ITALY, LAND OF IMMIGRATION

ITALY, LAND OF IMMIGRATION

• For geographical reasons, our peninsula has been for centuries a meeting point of migration flows and different cultural experiences, which have characterized our social and cultural life.

In the years between 1958 and 1963 the Italian industry experienced an extraordinary development, but the South remained underdeveloped and poor not to be able to allow the establishment of industries, that were concentrated in the North. So the population of the South migrated to the North, therefore emigration "depleted" the South and contributed to the growth of inequality.

EMIGRATION Between 1860 and 1985 more than 10 million Italians emigrated to all countries of the Western World and parts of North Africa. It was an exodus that touched all the Italian regions. In the early 2000s the flow of emigration from Italy to the world has slowed down. It is currently characterized by a large number of professionals, often graduates. According to statistics, the Italian community in the world has stabilized over 4 million Italians living abroad.

DOMESTIC MIGRATION

WHEN ITALIANS EMIGRATED

WHERE THEY LEFT FROMWHERE THEY LEFT FROM

FORMERLY NOWADAYS

Nowadays the Italians emigrated abroad are 4, 028 , 370.

WHERE THEY GO: France, UK, East Europe (55%); USA (39,3%); Oceania (3,2%); Africa (1,3%); Asia (0,9%).

Source: AIRE e MAE

• The arrival of the first consistent groups of immigrants occurs in the early '70s .

• TODAY the present-day figure of about 4.6 million foreign residents, that make up some 8% of the total population, include more than half a million children born in Italy to foreign nationals—second generation immigrants, but exclude foreign nationals who have subsequently acquired Italian nationality; this applied to 53,696 people in 2008. The official figures also exclude illegal immigrants, the so-called clandestini, whose numbers are very difficult to determine

• As for the number of refugees , Italy has very low figures compared to other countries of the European Union

IMMIGRATION

Foreign residents as a percentage of the regional population, 2011

ASYLUM SEEKERS DATA

IMMIGRATION TO ITALY 1993 - 2011

Percentage of immigrants in Italy

Italy (2013)

93%

7%

Italians

Immigrants

National origin of immigrants in Italy

Others1,40%

Philippines0,28%

Albania0,86%

Morocco0,88%

Ukraine0,39%

China0,52%

Italy95,68%

Morocco

Albania

China

Ukraine

Philippines

Others

Italy

INTEGRATION AT SCHOOL

In Italy there is a right and duty to receive education, which starts at the age of 6. Compulsory education encompasses two study paths: •the first cycle includes the PRIMARY and JUNIOR HIGH school system; •the second cycle comprises the HIGH SCHOOL system and the system of TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL education/training. All the paths of the second cycle allow university access.

OUR SCHOOL SYSTEM AND MIGRANT STS

•MINORS who have just come to Italy must be sent to school.

•They enrol in a class corresponding to their age taking into consideration

1.The school attended in their home land

2.Their skills, abilities and competences

3.Their school curriculum

4.The certifications owned

•The class council may allow them to enrol into classes of a superior level provided that they show suitable competence

•They may be asked to take a junior high scool diploma before getting the high school one

TO SUM UP14-year-old st with less than 8 years of scholarship

Inclusion in a 3rd year junior high school

Special program is laid out+ language support

14-year-old st with more than 8 years of scholarship

Inclusion in a high school class 1st year

Special program is laid out+ language support/course to take junior high diploma

15-year-old st Inclusion in a high school class 1st / 2nd year

As above

16-year-old st Board of teachers decide the appropriate level

As above

Foreign sts in Italy

Nursery Primary Junior High High school

NON ITALIAN STS newly included in the school system in 2012/13

High schools, Technical, Vocational, Art S.

Non Italian Sts by country

STUDENTS in OUR REGION: Emilia Romagna Total sts with

non Italian citizenship

21873 st

licei (high schools)

2972

Technical 8125

vocational 10163

Art schools 523

Our school

•2013-14 75 students

•2012-13 59 students

Problems and tools

•Education should be accessible to all students. To help achieve that goal sts without Italian citizenship who might have modest learning, emotional or social difficulties are TEMPORARILY supported in a special way (SEN) by

•Language support

•Simplified program

•Simplified resources

•Differentiation of work

•Gradual tasks

•Special help

•Extra practice at home