iso 31000.docx

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 ISO 31000 - Risk management Risks affecting organizations can have consequences in terms of economic performance and  professional reputation, as well as environmental, safety and societal outcomes. Therefore, managing risk effectively helps organizations to perform well in an environment full of uncertainty. ISO 31000:2009 ISO 31000:2009,  Risk management   Principles and guidelines , provides principles, framework and a process for managing risk. It can be used b y any organization regardless of its size, activity or sector. Using ISO 31000 can help organizations increase the likelihood of achieving objectives, improve the identification of opportunities and threats and effectively allocate and use resources for risk treatment. However, ISO 31000 cannot be used for certification purposes, but does provide guidance for internal or external audit programmes. Organizations using it can comp are their risk management  practices with an internationally recognised benchmark, providing sound principles for effective management and corporate governance. Related Standards A number of other standards also relate to risk man agement.  ISO Guide 73:2009,  Risk management - Vocabulary  complements ISO 31000 by  providing a collection of terms and definitions relating to the management of risk.  ISO/IEC 31010:2009,  Risk management   Risk assessment techniques focuses on risk assessment. Risk assessment helps decision makers understand the risks that could affect the achievement of objectives as well as the adequacy of the controls already in place. ISO/IEC 31010:2009 focuses on risk assessment concepts, processes and the selection of risk assessment techniques.

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    ISO 31000 - Risk management

    Risks affecting organizations can have consequences in terms of economic performance and

    professional reputation, as well as environmental, safety and societal outcomes. Therefore,

    managing risk effectively helps organizations to perform well in an environment full ofuncertainty.

    ISO 31000:2009

    ISO 31000:2009,Risk managementPrinciples and guidelines, provides principles, framework

    and a process for managing risk. It can be used by any organization regardless of its size, activity

    or sector. Using ISO 31000 can help organizations increase the likelihood of achievingobjectives, improve the identification of opportunities and threats and effectively allocate and

    use resources for risk treatment.

    However, ISO 31000 cannot be used for certification purposes, but does provide guidance for

    internal or external audit programmes. Organizations using it can compare their risk managementpractices with an internationally recognised benchmark, providing sound principles for effective

    management and corporate governance.

    Related Standards

    A number of other standards also relate to risk management.

    ISO Guide 73:2009,Risk management - Vocabularycomplements ISO 31000 by

    providing a collection of terms and definitions relating to the management of risk.

    ISO/IEC 31010:2009,Risk management Risk assessment techniquesfocuses on risk

    assessment. Risk assessment helps decision makers understand the risks that could affectthe achievement of objectives as well as the adequacy of the controls already in place.ISO/IEC 31010:2009 focuses on risk assessment concepts, processes and the selection of

    risk assessment techniques.

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    ISO 9000 - Quality management

    The ISO 9000 family addresses various aspects of quality management and contains some of

    ISOs best known standards. The standards provide guidance and tools for companies and

    organizations who want to ensure that their products and services consistently meet customersrequirements, and that quality is consistently improved.

    There are many standards in the ISO 9000 family, including:

    ISO 9001:2008 - sets out the requirements of a quality management system

    ISO 9000:2005 - covers the basic concepts and language

    ISO 9004:2009 - focuses on how to make a quality management system more efficient and

    effective

    ISO 19011 - sets out guidance on internal and external audits of quality management systems.

    ISO 9001:2008

    ISO 9001:2008 sets out the criteria for a quality management system and is the only standard in

    the family that can be certified to (although this is not a requirement). It can be used by any

    organization, large or small, regardless of its field of activity. In fact ISO 9001:2008 isimplemented by over one million companies and organizations in over 170 countries.

    Quality Management Principles

    The standard is based on a number of quality management principles including a strong customer

    focus, the motivation and implication of top management, the process approach and continual

    improvement. These principles are explained in more detail in the pdfQuality ManagementPrinciples.Using ISO 9001:2008 helps ensure that customers get consistent, good quality

    products and services, which in turn brings many business benefits.

    Audits

    Checking that the system works is a vital part of ISO 9001:2008. An organization must perform

    internal audits to check how its quality management system is working. An organization may

    decide to invite an independent certification body to verify that it is in conformity to thestandard, but there is no requirement for this. Alternatively, it might invite its clients to audit the

    quality system for themselves. Read more aboutcertification to management system standards.

    Preview ISO 9001:2008

    You can preview the freely available sections of ISO 9001:2008 on ISO'sOnline Browsing

    Platform.To purchase this standard please visit theISO Store.

    http://www.iso.org/iso/qmp_2012.pdfhttp://www.iso.org/iso/qmp_2012.pdfhttp://www.iso.org/iso/qmp_2012.pdfhttp://www.iso.org/iso/qmp_2012.pdfhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9001:ed-4:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9001:ed-4:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9001:ed-4:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9001:ed-4:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=46486http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=46486http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=46486http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=46486http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9001:ed-4:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9001:ed-4:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/qmp_2012.pdfhttp://www.iso.org/iso/qmp_2012.pdf
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    ISO 26000 - Social responsibility

    Business and organizations do not operate in a vacuum. Their relationship to the society andenvironment in which they operate is a critical factor in their ability to continue to operateeffectively. It is also increasingly being used as a measure of their overall performance.

    ISO 26000 provides guidance on how businesses and organizations can operate in a socially

    responsible way. This means acting in an ethical and transparent way that contributes to the

    health and welfare of society.

    ISO and social responsibility

    ISO 26000:2010

    ISO 26000:2010 provides guidance rather than requirements, so it cannot be certified to unlike

    some other well-known ISO standards. Instead, it helps clarify what social responsibility is,

    helps businesses and organizations translate principles into effective actions and shares best

    practices relating to social responsibility, globally. It is aimed at all types of organizationsregardless of their activity, size or location.

    The standard was launched in 2010 following five years of negotiations between many different

    stakeholders across the world. Representatives from government, NGOs, industry, consumergroups and labour organizations around the world were involved in its development, which

    means it represents an international consensus.

    http://www.youtube.com/embed/jRajp8s9beI?fs=1&autoplay=1&rel=0
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    Preview ISO 26000:2010

    You can preview the freely available sections of ISO 26000:2010 on ourOnline Browsing

    Platform.To purchase the standard please visit theISO Store.

    http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=42546http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=42546http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=42546http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=42546http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:en
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    ISO 14000 - Environmental management

    The ISO 14000 family addresses various aspects of environmental management. It provides

    practical tools for companies and organizations looking to identify and control their

    environmental impact and constantly improve their environmental performance. ISO 14001:2004and ISO 14004:2004 focus on environmental management systems. The other standards in the

    family focus on specific environmental aspects such as life cycle analysis, communication and

    auditing.

    ISO and the environment

    ISO 14001:2004

    ISO 14001:2004 sets out the criteria for an environmental management system and can be

    certified to. It does not state requirements for environmental performance, but maps out a

    framework that a company or organization can follow to set up an effective environmentalmanagement system. It can be used by any organization regardless of its activity or sector. Using

    ISO 14001:2004 can provide assurance to company management and employees as well as

    external stakeholders that environmental impact is being measured and improved.

    The benefits of using ISO 14001:2004 can include:

    Reduced cost of waste management

    Savings in consumption of energy and materials

    Lower distribution costs

    Improved corporate image among regulators, customers and the public

    http://www.youtube.com/embed/hCAa7OWdjfo?fs=1&autoplay=1&rel=0
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    Preview ISO 14001:2004

    You can preview the freely available sections of ISO 14001:2004 on ourOnline Browsing

    Platform.To purchase the standard please visit theISO Store.

    http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14001:ed-2:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14001:ed-2:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14001:ed-2:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14001:ed-2:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=31807http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=31807http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=31807http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=31807http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14001:ed-2:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:14001:ed-2:v1:en
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    ISO 50001 - Energy management

    Using energy efficiently helps organizations save money as well as helping to conserve resourcesand tackle climate change. ISO 50001 supports organizations in all sectors to use energy moreefficiently, through the development of an energy management system (EnMS).

    ISO and energy management

    ISO 50001:2011

    Energy Management System

    ISO 50001 is based on the management system model of continual improvement also used for

    other well-known standards such as ISO 9001 or ISO 14001. This makes it easier fororganizations to integrate energy management into their overall efforts to improve quality and

    environmental management.

    ISO 50001:2011 provides a framework of requirements for organizations to:

    Develop a policy for more efficient use of energy

    Fix targets and objectives to meet the policy

    Use data to better understand and make decisions about energy use Measure the results

    Review how well the policy works, and

    Continually improve energy management.

    Preview ISO 50001:2011

    http://www.youtube.com/embed/1xfCvHLFAfE?fs=1&autoplay=1&rel=0
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    You can preview the freely available sections of ISO 50001:2011 on ourOnline Browsing

    Platform.To purchase the standard please visit theISO Store.

    Certification to ISO 50001

    Like other ISO management system standards, certification to ISO 50001 is possible but notobligatory. Some organizations decide to implement the standard solely for the benefits it

    provides. Others decide to get certified to it, to show external parties they have implemented an

    energy management system. ISO does not perform certification.

    Read more aboutcertification to ISOs management system standards.

    http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=51297http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=51297http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=51297http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/certification.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=51297http://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:ed-1:v1:enhttp://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:ed-1:v1:en
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    Country Codes - ISO 3166

    What is ISO 3166?

    ISO 3166 is the International Standard for country codes and codes for their subdivisions. Thepurpose of ISO 3166 is to establish internationally recognised codes for the representation ofnames of countries, territories or areas of geographical interest, and their subdivisions. However,

    ISO 3166 does not establish the names of countries, only the codes that represent them.

    The country names in ISO 3166 come from United Nations sources. New names and codes are

    added automatically when the United Nations publishes new names in either the Terminology

    Bulletin Country Names or in the Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use maintained bythe United Nations Statistics Divisions. Names for subdivisions are taken from relevant official

    national information sources.

    ISO 3166 was first published in 1974 as a single standard to establish the country codes. It wasexpanded into three parts in 1997 to include the codes for subdivisions and the codes for names

    of countries that are no longer in use. Of the three parts, Part 1, ISO 3166-1 is generally used themost often.

    Who uses ISO 3166-1?

    ISO 3166-1 has become one of the worlds most well known and widely used standards for

    coding country names. Using a code of letters and/or numbers to represent a country name can

    help save time and energy, and reduce the rate of error.

    The country codes found in ISO 3166-1 are used by many organizations, businesses andgovernments. For example all national postal organizations throughout the world exchangeinternational mail in containers bearing its country code for identification. In machine readable

    passports, the codes from ISO 3166-1 are used to determine the nationality of the user. In

    addition, internet domain name systems use the codes to define top level domain names such as'fr' for France, 'au' for Australia and 'br' for Brazil.

    How to use ISO 3166-1?

    ISO 3166-1:2006, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisionsPart 1: Country codesis the most recent version of the standard.

    Within the standard, names of countries are represented by a two-letter code (alpha-2) which is

    recommended as the general purpose code, a three-letter code (alpha-3) which is more closely

    related to the country name, and a three digit numeric code (numeric-3 - developed and assignedby the UN Statistics Division) which can be useful when codes need to be understood in

    countries that do not use Latin scripts.

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    ISO provides the alpha-2 country codes for free. The full standard containing the alpha-2, alpha-

    3 and numeric-3 codes as well as details of the administrative language can be purchased. (See

    table at top right - Resources for ISO 3166-1:2006.)

    Resources for ISO 3166-1:2006

    ISO ISO 3166-1 decoding tableThe decoding table clearly illustrates the 676 code elements and the countries they have been

    assigned to.

    View theISO 3166-1 decoding table

    HTML, Text and XML versionsISO makes the list of alpha-2 country codes available for internal use and non-commercialpurposes free of charge. Three formats are available:

    Text

    HTML

    XML

    Purchasing the full ISO 3166-1:2006A database containing the alpha-2, alpha-3 and numeric-3 codes as well as details of the

    administrative language can be purchased from theISO store.In addition the standard can be

    purchased inpaper or pdf format.

    ISO Focus+article about ISO 3166More information about the uses of ISO 3166 can be found in thisISOFocus+article

    Quick Links

    Track updates to ISO 3166

    Read more about ISO 3166-2

    Read more about ISO 3166-3

    Read more about how ISO 3166 is maintained

    ISO 3166-2:2007

    ISO 3166-2:2007 establishes codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g provinces orstates) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. This code is based on the two-letter code element

    from ISO 3166-1 followed by a separator and up to three alphanumeric characters. The

    characters after the separator cannot be used on their own to denote a subdivision, they must bepreceded by the alpha-2 country code.

    http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_table.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_table.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_table.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements_txt.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements_txt.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements_xml.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements_xml.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100048http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100048http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100048http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39719http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39719http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39719http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1604http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1604http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1604http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1604http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1604http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166-2http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166-2http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166-3http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166-3http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166_MAhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166_MAhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166_MAhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166-3http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm#2012_iso3166-2http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1604http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39719http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100048http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements_xml.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/country_names_and_code_elements_txt.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_table.htm
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    For exampleID-RI is the Riau province of Indonesia and NG-RI is the Rivers province in

    Nigeria.

    The codes denoting the subdivision are usually obtained from national sources and stem from

    coding systems already in place in the country.

    How to purchase ISO 3166-2:2007

    ISO 3166-2:2007 is available as a database in theISO store.In addition, the standard can bepurchased inpaper or pdf format.

    Updates for ISO 3166

    ISO 3166-2:2007 is constantly being updated. Read more about how to trackthese updates.

    ISO 3166-3:1999

    ISO 3166-3:1999 establishes codes for country names which have been deleted from ISO 3166-1since its first publication in 1974. The code elements for formerly used country names have a

    length of four alphabetical characters (alpha-4 code) and their structure depends on the reasonwhy the country name has been removed from ISO 3166-1.

    Country names might be removed from ISO 3166-1 for various reasons

    A country might change a significant part of its name, for example Burma (BU) was changed to

    Myanmar (MM) in 1989. The code element for the formerly used country name is therefore

    BUMM.

    A country may divide into two or more new ones, for example Czechoslovakia was divided intoCzech Republic and Slovakia in 1993. The code element for the formerly used country name

    Czechoslovakia is CSHH, HH meaning that no single successor country exists.

    Two or more countries may merge for example Democratic Yemen (YD) and Yemen Arab

    Republic (YE) merged into the Republic of Yemen (YE) in 1990. The code element used for the

    formerly used country name Democratic Yemen is YDYE.

    How to purchase ISO 3166-3:1999

    ISO 3166-3:1999 can be purchased from the ISO store inpdf or paper format.

    Updates to ISO 3166

    ISO 3166-3: 1999 is often updated. Read more abouthow to track these updates.

    http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100050http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100050http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100050http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39718http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39718http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39718http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=2130http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=2130http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=2130http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=2130http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htmhttp://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=39718http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/publications_and_e-products/databases.htm#PUB100050
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    How ISO 3166 is maintained

    All three parts of ISO 3166 are maintained by a maintenance agency (ISO 3166/MA).The

    composition of the ISO 3166/MA reflects the two stakeholder groups which were primarilyinvolved in the development of ISO 3166 in the early 1970s: national standards organizations,

    members of ISO, and United Nations agencies.

    Of the ten experts with voting rights on the ISO 3166/MA five are representatives of the

    following national standards organizations:

    Association franaise de normalisation AFNOR (France)

    American National Standards Institute ANSI (United States)

    British Standards Institution BSI (United Kingdom)

    Deutsches Institut fr Normung DIN (Germany)

    Swedish Standards Institute SIS (Sweden)

    The other five are representatives of major UN or other international organizations who are allusers of ISO 3166-1:

    International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

    International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

    Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

    Universal Postal Union (UPU)

    United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)

    The ISO 3166/MA has further associated members who do not participate in the votes but who -

    through their expertise - have significant influence on the decision taking procedure in the

    maintenance agency. The members can be contacted through the secretariat of the ISO3166/MA.

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    Currency codes - ISO 4217

    What is ISO 4217?

    ISO 4217 is the International Standard for currency codes. The most recent edition is ISO4217:2008.

    The purpose of ISO 4217:2008 is to establish internationally recognised codes for therepresentation of currencies. Currencies can be represented in the code in two ways: a three-letter

    alphabetic code and a three-digit numeric code.

    Alphabetic code

    The alphabetic code is based on another ISO standard, ISO 3166, which lists the codes for

    country names. The first two letters of the ISO 4217 three-letter code are the same as the code

    for the country name, and where possible the third letter corresponds to the first letter of thecurrency name.

    For example:

    The US dollar is represented as USD - the US coming from the ISO 3166 country code and the D

    for dollar.

    The Swiss franc is represented by CHF - the CH being the code for Switzerland in the ISO 3166

    code and F for franc.

    Numeric code

    The three-digit numeric code is useful when currency codes need to be understood in countries

    that do not use Latin scripts and for computerised systems. Where possible the 3 digit numericcode is the same as the numeric country code.

    For currencies having minor units, ISO 4217:2008 also shows the relationship between the minorunit and the currency itself (i.e. whether it divides into 100 or 1000).

    ISO 4217:2008 also describes historical codes in table A.3 as well as the codes representing

    certain funds in table A.2.

    Maintaining ISO 4217

    Periodically, amendments must be made to ISO 4217:2008 and these are managed by the

    Secretariat of the Maintenance Agency, in this case the SIX Interbank Clearing Ltd on behalf of

    the Swiss Association for Standardization, SNV.

    More details on how to contact SIX Interbank Clearing Ltd can be found in the list ofMaintenance Agencies.

    http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards_development/list_of_iso_technical_committees/maintenance_agencies.htm#4217http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards_development/list_of_iso_technical_committees/maintenance_agencies.htm#4217http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards_development/list_of_iso_technical_committees/maintenance_agencies.htm#4217
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