It is not a matter of IF this is going to happen, but WHEN…

Every day you are not prepared is another day to PLAN!

Seasonal Flu• There are thousands of

flu viruses

• Caused by respiratory viruses

• Easily transmitted from person to person

• People may have some residual immunity to the virus

• A vaccine is available

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California

United States

Pandemic • Causes global outbreak• Highly pathogenic for humans• Spreads easily from person to

person worldwide• Genetically unique• High morbidity & mortality

• New influenza virus

• Little/No immunity in human population

• Infects & replicates in humans

• Spreads easily and is sustained among humans

• Currently, there is No pandemic

Avian Flu (a.k.a. H5N1)

• Caused by influenza viruses that naturally infect wild birds

• Can be deadly for domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, and turkeys

• Can be transmitted from birds to humans• No human immunity or vaccine is available

at this time

• Influenza-like diseases appeared as early as 412 BC

• First Recorded Pandemic – 1580

• 19th century- three pandemics, including the Russian Flu of 1889

• 1918 – Spanish Flu

• 1957 - Asian Flu

• 1968 - Hong Kong Flu

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction number unknown

• Over 500,000 U.S. deaths

• Up to 40 million deaths worldwide

• More died in one year than in four (4) years of the Black Death

The most catastrophic pandemic

• The attack rate and mortality rate was highest among young adults ages 25-50 years old.

• The body responds to the infection by triggering the immune system to over respond, which includes an increase in fluid in the lungs.

• You need to be placed on a ventilator to pump out the fluid.

• The government is using what happened during the Spanish Flu as an example to help plan for the next Pandemic.

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction number LC-USZ62-126995

• Over 70,000 U.S. deaths

• 1-2 million deaths worldwide

• Elderly had the highest rates of death

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction number LC-USZ62-126995

• Over 34,000 U.S. deaths

• 700,000 deaths worldwide• Mildest of the pandemics)

• *This would not have been declared a pandemic if it was not worldwide

• Closed saloons, dance halls, and cinemas

• Schools were closed

• Banned large crowd gatherings

• Prohibited public funerals

Hong Kong• Source of infection - Close

contact with live poultry (sharing living quarters, contact with fecal matter, etc.)

• 18 humans infected; 6 deaths

• Prevention - 1.5 million birds were destroyed in three days to try to eradicate the virus

• Mutates rapidly

• Causes severe disease in humans

• Since 2003 – over 300 human H5N1 cases have been reported

Total number of cases includes number of deaths.

WHO reports only laboratory-confirmed cases.

Country 

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Total

casesdeaths

cases deaths cases deaths cases deaths cases deaths cases deaths

Azerbaijan 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 0 0 8 5

Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 7 7

China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 2 1 24 15

Djibouti 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0

Egypt 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 10 16 4 34 14

Indonesia 0 0 0 0 20 13 55 45 22 19 97 77

Iraq 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 3 2

Lao People’s Democratic Republic

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2

Nigeria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

Thailand 0 0 17 12 5 2 3 3 3 0 25 17

Turkey 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 4 4 0 12 4

Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 0 0 93 42

Total 4 4 46 32 98 43 115 79 44 28 307 186

High fatality rate (61% death rate)

For current information go to: http://www.pandemicflu.gov/

• More infected birds = increased chance

for human infection

• More exposure to infected birds = increase chance of human-to-human mutated strain, which may lead to the next pandemic.

This photo depicts the burying of dead birds

• H5N1 currently transmits through birds

• Nasal/body secretions (saliva, mucus membranes, oils, droppings, etc.)

• Most human H5N1 cases have a history of prolonged contact with sick birds

Currently there is NO pandemic!• SB County has a population of 1.9

million. – Of those approximately 30%

(600,000) may become infected with H5N1.

– Approximately 5% (30,000) of those infected may die

• We are currently in a phase 3 alert stage which means there has been no or very limited human to human transmission (as determined by the World Health Organization).

• Resemble those of the common flu (fever, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, eye infections, & muscle aches)

• Increased symptoms include pneumonia, severe respiratory diseases, and other severe and life threatening complications (multi-organ failure)

• Patients do not get better• See your doctor for treatment

• Adults can shed the virus 3-5 days prior to showing symptoms

• Children can shed the virus 5-7 days prior to showing symptoms

• Bird Migration• Illegal smuggling of birds and

poultry products • Travel by infected people• People traveling with virus

contaminated items (i.e. clothing, gloves, etc.)

• Vaccine may take 6-9 months to develop from the time it passes from human to human

• Obstacles:

Limited production capacity

Only a few companies that can produce the vaccine

Long standing technology

New technology

Non-medical control measures:

Risk Communication• Pre-event • During event

Isolation of Cases• Self-imposed

(shelter-in-place)• Mandated

Non-medical control measures:

Tracing and Management of Contacts

Social Distancing• Schools• Furloughing non-

essential workers• Canceling mass

gatherings

Limiting travel

• Proactive Education

• Planning

• Surveillance

• Antiviral Medications

• Vaccine Development

• Health Care Planning

• Public Health Interventions

• Promote public health efforts in your community & stay informed!

• Practice good health habits:*Wash hands frequently

*Cover coughs and sneezes *Stay away from others when sick

(follow the 3 – 6 foot rule)

*Continue practicing proper handling and cooking of poultry and egg products

• Individual

• Family

• Community

• Organization

We need to work together!

• pandemicflu.gov• cdc.gov• sbcounty.gov/pubhlth• sbcounty.gov/pubhlth/prepandresponse

For more information, please call the Preparedness and Response Program at: (909) 387-6280 or (800) 782-4264

THANK YOU!