izilimi zingafundiswa kumazinga alandelayo:

■ ULimi LwaseKhaya: ULimi Lwasekhaya lomfundi kudingeka ukuba lwesekelwe futhi luthuthukiswe ukuzelunikeze isendlalelo esiqinileyo sokufunda izilimi zokwengeza. EmKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqeshaokuQhubekayo, zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni zaseNingizimu Afrika zinemiPhumela yokuFunda yoLimiLwaseKhaya esezingeni eliphakeme, engaqhathaniswa nezinga lomhlaba jikelele. Lokhu kuhambisananezidingo zomthethosisekelo zokulingana kwezilimi ezisemthethweni. Izinga lolwazi lolimi lwasekhayakufanele lube sezingeni elingenza ukuba lusetshenziswe njengolimi lokufunda nokufundisa. Amakhonookulalela nokukhuluma kumele kugqugquzelwe ukuba athuthukiswe, acolisiswe kodwa kuleli zingamakugcizelelwe ukuthuthukisa amakhono okufunda nokubhala omfundi.

■ ULimi LokuQala LokweNgeza: Ukufunda ulimi lokuqala lokwengeza kugqugquzela ulwazi lokukhulumaizilimi eziningi nokuhlangana ngezamasiko nokuxhumana. Imiphumela yoLimi LokuQala LokweNgezainikeza amazinga obuchwepheshe olimi ahlangabezana nesiqalo samazinga adingekayo ekufundeningempumelelo ohlelweni lonke, njengoba abafundi bengafunda ngoLimi LokuQala LokweNgeza esimwenisaseNingizimu Afrika. Lokhu kufaka amakhono olimi okucabanga nokufunda adingekayo ekucabangeninasekufundeni. Lokhu kubhekiswe kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni. Kuzoba khona ukugcizelelaokulinganayo kwamakhono okulalela, okukhuluma, okufunda nokubhala.


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■ ULimi LwesiBili LokweNgeza: Ukufunda ulimi lwesibili lokwengeza kuqhubela phambili ulwazilokukhuluma izilimi eziningi nokuxhumana ngokwamasiko. Nanoma amakhono okufunda nokubhalaezothuthukiswa, kuleli zinga kuzogcizelelwa ukuthuthukisa amakhono okukhuluma nokulalela. IzingaloLimi LwesiBili lokweNgeza kufanele libhekise ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu.

Engxenyeni eyiSisekelo yomkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo bonke abafundi mababebefunde izilimi ezimbili ezisemthethweni okungenani olulodwa LwaseKhaya nolulodwa oLimini LokuQalaLokweNgeza noma ezingeni loLimi LwaseKhaya. Olulodwa lwalezi zilimi malube uLimi LokuFundanokuFundisa. Ezingxenyeni zezifundo ezinguMongo nezeNgeziwe, izilimi ezisemthethweni zingafundwaezingeni loLimi LwaseKhaya, uLimi LokuQala LokweNgeza kanye/noma uLimi LwesiBili LokweNgezaikakhulukazi kubafundi abanothando lwezilimi nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lwezilimi eziningi.

UKUXHUMANA KWEZEMFUNDO NEMIKHAKHA YEMISEBENZI

EmKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele, izilimi zifundiswa esiZindeni sokuFunda seziLimi kantiesigabeni semFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo, iNkundla yeziLimi ixhumana nenkundla yokuhlelayokufunda: INkundla Yezokuxhumana nokufunda Ulimi yomKhandlu wokuQinisekisa iziQu waseNingizimuAfrika. Ukuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili izinqubomgomo zokuhlela ezifanayo zisetshenziswenjengasemKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele:

■ amakhono olimi okulalela, okukhuluma, okufunda nokubhala awumgogodla wokuthuthukisa AmazingaokuHlola; kanye

■ nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamathekisthi kusiza abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukuhlola izindabaeziphathelene nomuntu uqobo lwakhe, isizwe nomhlaba jikelele nokwakha ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba.

Ukufunda izilimi kungaholela emikhakheni yezilimi njengobuntatheli, ukuhumusha, ukufundisa ulimi,ukukhangisa, ukuxhumanisa njalonjalo. Kepha, kuyabonakala ukuthi izilimi ziyisisekelo sakho konkeukufunda, hhayi kuphela empilweni yansuku zonke kodwa nasendaweni yokusebenza. Ukuthuthuka kohwebokuncike ekhonweni lolimi lomfundi. Emhlabeni wobuchwepheshe obuncintisana ezingeni eliphakeme,ukungena komfundi kunqunywa ngekhono lokuxhumana lomfundi. Ulimi luyisifundo esiyisango okuthi umasifundiswa kabana sivimbele kakhulu amagunya omfundi okukhetha umsebenzi.

Ukwazi ukufunda nokuloba kuyisisekelo sokuqedelwa kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke kusiza emakhonweniumfundi azowasebenzisa impilo yakhe yonke ekubhekaneni nomhlaba. Ulimi luyisikhali esingenza lulaubudlelwane bomfundi nabantu abasemphakathini asondelene nawo nozwela ulimi olusetshenziswa ngalolunquma impumelelo nokwahluleka kobudlelwane obuningi phakathi kwabantu.


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IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA

Ububanzi nenhloso okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla kuhlanganiswe kwafingqwa kwaba Amazinga okuHlola amane.Nakuba le miphumela ihlelwe ngokwehlukana kumele ifundiswe, ihlolwe ngokuhlanganiswa esifundweni.

UmPhumela wokuFunda 1: Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Umfundi ukwazi ukulalela nokukhuluma kuhambisane nezinhloso, izethameli nezimo ezahlukahlukene.

Abafundi bayaqonda ukuthi ukukhuluma nokulalela kuyimisebenzi yokuhlalisana kwabantu okwenzekaezimweni ezithile kwenzelwa izinhloso nezethameli ezahlukene nokuthi ezethulwa ngomlomo kanye nesitayelaesisetshenziswa esimweni esithize, siyehluka kanjalo. Babona basebenzise ngokufanele amatheksthi athulwangomlomo nolimi olusetshenziswa ngokwabalaleli, inhloso nezimo ezinqunyelwe imigomo nezinganqunyelwemigomo.

Ukuxhumana nokulalela kuwumgogodla kuzo zonke izifundo. Ngokusebenzisa amasu ayimpumelelo okulalelanokuxhumana, abafundi baqoqa babuye bahlanganise ulwazi, bakhe ukwazi, baxazulule izinkinga nokwenekaimicabango nemibono. Amakhono okulalela ngokuhlolisisa enza izingane zikwazi ukubona amagugu nezimoezimbelwe emibhalweni nokuphonsa inselelo olimini olubandlululayo nolukhohlisayo.

UmPhumela wokuFunda 2: Ukufunda nokubukela

Umfundi ukwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze aqonde aphinde acubungule ngokuhlolisisa aphendulengezinhlobo zamathekisthi eziningi.

Amakhono athuthukiswe kahle okufunda nokubukela awumgogodla ekufundeni okuyimpumelelo kulo lonkeuhlelo lwezifundo nasekuzimbandakanyeni emphakathini nasemsebenzini. Abafundi bathuthukisaubuchwepheshe ekufundeni nasekubukeleni uhlu olubanzi lwamathekisthi, ngisho namathekisthi abukelwayoukuthola ulwazi. Abafundi babona ukuthi uhlobo lwamathekisthi nolimi olusetshenziswa ngokwenhloso,izethameli nesimo lubonisa kanjani inhloso, izethameli nesimo samathekisthi.

Abafundi basebenzisa izinhlu ezahlukene zamasu okufunda nokubukela ancike enhlosweni yabo yokufundakanye nohlobo lwamathekisthi. Abafundi bathola umqondo / umyalezo emathekisthini, babone amagugu nalokookucatshangwayo noma okuhlawumbeliswayo bese bephendula ngokuhlolisisa nangokucophelela. Ngokufundanokubukela abafundi beveza ubudlelwane ekubeni khona kwabo kanye nabanye. Ukufunda amathekisthikunikeza abafundi izibonelo zokubhala amathekisthi abo uqobo.


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UmPhumela wokuFunda 3: Ukubhala nokwethula

Umfundi ukwazi ukubhalela nokwethulela izinhloso nezethameli eziningi ezahlukahlukene esebenzisa izimisonezakhiwo ezifanele, ezimweni ezahlukene.

Ukubhala kuyisikhali esinamandla sokuxhumana esivumela abafundi ukuba bakhe baveze imicabangonemibono ngokubumbeneyo. Ukuzejwayeza ukubhala njalo, ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezimo, imisebenzinemikhakha yezifundo kwenza abafundi baxhumane ngenhloso nangobuchule. Inhloso wukuveza ababhaliabanekhono, abanengxubevange yolwazi abazokwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono abo okuthuthukisa amathekisthialotshiwe afanele, abukelwayo nasebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana ngokwezinhloso ezinhlobonhlobo.

UmPhumela wokuFunda 4: Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi

Umfundi ukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimi ngendlela efanele nangempumelelo.

Ngokusebenza nezimo eziyingxubevange zamathekisthi, abafundi bakhulisa amakhono abo okusebenzisa uliminokusebenzisa ukuqonda kwabo izakhi zolimi ngendlela eyamukelekile. Baba nekhono lokuhlolisisa ukuthiamagugu nobudlelwane bamandla kuzimelele kanjani olimini nokuthi ulimi lungaba namthelela munikwabanye.


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ISAHLUKO 3

IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA, AMAZINGA OKUHLOLAOKUQUKETHWE NEZIMO

AmaZinga okuHlola

Sikwazi lokhu uma umfundi ekwazi uku:

UmPhumela wokuFunda 1

Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Umfundi ukwazi ukulalela nokukhulumakuhambisane nezinhloso, izethameli nezimoezahlukahlukene.

■ khombisa ulwazi lwezinhlobo ezahlukenezokuxhumana ngomlomo ukufeza izinhlosozokuxhumana nabanye abantu:• phawula ngokwake kwenzeka, ekwazi

ukwethula impendulo engalungiselelwe,nokuxoxa indaba;

• qala abuye aqinise ingxoxo eholayo;

• nikeza abuye alandele izinkombandlelanemiyalezo ngokunembayo;

• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni eziholayozeqembu ngokuveza imicabango nemibonoyakhe nokulalela nokuhlonipha eyabanye,lapho exoxisana ngezindaba ezilinganiselweezejwayelekile;

• enza ingxoxo emfushane elungiselelwenoma ukwethula.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


■ khombisa ulwazi lwezinhlobo ezahlukenezokuxhumana ngomlomo ukufeza izinhlosozokuxhumana nabanye abantu:• phawula ngokwake kwenzeka, ekwazi

ukwethula impendulo elungiselelwenengalungiselelwe nokuxoxa indaba;

• qala abuye aqinise ingxoxo;

• nikeza abuye alandele izinkombandlelaneziyalelo eziqonde ngqo;

• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zeqembungokuveza imicabango nemibono yakhenokulalela nokuhlonipha eyabanye, laphoexoxisana ngezindaba ezejwayelekile;

• enza ingxoxo emfushane noma ukwethula.

■ khombisa ulwazi lwezinhlobo ezahlukenezokuxhumana ngomlomo ukufeza izinhlosozokuxhumana nabanye abantu: • phawula ngokwake kwenzeka, evikela

umbono, ekwazi ukwethula impenduloelungiselelwe nengalungiselelwe, nokuxoxaindaba;

• qala abuye aqinise ingxoxo;

• nikeza abuye alandele izinkombandlelaneziyalelo ngokunembayo;

• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zeqembungokuveza imicabango yakhe nemibononokulalela nokuhlonipha eyabanye, laphoexoxisana ngezindaba ezahlukeneezejwayelekile;

• enza ingxoxo emfushane noma ukwethula.

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■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela nokucwaningaokuzokwethulwa ngomlomo: • cwaninga ngesihloko esejwayelekile

ngokuhlwaya emithombolwazini eyahlukeneenikeziwe nefanele;

• hlela ulwazi ngokuhambisanakwemicabango ngokukhetha imibononemininingwane noma izibonelo ezisemqokaukuze asekele;

• bona abuye akhethe ulwazimagama, izakhizolimi nezakhiwo;

• lungiselela izingeniso neziphetho ezifanele;

• sebenzisa ezinye izinsiza ezibonwayo,ezilalelwayo nezilalelwa zibukelwenjengamashadi, amaphosta, izithombe,amasilayidi, imifanekiso, umculo, umsindonezinto zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa ugesi.

AmaZinga okuHlola


UmPhumela wokuFunda 1(Uyaqhutshwa)



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ngokuhlwaya emithombolwazinieyahlukene;

• hlela ulwazi ngokuhambisanakwemicabango ngokukhetha imibononemininingwane noma izibonelo ezisemqokaukuze asekele;

• bona abuye akhethe ulwazimagama, izakhinezakhiwo zolimi ezifanele;

• lungiselela izingeniso neziphetho ezifanele;

• sebenzisa izinsiza ezifanele ezibonwayo,ezilalelwayo nezilalelwa zibukelwenjengamashadi, amaphosta, izithombe,amasilayidi, imifanekiso, umculo, umsindonezinto zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa ugesi.


ngokuhlwaya emithombolwazinieyahlukene;

• hlela ulwazi ngokuhambisanakwemicabango ngokukhetha imibonoesemqoka nemininingwane efanele nomaizibonelo ezisemqoka ukuze asekele;

• bona abuye akhethe ulwazimagama, izakhinezakhiwo zolimi ezifanele;

• lungiselela izingeniso neziphethoeziyimpumelelo;

• sebenzisa izinsiza ezifanele ezibonwayo,ezilalelwayo, nezilalelwa zibukelwenjengamashadi, amaphosta, izithombe,amasilayidi, imifanekiso, umculo, umsindonezinto zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa ugesi.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amakhono okulalela nokwethulainkulumo ngomlomo: • sebenzisa amasu obuciko bokukhuluma

ajwayelekile njengemibuzombumbulu,ukuhlaba ikhefu, ukuphindaphinda;

• sebenzisa abuye ananele ngokufaneleephinjeni, ukuqina kwezwi, ukubukaizethameli nokumiswa komzimba nezithozomzimba ngendlela eyamukelekile abuyeananele ngokufanele;

• phimisa amagama ajwayelekile ngaphandlekokuguqula umqondo;

• bonisa ukuqondisisa kwamathekisthi ethulwangomlomo ngokubhala amanothikanye/noma ngokuphinda alande;

• lalela ngokuhlolisisa abuye ananelengemibuzo eqondile ukuze atholeukucaciseleka.

AmaZinga okuHlola


UmPhumela wokuFunda 1Uyaqhutshwa



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• sebenzisa abuye ananele ngokufaneleephinjeni, ukuqina kwezwi, ukubukaizethameli ukumiswa komzimba nezithozomzimba ngendlela eyamukelekile abuyeananele ngokufanele;

• phimisa amagama ajwayelekile ngaphandlekokuguqula umqondo;

• bonisa ukuqondisisa amathekisthi ethulwangomlomo ngokubhala amanothi amaphuzuasemqoka, izinhlu zokubheka okukhonanokungekho, ukufingqa kanye/nomangokuphinda alande nokuchaza imibonoesemqoka;

• lalela ngokuhlolisisa abuye ananelengemibuzo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka.



• esebenzisa abuye ananele ngokufaneleephinjeni, ukuqina kwezwi, ukusheshanokunensa, ukubuka izethameli nokumiswakomzimba nezitho zomzimba ngendlelaeyamukelekile abuye ananele ngokufanele;

• phimisa amagama ngaphandle kokuguqulaumqondo;

• bonisa ukuqondisisa amathekisthi ethulwangomlomo ngokubhala amanothi amaphuzuasemqoka, izinhlu zokubheka okukhonanokungekho, ukufingqa kanye/ nomangophinda alande nokuchaza imibonoesemqoka nesekelayo;

• lalela ngokuhlolisisa abuye ananelengemibuzo ehlukene eqondile ukuze atholeukucaciseleka.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa indlelaulimi olusebenza ngayo lapho kukhulunywa: • sebenzisa isitayela nerejista okufanele

inhloso, izethameli nesimo ngokuqaphelaokuthuthukayo;

• hlola umahluko phakathi kwamaqinisonemibono;

• phawula ngokusetshenziswa kolimi abuyeazame ukusekela;

• hlola ubudlelwane phakathi koliminamasiko;

• bona aphinde aphonse inselelo oliminiolukhohlisayo olusobalanjengasezikhangisini.

AmaZinga okuHlola





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inhloso, izethameli nesimo;

• qala ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwamaqinisonemibono;

• phawula ngokusetshenziswa kolimi abuyeasekele ngobufakazi;

• bona ubudlelwane phakathi koliminamasiko;

• bona aphinde aphonse inselelo oliminiolusobala oluvusa imizwa nolukhohlisayonjengasenkulumozeni (iphrophaganda)nasezikhangisini.


inhloso, izethameli nesimo;

• qala ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwamaqinisonemibono;

• phawula ngokusetshenziswa kolimi abuyeasekele ngobufakazi;

• hlola ubudlelwane phakathi koliminamasiko;

• bona aphinde aphonse inselelo oliminiolusobala oluvusa imizwa nolukhohlisayonjengasenkulumozeni (iphrophaganda)nasezikhangisini.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amasu anhlobonhlobo okufundanokubukela ukuze akuqondisise aphindeakunambithisise: • buza imibuzo ukuveza ukubikezela

okusobala; • funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ehlunga

ukuze aveze umqondo osemqokangokufunda izihloko, izingeniso, imishoeyisingeniso yezigaba;

• funda ngokushesha amathekisthiayingcosana ajwayelekile ewakha phezuluukuze athole ulwazi oluthile;

• funda ngokushelelayo ngokwenhlosonangokomsebenzi awunikeziwe;

• fingqa imiqondo esichaziwe esemqokayemathekisthi ngamaphuzu;

• thola incazelo yamagama angajwayelekilenoma/kanye imifanekiso ezimweniezijwayelekile kakhulu ngokusebenzisaulwazi lohlelo lolimi, izinkomba zesimo,umsindo, umbala, nokusebenzisa imizwa;

• fundisisa, ebukisisa aphinde abuyekezeukuze aqondisise.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela

Umfundi ukwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze aqondeaphinde acubungule ngokuhlolisisa aphendulengezinhlobo zamathekisthi eziningi.

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■ khombisa amasu anhlobonhlobo okufundanokubukela ukuze akuqondisise aphindeakunambithisise: • buza imibuzo ukuveza ukubikezela;

• funda ngokushesha amatheksthi ehlungaukuze aveze umqondo osemqokangokufunda izihloko, izingeniso, imishoeyisingeniso yezigaba;

• funda ngokushesha amatheksthi ahlukeneajwayelekile ewakha phezulu ukuze atholeulwazi oluthile;


• fingqa imiqondo esemqoka yemathekisthingemisho nangamaphuzu;

• thola incazelo yamagama angajwayelekilenoma/kanye imifanekiso ezimweniezijwayelekile ngokusebenzisa ulwazilohlelo lolimi, izinkomba zesimo, umsindo,umbala, ukuhlela nokusebenzisa imizwa;


■ khombisa amasu anhlobonhlobo okufundanokubukela ukuze akuqondisise aphindeakunambithisise:• buza imibuzo ukuveza ukubikezela;

• funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ehlungaukuze aveze umqondo osemqokangokushesha ngokufunda izihloko,izingeniso, imisho eyisingeniso yezigaba;

• funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ewakhaphezulu ukuze athole ulwazi oluthile;


• fingqa imiqondo esemqoka nesekelayoyemathekisthi ngamaphuzu, ngemishonangezigaba;

• thola incazelo yamagama angajwayelekilenoma/kanye imifanekiso ezimweniezijwayelekile ngokusebenzisa ulwazilohlelo lolimi, izinkomba zesimo, umsindo,umbala, ukuhlela nokusebenzisa imizwa;


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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ chaza izincazelo zezinhlobo zokuxhumanaezihlukene ezilotshiwe, ezibonwayo, nezilalelwazibukelwe:• thola ulwazi nemniningwane emathekisthini;

• bona umbono wombhali/ womlandi/womlingiswa;

• hlola amasu obuciko bokukhulumanezifenqo njengesifaniso, isingathekiso,uphawu nokuqhathanisa nokuthi ziwulongakanjani umqondo;

• hlola izinqumo zombhali abuyeaziqhathanise nezakhe;

• humusha emathekisthi anhlobonhloboayimidwebo ajwayelekile akhethiwe;

• qala ukunikeza izimpendulo okungezakheematheksthini ajwayelekile.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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■ chaza izincazelo zezinhlobo zokuxhumanaezehlukene, ezilotshiwe, ezibonwayo,nezilalelwa zibukelwe:• thola ulwazi nemininingwane

emathekisthini; • chaza umbono wombhali/womlandi/

womlingiswa anike ubufakazi bokusekelaamaphuzu nobuvela emathekisthini;

• chaza amasu obuciko bokukhulumanezifenqo njengesifaniso, isingathekiso,isihlanekezelo, uphawu nokuqhathanisanokuthi ziwulolonga kanjani umqondo;

• chaza izinqumo zombhali aziqhathanisenezakhe;

• humusha amathekisthi anhlobonhloboayimidwebo ajwayelekile;

• nikeza izimpendulo okungezakhekumathekisthi.

■ chaza izincazelo zezinhlobo zokuxhumanaezehlukene, ezilotshiwe, ezibonwayo,nezilalelwa zibukelwe:• thola ulwazi nemininingwane

emathekisthini;• chaza umbono wombhali/womlandi/

womlingiswa anike ubufakazi bokusekelaamaphuzu nobuvela emathekisthini;

• chaza amasu obuciko bokukhulumanezifenqo njengesifaniso, isingathekiso,ukwenzasamuntu, isihlanekezelo, uphawunokuqhathanisa nokuthi ziwulolonga kanjaniumqondo;

• chaza izinqumo zombhali aziqhathanisenezakhe;

• humusha amathekisthi anhlobonhloboayimidwebo ajwayelekile;

• nikeza abuye asekele izimpendulookungezakhe kumathekisthi.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ bona ukuthi ulimi nemifanekiso kungabuyisakulolonge kanjani amagugu nesimo sokubhekaizinto ematheksthini: • bona ukuthi amathekisthi aqukethe amagugu,

isimo sokubheka izinto nezinkoleloeziphathelene nezenhlalo namasiko/umbusazwe njengesimoesiphathelene nezindaba ezithinta ubulili,ubudlelwane bamandla, amalungelo esintunezemvelo ematheksthini;

• bona imibono nezindikimba kumathekisthiajwayelekile.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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■ bona ukuthi ulimi nemifanekiso kungabuyisakulolonge kanjani amagugu nesimo sokubhekaizinto:• chaza amagugu, isimo sokubheka izinto

nezinkolelo ezisobala eziphathelenenezenhlalo na masiko/umbusazweemathekisthini njengesimo esiphathelenenezindaba ezithinta ubulili, ubudlelwanebamandla, amalungelo esintu nezemvelo;

• chaza imibono nezindikimba emathekisthini.

■ bona ukuthi ulimi nemifanekiso kungabuyisalulolonge kanjani amagugu nesimo sokubhekaizinto:• chaza amagugu, isimo sokubheka izinto

nezinkolelo eziphathelene nezenhlalo namasiko/umbusazwe emathekisthininjengesimo esiphathelene nezindabaezithinta ubulili, ubudlelwane bamandla,amalungelo esintu nezemvelo;

• chaza imibono nezindikimba emathekisthini.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ hlola izimpawu ezigqamileyo zemathekisthinokuthi ziholela kanjani kokuchazwayo (lezizakhiwo azingafundiswa ngokuhlukaniswanemathekisthi):

* amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezonawokuqanjwa:• bona achaze inhloso, isakhiwo

nokusetshenziswa kolimi emathekisthiniajwayelekile njengokuphinda ulande,ukucacisa, ukufanekisa nokuchaza.

* amathekisthi awumbhalo:

• chaza ukukhula kwesakhiwo, isakhiwanakanye nomlingiswa;

• hlola imiyalezo nezindikimba;

• hlola isimo senhlalo nesizinda;

• chaza ukukhethwa kwamagama,imifanekisomqondo namasuokusebenzisa imisindo ezinkondlwenieziqondile/ amaculo;

• bona ukuthi imvumelwano, isigqinezimpawu zokukhanyisa nezamakhefuziwulolonga kanjani umqondo;

• hlola ukusetshenziswa kwenkulumompendulwano nesenzeko.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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■ hlola izimpawu ezigqamile zemathekisthinokuthi ziholela kanjani kokuchazwayo (lezizakhiwo azingafundiswa ngokuhlukaniswanemathekisthi):


nokusetshenziswa kolimi ematheksthininjengemibiko, ukuphinda ulande,ukufanekisa, ukucacisa nokuchaza.

* amathekisthi wemibhalo:

• chaza ukukhula kwesakhiwo,isakhiwana, umlingiswa;

• hlola imiyalezo nezindikimbaakuqondise embhalweni wonke;

• chaza ukuthi isimo senhlalo nesizindakudlelana kanjani nomlingiswa kanye/noma indikimba;

• hlola ukukhethwa kwamagama,imifanekisomqondo namasuokusebenzisa umsindo;

• bona ukuthi imvumelwano, isigqinezimpawu zokukhanyisa nezamakhefuziwulolonga kanjani umqondo;

• chaza ukusetshenziswa kwenkulumompendulwano nesenzeko.

■ hlola izimpawu ezigqamile zemathekisthinokuthi ziholela kanjani kokuchazwayo (lezizakhiwo azingafundiswa ngokuhlukaniswanemathekisthi):


nokusetshenziswa kolimi ematheksthininjengemibiko, ukuphinda ulande,ukuchaza, ukufanekisa, nokucacisa.

* amathekisthi wemibhalo:

• chaza ukukhula kwesakhiwo, isakhiwoesincikile, nomlingiswa;

• humusha imiyalezo nezindikimbanokubaluleka kwazo embhalweniwonke;

• chaza ukuthi isimo senhlalo nesizindakudlelana kanjani nomlingiswa kanye/noma indikimba;

• humusha ukukhethwa kwamagama,imifanekisomqondo namasuokusebenzisa umsindo;

• chaza ukuthi imvumelwano, isigqinezimpawu zokukhanyisa nezamakhefuziwulolonga kanjani umqondo;

• chaza ukusetshenziswa kwenkulumompendulwano nesenzeko.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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* amathekisthi abonwayo alalelwayo,nasebenzisa izindlela ezehlukenezokuxhumana:

• hlola ukusetshenziswa kwamasu avamileokubonwayo, okulalelwayo nokulalelwakubukelwe njengokusetshenziswakombala, izihlokwana, umculo, umsindo,ukukhanyisa, namasu okusetshenziswakwesithwebuli.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela

Umfundi ukwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze aqondeaphinde acubungule ngokuhlolisisa aphendulengezinhlobo zamatheksthi eziningi.

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* amathekisthi abonwayo, alalelwayonasebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana:• chaza ukusetshenziswa kwamasu

avamile okubonwayo, okulalelwayonokulalelwa kubukelwenjengokusetshenziswa kombala,izihlokwana, umculo, umsindo,ukukhanyisa, namasu okusetshenziswakwesithwebuli.

* amathekisthi abonwayo, alalelwayonasebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana:• chaza ukusetshenziswa kwamasu

avamile okubonwayo, okulalelwayonokulalelwa kubukelwenjengokusetshenziswa kombala,izihlokwana, umculo, umsindo,ukukhanyisa, namasu okusetshenziswakwesithwebuli.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela ekubhaleniukufeza inhloso eqondiwe, izethameli nesimo: • chaza izidingo zemisebenzi ejwayelekile

embalwa; • bona izethameli eziqondiwe nenhloso ethize

njengokuchaza, ukwazisa, ukufanekisa;

• bona achaze izinhlobo zematheksthiokumele abhalwe njengawokunika ulwaziaqanjiwe, amathekisthi emiyalezonasebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana;

• thatha isinqumo mayelana nesitayelanesakhiwo esifanele samathekisthiajwayelekile;

• cwaninga ulwazi olufanele ngezihlokoezivela emithombolwazini ejwayelekilekanye nakokutholiwe okubhaliwe;

• thola, ahlunge, ahlele aphinde ahlanganiseulwazi olufanele oluvela emithombolwaziniejwayelekile;

• kha abuye ahlele imiqondo ngokulandelanangokusebenzisa amasu anjengebalazwelengqondo lokukhumbuza, imidwebo,izinhlu zamagama asemqoka,amafulowushadi;

• sebenzisa imisuka engatheni ebonwayoneyokusungulwa ngokufanele.

AmaZinga okuhola

Sikwazi lokhu uma umfundi ekwaziuku/ukwe/ukwa:


Ukubhala nokwethula

Umfundi ukwazi ukubhalela nokwethulela izinhlosonezethameli eziningi ezahlukahlukene esebenzisaizimiso zolimi nezakhiwo ezifanele, ezimweniezahlukene.

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■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela ekubhaleniukufeza inhloso eqondiwe, izethameli nesimo: • chaza izidingo zemisebenzi ehlukene

ejwayelekile; • bona izethameli eziqondiwe nenhloso ethize

njengokuchaza, ukulanda, ukucacisa,ukwazisa, ukufanekisa;

• bona achaze izinhlobo zemathekisthiokumele abhalwe njengawomcabango, anikaulwazi, aqanjiwe, wemilayezo nasebenzisaizindlela eziningi zokuxhumana.

• thatha isinqumo abuye asebenzise isitayelanesakhiwo esifanele samathekisthi;

• cwaninga ulwazi ngezihloko ezivelaemithombolwazini enhlobonhlobo kanyenakokutholiwe okubhaliwe;

• thola, ahlunge, ahlele aphinde ahlanganiseulwazi olufanele oluvela emithombolwaziniejwayelekile;

• kha abuye ahlele imicabango ehambelanayongokusebenzisa amasu anjengebalazwelengqondo lokukhumbuza, imidwebo,izinhlu zamagama asemqoka,amafulowushadi;

• sebenzisa imisuka engatheni ebonwayoneyokusungulwa ngokufanele.

■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela ekubhaleniukufeza inhloso eqondiwe, izethameli nesimo: • chaza izidingo zemisebenzi ekhethiwe

ehlukene • bona izethameli eziqondiwe nenhloso ethize

njengokuchaza, ukulanda, ukucacisa,ukwazisa, ukufanekisa, nokukhohlisa;

• bona achaze izinhlobo zamatheksthiokumele abhalwe njengawomcabango, anikaulwazi, aqanjiwe, wemilayezo nasebenzisaizendlela eziningi zokuxhumana;

• thatha isinqumo abuye asebenzisengempumelelo isitayela nesakhiwo esifaneleamathekisthi;

• cwaninga ngezihloko ezivelaemithombolwazini enhlobonhlobo kanyenakokutholiwe okubhaliwe;

• thola, ahlunge, ahlele aphinde ahlanganiseulwazi olufanele oluvela emithombolwazinienhlobonhlobo;

• thuthukisa imiqondo ehambelanayo abuyeayihlele ngokusebenzisa amasuanjengebalazwe lengqondo lokukhumbuza,imidwebo, izinhlu zamagama asemqoka,amafulowushadi;

• sebenzisa imisuka ehlukahlukene ebonwayoneyokusungulwa ngokufanele.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa ubuciko namasu okuloba ekubhaleniizinhlaka zokuqala: • sebenzisa imicabango esemqoka nesekelayo

ngesikhathi sokuhlela;• bona abuye asebenzise izimo zokukhuluma,

amagama, ukufanekisa, umbala, ukubekaendaweni nomsindo;

• sebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisho,nemisho enobude nezakhiwo ezehlukenengokufanele;

• sebenzisa izimiso zokwakha izigabaukuthuthukisa ukuhambisana kwemicabangongokusebenzisa imisho eyisihloko,isingeniso nesiphetho;

• sebenzisa izihlanganiso, izivumelwano,izabizwana nezandiso ukuze athuthukiseukuhlangana kwemicabango.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukubhala nokwethula

Umfundi ukwazi ukubhalela nokwethulela izinhlosonezethameli eziningi ezahlukahlukene esebenzisaizimiso nezakhiwo ezifanele, ezimweni ezahlukene.

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ngesikhathi sokuhlela;• bona abuye asebenzise izimo zokukhuluma

ezifanele, amagama, ukufanekisa, umbala,ukubeka endaweni nomsindo;

• sebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zemisho,nemisho enobude nezakhiwo ezehlukene;

• sebenzisa izimiso zokubhala izigabaukuthuthukisa ukuhambisana kwemicabangongokusebenzisa imisho eyisihloko,isingeniso nesiphetho;



ngempumelelo ngesikhathi sokuhlela;• bona abuye asebenzise izimo zokukhuluma

ezifanele, amagama, ukufanekisa, umbala,ukubeka endaweni nomsindo;

• sebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zemisho,nemisho enobude nezakhiwo ezehlukene;

• sebenzisa izimiso zokubhala izigabaukuthuthukisa ukuhambisana kwemicabangongokusebenzisa imisho eyisihloko,isingeniso nesiphetho, ukuqhubekelaphambili kwezigaba okubumbene;


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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa ukuzindla ahlaziye umsebenzi wakhe,eqaphela umbono wabanye aphinde ahlele kahleumsebenzi ethule uhlaka lokugcina:• sebenzisa izindlela ezihleliwe zokuhlola

umsebenzi obhaliwe wakhe nowabanye;

• thuthukisa ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango kwesakhiwo sonkana;

• bhekisisa ukuthi ingabe okuqukethwe,isitayela nemiphumela kulungele inhloso,izethameli nesimo;

• qinisa imibono yakhe ngozwela oluthile;

• colisisa ukukhethwa kwamagama isakhiwosemisho nezigaba asuse amaphutha asobalanolimi oluhlambalazayo;

• bonisa uzwela kumalungelo esintu,ukuhlalisana kwabantu, amasikompilo,ezemvelo neziphathelene nenkamboelungileyo;

• lungisa imibhalo ukuze enze uhlakalokugcina ngokucubungula amaphuthanokuhlela;

• thula uhlaka lokugcina ebhekelela isitayelasokwethula esifanele njengamathekisthiabhaleke ahleleka ngobunono bekati nomaiphosta elithatha amehlo ngokwemibala.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukubhala nokwethula

Umfundi ukwazi ukubhalela nokwethulela izinhlosonezethameli eziningi ezahlukahlukene esebenzisaizimiso zolimi nezakhiwo ezifanele, ezimweniezahlukene.

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■ khombisa ukuzindla ahlaziye umsebenzi wakhe,eqaphela umbono wabanye aphinde ahlele kahleumsebenzi ethule uhlaka lokugcina: • sebenzisa izindlela ezihleliwe zokuhlola


• thuthukisa ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakemicabango kwesakhiwo sonkana;

• bhekisisa ukuthi ingabe okuqukethwe,isitayela nemiphumela kulungele inhloso,izethameli nesimo;

• qinisa imbono yakhe ngokuzethembaokuthuthukayo;




• thula umkhiqizo wokugcina ebhekelelaisitayela sokwethula esifanelenjengamathekisthi abhaleke ahlelekangobunono bekati noma iphosta elithathaamehlo ngokwemibala.

■ khombisa ukuzindla ahlaziye umsebenzi wakhe,eqaphela umbono wabanye aphinde ahlele kahleumsebenzi ethule uhlaka lokugcina: • sebenzisa izindlela ezihleliwe zokuhlola


• thuthukisa ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango kwesakhiwo sonkana;

• bhekisisa ukuthi ingabe okuqukethwe,isitayela, amagama afanele nemiphumelakulungele inhloso, izethameli nesimo;

• qinisa imbono yakhe ngobuciko;




• thula umkhiqizo wokugcina ebhekelelaisitayela sokwethula esifanelenjengamathekisthi abhaleke ahlelekangobunono bekati noma iphosta elithathaamehlo ngokwemibala.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ bona anikeze incazelo yamagama awasebenzisengendlela efanele amathekisthini ajwayelekileahlukene: • pela amagama avame ukusetshenziswa

ngendlela eyamukelekile; • gcina uhlu lwakhe lokupela amagama; • sebenzisa izifinyezo ezikhethiwe ezivamile

ngokwamukelekile;• sebenzisa izichazamazwi kanye nethesorasi

ukuthola izincazelo zamagama; • hlola ubulili, ubuningi nezinciphiso

zamagama; • hlola iziqhathaniso, namazinga ezikhuliso

eziphawulo nezandiso;

• sebenzisa (iziqu neziqalo kanye/nomaizijobelelo) kanye namabizongxubengokwamukelekile

• sebenzisa amagama akhethiweyo adidanayo,aphikisanayo negama elilodwa elimeleibinzana.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi

Umfundi ukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingendlela efanele nangempumelelo.

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■ bona anikeze incazelo yamagama awasebenzisengendlela efanele emathekisthini ahlukene:

• pela amagama avame ukusetshenziswangendlela eyamukelekile;

• gcina uhlu lwakhe lokupela amagama; • sebenzisa izifinyezo ezikhethiwe ezivamile

ngokwamukelekile;• sebenzisa izichazamazwi nethesorasi

ukuthola izincazelo zamagama;• sebenzisa ubulili, ubuningi nezinciphiso

zamagama ngokunemba okuthuthukayo; • sebenzisa isiqhathaniso namazinga

ezikhuliso eziphawulo nezandisongokunemba okuthuthukayo;

• sebenzisa (iziqu neziqalo kanye/nomaizijobelelo) namabizongxube ngokuthuthukangendlela eyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa amagama akhulayo akhethiweyoadidanayo, ipholisemi, omabizwafane,omqondofana, aphikisanayo negamaelilodwa elimele ibinzana.

■ bona anikeze incazelo yamagama awasebenzisengendlela efanele emathekisthini ahlukene:

• pela amagama avame ukusetshenziswangendlela efanele;

• gcina uhlu lwakhe lokupelwa kwamagama; • sebenzisa izifinyezo ezivamile

ngokwamukelekile; • sebenzisa izichazamazwi nethesorasi, ukuze

athole izincazelo zamagama; • sebenzisa ubulili, ubuningi nezinciphiso

zamabizo ngendlela eyamukelekile;• sebenzisa iziqhathaniso, namazinga

ezikhuliso eziphawulo nezandiso ngendlelaeyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa (iziqu neziqalo kanye/nomaizijobelelo) namabizongxube ngokuthuthukangendlela eyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa amagama adidanayo, ipholisemiomabizwafane, omqondofana, aphikisanayo,negama elilodwa elimele ibinzana.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ sebenzisa imisho enesakhiwo esizwakalayongendlela enomqondo nebonisa ukusetshenziswakolimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke: • sebenzisa izakhi zesenzo nezinsizasenzo

ukuveza isikhathi nesimo ngokunembaokuthuthukayo;

• hlola izakhi zokuphika;

• sebenzisa inhloko, umenziwa nesilandisongokunemba okuthuthukayo;

• hlola ukuhleleka kwamagama emshweni;

• sebenzisa imisho eqondilengokwamukelekile abuye aqale ukuhlolakwakhiwa kwemisho embaxanemagatshagatsha nokusetshenziswakwemishwana ekhonzile, amabinzana,izabizwana kanye nezihlanganiso;

• sebenzisa abuye abone izinhlobo zemishonjengeyizitatimende, eyimibuzo neyiziyalo;

• sebenzisa impambosi yokwenzaneyokwenziwa ngokuzethembaokuthuthukayo;

• hlola ukusebenzisa ngezindlela ezahlukeneinkulumo ekhulunyiwe newumbiko;

• sebenzisa izivumelwano ngokunembaokuthuthukayo;




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ukuveza isikhathi nesimo ngokunembaokuthuthukayo;

• sebenzisa izakhi zokuphika ngendlelaefanele;

• sebenzisa inhloko, umenziwa nesilandisongendlela eyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa ukuhleleka kwamagama emshweningokunemba okuthuthukayo;

• sebenzisa imisho eqondile ngendlelaeyamukelekile abuye akhe imisho embaxanemagatshagatsha eyamukelekilengokusebenzisa imisho ekhonzile,amabinzana, izabizwana nezihlanganiso;

• sebenzisa abone izinhlobo ezahlukenezemisho njengeyisitatimende, engumbuzoneyimiyalezo;

• sebenzisa impambosi yokwenzaneyokwenziwa ngezinhloso ezifanele;

• sebenzisa inkulumo ekhulunyiwenewumbiko ngokwamukelekile;

• sebenzisa izivumelwano ngokunembaokuthuthukayo;


ukuveza inkathi nendlela yesenzongokunembayo ezimweni ezahlukene;

• sebenzisa izakhi zokuphika ngendlelaefanele;

• sebenzisa inhloko, umenziwangokwamukelekile;

• sebenzisa ukuhleleka kwamagama ngendlelaefanele;

• sebenzisa imisho eqondile ngendlelaeyamukelekile abuye akhe imisho embaxanemagatshagatsha eyamukelekilengokusebenzisa imisho ekhonzile,amabinzana, izabizwana nezihlanganiso;

• sebenzisa abone izinhlobo ezahlukenezemisho njengeyisitatimende, engumbuzoneyimiyalezo;

• sebenzisa impambosi yokwenzaneyokwenziwa ngezinhloso ezifanele eqondanokuthi izwi lingayiguqula kanjani incazelo;

• sebenzisa inkulumo ekhulunyiwenewumbiko ngokwamukelekilenangokomphumela odingekayo;

• sebenzisa izivumelano ngendlela efanele;

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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• sebenzisa izimpawu zokukhanyisanezamakhefu ngokwamukelekile esikhathiniesiningi nangokwezinhloso ezahlukenenjengokucacisa incazelo, ukukhombisaubudlelwane phakathi kwezakhi zoliminemisebenzi yazo nokwengeza ukugcizelela;

• sebenzisa izabizwana zoqobo ezihambisananebizo;

• hlola ukusetshenziswa kwezabizwanazesibaluli, zongumnini nezokubuza;

• hlola izimo zokukhuluma njengezaga,izifengqo, nezisho;

• humusha imisho emifushane yolimioluqondiwe eyihumushela oliminilwasekhaya nangokuguquka.




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• sebenzisa izimpawu zokukhanyisanamakhefu ngokwamukelekilenangokwezinhloso ezahlukenenjengokucacisa incazelo, ukukhombisaubudlelwane phakathi kwezakhi zoliminemisebenzi yazo nokwengeza ukugcizelela;

• sebenzisa izabizwana zoqobo ezihambisananebizo;

• hlola ukusetshenziswa kwezabizwanazesibaluli, zongumnini nezokubuza;

• sebenzisa izimo zokukhuluma njengezaga,izifenqo, nezisho ngokufaneleyo;

• humusha imisho emifushane yolimioluqondiwe ezihumushela oliminilwasekhaya nangokuguquka.

• sebenzisa izimpawu zokukhanyisanamakhefu ngokwamukelekilenangokwezinhloso ezahlukenenjengokucacisa incazelo, ukukhombisaubudlelwane phakathi kwezakhi zoliminemisebenzi yazo nokwengeza ukugcizelela;

• sebenzisa izabizwana zoqobo ezihambisananebizo nendlela eyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa ngokunembayo izabizwanazesibaluli, zongumnini nezokubuza;

• sebenzisa izimo zokukhuluma njengezaga,izifenqo, nezisho ngokufaneleyo;

• humusha imisho emifushane yolimioluqondiwe eyihumushela oliminilwasekhaya nangokuguquka.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ qala ukuba nekhono lokuhlolisisa indlela ulimiolusetshenziswa ngayo: • hlola abuye asebenzise izincazelo zamagama

ngokwezincazelo ezahlukene; • hlola ukuthi imiyalezo ecashile, amagugu

nezimo zokubheka izinto kubonisa kanjaniisimo sesikhulumi/umamukeli/umfundi/umbukeli;

• hlola ulimi olusobala oluvusa imizwa,oluncengayo nolukhohlisayo abuye aphonseinselelo olimini olungenazwela.




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■ qala ukuba nekhono lokuhlolisisa indlela ulimiolusetshenziswa ngayo: • qonda abuye asebenzise amagama

anezincazelo ezahlukene; • hlola ukuthi imiyalezo acashile, amagugu

nesimo sokubheka izinto kubonisa kanjaniisimo lesikhulumi/umamukeli/umfundi/umbukeli;

• bona abuye aphonse inselelo oliminiolusobala oluvusa imizwa, oluncengayonolukhohlisayo abuye aphonse inseleloolimini olunganezwela.

■ qala ukuba nekhono lokuhlolisisa indlela ulimiolusetshenziswa ngayo: • chaza abuye asebenzise amagama

anezincazelo ezingafani; • hlola ukuthi imiyalezo acashile, amagugu

nesimo sokubheka izinto kubonisa kanjaniisimo lesikhulumi/umamukeli/umfundi/umbukeli;

• bona aphonse inselelo olimini olubonangahlangothi lunye nasenkolelweniengaguquki, olimini oluvusa imizwa,oluncengayo, olukhohlisayonolungenazwela.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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OKUQUKETHWE KANYE NEZIMO EZIBONAKALISA UKUZUZWA KWAMAZINGAOKUHLOLA

Kule ngxenye okuqukethwe nezimo kunikezwa ukusekela ukuzuzwa kwaMazinga okuHlola. Okuqukethweokubonisiwe kudinga ukuba kusetshenziswe ngendlela yokuba isize umfundi ukuba aqhubekele phambiliekuzuzeni aMazinga okuHlola. Okuqukethwe kumele kwelekelele aMazinga okuHlola kungabi isiphethongokwakho. Izimo eziphakanyisiwe zizolekelela okuqukethwe ukuba kugxiliswe ezimweni ezijwayelekilekubafundi ziphinde zelekelele ukufunda nokufundisa. Umfundisi kumele aqonde abuye asebenzise izimoezijwayelekile, makungabi ilezo ezisetshenziswe lapha kuphela, kepha kube nokuhambisana nalokho okwaziwaabafundi. Okuqukethwe nezimo uma kuqondaniswe nokuzuzwa kwamazinga okuhlola kunikeza uhlakalokwakha izinHlelo zokuFunda. ImiHlahlandlela yezinHlelo zokuFunda inikeza imininingwane eminingingalokho.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamathekisthi ekufundiseni kolimi

Uma igama elithi ‘ithekisthi’ lisetshenziswe eZitatimendeni zeziFundo zeziLimi lithuthukile, linomqondo obanzi,lifaka zonke izimo zokuxoxwayo okulotshwayo, okubukwayo, okulalelwayo, okulalelwa kubukelwe nalokhookusebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana. Ekufundiseni zonke izilimi, amathekisthi angasetshenziswanjengomsuka bese kuthi nezinye izinhlobo ezithile zamathekisthi zikhiqizwe ekuhambeni kwesikhathi.Ngokusebenzisa nokukhiqizwa kwamathekisthi akhulayo ngobunzima ukusuka eBangeni-10 kuya eBangeni-12,amazinga okuHlola afanele ukubonisa ukuqhubekela phambili. Amathekisthi alula nanzima ayisisekelosokuqhubekela phambili kuzo zonke izilimi.

Amathekisthi ngakho-ke angumnyombo omqoka ‘wokuqukethwe nesimo’ ekuxhumaneni, ekudidiyeleniukufunda nokufundisa ezilimini.

Uhlu olugcwele lwamathekisthi asetshenziswayo nakhiqizwayo kufanele luveze umfundi:

■ ezimweni ezinothileyo nezifanele zokuhlalisana, zamasiko nezomlando ezithuthukisa ukuqonda amaguguolimi.

■ ezindikimbeni eziphonsa inselelo nezivuselelayo ezithuthukisa ukuqonda ngokuhlolisisa amagugunokwaziswa kokubaluleka kokuhlalisana ngokwamasiko kanye nezindaba eziphathelene nokuziphathakwabantu okuhambisana nempilo yabantu baseNingizimu Afrika.

■ ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zemibono.■ ezibonelweni zolimi olulotshiwe nolukhulunywayo ezinezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo ukwelekelela

umfundi ekuthuthukiseni ukusetshenziswa kolimi olwamukelekile nolufanele. ■ ekuhlaziyweni kwenkolelo engaguqukiyo, ukubuka luhlangothi lunye kanye nokuthatha izinto ngokuvamile

ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga okuhlolisisayo.■ olimini oluncengayo nolukhohlisayo.■ ebudlelwaneni bamandla obuphakathi olimini nobuphakathi kwezilimi. ■ ekuthuthukiseni ukwazi izethameli, inhloso nengqikithi nesimo esifanele iphimbo namagama asetshenziswa

ngokohlobo lwezithameli.


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■ emigomweni nasemisukeni yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathekisthi elotshiwe nengalotshiwe.■ emisukeni ebonwayo elalelwayo nelalelwa ibukelwe. ■ ezinhlotsheni zezindlela namacebo okuloba, njengezinhlobo ezahlukene zolimi olunothile nolunobuchule.

Indlela esekwe emathekisthini nendlela yokufunda ulimi ngokulusebenzisa yeyeme ekusebenziseninasekubhaleni okuqhubekayo kwamathekisthi.

Indlela esekwe emathekisthini ihlola ukuthi amathekisthi asebenza kanjani. Inhloso yendlela esekweamathekisthi ukwenza abafundi ukuba babe nekhono, bazethembe nokuba abafundi abaneso elihlolisisayo,abalobi, ababukeli nabaqambi bamathekisthi. Kubandakanya ukulalela, ukufunda, ukubukela nokuhlaziyaamathekisthi ukuze baqonde ukuthi zakhiwa kanjani nokuthi iyini imiphumela yazo. Ngalokhu kusebenzisana,abafundi babe nekhono lokuhlolisisa amathekisthi. Indlela esekwe emathekisthini ibandakanya futhiukusungulwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathekisthi eziqondene nenhloso ethile nezethameli. Le ndlelaiphumeleliswa ukuqonda ukuthi amathekisthi akhiwa kanjani.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi ngokulusebenzisa ichaza ukuthi ekufundeni ulimi, umfundi kumele abe semathubeniamaningi okulusebenzisa noma alubhale nokulukhuluma ukufeza izindaba zesimo senhlalo. Ukufunda ulimikumele kuzenzakalele, ezimweni ezingaphoqelekile okumele zikaphakele nasendlini yokufundela laphoamakhono okwazi ukufunda/ukubukela nokubhala/ukwethula efundwa ngendlela evamile – abafundi bafundangokufunda kakhulu amathekisthi bafunde ukubhala ngokubhala imibhalo eminingi.

Ukuqonda ukuthi amathekisthi akhiwe kanjani

Amathekisthi akhiwe esuselwa ezimweni ezithile ngenhloso nezethameli ezithile ezisengqondweni. Izigabaezahlukene zamathekisthi zinemisebenzi eyahlukene zibuye zilandele imithetho ethile ngokwesakhiwo, indlela,uhlelo lolimi, ulwazimagama nokuqukethwe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthiwa izinhlobo zamathekisthi. Abafundikudingeka ukuba bakwazi ukuqonda nokusungula izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukene zokuxhumana ezinqunyelweukuba zifundiswe.

Amathekisthi futhi abonisa izimo zosikompilo nezombusazwe eziqanjwe kuzo. Ulimi olusetshenzisweemathekisthini luqukethe imiyalezo ephathelene namagugu nezombusazwe nalokho abakumeleyo abantuabayilobile noma abayiqambile. Kanjalo amathekisthi aqondene nokuthile nqgo. Abafundi kudingeka ukubabakwazi ukuhumusha banike imibono yabo ngamagugu nezimo emathekisthini.

Kanjalo endleleni esekwe emathekisthini, ulimi luyahlolwa njalo, futhi luhlolwa maqondana nezimo zalo. Lendlela ibandakanya ukuqaphela izindlela ezisemthethweni zolimi (uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama) kodwanjengokukhethiweyo emathekisthini nangokwemiphumela yakho, kungabi ngokwendlela ehlukanisayo. Ukuzekukhulunywe ngamathekisthi, abafundi badinga ‘ulimi olusetshenziselwa ukuxoxa ngolunye ulimi’ nomaukuluhlaziya badinga amagama okufanekisa izimo ezihlukene zohlelo lolimi, ulwazimagama nendlela,nokukhuluma ngezinhlobo ezihlukene zamathekisthi ezinqunyelwe ukuba zifundiswe.


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Amathekisthi angahlukaniswa ngamathekisthi asetshenziswayo namathekisthi akhiqizwayo. Lawa ahlelwekabanzi kule zinhlu ezilandelayo. Lezi zinhlu kazikwazi ukufaka zonke izinhlobo zamathekisthi ezifanele-uthishauvumelekile ukuba angeze amathekisthi angasetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kokufundisa ulimi. Inhlosoyezinhlu ukunikeza uthisha inkululeko ebanzi ekukhetheni okungasetshenziswa noma kusungulwe.Imininingwane yokudingekayo mayelana nobunzima bamathekisthi naleyo ephathelene nohlobo lwerejistalunikeziwe emHlahlandleleni weziNhlelo zokuFunda.


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AMATHEKISTHI ATSHENZISWA EKUFUNDISWENI KOLIMI LWESIBILI LOKWENGEZANGOKUHLANGANISA, AMABANGA-10 – 12

Ezinye izinhlobo zamathekisthi anqunyelwe ukuba afundwe emaBangeni 10 kuya ku-12 zihlanganisaamathekisthi adlulisa imilayezo, anika ulwazi, asunguliwe nabonwayo, alalelwayo, alalelwa abukelwenasebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana. Amathekisthi ahlungwe ngokubanzi kufanele asetshenzisweekufundiseni ngokuhlanganisa esikhathini esingangeminyaka emithathu.

Amathekisthi zemibhalo:Ama-eseyiInoveliIzinkondloIzindaba ezimfushaneUbuciko bomlomoUcwaningo ngezamafilimuUmdlaloUmlando ngempilo yomuntu obhalwe ngomunyeUmlando ngempilo yomuntu obhalwe nguye uqobo

Adlulisa imilayezo:AmathelegramuAmamemorandamuAmaminithi nohlelo lomhlanganoAmaphepha asakazwayo anikezaulwazi ngokuthile (amaflaya)Amaphepha ezaziso/ izazisoAmaphamufulethiAmaphosikhadi AmaphostaImibiko Imiyalezo ye - imeyiliIncwajana echazayoIzibuyekezoIzikhangisiIzihlanzamagama / IfeksiIzimemoIzincwadi zombuso ezibekelweimigomo nezobuhloboIzinkulumompendulwano(ezilotshiwe)Iziqeshana namakholumuabhalelwa amaphephandabaIziqeshana namakholumuabhalelwa iphephabhukuUkubhalwa kwedayariUkuloba amaphuzu asemqokaUmlando ngomufiUkugcwaliswa kwamafomu

Anikeza ulwazi:Incwadi equkethe izinhluzezinombolo zocingo Incwadi yezifundoIsiqukathilwazi/I-ensayiklophidiya IzichazamazwiIzinhlelo Izinkomba zomabonakudeUhlelonkathi

Amathekisthi okuqanjwa:Amaculo namahubo esizweAmathekisthi aqanjwe abafundiImibhaloInsomi, Inganeko,nensumansumaneIzinkulumoIzinkulumo mpendulwanoUkubhalwa kwamadayariIziphicaphicwanoUkuxoxa Ukwenzasamdlalo

Abonwayo, alalelwayo, alalelwaabukelwe nasebenza izindlelaezahlukene zukuxhumana: Amagrafu /Imidwebo /AmathebuliAmahlaya ethulwangemifanekiso; imifanekisosenamisi AmakhathuniAmashadi namabalazweAmasilayidi Ama-thranspharensiAmavidiyo omculoImicuImifanekisoIzimpawuIzikhangisiIzinhlelo zikamabonakudenemibhalo yobufakazi Izinhlelo zomsakazoIzithombeIziqubuloOkuqoshiweUkufundwa kwemidlalo,amanoveli noma izindabaezimfishaneUkuboniswa kwamasilayidiUmdwebo / umbhalo oqoshiwe Umdwebo-zindonga


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AMATHEKISTHI AKHIQIZWA EKUFUNDISWENI KOLIMI LWESIBILI LOKWENGEZA,NGOKUHLANGANISA, AMABANGA-10 – 12

(Amathekisthi okumele kukhethwe kuwo ukuze umfundi abhale ngawo emabangeni e- 10 kuya kwe—12)

Amathekisthi angaphoqelelwe anothisayo: ukwenza samdlalo, ukuxoxa indaba, izindaba zomsakazo kanyenezikamabonakude, imidlalo yomsakazo nekamabonakude, izingxoxo zesigungu, izindaba zakheezimfushane izingxoxo/izinkondlo/imidlalo, amakhathuni, amahlaya ethulwa ngemifanekiso, imicu,amahlaya, izimpawu, njll.

Amathekisthi adlulisaimilayezo:Amakhadi esimemo AmaphamufulethiAmaphosikhadiImibiko emifushane (ebekelweimigomo nengabekelwe migomo) Imiyalezo ye-imeyiliImiyalezo yezihlanzamagama/yezikhahlamezi/ ifeksiIzincwadi zombuso zokufakaisicelo, zokucela isikhundla,isikhalazo, zozwelo, isimemo,ukuhalaliselaIzincwadi zobunganiIzinkulumompendulwanoUkugcwaliswa kwamafomuUmyalezo kamakhalekhukhwini

Amathekisthi okuqanjwa:Izindaba ezilandayo nezichayo Ukuphawula ngemibhalo

Amathekisthi aqukethe ulwazi:Ibalazwe lengqondolokukhumbula namafulowushadi ImiyaloIziyaleloUkufingqa okululaUkubhala amanothi

Amathekisthi athulwangomlomo, abonwayonasebenzisa izindlela eziningizokuxhumana:Amaphepha asakazwayo anikaulwazi ngokuthile (amaflaya)AmaphostaIzikhangisiIzinkulumo ezimfushaneezibekelwe imigomonezingabekelwe migomoIzinkulumompendulwanoIziqubuloIzingxoxo zamaqembuIzingxoxo ezingabekelwemigomo


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ISAHLUKO 4

UKUHLOLA

ISINGENISO

Ukuhlola kuyingxenye enqala yeSitatimende sikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele). Ukuhlola kuyinqubo yokuqoqa nokuhumusha ubufakazi ukuze kutholwe inqubekelaphambili yomfundi ekufundeni futhi kuthathwe isinqumo mayelana namakhono omfundi. Ubufakazibungaqoqwa ezikhathini nasezindaweni ezehlukene, nangokusebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene, izinsizaezingasetshenziswa inqubo nezindlela zokuxhumana ezinhlobonhlobo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlola ingatholakala ibuye isetshenziselwe izinhloso ezinhlobonhloboesikhathini esizayo, imiphumela kufanele iqoshwe. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokuqopha ukusebenzakwabafundi. Ezinye zazo zibhekiwe kulesi sahluko. Ezinye zenziwe zaqondana ngqo kakhulu nesifundoemiHlahlandleleni yeziNhlelo zokuFunda.

Abantu abaningi ababamba iqhaza banothando lokufuna ukwazi ukuthi abafundi basebenza kanjaniemaBangeni-10 – 12. Lokhu kubandakanya abafundi uqobo lwabo, abazali, abalondolozi, abaxhasi, uMnyangoweMfundo wesifunda, uMnyango weMfundo, iHhovisi likaNgqongqoshe weZemfundo, abaqashi, nezikolezemfundo nokuqeqesha okuphakeme. Ukuze kube lula ukuthola ukwenza kwabafundi jikelelenokucatshangwayo ngamakhono abafundi, imiphumela yokuhlola kumele ibikwe. Ziningi izindlela zokubika.ImiHlahlandlela yeziNhlelo zokuFunda ichaza izindlela zokuqopha nokubika ukuhlola okwenziwangaphakathi esikoleni nokuhlola kwangaphandle kanye nokunikeza izeluleko ngezinto eziphathelene nokuhlolaeziqondene ngqo nesifundo.

KUNGANI KUHLOLWA

Ngaphambi kokuba umfundisi ahlole abafundi, kubalulekile ukuthi izinhloso zokuhlola zibekwe zicace futhizingadidi. Ukuqonda izinhloso zokuhlola kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhambisana okufanele kuyatholakala phakathikwezinhloso nezindlela zokuhlola. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo neziphetho ezigxileekuhlolweni zibe ngezifanele leyo noma lezo zinhloso ezithile.

Ziningi izizathu ezenza ukuthi ukusebenza kwabafundi kuhlolwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ngenhlosoyokuqaphelisisa inqubekela phambili, nokunikeza okutholakele, ukuxilonga imbangela noma ukulungisaizingqinamba ekufundeni, ukukhetha, ukweluleka, ukwelekelela ukufunda, ukunikeza isitifiketi nokuqhubekelaphambili.


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Kulolu hlelo lwemfundo, ukufunda nokuhlola kuxhumene kakhulu ngokungenakuhlukaniswa. Ukuhlola kusizaabafundi ukulinganisa ukubaluleka kokufunda kwabo. Kunikeza abafundi ulwazi ngenqubekela phambili yabonokubanikeza amandla okuba bakwazi ukuziphathela nokuthatha izinqumo ngokufunda kwabo. Ngokwalomqondo, ukuhlolwa kunikeza ulwazi ngokuthi ukufundisa nokufunda kuyaphumelela yini ukufinyelelaemiPhumeleni yokuFunda ebekiwe. Nxa ukuhlola kutshengisa ukungabikho kwenqubekela phambili, amasuokufundisa nokufunda angaguqulwa ngokwesimo.

IZINHLOBO ZOKUHLOLA

Le ngxenye ichaza lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuhlola:

■ ukuhlola okuyisisekelo;■ ukuhlola okuxilongayo;■ ukuhlola okwakhayo; kanye■ nokuhlola okuqoqayo.

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo kubalulekile ekuqaleni kwebanga, kodwa kungenzeka ekuqaleni kwanoma yisiphiisiyingi sokufunda. Kusetshenziselwa ukuthola osekwaziwa nokungenziwa ngabafundi. Kusiza ekulungiseleleniimisebenzi nasekwenzeni uhlelo lokufunda. Ukuqoshwa kokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kuvame ukuqoshwangokunganqunyelwe mithetho.

Ukuhlola okuxilongayo

Noma ikuphi ukuhlola kungasetshenziswa ngezinhloso zokuxilonga, okungukuthi ukuthola isisusa noma izisusazengqinamba yokufunda noma zezingqinamba zokufunda. Ukuhlola okuxilongayo kwelekelela ekuthatheniizinqumo ngamasu okwelekelela noma ukubona isidingo sosizo lobuchwepheshe noma ukulungisaizingqinamba. Kusebenza njengomnyombo wokubheka okukhona nokungekho ukwelekelela ukucacisa kabushaokuphokophelwe ngohlelo lokufunda, noma ukuthola ukuthi yini abangakayifundi ukuze kwenziwe amasuokwelekelela.

Ukuhlola okwakhayo

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlola olusetshenziswayo ukwethula umphumela kumfundi kugcwalisa inhlosoyokwakha. Ukuhlola okwakhayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufunda nokufundisa. Kuqaphelisisa kwelekelelekuxhase inqubo yokufunda. Bonke ababambe iqhaza basebenzisa lolu hlobo lokuhlola ukuzuza ulwazingenqubekela phambili yabafundi. Ukunikeza umphumela owakhayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolaukufeza izinhloso zokwakha.

Ukuhlola okuqoqayo

Uma ukuhlola kusetshenziselwe ukuqopha isinqumo sekhono noma ukusebenza komfundi, kufeza inhlosoyokuqoqa. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kunikeza isithombe ngamakhono noma ngenqubekela phambili yomfundinganoma yimuphi umzuzu esidingeka ngaso. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kungenzeka ekupheleni komsebenzi, isimosesilinganiso sokufunda, isiyingi sokufunda, ithemu, isimesta noma unyaka. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kufanelekuhlelwe futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe nezinhlobonhlobo zezikhali zokuhlola kanye namasu okuhlola ukuzeabafundi bakwazi ukukhombisa amakhono abo.

UKUHLOLA KUMELE KUBE NJANI FUTHI KWENZENI?

Ukuhlola kumele:

■ kuqondwe umfundi nomphakathi wonke;■ kuqondiswe ngokucacile;■ kuhlanganiswe nokufunda kanye nokufundisa; ■ kwesekwe ezicini okuzobonwa ngazo ezihlelwe ngaphambili zaMazinga okuHlola;■ kuvumele amathuba okukhula kwabafundi; ■ kuhambisane nesivinini sokufunda komfundi kube ngokungabandlululi; futhi■ kuguquguquke;■ kusetshenziswe izikhali ezahlukene zokuhlola; kanye■ nokusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola.

KUHLOLWA KANJANI

Ukuhlolwa kwamakhono abafundi ngabafundisi makube ngokweqophelo eliphezulu lokwethembeka. Lokhukuchaza ukuthi ukwahlulela amakhono abafundi ngothisha kufanele kube ngokuyiqiniso nokuvamileyo kuzozonke izikhathi ezahlukene, kokuhlolwayo, nezimpawu. Ukwahlulela okwenziwe ngokuhlola kumele futhikukhombise ubuqiniso; okuchaza ukuthi, izinqumo mazenziwe ezingxenyeni zokufunda ezihloliwe.

Ngoba lokho nalokho kuhlola akukwazi ukuba neqiniso noma ukwethembeka ngokwako, izinqumo mayelananokuqhubekela phambili komfundi makumiswe ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okukodwa. Lokhu kunguMgomowokuHlola okuQhubekayo. Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo ilisu lokuhlola elimisa izinqumo ngokufunda ezinhlotsheniezehlukene zemisebenzi yokuhlola nezehlakalo ezenzeka ngezikhathi ezehlukene enqubweni yokufunda yonke.Kuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokuhlola ehlelelwe unyaka wonke, kusetshenziswa izikhali nezindlela zokuhlolaezinhlobonhlobo, njengezivivinyo, ukuhlola, amaprojekthi nemisebenzi yophenyo . Ukuhlola okwethulwangomlomo, okulotshwayo, nokokwenza kumbandakanywa kulokhu okungenhla. Lezi zinhlobo ezehlukenezeziqeshana zobufakazi eziboniswa ngabafundi njengengxenye yokuhlola okuqhubekayo kungafakwakuphothifoliyo. Izifundo ezehlukene zinezidingo ezehlukene zalokho okumele kufakwe kuphothifoliyo. Lezizidingo zichazwe kabanzi ngumHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda.


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Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kwenzeka endlini yokufundela nasesikoleni futhi kuqondise esimweni esiqhubekayongendlela ukuhlola okuhlanganiswe ngayo nenqubo yokufundisa nokufunda. Othisha bathola ithuba lokwaziabafundi babo ngokufundisa kwabo kwansuku zonke, ngokubuza imibuzo, ngokuqaphela, nangokusebenzisananabafundi nangokubabuka besebenzisana.

Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kungasetshenziswa kulezo zingxenye ezimbili zohlelo lokufunda ezihlolwangezivivinyo nemisebenzi yophenyo nalezo ezihloleka kahle kakhulu ngezinye izindlela, njengokwenza,esebenzisa ubufakazi bokufunda bokwenziwayo noma obethulwa ngomlomo.

IZINDLELA ZOKUHLOLA

Ukuzihlola komfundi

Yonke imiPhumela yokuFunda naMazinga okuHlola ibonakala ngokucacile. Abafundi bayakwazi okulindelwekubo. Ngalokho, abafundi bangabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuhloleni ngokuthi azihlole yena, ‘ekuhlolenikwangaphambili’ umsebenzi ngaphambi kokuthi uthisha enze ukuhlola kokugcina. Ukuninga ngokufunda’kwakhe kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufunda.

Ukuhlolwa komfundi ngontanga

Ukuhlolwa untanga, esebenzisa uhlu lokubona okukhona nokungekho noma irubrikhi, lokwelekelela abafundiokuhlolwa umsebenzi wabo nalabo abahlolayo. Ukwabelana ngezici okubonwa ngazo kuthuthukisa abafundiekuhloleni ukusebenza kwabo nokwabanye.

Ukuhlolwa kweqembu

Ikhono lokusebenza ngempumelelo emaqenjini kungomunye wemiPhumela eSemqoka. Ukuhlola umsebenziweqembu kufaka ukufuna ubufakazi bokuthi iqembu labafundi liyasebenzisana, bayelekelelana,bahlukaniselana umsebenzi, nokuhlanganisa iminikelo ibe wumkhiqizo owodwa oyingxubevange ohlolekayo.Ukuhlolwa kweqembu kubuka inqubo kanye nomkhiqizo. Kuphatha ukuhlola amakhono okuhlalisana ,ukuphathwa kwesikhathi, ukuphathwa kwezinto zokusebenza nokwahlukana kweqembu, nemibono ekhishwayiqembu.

IZINDLELA ZOKUQOQA UBUFAKAZI BOKUHLOLA

Kunezindlela ezinhlobonhlobo zokuqoqa ubufakazi bokuhlola. Ezinye zazo zichaziwe ngezansi.


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Ukuhlola okwesekwe ekuqapheleni

Izindlela zokuhlola ezesekwe ekuhloleni ngokuqaphela zivame ukwakhiwa kafushane zibuye zivumeleukwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezehlukene zobufakazi obuqoshiwe babafundi abahlukene ngezikhathi ezehlukene.Lolu hlobo lokuhlola luvamise ukugxila emisebenzini edinga ukuba abafundi basebenzisane ekufuneniisixazululo noma umkhiqizo abavumelana ngawo. Ukuqaphela kufanele kube nenhloso futhi kwenziwe ngosizolwesikhali sokuqaphela esifanele.

Ukuhlola okwesekwe esivivinyweni

Ukuhlola okwesekwe esivivinyweni kunesakhiwo esigqamayo ukuba abafundisi bakwazi ukuqoqa ubufakaziobufanayo babo bonke abafundi, ngendlela efanayo nangesikhathi esifanayo. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lwakhaubufakazi bokufunda obufakazelwa amaphuzu athile. Uma zisetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, izivivinyoziyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokufunda ngoba zinikeza ubufakazi obuhle balokho osekufundiwe.

Ukuhlola okwesekwe emsebenzini

Izindlela zokuhlola ezesekwe emsebenzini noma ekwenzeni zihlose ukubonisa ukuthi abafundi bayakwaziukusebenzisa amakhono nolwazi abalufunde kuzingqikithi ezingajwayelekile noma izimo ezingaphandlekwendlu yokufundela. Ukuhlola ukusebenza kuphatha izingxenye zezifundo eziwumsebenzi wamakhonoangenziwa ngokubhala kuphela , ngokubona ukuthi abafundi ithiyori bayisebenzisa kanjani. Izici okubonwangazo, imigomo noma imithetho okuzohlolwa ngayo umsebenzi, okuchazwe kumarubrikhi noma izinhluzokubheka okukhona nokungekho zomsebenzi, zelekelela umfundisi ukusebenzisa izinqumoezinobuchwepheshe ukuhlola ukusebenza kwabafundi.

UKUQOPHA NOKUBIKA

Ukuqopha nokubika kudinga ukubhalwa kwemininingwane eqoqwe ngenkathi kuhlolwa ukuze ikwaziukuhlaziywa nokuba yaziswe abantu bonke ngendlela enembayo nenomqondo.

Izindlela zokuqopha

Kukhona izindlela ezehlukene zokuqopha. Kuvame ukuba kube lukhuni ukwahlukanisa izindlela zokuqophaezindleleni zokuhlola ukusebenza kwabafundi.

Lokhu okulandelayo yizibonelo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhali zokuqopha:

■ izilinganiso zamazinga;■ izinhlu zemisebenzi noma izinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho; kanye■ namarubrikhi.Isikhali ngasinye sichaziwe ngezansi.


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Izilinganiso zamazinga

Izilinganiso zamazinga ziyinoma yiluphi uhlelo lokubeka uphawu, lapho uphawu (njengo-A noma-B) nomaamaphuzu (njengo 5/10 noma 50%) achazwa kabanzi ukuze kuxhunyaniswe amakhodi afingqiwe nokuchazwakwamakhono adingekayo ukuzuza lawo maphuzu. Imininingwane ibaluleke kakhulu kunamaphuzu anikeziweenqubeni yokufunda nokufundisa njengoba inikeza abafundi umqondo ocacile kakhulu walokho osekuzuziwenokuthi yikuphi lapho ukufunda kwabo kungafinyelelanga emgomweni futhi yingani ukufunda kwabokungafinyelelanga emgomweni. Ukumaka ngendlela endala bekuvame ukusebenzisa kakhulu izilinganisozamazinga ezingenayo imininingwane echazayo, lokho kwenza kube nzima ukuba uthole isithombe salokhoumfundi akwazi ukukwenza nalokho okumehlulayo ngokwemiphumela ehlosiwe. Isilinganiso samaphuzuayisithupha sokuzuza sisetshenzisiwe eSitatimendeni sikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12(Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele).

Izinhlu zemisebenzi noma izinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho

Izinhlu zemisebenzi noma izinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho ziqukethe izitatimende ezehlukeneezichasisa ukusebenza komfundi emsebenzini othize. Lapho isitatimende esithile (isici okubonwa ngaso)ohlwini lokubheka okukhona nokungekho sibonakala njengesifezwe umfundi ngenkathi enza umsebenzi,isitatimende sifakwa uphawu. Zonke izitatimende ezifakwe uphawu ohlwini (njengezici okubonwa ngazoezifeziwe) zichaza ukusebenza komfundi. Lezi zinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho ziwusizo kakhuluemisebenzini lapho umfundi ezihlola yena noma ehlolwa yiqembu.

Amarubrikhi

Amarubrikhi adidiyela amakhodi okulinganisa nokuchazwa kwemigomo. Akhiwe ngokuhleleka ngobukhulubemigomo enezilinganisa mazinga ezichaza umgomo osezingeni elamukelekile lokusebenza okwamukelekilekulelo nalelo zinga lamakhodi. Amarubrikhi adinga ukuba abafundisi bazi ngqo okuyikhona okudingwaumphumela. Amarubrikhi angaba aphelele eveza isithombe esiphelele somgomo odingekayo, noma ahlaziye,enikeza isithombe esicacile sezimpawu ezigqamile ezakha izici okubonwa ngazo, noma umfundisiangawahlanganisa womabili. UmHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda unikeza izibonelo zamarubrikhiaqondene ngqo nesifundo.

Ukwakha irubrikhi, umfundisi kumele aqonde okulandelayo:

■ Yimiphi imiphumela ehlosiwe?■ Yimaphi Amazinga yokuHlola ehlosiwe ngomsebenzi?■ Yiluphi uhlobo lobufakazi okumele buqoqwe?■ Yiziphi izingxenye ezahlukene zokusebenza ezizohlolwa? ■ Yiziphi izikhali zokuhlola ezizohambelana kahle kakhulu naleyo naleyo ngxenye yomsebenzi

(njengenqubo nalokho azokwakha)?■ Yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi okufanele luvele obala?


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■ Yimaphi amakhono okumele asetshenziswe noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezithathiwe? ■ Yimaphi amathuba okuneka imibono yomuntu, amagugu noma indlela abona ngayo izinto zisuselwa

emsebenzini nokuthi yikuphi phakathi kwalokhu okumele kuhlolwe futhi kuhlolwe kanjani?■ Ingabe irubrikhi eyodwa kumele iqondiswe kuyo yonke imiPhumela naMazinga okuHlola umsebenzi noma

umsebenzi udinga amarubrikhi ahlukene?■ Mangaki amarubrikhi empeleni, adingwa wumsebenzi?

Kubalulekile njalo ukuba umfundisi abelane irubrikhi noma amarubrikhi nabafundi ngaphambi kokuba benzeumsebenzi okulindeleke ukuba wenziwe. Irubrikhi icacisa ukufunda nokusebenza kokubili kumele kuqondisekuyo iphinde ibe yisikhali esinamandla sokuzihlola komfundi.

Ukubika ukusebenza nempumelelo

Ukubika ukusebenza nokuzuziwe kwazisa bonke laba abazimbandakanye noma abashisekele inqubekelaphambili yabafundi. Uma ubufakazi sebuqoqiwe bahunyushwa, abafundisi kudingeka baqophe konke umfundiakuzuzile. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo okwanele kudinga ukuba kwenziwe ukuze ukubika kwenze isitatimendemayelana nomgomo ozuzwe umfundi.

ISitatimende sikaZwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 ( UMgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) samukelaisilinganiso samaphuzu ayi-6 sempumelelo. Lesi silinganiso siboniswa ethebuleni-4.1.

Ithebula-4.1 Isilinganiso sokuzuza seSitatimende sikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12(UMgudu wokuFunda Jikelele)

Amakhodi IziNcazelo zamaKhono Amamaki ngamaphesenti %

6 Impumelelo yamalengiso 80-100

5 Impumelelo yeqophelo eliphezulu 60-79

4 Impumelelo yezinga elamukelekayo 50-59

3 Impumelelo ngokwanele 40-49

2 Impumelelo ngokuyingxenye 30-39

1 Impumelelo ngokungenele 0-29


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IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO ESIFUNDWENI

Ukwelekelela ngesilinganisa zinga okuzuziwe ngemiPhumela yokuFunda emaBangeni-10 – 12, amakhonoesifundweni achaziwe ukuze kuhlukaniswe okulindeleke ebangeni ngalokho abafundi okumele bakwazinokumele bakuzuze. Amazinga ayisithupha amakhono aleso naleso sifundo nalelo nalelo banga achaziwe. Lezizincazelo zizosiza abafundisi ekuhloleni abafundi futhi babuye bababeke esilinganisweni esifanele. Izincazeloziqoqa imiphumela yokuFunda aMazinga okuHlola bese inikeza izinkomba eziveza impumelelo yalelo zinga.Amazinga okuzuza ahlukene nemikhakha yezilinganiso ngamaphesenti ehambisana nawo anjengobaekhonjisiwe ethebuleni – 4.1.

Ngokuhambisana nenqubomgomo nokuhlola okwesekwe emiphumeleni konke ukuhlola okwenziwa esikoleninangaphandle kufanele kwenziwe ngokwezici okungabonwa ngazo. Amamaki angasetshenziswa ekuhloleniimisebenzi ethize, kepha imisebenzi kumele ihlolwe ngokusebenzisa amarubrikhi esikhundleni sokubakuboniswe ngophawu izimpendulo ezamukelekile nokunikeza amaphuzu / amamaki ngokwenani lezimpawu.Izitatimende zokwazi ukwenza zesifundo zichaza okuncane okulindelekile okufanele ukuba umfundi akubonisengamakhono, ulwazi, indlela yokubheka/yokuthatha izinto kanye namagugu

Lapho abafundisi / abahloli belungiselela umsebenzi noma umbuzo wokuhlola, kufanele baqinisekise ukuthiumsebenzi noma umbuzo uqondene nomphumela othize. Izinga noma Amazinga okuHlola efanele kumeleisetshenziswe ukwakha irubrikhi lokuhlola umsebenzi/ umbuzo. Izincazelo zibonisa ngokucacileyo okuncaneokulindeleke ukuba kuzuzwe kulelo nalelo zinga lesilinganiso.

Ukuchazwa kokwazi ukwenza kwalesi sifundo kufakiwe ekugcineni kwalesi sahluko.

INQUBEKELA PHAMBILI

Inqubekela phambili eBangeni le- 10 naseBangeni le- 11 izogxila ekuhloleni kwangaphakathi kuphela, kodwakumele kwesekwe ezimisweni ezinjengalezo zeSitifiketi seMfundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo. Izidingo,izimiselo, kanye nemithetho yokudidiyela izifundo, nokuqhubekela phambili ngokubonelelwa njengobakubekwe ngokusobala ku-Qualifications and Assessment Policy Framework for Grade 10 – 12 (General)

INDLELA AMAKHADI OKUBIKA OKUMELE ABUKEKE NGAYO

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwakha amakhadi okubika kodwa kuba ngcono uma elula, uma nje efake yonkeimininingwane ebalulekile. Amakhadi okubika kumele afake imininingwane ngenqubekela phambili epheleleyomfundi, kuhlanganise nalokhu okulandelayo:

■ okuzuzwayo ekufundeni ngokwemiphumela;■ amandla omfundi ekufundeni;■ ukwelekelelwa okudingekayo noma okunikeziwe lapho kufanele khona;

■ ukunikeza umbiko owakhayo ngomsebenzi owenziwe ngokubeka umbono ngokuphathelene nokusebenzakomfundi kwangaphambilini nezidingo zesifundo; kanye

■ nenqubekela phambili ethuthukayo yomfundi ekwazini indlela afunda ngayo.

Ukunezezela, amakhadi okuhlola kumele abe nale mininingwane elandelayo:

■ igama lesikole■ igama lomfundi;■ ibanga umfundi akulo;■ unyaka nethemu;■ isikhala sesiginesha yomzali noma umbheki womfundi;■ isiginesha kathisha nekathishanhloko;■ usuku;■ izinsuku zokuvalwa nokuvulwa kwezikole;■ isigxivizo sesikole / isitembu sesikole; kanye■ nephrofayili yokuba khona nokuphutha komfundi esikoleni.

UKUHLOLWA KWABAFUNDI ABANEZINGQINAMBA EKUFUNDENI

Ukuhlolwa kwabafundi abanezinkinga, ekufundeni kuzoqhutshwa kuhambisane nesiphakamiso sezindlelazokuhlola ezingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithile kanye / noma ukuphendula uhlelo lokuhlola ukuzeluhlangabezane nezidingo zomfundi njengoba kubekiwe ku-Qualification and Assessment Policy Frameworkfor Grades 10 – 12 (General) njengoba kuhambisana nabafundi abahlangabezana nezingqinamba ekufundeni.Bhekisa ku-White Paper 6 on Special Needs Education: Building an Inclusive Education and Training System.


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62

6 80-100%Impumeleloyamalengiso

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengamalengiso anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimi eveza, uzwela,nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisa ukuzeabone, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achaze ulwaziukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimingokushelelayo ezimweni ezehlukeneezijwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achazengokuzethemba nangempumelelo amathekisthiaphinde abone ulwazi oluthile ngokunembayoemathekisthini lapho efunda nalapho ebukela;khombisa ukuqonda okucacile aphinde akwaziukunikeza nokuvikela ngokucacile imibonoyakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwi ngendlelaeshelelayo ngamalengiso; khombisa uzwelaemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule emathekisthianokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba; qaphelisisa izethameli, izinhloso,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; hlela imicabangonemibono ngendlela eqinile ekholekayo,nenokuziqambela; buyekeza abuye ahleleumbhalo ngaphandle kokwelekelelwa ukuzeakhiqize amathekisthi athuthukile.

IBanga 10

IKhodi IziNcazelo zamaKhonoIsiLinganisoL

IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO OLIMINI LWESIBILI LOKWENGEZA


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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela kanye nokusebenzisa ulimi eveza,uzwela, nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisaukuze abone ahlaziye, ahumushe abuye achazeulwazi ukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisaulimi ngokushelelayo ezimweni ezehlukenezokuxhumana.

■ bona, ahumushe ahlaziye abuye achazeamathekisthi, aphinde abone ulwazi oluthilengokunembayo ngokuzethembanangempumelelo lapho efunda nalapho ebukela;khombisa ukuqonda okuhle kakhulu aphindeakwazi ukunikeza nokuvikela imibono yakhengokucacile; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingendlela eshelelayo ngamalengiso; khombisauzwela emibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthianokuhambisana, nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba; qaphela izethameli, izinhloso,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; hlela imicabangonemibono ngendlela eqinile nekholekayonenokuziqambela; buyekeza abuye ahleleumbhalo ukuze ngaphandle kokwelekelelwaukuze akhiqize amathekisthi athuthukile.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisangokucacile ukuqaphela kanye nokusebenzisaulimi eveza uzwela, nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze abone ahlaziye, ahumushe,ahlaziye abuye achaze ulwazi ngokunembayoukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimingokushelelayo ezimweni ezinhlobonhlobozokuxhumana.

■ bona, ahumushe ahlaziye abuye achazeamathekisthi, aphinde abone ulwazi oluthilengokunembayo ngokuzethembanangempumelelo lapho efunda nalapho ebukela;khombisa ukuqonda okuhle kakhulu aphindeakwazi ukunikeza nokuvikela imibono yakhengokucacile; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingendlela eshelelayo; khombisa uzwelaemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthianokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba; qaphela izethameli, izinhloso,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; hlela imicabangonemibono ngendlela eqinile, ekholekayonenokuziqambela; buyekeza abuye ahleleumbhalo wakhe ngaphandle kokwelekelelwaukuze akhe amathekisthi athuthukile.

IBanga 11 IBanga 12

IziNcazelo zamaKhono IziNcazelo zamaKhono


64

6 80-100%Impumeleloyamalengiso

(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimingokuzethemba nangokunemba okuthuthukayo;bona, ahumushe abuye achaze ngempumeleloimiqondo nemisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; sebenzisa izinhlobo zezakhi zemishoezehlukene ukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisaulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke; khombisa ukwazi ukusebenzisauhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama ngamalengiso.

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■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba nangokuzethemba; bona,ahumushe abuye achaze ngempumeleloimiqondo nemisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; sebenzisa izinhlobo zezakhi zemishoezehlukene ukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisaulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke; khombisa ukwazi ukusebenzisauhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama ngamalengiso.

■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimisongokunemba nangokuzethemba; bona,ahumushe abuye achaze ngempumelelo enkuluimiqondo nemisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; sebenzisa izinhlobo zezakhi zemishoezehlukene ukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisaulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke; khombisa ukwazi ukusebenzisauhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama ngamalengiso.

IBanga 11 IBanga 12



66

5 60-79%Impumelelo

yeqophelo eliphezulu

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengeqophelo eliphezulu anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi izikhathieziningi ngokuhambisana, nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethemba; khombisaukuqaphela okukhudlwana kanye nokusebenzisaulimi eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze akwazi ukubona ulwaziukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene kodwa aboniseukungabaza lapho ehumusha, ehlaziya nalaphoechaza; sebenzisa ulimi ezikhathini eziningingokushelelayo ezimweni ezehlukenezokuxhumana.

■ thola ulwazi ngokuzethemba izikhathi eziningilapho efunda nalapho ebukela kepha akhombiseukungabaza lapho ehumusha, ehlaziya nalaphoechaza amathekisthi; khombisa ukuqondaokuhle, abuye anikeze futhi asekele imibonoyakhe kahle; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingendlela eshelelayo; khombisa uzwelaemibonweni eyahlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala izikhathi eziningi abuye ethuleamathekisthi anokuhambisana, nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba kodwa wenzaamaphutha; qaphela izikhathi eziningiizethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezahlukene; hlela izikhathi eziningi imicabangonemibono ngendlela eqinile nekholekayoekhombisa ubufakazi obuyingcosanabokuziqambela; buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalongokwelekelelwa ukuze akhiqize amathekisthiathuthukile.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi izikhathieziningi ngokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethemba; khombisaukuqaphela kanye nokusebenzisa okuninganaulimi eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze akwazi ukubonanokuhumusha ulwazi ukufeza izinhlosoezehlukene kodwa ngezinye izikhathi aboniseukungabaza lapho ehlaziya nalapho echaza;sebenzisa ulimi ngokushelelayo izikhathieziningi ezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ bona nokuhumusha ulwazi ngokuzethembaizikhathi eziningi lapho efunda nalapho ebukelakepha akhombise ukungabaza lapho ehlaziyanalapho echaza amathekisthi; khombisa ukuqondaokuhle abuye aphikelele futhi asekele imibonoyakhe ngokucacile; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelelayo izikhathi eziningi; khombisauzwela emibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule izikhathi eziningiamathekisthi anokuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba kodwa wenzaamaphutha ambalwa; qaphela izikhathi eziningiizethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; hlela imicabango nemibonoizikhathi eziningi ngendlela eqinile nekholekayoekhombisa ukuziqambela okumbalwa; buyekezaabuye ahlele umbhalo izikhathi eziningingaphandle kokwelekelelwa ukuze akhiqizeamathekisthi athuthukile.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi izikhathieziningi ngokuhambisana, nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethemba; khombisaukuqaphela kanye nokusebenzisa okuninganaulimi eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze akwazi ukubonanokuhumusha ulwazi ukufeza izinhlosoezehlukene kodwa ngezinye izikhathi aboniseukungabaza lapho ehlaziya nalapho echaza;sebenzisa ulimi ngokushelelayo izikhathieziningi ezimweni ezinhlobonhlobozokuxhumana.

■ bona nokuhumusha ulwazi ngokuzethembaizikhathi eziningi lapho efunda nalapho ebukelakepha akhombise ukungabaza lapho ehlaziyanalapho echaza amathekisthi; khombisaukuqonda okuhle abuye aphikelele futhi asekeleimibono yakhe ngokucacile; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelelayo izikhathieziningi; khombisa uzwela emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule izikhathi eziningiamathekisthi anokuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba; qaphela izikhathieziningi izethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezahlukene; hlela imicabango nemibonongendlela eqinile, ekholekayo ekhombisaukuziqambela okumbalwa; buyekeza abuyeahlele umbhalo izikhathi eziningi ngaphandlekokwelekelelwa ukuze akhiqize amathekisthiathuthukile.

IBanga 11 IBanga 12



68

5 60-79%Impumemelelo

yeqophelo eliphezulu(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimiezikhathini eziningi ngokunembanangokuzethemba; bona, ahumushe abuyeachaze imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama izikhathi eziningi;sebenzisa izakhi zemisho ezehlukene ukufezaizinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kephawenza amaphutha ambalwa; khombisa ukwaziokuhle kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimiizikhathi eziningi ngokunembanangokuzethemba; bona, ahumushe abuyeachaze imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama; sebenzisa izakhi zemishoezehlukene ukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisaulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke kepha wenza amaphuthaambalwa; khombisa ukwazi okuhlekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

■ sebenzisa ezikhathi eziningi izakhi nezimisozolimi ngokunemba nangokuzethemba; bona,ahumushe abuye achaze imiqondo nemisebenziyamagama nezakhiwo zamagama; sebenzisaizinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zemisho ukufezaizinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kephaebe enza amaphutha ambalwa; khombisa ukwaziokuhle kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

IBanga 11 IBanga 12



70

4 50-59%Impumelelo yezinga

elamukelekayo

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengezinga elamukelekayo anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngezinyeizikhathi ngokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethembaokwamukelekile; khombisa ukuqaphelanokusebenzisa ulimi eveza, uzwelanokuhlonipha okwamukelekile; lalelangokuhlolisisa okwamukelekile ukuze aboneulwazi kodwa udinga ukwelekelelwa laphoehumusha, ehlaziya nalapho echaza; sebenzisaulimi ngokushelela okwamukelekile ezimweniezejwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ bona nokuhumusha ngokuzethembaokwamukelekile lapho efunda nalapho ebukelakodwa ahlangabezane nobunzima lapho ehlaziyanalapho echaza amathekisthi; khombisaukuqonda okwamukelekile futhi ngezinyeizikhathi uyakwazi ukunikeza nokusekelaimibono yakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelela okwamukelekile; khombisa uzwelaolwamukelekile emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi kodwakwezinye izikhathi awabonisi ukuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango nokunemba;qaphela ngokwelekelwa izethameli, izinhloso,izakhiwo nezimo ezehlukene; kha imicabangonemibono ngendlela enokuqondisa nengaguqukieyamukelekile; buyekeza ahlele umbhalongokwelekelelwa njalo ukuze akhiqizeamathekisthi athuthuke ngokwamukelekile.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngezinyeizikhathi ngokuzethemba okwamukelekilenangokugqugquzelwa, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphelisisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kolimieveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha okwamukelekile;lalela ngokuhlolisisa okwamukelekile ukuzeabone ulwazi kodwa udinga ukwelekelelwalapho ehumusha, ehlaziya nalapho echaza;sebenzisa ulimi ngokushelela okwamukelekileezimweni zokuxhumana.

■ bona abuye ahumushe amathekisthingokuzethemba okwamukelekile lapho efundanalapho ebukela kodwa udinga ukwelekelelwalapho ehlaziya nalapho echaza amathekisthi;khombisa ukuqonda okwamukelekile futhianikeze abuye asekele imibono yakhe;fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelelayo;khombisa uzwela olwamukelekile emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi amukelekilekodwa awabonisi ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango kanye nokunemba; qaphelaizethameli, izinhloso, izakhiwo nezimoezehlukene ngokwelekelelwa okuthile; khaimicabango nemibono ngendlela enokuqondisanengaququki eyamukelekile; buyekezanokuhlela ngokwelekelelwa, ukuze akhiqizeamathekisthi athuthukile.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngezinyeizikhathi nangokuzethemba okwamukelekilenangokugqugquzelwa, ngokuhambisana,nangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimiokwamukelekile eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha;lalela ngokuhlolisisa okwamukelekile ukuzeabone ulwazi kodwa udinga ukwelekelelwalapho ehumusha, ehlaziya nalapho echaza;sebenzisa ulimi ngokushelela okwamukelekileezimweni zokuxhumana.

■ bona abuye ahumushe amathekisthingokuzethemba okwamukelekile lapho efundanalapho ebukela kodwa udinga ukwelekelelwalapho ehlaziya nalapho echaza amathekisthi;khombisa ukuqonda okwamukelekile futhianikeze abuye asekele imibono yakhe; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelelayo;khombisa uzwela olwamukelekile emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi amukelekilekodwa awabonisi ukuhambisana, nokuhlanganakwemicabango kanye nokunemba; qaphelaizethameli, izinhloso, izakhiwo nezimoezehlukene ngokwelekelelwa okuthile; khaimicabango nemibono ngendlela enokuqondisanengaguquki eyamukelekile; buyekezanokuhlela ngokwelekelelwa ukuze akhiqizeamathekisthi athuthukile.

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4 50-59%Impumelelo yezinga

elamukelekayo(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba okwamukelekile; bona, ahumusheabuye achaze imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ngokwelekelelwa;sebenzisa izakhi zemisho ezehlukene ukufezaizinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kodwauvame ukwenza amaphutha; khombisa ukwaziokwamukelekile kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba okwamukelekile; bona, ahumusheabuye achaze ngokwelekelelwa imiqondonemisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwo zamagamangokunemba okwamukelekile; sebenzisa izakhizemisho ezehlukene ukufeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke kodwa uvameukwenza amaphutha; khombisa ukwaziokwamukelekile kokuzebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ qonda abuye asebenzise izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba okwamukelekile; bona, ahumusheabuye achaze ngokwelekelelwa imiqondonemisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwo zegamangokunemba okwamukelekile; sebenzisa izakhizemisho ezehlukene ukufeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke kodwa wenzaamaphutha; khombisa ukwazi okwamukelekilekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolwimi nolwazimagama.

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3 40-49%Impumelelongokwanele

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengokwanele anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi,ngokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango kodwa udinga ukugqugquzelwanjalo; khombisa ukuqaphela kanyenokusebenzisa ulimi ngokwanele eveza uzwelanenhlonipho; lalela ngokuhlolisisa ngokwaneleukuze abone ulwazi kepha angahumusha,ahlaziye nokuchaza kuphela ngokwelekelelwanjalo; sebenzisa ulimi ngezinye izikhathingokushelela okwanele ezimweni zokuxhumanaezijwayeleke.

■ funda abukele amathekisthi kepha uvameukuhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ebona,ehumusha, ehlaziya nalapho echazaamathekisthi; khombisa ukuqonda okwanelekodwa akhombise ukungabaza lapho enikezanoma esekela imibono yakhe; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelela; khombisauzwela olwanele emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi,ngokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango kodwa udinga ukugqugquzelwanjalo; khombisa ukuqaphela kanyenokusebenzisa ulimi eveza, uzwela nenhlonipho;sebenzisa ulimi ngezinye izikhathi ngokushelelaokwanele ezimweni zokuxhumanaezijwayelekile; lalela ngokwanele ngokuhlolisisangokwanele ukuze abone ulwazi kephauhlangabezana nobuzima lapho ehlaziya,ehumusha nalapho echaza amathekisthi.

■ bona ngokwanele ulwazi lapho efunda nalaphoebukela kepha uvame ukuhlangabezananobunzima lapho ehumusha, ehlaziya nalaphoechaza amathekisthi ngaphandlekokwelekelelwa; khombisa ukuqonda okwanelekepha angabaze lapho enikeza abuye asekeleimibono yakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelela okwanele; khombisa uzwelaolwanele emibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi,ngokuhambisana nangokuhlangana kemicabangokodwa udinga ukugqugquzelwa ngezinyeizikhathi; khombisa ukuqaphela kanyenokusebenzisa ulimi ngokwanele eveza ukujiya,uzwela nenhlonipho; sebenzisa ulimingokushelela ngokwanelisayo ezimweniezehlukene zokuxhumana; lalela ngokuhlolisisangokwanele ukuze abone abuye ahumusheulwazi kepha ahlangabezane nobunzima laphoehlaziya nalapho echaza amathekisthi.

■ bona ngokwanele ulwazi lapho efunda nalaphoebukela kepha ngezinye izikhathi ahlangabezanenobunzima lapho ehumusha, ehlaziya nalaphoechaza amathekisthi ngaphandlekokwelekelelwa; khombisa ukuqonda okwanelekepha angabaze lapho enikeza abuye asekeleimibono yakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelela okwanele; khombisa uzwelaolwanele emibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

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(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi ngokwanelekodwa amathekisthi avame ukubanokungahambisani nokungahlanganikwemicabango nokunganembi; qaphelangokwanele ngokwelekelelwa izethameli,izinhloso, izakhiwo nezimo ezehlukene; khaimibono ngendlela eqondile enokuqondisaokwanele ngokwelekelelwa njalo okwanele;ukubuyekeza abuye ahlele kodwa udingaukwelekelelwa njalo ukuze akwazi ukuqedaamaphutha athikameza umqondo ngokwedlulele.

■ sebenzisa ngokwanele izimiso nezakhi zolimikodwa wenza amaphutha amaningiokunganakekeli; bona, ahumushe abuye achazengokwanele imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ngokwelekelelwa njalo;sebenzisa izihlobo zezakhi zemisho ezehlukeneukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengobalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kodwakubuye kube namaphutha amaningi amakhulu;khombisa ukwazi okwanele kokusebenzisauhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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■ bhala abuye ethule ulwazi ngokwanele kodwaamathekisthi avame ukungabi nokuhambisana,nokuhlangana kwemicabango nokunemba;qaphela ngokwanele ngokwelekelelwaizethameli, izinhloso, izakhiwo nezimoezehlukene; kha imibono ngendlelaenokuqondisa okwanele ngokwelekelelwa;buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalo kodwa udingaukwelekelelwa njalo ukuze akwazi ukuqedaamaphutha athikameza umqondo.

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izimiso nezakhi zolimingokwanele kodwa uvame ukwenza amaphuthaokunganakekeli; bona, ahumushe abuye achazengokwanele imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ngokwelekelelwa;sebenzisa izinhlobo zezakhi zemisho ezehlukeneukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulwiminjengoba lusetshenziswa ezimweni zansukuzonke kodwa uvama ukwenza amaphuthaamabi; khombisa ukwazi okwanelekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

■ bhala abuye ethule ulwazi ngokwanele kodwaamathekisthi avame ukungabi nokuhambisana,nokuhlangana kwemicabango nokunemba;qaphela ngokwanele ngokwelekelelwaizethameli izinhloso, izakhiwo nezimoezehlukene; kha imibono ngendlelaenokuqondisa okwanele ngokwelekelelwa;buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalo kodwa udingaukwelekelelwa ukuze akwazi ukuqedaamaphutha athikameza umqondo ngesinyeisikhathi.

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izimiso nezakhi zolimingokwanele kodwa wenza amaphuthaokunganakekeli; bona, ahumushe abuye achazengokwanele imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ngokwelekelelwa;sebenzisa izinhlobo zezakhi zemisho ezehlukeneukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengobalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kodwakubuye kube namaphutha amaningi; khombisaukwazi okwanele kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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ngokuyingxenye

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumeleleukuzuza ingxenye anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi kodwaangahle angakhombisi ukuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango; qaphela kanyenokusebenzisa ulimi eveza uzwela nokuhloniphangokungavamile; lalela kanzima ngokuhlolisisaukuze abone, ulwazi futhi okavamileukuhumusha, ukuhlaziya nokuchazaamathekisthi ngisho elekelelwa; dlulisa ngezinyeizikhathi umyalezo olula ezimweniezijwayelekile zokuxhumana kodwangokushelela okungavamile.

■ thukela ehumusha, ahlaziye achaze amathekisthingaphandle kokwelekelelwa nangokunembalapho efunda nalapho ebukela; hle angakhombisikhombisa ukuqonda noma ukunikezanokusekela imibono yakhe; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelelayo; thukelaekhombisa uzwela emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi kodwaangahle angakhombisi ukuhambisana nomaukuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimi kanzima eveza,uzwela nokuhlonipha; lalela kanzimangokuhlolisisa ukuze abone ulwazi kephauhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ehumusha,ehlaziya nalapho echaza amathekisthi ngishoelekelelwa; thukela edlulisa kwezinye izikhathiumyalezo oqonde kakhulu ezimweniezijwayelekile zokuxhumana ngokushelela.

■ thukela ehumusha, ahlaziye kanye nokuchazaamathekisthi ngaphandle kokwelekelelwanangokunemba lapho efunda nalapho ebukela;khombisa ukuqonda okungaphelele futhiakavamile ukunikeza abuye asekele imibonoyakhe; thukela efunda ngokuphakamisa izwingokungavamile ngokushelelayo; thukelaekhombisa uzwela emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi kodwaangahle angakhombisi ukuhambisana nomaukuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimi kanzima eveza,uzwela nokuhlonipha; lalela kanzimangokuhlolisisa ukuze abone abuye ahumusheulwazi futhi uhlangabezana nobunzima laphoehlaziya nalapho echaza amathekisthi ngishoelekelelwa; thukela edlulisa ngesinye isikhathiumyalezo oqondile ezimweni ezijwayelekilezokuxhumana ngokushelela.

■ thukela ehumusha, ahlaziye kanye nokuchazaamathekisthi ngaphandle kokwelekelelwanangokunemba lapho efunda nalapho ebukela;khombisa kanzima ukuqonda futhi anikezeabuye asekele imibono yakhe; thukela efundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokungavamilengokushelelayo; thukela ekhombisa uzwelaemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

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ngokuyingxenye(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ thukela ebhala nokwethula ulwazingokuhambisana, ngokuhlangana kwemicabangonoma ngokunemba; thukela eqaphela izethameliizinhloso, izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene ngishoelekelelwa njalo; kha imicabangoneziphakamiso ezilula ngokwelekelelwa kephaazinakho ukuqondisa futhi umqondo uvameukuthikamezeka ngenxa yamaphutha amabi;khombisa ubufakazi obuncane bokubuyekezakanye nokuhlela ngisho elekelelwa njalo.

■ thukela eqonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimisozolimi futhi wenza amaphutha amaningi amabi;thukela ebona, ahumushe, abuye achazeimiqondo nemisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwozamagama ngisho eselekelelwa njalo; thukelaesebenzisa izinhlobo zezakhi zemishoezehlukene ezilula ukufeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenzisweezimweni zansuku zonke futhi wenzaamaphutha amaningi; khombisa ukwaziokungaphelele kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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■ thukela ebhala nokwethula amathekisthianokuhambisana, ukuhlangana kwemicabangonoma ukunemba; thukela eqaphela izethameli,izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene ngishonoma elekelelwa; kha imicabangoneziphakamiso ezilula ngokwelekelelwa kuphelakepha azinakho ukuqonda, futhi umqondouyathikamezeka ngenxa yamaphutha amabi;khombisa ubufakazi obungaphelelebokubuyekeza kanye nokuhlela ngishoelekelelwa njalo.

■ thukela eqonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimisozolimi futhi wenza amaphutha amabi; bona,ahumushe abuye achaze ngokungavamileimisebenzi yamagama nezakhiwo zamagamangisho elekelelwa; sebenzisa kuphela izinhlobozezakhi zemisho ezilula ukufeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke futhi wenzaamaphutha amaningi; khombisa ukwaziokungaphelele kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ thukela ebhala nokwethula ngokungavamileamathekisthi anokuhambisana, ukuhlanganakwemicabango noma ukunemba; thukelaeqaphela izethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; kha imicabango neziphakamisoezilula ngokwelekelelwa kuphela kephaazinakho ukuqondisa futhi umqondouyathikamezeka ngenxa yamaphutha; khombisaubufakazi obungaphelele bokubuyekeza kanyenokuhlela ngisho elekelelwa njalo.

■ thukela eqonda nokusebenzisa ngokungavamileizakhi nezimiso zolimi futhi wenza amaphuthaamabi; thukela ebona, ahumushe abuye achazeimiqondo yamagama nemisebenzi yamagamakanye nezakhiwo zamagama ngisho elekelelwa;sebenzisa kuphela izinhlobo zezakhi zemishoezilula ukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa uliminjengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimweni zansukuzonke futhi wenza amaphutha amaningi;khombisa ukwazi okungaphelele kokusebenzisauhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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Ngokungenele

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengokungenele anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule ngokuthula isikhathi esidengendlela emancozuncozu; khombisaukuqhaphela nokusebenzisa ulimi okungaphelelekakhulu eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha; hluleka,ukuhumusha, ukuhlaziya noma ukuchaza ulwazingenxa yamakhono okulalela asezingenieliphansi kakhulu; hluleka ukuxhumanangempumelelo ngenxa yokusebenzisaulwazimagama nolimi olusezingeni eliphansikakhulu.

■ hle angaboni, angahumushi, angahlaziyi nomaangachazi amathekisthi kanzima kakhulu laphoefunda nalapho ebukela; khombisa okuqondanokunikeza noma ukusekela imibono kanzimakakhulu; hle afunde funda kanzima kakhulungokuphakamisa izwi; hle angakhombisikakhulu uzwela kunoma yimiphi imibonoeyehlukene nezindaba zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ hluleka ukubhala nokwethula amathekisthianokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabangonoma ukunemba; khombisa ukungaqapheliizethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene lapho ebhala nalapho ethula; khiqizaumbhalo odidene ngenxa yokungahumushi kahleizihloko kanye nokusebenzisa ulimi olusezingenielephansi kakhulu; hluleka ukukhombisaubufakazi bokubuyekeza noma bokuhlela futhiakakwazi ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi nakubaelekelelwa njalo.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngokuthulaisikhathi eside nangendlela emancozuncozu;khombisa ukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimiokungaphelele kakhulu eveza, uzwelanokuhlonipha; hle amgahumushi, angahlaziyinoma angachazi kakhulu ulwazi ngenxayamakhono okulalela asezingeni eliphansikakhulu; hluleka ukuxhumana ngempumelelongenxa yokusebenzisa ulwazimagama nolimiokusezingeni eliphansi kakhulu;

■ bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye noma achazeamathekisthi kanzima kakhulu lapho efundanalapho elukela; khombisa ukuqonda okujulilenokunikeza noma ukusekela kanzima kakhulu;hle angafindi kakhulu ngokuphakamisa izwi;khombisa kanzima kakhulu uzwela kunomayimiphi imibono eyehlukene nezindabazamasiko ezehlukene.

■ hluleka ukubhala nokwethula amathekisthianokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabangonoma ukunemba; khombisa ukungaqapheliizethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene lapho ebhala nalapho ethula; khiqizaumbhalo odidene ngenxa yokungahumushi kahleizihloko kanye nokusebenzisa ulimiolusezingeni eliphansi kakhulu; khombisaubufakazi bokubuyekeza noma bokuhlelaobungekho futhi akathuthukisi umsebenzinakuba elekelelwa.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngokuthulaisikhathi eside nangendlela emancozuncozu;khombisa ukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimiokungaphelele kakhulu eveza, uzwelanokuhlonipha; hle amgahumushi, angahlaziyinoma angachazi kakhulu ulwazi ngenxayamakhono okulalela asezingeni eliphansikakhulu; hluleka ukuxhumana ngempumelelongenxa yokusebenzisa ulwazimagama nolimiokusezingeni eliphansi kakhulu;

■ bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye noma achazeamathekisthi kanzima kakhulu lapho efundanalapho ebukela; khombisa ukuqonda okujulilenokunikeza noma ukusekela kanzima kakhulu;hle angafindi kakhulu ngokuphakamisa izwi;hle angakhombisi kanzima kakhulu uzwelakunoma yimiphi imibono eyehlukene nezindabazamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthianokuhambisana, okuhlangana kwemicabangonoma ukunemba kanzima kakhulu; khombisaukungaqapheli izethameli, izinhloso, izimonezakhiwo ezehlukene lapho ebhala nalaphoethula; khiqiza umbhalo odidene ngenxayokungahumushi kahle izihloko kanyenokusebenzisa ulimi olusezingeni eliphansikakhulu; khombisa ubufakazi bokubuyekezanoma bokuhlela obungekho futhi angahleangathuthukisi umsebenzi nakuba elekelelwa.

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ngokungenele(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ hluleka ukuqonda noma ukusebenzisa izakhinezimiso zolimi futhi ukhombisa kuphelaukuqonda okuphansi kakhulu kwamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ezilula; sebenzisa kuphelaimisho engalungile futhi akakhombisinokuncane ukuqonda uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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■ hle angaziqondi noma angazisebenzisi kakhuluizakhi nezimiso zolimi futhi ukhombisa kuphelaukuqonda okuphansi kakhulu kwamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ezilula; sebenzisa kuphelaimisho engalungile futhi akakhombisinokuncane ukuqonda uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ hle angaziqondi noma angazisebenzisi kakhuluukusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimi futhiukhombisa kuphela ukuqonda okuphansikakhulu kwamagama nezakhiwo zamagamaezilula; sebenzisa izikhathi eziningi kuphelaimisho engalungile futhi akakhombisinokuncane ukuqonda uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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IGLOSARI

abafundi abanezingqinamba – abafundi abanezihibe ekufundeni ezingaholela ekuthini bangaphumbeleli

ama-akhronimi/ amagamamfingqwa – izinhlamvu ezisetshenziswa ukufingqa lelo nalelo gama

amafulowushadi – izithombe ezikhombisa ukulandelana komnyakazo

amagama anezincazelo ezintsha – amagama asezuze incazelo entsha ngaphezu kwaleyo ncazelo anayo (Isib.ukukhipha: ukususa into endaweni yayo; ukuthatha umuntu umyise endaweni yokujabula)

amagama asuselwe kwamanye – amagama anesiqalo esingefani abe nomsuka nesiqu esifanayo (Isib. umu-ntu; isi-ntu; ulu-ntu)

amagama endabuko – amagama angasasetshenziswa asamelwa amanye amagama olimini (Isib. isigqiki,umthimba, ikhetho)

amagugu esizwe – ilokhu okuwumgogodla okwaziswayo nokukhonzwe isizwe

amarubrikhi – indlela elandelwayo uma kunikwa imiklomelo ngomsebenzi womfundi kulandelwa imigomoethile

amasu obuciko – amasu asetshenziswa isikhulumi ukubonisa noma ukukholisa izethameli (Isib. ukuhlabaikhefu, ukuphindaphinda, ukuzeka indatshana eyake yavelela isikhulumi)

amathekisthi – okwethulwa ngomlomo, okulotshiwe noma okubukelwayo kanye nolimi lwezimpawuolwedlulisa umyalezo ezethamelini noma kumfundi

amaZinga okuHlola – avela emiPhumeleni esemQoka kanye neThuthukisayo abuye asho nokuthi yiniabafundi abafanele ukuyazi futhi bakwazi ukuyenza ekupheleni kwesigaba noma ibanga

amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezo – izincwadi, amaminithi, imibiko, idayari, umlando womufi

i-asayinimenti (umsebenzi wophenyo) – umsebenzi owabelwe umfundi ukuba awenze ngesikhathi sakhe

ibalazwe lengqondo lokukhumbula – ukubekwa kwendikimba noma kwesihloko lapho amagama nemibonoesemqoka kuhlelwa ngokugqamileyo

ibhuku lokubika malanga onke(idayari) – ibhuku okubhalwa kulo zonke izehlakalo nezinhlelo nsuku zonke

ifanangwaqa – lisho ukuphinda ongwaqa abafanayo emgqeni ukuze kuvele isigqi (Isib. Zwilileka ngizwelobuzwilili)


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ifanankamisa – lisho ukuphinda umsindo wonkamisa abafanayo (Isib. Yashosholoza intinginono ewumcondo)

ifuzamsindo – lapha kusetshenziswa igama elimsindo walo ufana nomsindo lowo osuke uchazwa. Lilingisaumsindo owenziwa yinto ethile ephilayo noma engaphili. Lowo umsindo ofuze umsindo owenziwa enye into(Isib. UMelusi wavuswa ubugodlogodlo besitimela)

ijagoni – amatemu angavamile asetshenziswa emsebenzini noma eqenjini elithile (Isib. abasebenzangamakhompyutha bakhuluma nge-“CPU”, “RAM”, njll.). Uma ijagoni isetshenziselwe ukubandlululaizethameli ekubambeni iqhaza kungakhubaza futhi kungaba yingozi

ihaba – liwukwandisa lokho okukhulunywa ngakho kuzwakale sengathi kukhulu kakhulu kunalokhookuyikhona ngempela (Isib. Isigelekeqe sangibuka ngezimbokodwe zamehlo).

ikhadi lokubika – ikhadi elinemininingwane yemiphumela yomfundi

inkulumohlaya – umusho/ isaga noma umbono osusetshenziswe kaningi kangangoba usuze walahlekelwaumfutho

ilithothisi – lapha kusetshenziswa amagama noma izakhi ezikhomba ukuphika ngaphambi kwegama elithizeukuze lelo gama liveze umqondo ovumayo. Inhloso yokusisebenzisa kungaba ukuhlekisa noma ukugcizelelaumqondo ovumayo okukhulunywa ngawo (Isib. Yisedeleli esingesincane neze leso)

imFundo ePhakeme – yimfundo eyenzeka emva kwebanga leshumi nambili njengaseyunivesithi,ethekhinikhoni

imibhalo – okufundwayo ( Isib. amanoveli, imidlalo, ama-eseyi, ubuciko bomlomo, izindaba ezimfushane,izinkondlo)

amazinga okuHlola – avela emiPhumeleni esemQoka kanye neThuthukisayo abuye asho nokuthi yini abafundiabafanele ukuyazi futhi bakwazi ukuyenza ekupheleni kwesigaba noma ibanga

imiPhumela enqala – ihlangene nemiPhumela eThuthukisayo, imiphumela ebalulekile yesiTatimende soHlelolweziFundo lukaZwelonke, esibukeziwe samaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) egqugquzelwangumThethosisekelo. Ibandakanyana amakhono empilo yabafundi, njengokuxhumana, ukucabangangokuhlolisisa, ukwenza kanye nokwazi ukuphatha umsebenzi weqembu kanye nowomphakathi, kanyenokuvivinywa kwamakhono

imiPhumela eThuthukisayo – ihlangene nemiPhumela Sisekelo nemiphumela ebalulekile yesISitatimendeSikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo samabanga 10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) ezigqugquzelwanguMthetho-sisekelo zibandakanya ukwenza abafundi bakwazi ukufunda ngokuyimpumelelo, babe ngabenzaokufanele, abazwelayo nezakhamuizi eziyizibonelo

imithomboyolwazi – yilapho sithola khona ulwazi (Isib. Iziqukathilwazi, izichazamazwi)


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imvumelwano – imvumelwano ukuphindwa kwemisindo ethile ekuqaleni ngaphakathi nasekugcinenikwemigqa ebinzeni (Isib. Ezikhathini zakudala, Okhokho baBejabula….)

incazelo egudliselayo – incazelo etholakala kumathekisthi ibe ingabekiwe obala

incazelo eqondile – incazelo etholakala kumathekisthi ebekwe obalaindida – ukubeka inkulumo ngendlela ephicayo engqondweni

ingqikithi – umongo walokho okuxhunyanwa ngakho

inkolelo engaguqukiyo – ukubuka uhlobo oluthile lomuntu ongaguqukiyo novame ukuba nobandlululo (Isib.umuntu wesifazane, umuntu ovela kwelinye izwe, umfundisi webandla)

i-okzimoroni – ukusetshenziswa kwamazwi ndawonye amqondo wawo uphikisanayo (Isib. uJabulaniukhathazwa ubugqili benkululeko)

ipharonimi – amagama abolekiwe anesakhiwo esifanayo nesamagama ayimvelaphi yawo

iphimbo – iphimbo ledlulisa umyalezo wamathekisthi. Ezithombeni zebhayisikobho iphimbo lingakhiwangomculo noma indlela umdlalo ohleleke ngayo esiteji

iphothifoliyo (iqoqombhalo) – ubufakazi obubekiweyo bomsebenzi womfundi akade ewenza isikhathi esithile

isakhiwo esincikile – eselekelelayo esigudlene nesakhiwo esikhulu

isakhiwo senoveli / umdlalo – isingeniso, udweshu, isixakaxaka, uvuthondaba kanye nesiphethonobudlelwano bakho konke lokhu

isathaya – uhlobo lwamathekisthi lapho umlobi ezwakala sengathi uyancoma kanti uyabhuqa. Ngokuhlekisangalowo amgxekayo usuke eqonde ukuba ukuhlonipheka kwakhe kwehle kuvele obala kuthi loko kuhloniphekakusekele emaphutheni kumbe ebulimeni. Isikhali esisemqoka sesathaya ukuhlekisa ngalowo ogxekwayongendlela yokubhuqa

isenzukuthi – siyawuchaza umsindo, sibuye sikwazi ukuchaza izimo ezingaphathelene nomsindo (Isib. qwa,bhuqe: imibala, duklu, bhaxu: ukushaya)

isidlalisi- magama – lesi sifenqo sisebenzisa igama elinemiqondo eminingi ngendlela yokuba kulowo musholiveze imiqondo yalo engaphezu kowodwa ( Isib. Waze wawathwala uzodwa amabele)

isifaniso – lapha kuqhathaniswa izinto ezimbili ezingafani ngoba kukhona okuthile okunobudlelwane phakathikwazo. Sandulelwa yizakhi zokufanisa o-njenga-, fana, kuhle, okwe-, -sa- (UThuthukile muhle kuhle kwelangaliphuma)


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isifenyiso – sisebenza ngokuphikisana nehaba (Isib. Le ndoda inemadlana ngoba nakhu ikwazile ukuthengaamabhasi)

isifundo sokuzikhethela – isifundo umfundi azikhethela sona ngoba enothando lwaso

isihlanganiso – igama elisetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa imisho (Isib. UNoxolo ungumdlali ovelele esikoleni futhiuzimisele nasezifundweni zakhe)

isihlonipho – igama elisetshenziswa endaweni yelinye umuntu ohloniphayo (Isib. ukudakwa: ukusutha,ukuhlanza: ukubuyisa)

isilinganisa – mazinga – sihlukanisa okulindeleke ukuba umfundi akwazi nokumele akuzuze ebangeni elithile

isingathekiso – ukukhuluma ngokufanekisa izinto ezingafani ubiza into ngenye (Isib. USinenhlanhla uyimbali).

isiqephu – sisho izinto eziqanjiwe ezibonwayo, ezilalewayo, ezilalelwa zibukelwe njengemibholo, umculo,izithombe, umdwebo, ifilumu iphosta, ikhadi, kanye nolimi lwezimpawu ezethula umyalezo ezethomelini nomaumfundi

uhlelomisho – isimiso sokuhlelwa kwamazwi (Isib. iqembu lamazwi, imishwana nemisho)

isiqhathaniso – sethula amagama noma imiqondo emibili eqophisanayo, ngaleyo ndlela sigcizeleleukuqophisana kwayo (Isib. Likude izulu, siseduze isihogo)

iSitatimende soHlelo lweziFundo – isiTatimende soHlelo lweziFundo ngasinye sibika Amazinga yokuHlolayalokho okuqukethwe kuleso naleso sifundo

isizinda – indawo, isikhathi nesimo sezinto indaba eyenzeka ngaso izakhi zolimi – izinhlangothi zolimi(njengezimo zokukhuluma, izaga, izisho)

isizinda sokufunda – izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili zolwazi esiTatimendeni soHlelo iweziFundosikaZwelonke somkhakha wemfundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele (Isib. IziBalo, iziLimi; UbuCiko kanye namaSiko)

izakhi zemisho – izakhi ezakha umusho. (Isib. inhloko/umenzi, umenziwa njii.

izethameli – umfundi, umlaleli, umbukeli oqondiwe wamathekisthi okuthize. Lapho kwenziwa uhlakalwesiqeshana esilotshwayo izikhulumi / abalobi kumele bacabange ngenhloso nezethameli lapho bekhethauhlobo lokubhalwayo

izici okubonwa ngazo – izimiso noma imigomo okwahlulelwa kubhekiswe kuyo

izifundo eziwumgogodla/ umongo – izifundo eziphathelene nomsebenzi ozofundelwa umfundi

izifundo sisekelo – izifundo eziphoqelekile ukuba abafundi bazifunde

IziNcazelo zamaKhono esifundo – amakhono okulindeleke ukuthi lowo nalowo mfundi abe nawo kulelo nalelobanga

izincwadi zobufakazi – izincwadi ezinikeza iqiniso ngobunjalo bomuntu

izingcezu zenkulumo – usobizo: ibizo, isabizwana, isichasiso: isiphawulo, isibaluli, ongumnini, inani.isilandiso: isenzo, isibanjalo. isikhanyiso: isilandiso, isenzukuthi, isihlanganiso, isibabazo

izinhlobo zamagama – amagama asetshenziswa ekufundiseni izingxenye zolimi (Isib. izingcezu zenkulumo,ngomqondofana, amagama aphikisanayo)

izinhlobo zemisho – Imisho enhlobonhlobo imisho eqondile, embaxa, ekhonzile, emagatshagatsha njll

izinkomba zomabonakude – okukhombisa izinhlelo noma okuzovela kumabonakude

izinto ezibonakalayo – ezibonakalayo zokwedlulisa umyalezo (Isib. imifanekiso, izithombe, amakhathuni,imidwebo, imifanekiso)

iziqukathilwazi – izincwadi ezisetshenziswa uma ufuna ulwazi oluthile kodwa ebe enqunyelwe isikhathisokuwuqeda

ofuzamqondo – amabizo ahlukene anomqondo ohambisanayo (Isib. amafutha- okugcobisa, okupheka,uphethilomu, u-oyela)

okuzwakalayo – yilokho okunomqondo. Isigaba esinomqondo ngesinokukhula okucacile kwemibono,nesinemisho ehlangene noma elandelana ngokunomqondo

ophimbohluka – amagama abhalwe ngokufanayo kepha ephinyiswa ngendlela engafani (Isib. ibele: isithosomzimba somuntu wesifazane; isitshalo)

ubuliminingi obengezayo – nxa umuntu efunda ulimi noma izilimi ukwengeza olimini lwakhe lwasekhaya. Lolulimi aluthathi isikhundla solimi lwasekhaya kodwa lufundwa kanye nalo. Ohlelweni lwemfundo lokwazi izilimiezimbili ulimi lwasekhaya luyagcinwa luxhaswe, kodwa ulimi lokufundisa lufundiswa kanye nalo. Uma ulimilokufundisa luzothatha isikhundla solimi lwasekhaya lomfundi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ubulimimbiliobunciphisayo

uchungechunge lokusakaza – ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela eziningi ezingamathekisthi, okubonwayo,umsindo, ividiyo njll. Inkulumo elungiselelwe ngezinyoni ingaxhaswa ngokusetshenziswa kochungechungelokusakaza(Isib. amavidiyo, imifanekiso enamatheliswe engilazini, imisindo)

udweshu – ukungqubuzana noma ukwehlukana kwemibono endabeni


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uHlaka lweNqubomgomo yeziQu nokuHlola – umqulu oqukethe AmaZinga okuHlolaukubika – ukwazisa ikakhulukazi ngenqubekela phambili yomfundi kulabo abafanele

ukubikezela – lokhu kwenzeka lapho isakhiwo senza ukuba izethameli zibe nolwazi olubanzi ngokwenzekayoukwedlula abalingiswa

ukucevuza – ukwanda ngamazwi noma ukukhulumela futhi

ukuchema – umkhuba wokuthanda into noma umbono ngaphezu komunye, lokho bese kuholela ekuthiniumuntu angabe esakwazi ukuthatha isahlulelo esifanele

ukuhambisana – kusho ukuhlangana kwakheke nobudlelwano ukuze leyo nto ibukeke iyodwa. Isigabasinokuhambisana uma yonke imisho yaso ixhumene ngendlela enomqondo futhi yenze okunomqondookupphelele

ukucwaninga – ukufunisisa, ukubhekisisa, ukuhlolisisa ngenhloso yokuthola ulwazi olujulile ngento ethile

ukudidiyela – ukuxuba noma ukuhlanganisa izinto ngenhloso ethile

ukudidiyela – lo umthetho wemfundo othi umuntu unelungelo lokufunda. Okuncane okudingekayo kubafundibonke kucacisiwe ukuze labo abanezidingo ezingavamile, izidingo ngokwemizwa nangokomzimbabalungiselelwe

ukugxeka – ukubeka amazwi ngendlela ekhombisa ukungagculiseki ngenhloso yokulungisa lapho kungahambikahle khona

ukuhlaziya – ukuhlahlela noma ukuhlakaza

ukuhlela izinto – ukubeka izinto ngononina

ukuhlela – yisikhathi lapho kulungiswa uhlelo lolimi, ukusetshenziswa kolimi, iziphumuzi, ukupelwakwamagama ukuqinisekisa okulotshiwe kucacile futhi kwamukelekile

ukuhlola okuqhubekayo – ukuhlola okugqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlola ekufundiseni kanyenokuthuthukiswa kwabafundi ngokusebenzisa ukubika nokulungiswa komsebenzi.

ukuhlola okuqoqayo – kunikeza isithombe salokho okuzuzwe ngumfundi ekupheleni kwekwata, konyakanoma ekupheleni komsebenzi obuhlelelwe isikhathi esithile

ukuhlola okuxilongayo – ukuthola izinkinga umfundi ahlangabezana nazo ukuze kwakhiwe amasu angasizaekumelekeleleni


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ukuhlola okuyisisekelo – kusetshenziselwa ukuthola osekwaziwa nokungenziwa ngabafundi

ukuhlola okwakhayo – kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ulwazi ngenqubekela phambili yomfundi

ukumisa komzimba – indlela umuntu ema noma aziphatha ngayo lapho ekhuluma

ukumisa kwezitho zomzimba – ukusetshenziswa kwezitho zomzimba ngokugqamileyo ukuze kwedlulisweumyalezo

ukunikezelana amathuba – izinqubo ezizimase ukunganqamuki kokuxhumana kwabantu ababili (Isib.ukuvumela abanye ukuba baveze imibono yabo, ukuphinda amazwi ukuze incazelo icace, ukungena nxakusaxoxwa ukuze abuyise abadukayo, ukwenanela ngemibuzo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka)

ukuphumelela ngokubonelela – ukudluliselwa phambili komfundi ongaphumelelanga ngokufanele

ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa – ikhono lokwazi ukuchachisa, ukuhlela ngezigaba noma izinhlobo ezithile nokuhlaziya

ukuqhathanisa – ukubona ukufana okukhona phakathi kwezinto

ukuqinisa izwi, umbono – ukufaka umfutho ukuze lokho okwenzayo kuphumelele noma kuzwakale

ukuqopha – ukubhala phansi inqubekela phambili yomfundi ngenhloso yokwazisa labo abafanele

ukushovuza – ukusebenzisa amagama amaningi ngokungadingekile

ukuthatha uhlangothi – inkulumo evunayo

ukuxhasa – ukuxhasa ukuxhumana kusho ikhono lokwenza ukuthi ukuxhumana kuqhubeke kunganqamuki

ukwazi ukwenza – ukuba nolwazi nendlela yokuthi into yenziwa kanjani futhi ukwazi ukuyenza

ukwehlukanisa – ukuthola umahluko okhona phakathi kwezinto

ukwenzasamuntu – into engaphili inikwa izimpawu zomuntu (Isib. Ilanga lanyonyoba laze layoshona kunina)

ukwenzasasilwane – kufaniswa into ethile nesilwane (Isib. Ezibongweni zebhasi sithola umugqa othi: Hambabhungane lendlela)

ulimi lokufunda kanye nokufundisa – ulimi olusetshenziswa kaningi endaweni yokufunda nokufundisa.Abanye abafundi bahlangabezana nokukwazi ukufunda kanye nokufundisa oLimini LokweNgeza hhayioLimini LwaseKhaya.

ulimi lokwengeza – ulimi olufundwayo kwengezwa kolwasekhaya

ulimi olukhohlisayo – ulimi olunamandla lokuthi umuntu akholwe futhi ebe engaboni ukuthi uyakhohliswa

ulimi oluvumisayo – ulimi olunamandla okwenza umuntu akholwe noma avume lokho okushiwoyo

ulimi olungamukelekile – ulimi olungesona isiZulu soqobo njengesidolobha, isihumusha

umabizwafane – eliphinyiswa libhalwe ngendlela efanayo kodwa libe linezincazelo ezingafani.

umbhalomdwebo – umbhalo owethulwe ngemidwebo

umbhalozithombe – umbhalo owethulwe ngezithombe

umbhinqo – ukusebenzisa amazwi achaza okuthile kepha kube kuqondwe okuphambene nawo. Kusukekusetshenziswe amazwi okuncoma kuqondwe ukugxeka (Isib. Kuyabonakala ukuthi bekuhlala inono kule ndluyiko kungcolile: kuqondwe ukuthi bekuhlala inuku)

umbuzombumbulu – wumbuzo osuke ungabuzelwa ukuthola impendulo, ngoba impendulo yawo ikhona kuwoumbuzo (Isib. Umbulali yena akayikufa yini?)

umhlahlandlela – yilokho okwenzelwe ukwelekelela othisha noma abafundi ukuthi bezwe kangcono lokhookubhaliwe noma okukhulunywa ngakho (Isib. umHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda)

umqondofana – igama elinomqondo ofanayo nelinye

umugqa womlando – kusitshela ngokulandelana kwezigameko nesikhathi ezenzeke ngaso

uphawu – igama elithatha noma limela indawo yenye into (Isib. Inkondlo ingakhuluma ngesihlahla, ichazeukuthi sikhula kanjani nokuthi ekugcineni siyagawulwa. Isihlahla singamela umuntu okhulayo ophethangokufa, imibala yefulegi laseNingizimu Afrika)

upholavuthondaba – ibohlololo, ukwehla komfutho wendaba (Isib. Wasebenza kanzima, waceba, wawa)

usikompilo – indlela isizwe esiphila ngayo

uteku – sithola izimo nezinto ezethulwa ngendlela ehlekisayo noma ekitazayo

uvuthondaba – izinga lapho indaba ingasakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphakama, isuke isifike esiqongwenisesilindele ukuthi inkinga isombuluke

uzwelomagama – amagama ashesha ukuthinta umoya ngenxa yosizi noma injabulo


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